Helicobacter pylori screening system

Abstract

The invention discloses a helicobacter pylori screening system, which belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and comprises a gas production unit and a feature detection unit, the gas sampling unit comprises a blowing nozzle and a sampling pipe, one end of the sampling pipe is connected with the blowing nozzle, and the other end of the sampling pipe is connected with the feature detection unit; the characteristic detection unit comprises a photoacoustic spectrometer and an infrared spectrometer, the photoacoustic spectrometer is used for detecting the detection concentration of characteristic gas of a subject, and the infrared spectrometer is used for detecting the detection concentration of volatile organic compounds of the subject. According to the invention, through the photoacoustic spectrometer and the infrared spectrometer, the characteristic gas and the organic volatile matter concentration for judging whether the subject suffers from the helicobacter pylori or not can be respectively collected from the exhaled gas of the subject, and the infection screening of the helicobacter pylori can be realized without orally taking any auxiliary tablet, so that the psychological burden of the patient is reduced, and the detection compliance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to a Helicobacter pylori screening system. Background Art

[0002] Helicobacter pylori (Hp for short) is the main pathogenic bacterium of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. Currently, the commonly used clinical detection methods include: Urea Breath Test (UBT): The subject needs to orally take 13 C or 14 C-labeled urea capsules, and judge the infection by detecting the labeled CO2 in the exhaled breath. Although the UBT has high sensitivity, it has significant defects: 14 14 C is radioactive and is prohibited for pregnant women and children; 13 Although 13 C has no radiation, the detection cost is high, the waiting time is long, the process is cumbersome, it depends on taking medicine, and the patient compliance is poor. It is not friendly to children, the elderly and people who resist taking medicine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems, and provide a Helicobacter pylori screening system. Through a photoacoustic spectrometer and an infrared spectrometer, the concentrations of characteristic gases and volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of the subject can be detected respectively. Later, according to the concentrations of the collected characteristic gases and volatile organic compounds, it can be used to judge whether the subject has Helicobacter pylori. Without taking any auxiliary tablets, the infection screening of Helicobacter pylori can be realized.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a Helicobacter pylori screening system, which includes a gas sampling unit and a characteristic detection unit; The gas sampling unit includes a blowing nozzle and a sampling tube. One end of the sampling tube is connected to the blowing nozzle, and the other end of the sampling tube is connected to the characteristic detection unit; The characteristic detection unit includes a photoacoustic spectrometer and an infrared spectrometer. The photoacoustic spectrometer is used to detect the detection concentration of the characteristic gas of the subject, and the infrared spectrometer is used to detect the detection concentration of the volatile organic compounds of the subject.

[0005] Preferably, it further includes an analysis and comparison unit. The analysis and comparison unit includes an analysis device. The photoacoustic spectrometer and the infrared spectrometer are both electrically connected to the analysis device. The analysis device is provided with a database and analysis software. The database is provided with threshold concentrations of disease characteristics. The threshold concentrations include a characteristic gas concentration threshold and a volatile organic compound concentration threshold. The analysis software can compare the detection concentration with the threshold concentration.

[0006] Preferably, the characteristic gas includes ammonia, and the volatile organic compounds include octanoic acid, acetic acid, and styrene.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a hyperspectral detection unit. The hyperspectral detection unit includes a hyperspectral detector for detecting the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the subject. The hyperspectral detector is electrically connected to the analysis device. The database further includes the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the diseased person. The analysis software can compare the spectral information of the subject with the spectral information of the diseased person.

[0008] Preferably, an air extraction pump is provided on the sampling tube.

[0009] Preferably, the extraction air flow rate of the air extraction pump is 0 - 10 L / min.

[0010] Preferably, the air extraction pump is located between the blowing nozzle and the characteristic detection unit, and a flow meter is further provided between the air extraction pump and the characteristic detection unit.

[0011] Preferably, the flow meter is a multi-functional flow meter capable of monitoring the flow rate and controlling the gas flow velocity.

[0012] Preferably, the blowing nozzle is made of medical-grade silicone material, and the sampling tube is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0013] Preferably, the sampling tube is equipped with a heat tracing system, and through the regulation of the heat tracing system, the tube wall of the sampling tube is maintained at a temperature of 30°C - 50°C.

[0014] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art: In the present invention, through the photoacoustic spectrometer and the infrared spectrometer, the characteristic gas and the concentration of volatile organic compounds for judging whether a subject has Helicobacter pylori can be respectively collected from the exhaled breath of the subject. Later, according to the collected concentrations of the characteristic gas and the volatile organic compounds, it can be judged whether the subject has Helicobacter pylori. Without taking any auxiliary tablets orally, the infection screening of Helicobacter pylori can be realized, reducing the psychological burden of the patient and improving the detection compliance. Moreover, by collecting two parameters, namely the concentration of volatile organic compounds and the concentration of the characteristic gas simultaneously, compared with only collecting the single parameter of the characteristic gas, it can reduce the misdiagnosis situation when the doctor makes a reference judgment later.

[0015] The other solutions of the present invention have also achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art: In the present invention, a hyperspectral detector can be used to detect the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of a subject, and an analysis software is used to compare the spectral information of the subject with that of a diseased person. When the detected concentration values of characteristic gases and volatile organic compounds do not reach the threshold but are close to it, and it is difficult for a doctor to give a diagnosis result, a comprehensive judgment can be made based on the comparison result of the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes to determine whether the subject is diseased, further increasing the number of parameters for diagnosis and improving the accuracy of later diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a Helicobacter pylori screening system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the database establishment process in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the determination logic in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Description of reference numerals: 1, blowing nozzle; 2, sampling tube; 3, air pump; 4, flowmeter; 5, photoacoustic spectrometer; 6, infrared spectrometer; 7, analysis device; 8, hyperspectral detector; 9, database; 10, analysis software. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The object of the present invention is to provide a Helicobacter pylori screening system to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By using a photoacoustic spectrometer and an infrared spectrometer, the concentrations of characteristic gases and volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath of a subject can be detected respectively. Without taking any auxiliary tablets orally, the infection screening of Helicobacter pylori can be realized, reducing the psychological burden of patients and improving the detection compliance. Moreover, two parameters, namely the concentration of volatile organic compounds and the concentration of characteristic gases, are collected. Compared with only collecting the single parameter of characteristic gases, the situation of misdiagnosis can be reduced when used as a reference for later diagnosis.

[0021] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, this embodiment provides a Helicobacter pylori screening system, including a gas sampling unit and a characteristic detection unit; The gas sampling unit includes a blowing nozzle 1 and a sampling tube 2. One end of the sampling tube 2 is connected to the blowing nozzle 1, and the other end of the sampling tube 2 is connected to the characteristic detection unit.

[0023] The characteristic detection unit includes a photoacoustic spectrometer 5 and an infrared spectrometer 6. The photoacoustic spectrometer 5 is used to detect the detected concentration of characteristic gases of the subject, and the infrared spectrometer 6 is used to detect the detected concentration of volatile organic compounds of the subject.

[0024] Working principle: The subject blows air through the blowing nozzle 1, and the sampling tube 2 sends the blowing of the subject to the photoacoustic spectrometer 5 and the infrared spectrometer 6 for detection. The photoacoustic spectrometer 5 can detect the detected concentration of characteristic gases of the subject, and the infrared spectrometer 6 can detect the detected concentration of volatile organic compounds of the subject. Subsequently, only by comparing the detected concentration of characteristic gases and the detected concentration of volatile organic compounds with the concentration thresholds of characteristic gases and volatile organic compounds, it can be known whether the subject has Helicobacter pylori. Without taking any auxiliary tablets, the infection screening of Helicobacter pylori can be achieved.

[0025] Specifically, when comparing, the concentration comparison of characteristic gases is the core judgment parameter, and the concentration comparison of volatile organic compounds is the auxiliary judgment parameter. For example: when the characteristic gas is greater than or equal to the threshold, and the volatile organic compound is greater than or equal to or slightly lower than the threshold, it can be determined that the subject has Helicobacter pylori; when the characteristic gas is slightly lower than the threshold, and the volatile organic compound is greater than or equal to the threshold, it is also determined that the subject has Helicobacter pylori. Using the concentration comparison of volatile organic compounds to assist the judgment of the concentration comparison of characteristic gases can avoid misdiagnosis caused by single gas comparison. Because photoacoustic spectroscopy (abbreviated as PAS), although it has the advantages of high sensitivity (ppb level) and label-free detection, and is gradually applied to the field of trace gas analysis, however, single gas indicators are easily affected by diet, oral flora, and the environment, resulting in a relatively high false positive rate. For example: high-protein diet or oral bacterial metabolism may produce gas components similar to Hp infection, affecting the detection specificity, and the misdiagnosis result can be reduced through the auxiliary judgment method of volatile organic compounds.

[0026] The inspiration for determining whether a subject has Helicobacter pylori by volatile organic compounds comes from traditional Chinese medicine auscultation, which can detect the "rancid" and "sour" odor characteristics of the patient's gas to assist in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases, such as "stomach heat leads to bad breath" as stated in the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine. However, traditional auscultation relies on the subjective experience of doctors and lacks objective quantitative standards, and the odor characteristics of gas such as "rancid" and "sour" are also difficult to judge by instruments. For this reason, the present invention has thought of finding volatile organic compounds that produce odors such as "rancid" and "sour", and then judging whether a subject has Helicobacter pylori by the concentration of volatile organic compounds exhaled by the subject. For this reason, the present invention detects a large number of breath samples of patients and healthy subjects by infrared spectroscopy technology, compares the breath samples of patients and healthy subjects, obtains the spectral information of volatile organic compounds unique to patients and volatile organic compounds that are much higher in patients than in healthy subjects, and then combines traditional Chinese medicine auscultation to obtain the spectral information required for breath diagnosis.

[0027] The characteristic gas can be determined by collecting and comparing breath samples from a large number of healthy subjects and patients through photoacoustic spectroscopy technology to determine the characteristic gas threshold.

[0028] In one embodiment, an analysis and comparison unit is also included, and the analysis and comparison unit includes an analysis device 7, and the photoacoustic spectrometer 5 and the infrared spectrometer 6 are electrically connected to the analysis device 7. The analysis device 7 is provided with a database 9 and analysis software 10, and the database 9 is provided with a threshold concentration of the disease characteristics, and the threshold concentration includes a characteristic gas concentration threshold and a volatile organic compound concentration threshold. The analysis software 10 can compare the detection concentration with the threshold concentration and output the comparison result. The subsequent doctor can know whether the subject has Helicobacter pylori based on the comparison result. When establishing the database 9, it can be divided into a traditional Chinese medicine odor fingerprint spectrum and a characteristic gas spectrum. The traditional Chinese medicine odor fingerprint spectrum is mainly the spectral information (volatile organic compound threshold) required for exhaled breath diagnosis and the spectral information of the characteristic gas (characteristic gas threshold).

[0029] In one embodiment, the characteristic gas mainly includes ammonia. Volatile organic compounds mainly include octanoic acid, acetic acid and styrene. Specifically, when the detected concentration of ammonia is ≥ the threshold concentration (usually 3.2 ppm), octanoic acid, acetic acid and styrene are greater than or equal to or slightly lower than the threshold, it is judged to be infected with Helicobacter pylori; and when the concentration of ammonia is slightly lower than the threshold, but the concentration thresholds of volatile organic compounds are met, such as octanoic acid ≥ 0.8pp, acetic acid ≥ 12.6ppb and styrene ≥ 0.3ppb, it is also judged to be infected with Helicobacter pylori. The above are threshold values ​​and judgment methods, which are based on the current test results and can be verified and adjusted according to actual conditions. Slightly lower than means that the threshold is not reached, but close to the threshold.

[0030] In one embodiment, a hyperspectral detection unit is further included. The hyperspectral detection unit includes a hyperspectral detector 8 for detecting the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the subject. The hyperspectral detector 8 is electrically connected to the analysis device 7. The database 9 further includes the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the diseased persons. The analysis software 10 can compare the spectral information of the subject with the spectral information of the diseased persons and output the comparison result, such as the similarity degree. The doctor can compare the size of the similarity degree with the preset similarity degree. If it is greater than or equal to the preset similarity degree, it is considered to judge whether the subject is diseased. The preset similarity degree can be set according to a large amount of clinical experience. In this way, when the detected concentration values of the characteristic gas and volatile organic compounds do not reach the threshold but are close to the threshold, and it is difficult for the doctor to give a diagnosis result, the spectral information comparison of the tongue, face, and eyes can be combined to perform multi-modal determination of whether the subject is diseased, improving the accuracy. The spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the diseased persons in the database 9 is pre-made by photographing with the hyperspectral detector 8. The hyperspectral detector 8 can non-invasively collect the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the subject. It mainly takes the hyperspectral photos of the tongue, face, and eyes of the subject or patient. Each pixel in each hyperspectral photo includes spectral information, and then a convolutional neural network is used to extract the Helicobacter pylori infection characteristics. The hyperspectral detector 8 is an existing device, and its working principle will not be elaborated here.

[0031] In one embodiment, an air pump 3 is provided on the sampling tube 2. The air pump 3 is used for pumping air to provide power for the gas flow, so that the gas can flow smoothly into the photoacoustic spectrometer 5 and the infrared spectrometer 6.

[0032] In one embodiment, the pumping flow rate of the air pump 3 is 0~10 L / min. This pumping flow rate has been verified to be less than the average blowing speed of the subject, so as to prevent the introduction of air.

[0033] In one embodiment, the air pump 3 is located between the blowing nozzle 1 and the characteristic detection unit. A flowmeter 4 is also provided between the air pump 3 and the characteristic detection unit. The gas flow can be monitored through the flowmeter 4.

[0034] In one embodiment, the flowmeter 4 is a multi-functional flowmeter capable of monitoring the flow rate and controlling the gas flow velocity, so as to ensure that the gas is uniformly input into the characteristic detection unit while monitoring the flow rate. The multi-functional flowmeter is such as a mass flow controller.

[0035] In one embodiment, the blowing nozzle 1 is made of medical-grade silicone material and is for single use. The sampling tube 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The characteristics of polytetrafluoroethylene material of being acid and alkali resistant and resistant to various organic solvents can reduce the adsorption of the pipeline to volatile organic compounds and ammonia. Of course, the blowing nozzle 1 and the sampling tube 2 can also be made of other materials with weak adsorption.

[0036] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the sampling tube 2 is 3 mm to 8 mm.

[0037] In one embodiment, the sampling tube 2 is equipped with a tracing heating system. Through the regulation of the tracing heating system, the tube wall of the sampling tube 2 is maintained at a temperature of 30°C to 50°C, preventing the condensation or adsorption of volatile organic compounds in the exhaled breath on the tube wall. The tracing heating system can adopt an electric tracing heating wire with a temperature control function.

[0038] In one embodiment, the method for detecting Helicobacter pylori in the stomach is specifically as follows: Step 1: The subject blows air through the blowing nozzle 1, continuously exhaling for several seconds (usually blowing for 10 to 15 seconds), starting the air extraction pump 3 to introduce the exhaled breath sample into the characteristic detection unit. The photoacoustic spectrometer 5 in the characteristic detection unit collects the concentration of characteristic gases in the exhaled breath sample, and the infrared spectrometer 6 collects the concentration of volatile organic compounds. At the same time, the hyperspectral detector 8 collects the spectral information of the subject's tongue, face, and eyes; Step 2: After the analysis device 7 receives the detected concentration of characteristic gases, the detected concentration of volatile organic compounds, and the spectral information of the subject's tongue, face, and eyes, the analysis software 10 will retrieve the threshold concentration of characteristic gases, the threshold concentration of volatile organic compounds, and the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the diseased from the database 9, compare the threshold concentration with the detected concentration, and give the first comparison result, and compare the spectral information of the subject's tongue, face, and eyes with that of the diseased, and give the second comparison result; Step 3: The doctor gives an improved diagnosis result based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result.

[0039] This process does not require the subject to orally take any isotope-labeled or unlabeled auxiliary tablets, realizing a fast screening without taking medicine and without radiation. Through actual verification, the detection time is on average less than 10 minutes, and the single cost is less than 20% of the urea breath test (UBT), which is applicable to medical institutions at all levels and home health management.

[0040] In the present invention, specific examples are used to elaborate the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A Helicobacter pylori screening system, characterized in that, It includes a gas sampling unit and a characteristic detection unit; The gas sampling unit includes a blowing nozzle and a sampling tube. One end of the sampling tube is connected to the blowing nozzle, and the other end of the sampling tube is connected to the characteristic detection unit; The characteristic detection unit includes a photoacoustic spectrometer and an infrared spectrometer. The photoacoustic spectrometer is used to detect the detected concentration of the characteristic gas of the subject, and the infrared spectrometer is used to detect the detected concentration of the volatile organic compounds of the subject.

2. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes an analysis and comparison unit. The analysis and comparison unit includes an analysis device. Both the photoacoustic spectrometer and the infrared spectrometer are electrically connected to the analysis device. The analysis device is provided with a database and analysis software. The database is provided with threshold concentrations of disease characteristics. The threshold concentrations include the characteristic gas concentration threshold and the volatile organic compound concentration threshold. The analysis software can compare the detected concentration with the threshold concentration.

3. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The characteristic gas includes ammonia, and the volatile organic compounds include octanoic acid, acetic acid, and styrene.

4. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 2, wherein It further includes a hyperspectral detection unit. The hyperspectral detection unit includes a hyperspectral detector for detecting the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the subject. The hyperspectral detector is electrically connected to the analysis device. The database further includes the spectral information of the tongue, face, and eyes of the diseased person. The analysis software can compare the spectral information of the subject with the spectral information of the diseased person.

5. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 4, wherein An air extraction pump is provided on the sampling tube.

6. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The extraction flow rate of the air extraction pump is 0 - 10 L / min.

7. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 5, characterized in that The air extraction pump is located between the blowing nozzle and the characteristic detection unit, and a flowmeter is further provided between the air extraction pump and the characteristic detection unit.

8. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flowmeter is a multi-functional flowmeter capable of monitoring the flow rate and controlling the gas flow velocity.

9. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blowing nozzle is made of medical-grade silicone material, and the sampling tube is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

10. The Helicobacter pylori screening system according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The sampling tube is equipped with a heat tracing system, and through the regulation of the heat tracing system, the tube wall of the sampling tube is maintained at a temperature of 30°C - 50°C.

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