Capsule containing paecilomyces hepialid mycelium and American ginseng extract and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to a capsule containing paecilomyces hepialid mycelium and American ginseng extract and a preparation method thereof, the capsule comprises 150-190 parts of paecilomyces hepialid mycelium powder, 40-60 parts of turmeric extract, 30-50 parts of American ginseng extract and 70-100 parts of auxiliary materials; the raw materials and the auxiliary materials are sieved, mixed, encapsulated and packaged to obtain the capsule. According to the capsule containing the paecilomyces hepialid mycelium and the American ginseng extract, full utilization of American ginseng residues is achieved, the treatment cost of medicine residues is saved, the capsule is more environmentally friendly, the content of adenosine and the content of total saponins in the prepared product are obviously increased, and the nutritional value is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to a capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The mycelia product obtained by artificial deep fermentation culture using Paecilomyces hepiali has been widely used as a substitute for Cordyceps sinensis in Chinese patent medicines and health foods. The functions of Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia mainly focus on aspects such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-fatigue, improving immunity, protecting the kidneys, and regulating blood lipids. The Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia isolated from wild Cordyceps sinensis in Yunnan Province has been proven to have significant analgesic effects through pharmacological experiments, and also has an auxiliary analgesic effect when applied to patients with advanced cancer. American ginseng contains about 6.7% of total ginsenosides and 72.5% of total polysaccharides. After multiple water extractions, the remaining American ginseng residue still contains 1.5 - 2% of total ginsenosides and 20 - 25% of total polysaccharides, indicating that 25 - 30% of total ginsenosides and total polysaccharides are still remaining in the American ginseng residue. Directly discarding the American ginseng residue will cause a large amount of waste. However, a lot of American ginseng is imported, and due to different planting environments and conditions, there will inevitably be some heavy metals residues. And Paecilomyces hepiali has the characteristic of ingesting a large amount of heavy metals from the outside and accumulating them in cells. If the American ginseng residue is used for fermentation, it is necessary to be vigilant about excessive heavy metals in the product. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention mainly provides a capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract and a preparation method thereof to overcome the problem that the survival ability and quantity of probiotics in the bacterial agent products in the prior art are not high. The technical solution is as follows:

[0004] A capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract, calculated by mass parts, the raw materials include 150 - 190 parts of Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia powder, 40 - 60 parts of turmeric extract, 30 - 50 parts of American ginseng extract, and 70 - 100 parts of auxiliary materials; the raw materials and auxiliary materials are sieved, mixed, filled into capsules, and packaged to obtain the product.

[0005] A preparation method of the above-mentioned capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract, after American ginseng is extracted with ethanol, American ginseng residue and extract are obtained, the extract is dried to obtain American ginseng extract; after Paecilomyces hepiali is inoculated and cultured, it is transferred to a culture medium containing American ginseng residue with low heavy metals for fermentation culture, and the Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia are taken, dried, and pulverized to obtain Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia powder.

[0006] Further, a separation membrane is prepared using American ginseng residue; the American ginseng residue is pulverized and dispersed into dilute nitric acid to obtain a dispersion, and the dispersion is filtered using the separation membrane to obtain a filtrate and the residue on the separation membrane; the filtrate and the upper residue are mixed, and the separation membrane is reused for filtration to obtain American ginseng residue with low heavy metals.

[0007] Further, the pH of the dispersion is 2 - 5; filtration is performed 3 - 10 times.

[0008] Further, the preparation of the separation membrane includes the following steps:

[0009] a. American ginseng carbon is prepared using American ginseng residue; the American ginseng carbon is dispersed into water, ferrous sulfate is added and fully dispersed, sodium acetate is added and fully mixed, and stirring reaction is carried out at 45 - 60 °C for 5 - 8 h to obtain a precursor;

[0010] b. Azobisisobutyronitrile and water are added to methyl methacrylate and fully mixed and dispersed to obtain an emulsion; then the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane is immersed in the emulsion until all the air in the membrane is discharged; the immersed polyvinylidene fluoride membrane is taken out and placed in a glass sandwich with air excluded and reacted at 60 - 70 °C for 2 - 4 h to obtain a base membrane;

[0011] c. The precursor is dispersed into a mixed solution of acetone and chloroform to obtain a precursor solution; the precursor solution is sprayed onto the base membrane, left to stand at room temperature until the mass no longer changes, heated to 70 - 80 °C, and left to stand for 1 - 2 h, and after rinsing, the separation membrane is prepared.

[0012] Further, the mass ratio of the American ginseng carbon to ferric sulfate is 2.5 - 5:1; the molar ratio of ferric sulfate to sodium acetate is 3 - 5:1.

[0013] Further, the azobisisobutyronitrile in step b accounts for 1 - 3% of the mass of methyl methacrylate; the water in step b accounts for 0.5 - 3% of the mass of methyl methacrylate.

[0014] Further, the volume ratio of acetone to chloroform in step c is 1:3 - 5; the mass ratio of the precursor to acetone is 0.5 - 2:1; the rinsing solution obtained by rinsing is dried and the precursor is recovered.

[0015] Further, the American ginseng residue is heat-treated at 400 - 600 °C for 3 - 6 h to obtain American ginseng carbon.

[0016] Further, by mass, the culture medium includes 3 - 10 parts of American ginseng residue with low heavy metals, 1 - 3 parts of sucrose, 1 - 2 parts of glucose, 3 - 6 parts of soybean meal, and 0.1 - 0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0017] Adopting the above scheme, the method of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The ginseng residues generated after the extraction of American ginseng in the present invention are applied to the preparation of separation membranes and the fermentation of Paecilomyces hepiali, realizing the full utilization of ginseng residues, saving the disposal cost of medicinal residues and being more environmentally friendly. Moreover, the contents of adenosine and total saponins in the prepared products are significantly increased, and the nutritional value is high.

[0019] 2. The present invention uses the powerful enzyme system of Paecilomyces hepiali to decompose ginseng residues, and at the same time uses the nutrients therein for growth, converting and absorbing the components in ginseng residues, so that the mycelia of Paecilomyces hepiali contain both its own active products and the residual components of ginseng residues, improving the utilization rate of American ginseng and the nutritional value of the final product.

[0020] 3. Using ethanol for the extraction of American ginseng can fully extract active ingredients and avoid the entry of heavy metal ions insoluble in ethanol into the extract. The iron oxides in the precursor loaded in the separation membrane of the present invention and the American ginseng charcoal contain a large number of hydroxyl groups, which can combine with the water-soluble lead, cadmium, arsenic and other heavy metal ions remaining in the ginseng residues, forming adsorption of such heavy metal ions and avoiding heavy metal accumulation in the fermentation of Paecilomyces hepiali.

[0021] 4. The present invention uses a polymer to load the precursor of American ginseng carbon-based material, which has high strength and strong stability, solving the problems of low strength, difficult recovery and easy dispersion of bio-carbon materials, resulting in secondary pollution.

[0022] 5. The separation membrane material prepared in the present invention filters and adsorbs ginseng residues. The one-way filtration operation improves the mass transfer rate, avoiding the potential leaching, migration and transformation of the adsorption material that are likely to occur when directly putting the adsorbed raw material, resulting in unknown toxicity problems, improving the safety of the product, and also fully reducing the loss of the precursor. Making the system acidic before filtration and adsorption can promote the dissolution of heavy metal ions and make the treated ginseng residues acidic, so that the culture substrate during fermentation is also weakly acidic, forming a more suitable environment for the growth of Paecilomyces hepiali, killing two birds with one stone.

[0023] 6. In the present invention, a small amount of water is added during the polymerization of methyl methacrylate. Using the solubility of methyl methacrylate, the system is emulsified to a certain extent, avoiding the cost increase and impurity increase caused by adding external emulsifiers and protecting the safety of the product.

[0024] 7. The present invention utilizes the solubility difference of methyl methacrylate in different solvents to generate pores, forming a stable load on the precursor and forming an adsorption space near the precursor, weakening the ion movement speed and making complexation and adsorption more likely to occur. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] The American ginseng residue, American ginseng extract, and American ginseng carbon obtained by the following methods in each embodiment were continued for subsequent preparation experiments: American ginseng was refluxed and extracted twice with 8 times its mass of 80% ethanol for 1 hour each time. After extraction, American ginseng residue and extract were obtained. The extract was concentrated by reducing the pressure to recover ethanol and then dried under reduced pressure to obtain American ginseng extract; a part of the American ginseng residue was heat-treated at 500 °C for 4 hours to obtain American ginseng carbon.

[0027] Example 1: (1) By mass, 3 parts of American ginseng carbon were dispersed in water, 1 part of ferrous sulfate was added and dispersed thoroughly, 0.2 part of sodium acetate was added and mixed thoroughly, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 50 °C for 6 hours to obtain a precursor;

[0028] (2) 2% by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile and 1.5% of water were added to methyl methacrylate and mixed and dispersed thoroughly to obtain an emulsion; then the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was immersed in the emulsion until all the air in the membrane was exhausted; the immersed polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was taken out and placed in a glass sandwich with air removed and reacted at 65 °C for 3 hours to obtain a base membrane;

[0029] (3) The precursor 1 time the mass of acetone was dispersed in a mixed solution of acetone and chloroform with a volume ratio of 1:4 to obtain a precursor solution; the precursor solution was sprayed on the base membrane, left standing at room temperature until the mass no longer changed, heated to 75 °C, and continued to stand for 1.5 hours. After rinsing, a separation membrane was obtained; the rinsing solution obtained by rinsing was dried to recover the precursor.

[0030] (4) The American ginseng residue was pulverized and dispersed in dilute nitric acid to obtain a dispersion with a pH value of 4. The separation membrane was used to filter the dispersion to obtain a filtrate and the residue on the separation membrane; the filtrate and the upper residue were mixed, and the separation membrane was used to filter 5 times repeatedly to obtain American ginseng residue with low heavy metals;

[0031] (5) Mix 6 parts of low - heavy - metal American ginseng residue, 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of glucose, 4 parts of soybean meal, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.1 part of magnesium sulfate by mass to obtain a culture medium containing low - heavy - metal American ginseng residue; sterilize each stage of the culture medium at 121 °C for 30 min. After inoculating and culturing Paecilomyces hepiali, transfer it to the sterilized culture medium containing low - heavy - metal American ginseng residue at an inoculation amount of 10%, and ferment and culture at 25 - 30 °C for 30 h; take the obtained Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia, dry and crush them to obtain Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia powder.

[0032] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0033] (1) Disperse 5 parts of American ginseng carbon into water by mass, add 1 part of ferrous sulfate and disperse it fully, then add 0.2 part of sodium acetate and mix well, and stir - react at 50 °C for 6 h to obtain a precursor.

[0034] Example 3: The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0035] (2) Add 2% of azobisisobutyronitrile and 0.5% of water based on the mass of methyl methacrylate to methyl methacrylate, mix and disperse fully to obtain an emulsion; then immerse the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane in the emulsion until all the air in the membrane is exhausted; take out the immersed polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and place it in a glass sandwich with air removed and react at 65 °C for 3 h to obtain a base membrane.

[0036] Example 4: The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0037] (2) Add 2% of azobisisobutyronitrile and 3% of water based on the mass of methyl methacrylate to methyl methacrylate, mix and disperse fully to obtain an emulsion; then immerse the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane in the emulsion until all the air in the membrane is exhausted; take out the immersed polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and place it in a glass sandwich with air removed and react at 65 °C for 3 h to obtain a base membrane.

[0038] Example 5: The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0039] (3) Disperse 0.5 times the mass of acetone of the precursor into a mixed solution of acetone and chloroform with a volume ratio of 1:4 to obtain a precursor solution; spray the precursor solution onto the base membrane, let it stand at room temperature until the mass no longer changes, then raise the temperature to 75 °C and continue to stand for 1.5 h, and after rinsing, obtain a separation membrane; dry the rinsing liquid obtained by rinsing and recover the precursor.

[0040] Example 6: The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0041] (3) Disperse the precursor with a mass twice that of acetone into a mixed solution of acetone and chloroform with a volume ratio of 1:4 to obtain a precursor solution; spray the precursor solution onto the base film, let it stand at room temperature until the mass no longer changes, heat it to 75 °C, continue to stand for 1.5 h, and after rinsing, a separation membrane is prepared; dry the rinsing solution obtained by rinsing and recover the precursor.

[0042] Comparative Example 1: By mass, mix 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of glucose, 4 parts of soybean meal, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.1 part of magnesium sulfate to prepare a culture medium containing low-heavy-metal American ginseng residues; sterilize each stage of the culture medium at 121 °C for 30 min; after inoculating and culturing Paecilomyces hepiali, transfer it to the sterilized culture medium containing low-heavy-metal American ginseng residues at an inoculation amount of 10%, and ferment and culture at 25 - 30 °C for 30 h; take the obtained Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia, dry and crush them to obtain Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia powder.

[0043] Comparative Example 2: By mass, mix 6 parts of American ginseng residues, 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of glucose, 4 parts of soybean meal, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.1 part of magnesium sulfate to prepare a culture medium containing low-heavy-metal American ginseng residues; sterilize each stage of the culture medium at 121 °C for 30 min. After inoculating and culturing Paecilomyces hepiali, transfer it to the sterilized culture medium containing low-heavy-metal American ginseng residues at an inoculation amount of 10%, and ferment and culture at 25 - 30 °C for 30 h; take the obtained Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia, dry and crush them to obtain Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia powder.

[0044] Comparative Example 3: The difference from Example 1 is that:

[0045] (4) Crush the American ginseng residues and disperse them in water to obtain a dispersion, use the separation membrane to filter the dispersion to obtain a filtrate and the residue on the separation membrane; mix the filtrate and the upper residue, and repeat using the separation membrane to filter 5 times to obtain low-heavy-metal American ginseng residues.

[0046] For the raw materials prepared in each example and comparative example, by mass, mix 170 parts of Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia powder, 55 parts of turmeric extract, 40 parts of American ginseng extract, 80 parts of corn starch, and 5 g of magnesium stearate, sieve, mix, and encapsulate to prepare capsules with a specification of 0.35 g / capsule.

[0047] Testing of the example samples:

[0048] The lead content in the capsule products prepared in each example and comparative example was detected according to GB 5009.12; the total arsenic content in the capsule products prepared in each example and comparative example was detected according to GB 5009.11. The capsules prepared in each example and comparative example were crushed and extracted with ethanol-water. Based on the adenosine standard, the adenosine content in the sample was qualitatively and quantitatively detected using a high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet detector. A standard solution was prepared using ginsenoside Re. The ginseng content in the capsule products prepared in each example and comparative example was converted, and samples were weighed according to the ginseng content to prepare test specimens. The test specimens were subjected to column chromatography, and then treated successively with vanillin glacial acetic acid solution, perchloric acid and glacial acetic acid, and then colorimetric determination was carried out with a 1 cm colorimetric cell at a wavelength of 560 nm together with the standard tube. The total saponin content in the product was calculated.

[0049] Table 1:

[0050]

[0051] Compared with Example 1, in Example 2, when preparing the precursor, the content of American ginseng carbon was higher, and the lead content and total arsenic content in the sample increased, but the increase was not significant, indicating that American ginseng carbon itself also has the effect of adsorbing heavy metal ions. Before polymerizing methyl methacrylate, less water was added to the system in Example 3, which may result in fewer pores in the polymer, while too much water added in Example 4 may also cause the pore size to be too large, both of which will affect the adsorption effect of the separation membrane on heavy metal ions. Therefore, the lead content and total arsenic content in Example 3 and Example 4 both increased. When mixing the precursor with acetone and chloroform, the precursor content in Example 5 was low and that in Example 6 was high. The lead content in the sample of Example 5 increased, and the precursor content in Example 6 decreased, but the decrease was not significant, indicating that the precursor plays a dominant role in the adsorption of heavy metal ions. However, if the ions are too trace, its adsorption effect will also be limited, and when the precursor content is high, the loading and stabilizing effect of the polymer on it will also decrease, and more losses of the precursor may occur during multiple filtration processes, which will also affect the adsorption effect.

[0052] When fermenting Paecilomyces hepiali of Comparative Example 1, American ginseng residue was not introduced. The lead content was less than 2 mg / kg and the total arsenic content was also less than 1 mg / kg, both meeting the national standards. However, the adenosine and total saponin contents were significantly lower than those of Example 1, indicating that the mycelia prepared by the method of the present invention can significantly improve the nutritional value of the product. For Comparative Example 2, the American ginseng residue used for fermentation was not subjected to continuous heavy metal adsorption treatment, and the lead and arsenic contents of the product exceeded the standards, making it impossible to be put into production and consumption. Although the adenosine and total saponin contents were high, they were still lower than those of Example 1, indicating that high levels of lead and arsenic also affect the increase in adenosine and total saponin contents. Reducing heavy metal ions in the fermentation substrate is beneficial to the production of active substances in Paecilomyces hepiali. For Comparative Example 3, when continuing the filtration and separation operation of heavy metals, the system of the American ginseng residue dispersion was not treated with nitric acid, resulting in an increase in the lead and total arsenic contents of the product, and the adenosine and total saponin contents were also affected.

[0053] For those skilled in the art, various corresponding changes and deformations can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelium and American ginseng extract, characterized in that, By mass parts, the raw materials include 150 - 190 parts of Paecilomyces hepiali mycelium powder, 40 - 60 parts of turmeric extract, 30 - 50 parts of American ginseng extract, and 70 - 100 parts of auxiliary materials; the raw materials and auxiliary materials are sieved, mixed, encapsulated, and packaged to obtain the product.

2. A method for preparing a capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelium and American ginseng extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, After extracting American ginseng with ethanol, American ginseng residue and extract are obtained. The extract is dried to obtain American ginseng extract; after inoculating and culturing Paecilomyces hepiali, it is transferred to a culture medium containing American ginseng residue with low heavy metals for fermentation culture. The Paecilomyces hepiali mycelium is taken, dried, and pulverized to obtain Paecilomyces hepiali mycelium powder.

3. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelium and American ginseng extract according to claim 2, characterized in that, Use American ginseng residue to prepare a separation membrane; the American ginseng residue is pulverized and dispersed into dilute nitric acid to obtain a dispersion liquid. The dispersion liquid is filtered using the separation membrane to obtain a filtrate and the residue on the separation membrane; the filtrate and the upper residue are mixed, and the separation membrane is reused for filtration to obtain American ginseng residue with low heavy metals.

4. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pH of the dispersion liquid is 2 - 5; filtration is performed 3 - 10 times.

5. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preparation of the separation membrane includes the following steps: a. Use American ginseng residue to prepare American ginseng charcoal; the American ginseng charcoal is dispersed into water, ferrous sulfate is added and dispersed fully, sodium acetate is added and mixed fully, and stirring reaction is carried out at 45 - 60 °C for 5 - 8 h to obtain a precursor. b. Add azobisisobutyronitrile and water to methyl methacrylate, mix and disperse fully to obtain an emulsion; then immerse the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane in the emulsion until all the air in the membrane is discharged; take out the immersed polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and place it in a glass sandwich with air removed and react at 60 - 70 °C for 2 - 4 h to obtain a base membrane. c. Disperse the precursor into a mixed solution of acetone and chloroform to obtain a precursor solution; spray the precursor solution onto the base membrane, let it stand at room temperature until the mass no longer changes, raise the temperature to 70 - 80 °C, continue to stand for 1 - 2 h, and after rinsing, the separation membrane is prepared.

6. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the American ginseng charcoal to ferric sulfate is 2.5 - 5:1; the molar ratio of ferric sulfate to sodium acetate is 3 - 5:

1.

7. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step b, the azobisisobutyronitrile accounts for 1 - 3% of the mass of methyl methacrylate; the water in step b accounts for 0.5 - 3% of the mass of methyl methacrylate.

8. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelium and American ginseng extract according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step c, the volume ratio of acetone to chloroform is 1:3 - 5; the mass ratio of the precursor to acetone is 0.5 - 2:1; the rinsing solution obtained after rinsing is dried to recover the precursor.

9. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract according to claim 5, characterized in that, The American ginseng residue is heat-treated at 400 - 600 °C for 3 - 6 h to prepare American ginseng charcoal.

10. The preparation method of the capsule containing Paecilomyces hepiali mycelia and American ginseng extract according to claim 2, characterized in that, By mass parts, the culture medium includes 3 - 10 parts of American ginseng residue with low heavy metals, 1 - 3 parts of sucrose, 1 - 2 parts of glucose, 3 - 6 parts of soybean meal, and 0.1 - 0.3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

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