Orthopedic chambering device for orthopedic surgery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and discloses an orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery, which comprises a stretching rod, an operating handle, a sliding assembly and a reaming assembly. The extending-in rod is provided with a through hole and a sliding groove, the operating handle is rotationally connected with the extending-in rod, and the sliding assembly and the reaming assembly are slidably connected with the extending-in rod. And the reaming assembly comprises a connecting rod, a resisting transverse rod, a fixed rod, a telescopic rod, a first tool bit and a second tool bit, the connecting rod and the resisting transverse rod are driven by the sliding assembly to slide along the extending rod through rotation of the operating handle, then the telescopic rod and the tool bit are driven to stretch out and draw back, and the hole diameter of a reaming hole is adjusted. The problems that in the prior art, a reaming device is fixed in size, and the reaming area needs to be increased to enter a bone cavity are solved, through the adjustable reaming assembly, the incision area can be reduced, harm of an operation to a patient is reduced, and the operation effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to, but is not limited to, the field of medical technology, and particularly relates to an orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery. Background Art

[0002] Most existing orthopedic reaming devices are designed with fixed sizes and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the bone cavity during the reaming process. As a result, it is necessary to enlarge the incision to insert the device into the bone cavity, causing unnecessary trauma to the patient. This problem is particularly prominent when the bone cavity is small or in special anatomical positions.

[0003] Traditional reaming devices lack a precise dynamic adjustment mechanism, resulting in uneven, asymmetrical, or larger-than-expected hole diameters during the reaming process, which affects the subsequent use effect of the bone cavity (such as the matching degree of implants) and the postoperative recovery of the patient.

[0004] Existing devices need to frequently change tools or rely on external auxiliary equipment during the reaming process, with complex operations, prolonged surgical time, increased risk of bone tissue damage, and surgical uncertainty. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery.

[0006] The present invention is implemented as follows. An orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery, characterized in that the device includes: an insertion rod, an operating handle, a sliding component, and a reaming component; the insertion rod has a through hole and a chute, the operating handle is rotatably connected to the insertion rod, and the sliding component and the reaming component are respectively slidably connected to the insertion rod; the reaming component includes a connecting rod, a resisting cross bar, a fixed rod, a telescopic rod, a first cutter head, and a second cutter head. By rotating the operating handle, the sliding component drives the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar to slide along the insertion rod, thereby driving the telescopic rod and the cutter head to expand and contract, realizing the adjustment of the reaming hole diameter.

[0007] Further, the insertion rod is a hollow cylindrical structure with a through hole running through the entire rod body for accommodating the sliding component and the connecting rod; a chute is provided on the outer surface and is slidably connected to the sliding component; the insertion rod is used to penetrate into the bone cavity and serves as a support and guiding component for other components.

[0008] Further, the operating handle is rotatably connected to one end of the insertion rod through a shaft pin, and a control mechanism with gears or threads is provided on one side of the handle and is connected to the driving rack or nut of the sliding component; by rotating the operating handle, the sliding component can be driven to slide along the insertion rod, thereby driving the reaming component to act.

[0009] Further, the sliding assembly includes a sliding seat and a rack or nut structure. The sliding seat is connected to the insertion rod chute in a mating manner. The rack meshes with the gear of the operating handle or is controlled by a threaded drive. When the sliding assembly slides along the insertion rod, it drives the connecting rod and the resisting crossbar of the reaming assembly to move synchronously.

[0010] Further, in the reaming assembly:

[0011] Connecting rod: Driven by the sliding assembly, it slides along the through hole of the insertion rod and is connected to the resisting crossbar;

[0012] Resisting crossbar: Horizontally arranged, it stabilizes the position of the cutting head by being hinged to the telescopic rod;

[0013] Telescopic rod: Connected to the resisting crossbar, it can be telescoped along the crossbar and is used to control the reaming action of the cutting head;

[0014] First cutting head and second cutting head: Arranged at the end of the telescopic rod, they complete the processing of the bone cavity through their reaming ability, and the size of the cutting head can be adjusted to change the reaming diameter;

[0015] Fixed rod: Used to stabilize the structure of the reaming assembly and is fixed to the resisting crossbar.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide an orthopedic reaming method for orthopedic surgery based on the orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery. The method specifically includes:

[0017] S1: Device initialization: Before the operation, the doctor adjusts the initial position and size of the cutting head of the reaming assembly according to the initial size of the bone cavity and the target reaming diameter, and inserts the device into the bone cavity through the insertion rod. The chute of the insertion rod ensures that the sliding assembly is precisely aligned with the rod body during the operation;

[0018] S2: Operating handle controls the sliding assembly: The doctor rotates the operating handle, and the gear mechanism or threaded control mechanism of the handle drives the sliding assembly to slide along the insertion rod chute. The sliding assembly transmits the sliding power to the reaming assembly through the connecting rod and the resisting crossbar;

[0019] S3: Reaming assembly action: The sliding assembly drives the connecting rod and the resisting crossbar to move in the target direction, pushing the telescopic rod to extend, so that the first cutting head and the second cutting head gradually open, completing the reaming action of the bone cavity; The amplitude of the cutting head expansion is determined by the angle of the handle rotation and the distance the rack moves, ensuring that the reaming size is controllable and precise;

[0020] S4: Real-time reaming aperture adjustment: During the reaming process, the doctor can adjust the opening amplitude of the cutting head at any time by rotating the handle; The precise sliding mechanism of the telescopic rod enables the cutting head to dynamically adjust the reaming diameter according to the actual situation of the bone cavity, thus avoiding over-reaming or damaging the surrounding tissues;

[0021] S5: Achieving precise machining through multi-stage reaming: During the expansion process of the tool head, due to its adjustability, the reaming diameter can be gradually increased, eliminating the need for one-time large-area reaming. This reduces damage to bone tissue, lowers surgical risks, and improves surgical outcomes.

[0022] S6: Completing reaming and withdrawing the device: After reaming is completed, the doctor rotates the operating handle in the reverse direction, causing the sliding assembly to drive the tool head to contract and return to its original position. At this time, the reaming device can be smoothly removed from the bone cavity without the need to further enlarge the incision, thus further reducing surgical trauma.

[0023] Combining the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. Reducing surgical incisions and minimizing patient trauma

[0025] Through the adjustable reaming assembly, the size of the tool head can be dynamically adjusted, enabling the reaming process to gradually increase the hole diameter without reaming to the target size in one go. This avoids overly large incisions and minimizes surgical incisions and damage to surrounding tissues to the greatest extent.

[0026] 2. Achieving precise reaming and improving surgical quality

[0027] Through the coordinated action of the operating handle, sliding assembly, and telescopic rod, the present invention can precisely control the reaming size, ensuring that the reamed hole diameter meets the expected requirements, with smooth and symmetrical hole edges, enhancing the integrity of the bone cavity structure, and laying a good foundation for the installation of subsequent implants.

[0028] 3. Optimizing the operation process and improving surgical efficiency

[0029] By integrating the operating handle, sliding assembly, and reaming assembly, the present invention designs an integrated dynamic adjustment reaming mechanism, reducing the frequency and complexity of tool replacement during the surgical process and significantly improving surgical efficiency.

[0030] 4. Reducing surgical risks and enhancing device applicability

[0031] The dynamic adjustment mechanism allows the reaming device to adapt to different bone cavity sizes and complex anatomical structures without the need for additional auxiliary equipment, reducing the operation difficulty and risks during the surgical process. At the same time, the design of this device is compatible with a variety of surgical scenarios and has a wide range of applications.

[0032] 5. Improving the postoperative recovery effect of patients

[0033] Reducing tissue trauma and bone loss during reaming, lowering the incidence of postoperative complications, enabling patients to recover faster, and significantly enhancing the overall surgical outcome.

[0034] In summary, by flexibly adjusting the reaming component and precisely controlling the reaming process, the present invention successfully solves the limitations of traditional fixed-size reaming devices, significantly reduces patient trauma and surgical difficulty, and has good clinical application value and promotion potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a flowchart of an orthopedic reaming method for orthopedic surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a mechanical structural diagram of an orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1, insertion rod; 2, operating handle; 3, sliding assembly; 4, reaming assembly; 5, connecting rod; 6, resisting cross bar; 7, fixed rod; 8, telescopic rod; 9, first cutter head; 10, second cutter head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery, which is characterized in that the device includes: an insertion rod 1, an operating handle 2, a sliding assembly 3 and a reaming assembly 4; the insertion rod 1 has a through hole and a chute, the operating handle 2 is rotatably connected to the insertion rod 1, and the sliding assembly 3 and the reaming assembly 4 are respectively slidably connected to the insertion rod 1; the reaming assembly 4 includes a connecting rod 5, a resisting cross bar 6, a fixed rod 7, a telescopic rod 8, a first cutter head 9 and a second cutter head 10. By rotating the operating handle 2, the sliding assembly 3 drives the connecting rod 5 and the resisting cross bar 6 to slide along the insertion rod 1, and then drives the telescopic rod 8 and the cutter head to expand and contract, so as to realize the adjustment of the reaming aperture.

[0040] The insertion rod 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a through hole penetrating the entire rod body is arranged inside for accommodating the sliding assembly 3 and the connecting rod 5; a chute is arranged on the outer surface and is slidably connected to the sliding assembly 3; the insertion rod 1 is used to penetrate into the bone cavity and serve as a support and guiding component for other components.

[0041] The operating handle 2 is rotatably connected to one end of the insertion rod 1 through a shaft pin, and a control mechanism with gears or threads is arranged on one side of the handle and is connected to the driving rack or nut of the sliding assembly 3; by rotating the operating handle, the sliding assembly 3 can be driven to slide along the insertion rod, thereby driving the reaming assembly 4 to act.

[0042] The sliding component 3 includes a sliding seat and a rack or nut structure. The sliding seat is connected to the chute of the insertion rod 1 in a mating manner. The rack meshes with the gear of the operating handle or is driven and controlled by a thread. When the sliding component 3 slides along the insertion rod, it drives the connecting rod 5 and the resisting cross bar 6 of the reaming component 4 to move synchronously.

[0043] In the reaming component 4:

[0044] The connecting rod 5: Driven by the sliding component 3, it slides along the through hole of the insertion rod 1 and is connected to the resisting cross bar 6.

[0045] The resisting cross bar 6: Horizontally arranged, it stabilizes the position of the cutting head by being hinged to the telescopic rod 8.

[0046] The telescopic rod 8: Connected to the resisting cross bar 6, it can extend and retract along the cross bar and is used to control the reaming action of the cutting head.

[0047] The first cutting head 9 and the second cutting head 10: Are arranged at the end of the telescopic rod 8 and complete the processing of the bone cavity through their reaming ability. The size of the cutting head can be adjusted to change the reaming diameter.

[0048] The fixing rod 7: Is used to stabilize the structure of the reaming component 4 and is fixed to the resisting cross bar 6.

[0049] The orthopedic reaming device of the present invention is mainly composed of four major parts: an insertion rod, an operating handle, a sliding component, and a reaming component. The insertion rod 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure with a through hole running through it, which is used to accommodate the sliding component 3 and the connecting rod 5. The outer surface of the insertion rod is provided with a chute, which is slidably connected to the sliding component 3 to ensure the stable movement of the component within the insertion rod. The operating handle 2 is rotatably connected to one end of the insertion rod 1 through a pin. A control mechanism with a gear or thread is configured on one side of the handle. By meshing with the rack or nut structure of the sliding component 3, the rotation drive of the handle is realized. The reaming component 4 is slidably connected to the through hole and the chute of the insertion rod 1 through the sliding component 3 to ensure the coordinated movement between the components.

[0050] The operating handle 2 serves as the control center of the device. By rotating it, it drives the sliding component 3 to slide along the insertion rod 1. Specifically, the gear or thread control mechanism on the handle meshes with the rack or nut structure of the sliding component 3. When the handle is rotated, the gear or thread drives the sliding component 3 to move along the chute direction of the insertion rod 1. The sliding component 3 includes a sliding seat and a rack or nut structure. The sliding seat is connected to the chute of the insertion rod 1 in a mating manner to ensure the smoothness and precision of the sliding process. When the sliding component 3 slides along the insertion rod 1, it drives the connecting rod 5 and the resisting cross bar 6 in the reaming component 4 to move synchronously, thereby realizing the overall movement and adjustment of the reaming component 4.

[0051] The reaming assembly 4 is composed of a connecting rod 5, a resisting cross bar 6, a fixing rod 7, a telescopic rod 8, a first cutter head 9 and a second cutter head 10. The sliding of the sliding assembly 3 drives the connecting rod 5 to slide along the through hole of the inserting rod 1, and the connecting rod 5 is connected to the resisting cross bar 6 by a hinged manner. The resisting cross bar 6 is arranged horizontally and is hinged to the telescopic rod 8 to ensure the stability of the cutter head during the reaming process. The telescopic rod 8 can expand and contract along the direction of the resisting cross bar 6. By controlling the length of the telescopic rod 8, the relative positions of the first cutter head 9 and the second cutter head 10 are adjusted, and further the adjustment of the reaming aperture is realized. When the operating handle 2 rotates, the telescopic rod 8 expands and contracts accordingly, and the distance between the cutter heads increases or decreases, thereby completing the precise reaming operation of the bone cavity.

[0052] To ensure the stable movement and precise control of the cutter head during the reaming process, the device designs a precise cooperation between the fixing rod 7 and the sliding assembly 3. The fixing rod 7 is used to stabilize the overall structure of the reaming assembly 4 and prevent the displacement or deformation of the assembly caused by the action of force during the reaming process. The sliding assembly 3 is connected through the cooperation of a sliding seat and a sliding groove, so that the reaming assembly 4 maintains stability during the movement process and avoids operation errors caused by shaking or deviation. In addition, the left - right reversing plate structure realizes the dynamic adjustment of the deflector through the coordinated movement of the rotating shaft and the sliding rail, further optimizing the air flow distribution and the reaming effect. The entire device ensures efficient, stable and adjustable reaming operations during orthopedic surgeries through the precise connection and coordinated movement between components, improving the safety and success rate of surgeries.

[0053] The orthopedic reaming device of the present invention realizes precise control and efficient operation during the reaming process through the close combination of the inserting rod, the operating handle, the sliding assembly and the reaming assembly. Its adjustable left - right reversing plate structure not only improves the flexibility and efficiency of air flow guiding, but also simplifies the maintenance and adjustment of the device, significantly enhancing the working performance and usability of the gas quenching chamber. The application of this device in orthopedic surgeries can provide a more reliable and efficient reaming solution, meeting the requirements of modern medicine for high precision and high safety.

[0054] As Figure 2 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an orthopedic surgery reaming method based on the orthopedic surgery reaming device for orthopedic surgeries. This method specifically includes:

[0055] S1: Device initialization: Before the surgery, the doctor adjusts the initial positions and sizes of the cutter heads of the reaming assembly according to the initial size of the bone cavity and the target reaming diameter, and inserts the device into the bone cavity through the inserting rod; the sliding groove of the inserting rod ensures that the sliding assembly is precisely aligned with the rod body during the operation;

[0056] S2: The operating handle controls the sliding component: The doctor rotates the operating handle, and the gear mechanism or screw control mechanism of the handle drives the sliding component to slide along the chute of the insertion rod. The sliding component transmits the sliding power to the reaming component through the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar.

[0057] S3: The reaming component operates: The sliding component drives the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar to move in the target direction, pushing the telescopic rod to extend, so that the first cutter head and the second cutter head gradually open, completing the reaming action of the bone cavity; The expansion amplitude of the cutter head is determined by the rotation angle of the handle and the moving distance of the rack, ensuring that the reaming size is controllable and accurate.

[0058] S4: Real-time adjustment of the reaming aperture: During the reaming process, the doctor can adjust the opening amplitude of the cutter head at any time by rotating the handle; The precise sliding mechanism of the telescopic rod enables the cutter head to dynamically adjust the reaming diameter according to the actual situation of the bone cavity, thus avoiding over-reaming or damaging the surrounding tissues.

[0059] S5: Multi-stage reaming for precise machining: During the expansion of the cutter head, due to its adjustability, the reaming diameter can be gradually increased without completing a large-area reaming at one time, thereby reducing the damage to bone tissue, reducing the surgical risk, and improving the surgical effect.

[0060] S6: Complete reaming and withdraw the device: After the reaming is completed, the doctor rotates the operating handle in the reverse direction, so that the sliding component drives the cutter head to contract, and the cutter head returns to the original position; At this time, the reaming device can be smoothly removed from the bone cavity without additionally enlarging the incision, thereby further reducing surgical trauma.

[0061] Before the operation, the doctor makes a preset adjustment to the cutter head of the reaming device according to the initial size of the patient's bone cavity and the target reaming diameter. By adjusting the insertion rod and the chute of the device, it is ensured that the sliding component can be accurately aligned with the rod body, so that the reaming device can maintain high precision during the operation. In addition, the structural design of the insertion rod enables it to be safely and stably inserted into the bone cavity and provides support for subsequent operations, ensuring the accurate positioning of the device during the operation.

[0062] During the reaming process, the doctor rotates the operating handle, and the gear or screw control mechanism in the handle drives the sliding component to slide along the chute of the insertion rod. The sliding component transmits the power of the handle to the reaming component accurately through the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar. This design ensures that the force transmission process is efficient and stable, avoiding inaccurate reaming caused by the offset of the sliding component.

[0063] The sliding component drives the telescopic rod in the reaming component to extend by pushing the connecting rod and resisting the cross bar, causing the first cutter head and the second cutter head to gradually open, and starting to ream the bone cavity. The expansion amplitude of the cutter head is determined by the rotation angle of the handle and the moving distance of the sliding rack, so that the reaming size is controllable. The whole process is precise and flexible, ensuring that unnecessary damage to the surrounding bone tissue will not be caused during the reaming process.

[0064] During the reaming process, the doctor can adjust the opening amplitude of the cutter head at any time by rotating the operating handle. The precise sliding mechanism of the telescopic rod of the device enables the cutter head to dynamically adjust the reaming diameter according to the actual situation of the bone cavity, thus avoiding bone cavity damage caused by excessive reaming. The real-time adjustment function not only improves the operation flexibility, but also significantly reduces the surgical risk.

[0065] In order to reduce the damage to the bone tissue, the device adopts a method of step-by-step reaming. The expansion amplitude of the cutter head can be achieved by gradually increasing the reaming diameter, without the need to complete a large-range reaming at one time. Such a step-by-step reaming method can better protect the bone tissue, reduce intraoperative trauma, improve the precision of reaming at the same time, enable the patient to recover faster after the operation, and the surgical effect is more significant.

[0066] After the reaming is completed, the doctor reversely rotates the operating handle, and the sliding component drives the cutter head to gradually contract to the original position. The retraction design of the cutter head ensures that the device can be smoothly withdrawn from the bone cavity without the need to additionally enlarge the incision, thereby further reducing the surgical trauma. The whole withdrawal process is safe and efficient, ensuring the minimization of the patient's surgical wound and improving the effect and comfort of postoperative recovery.

[0067] I. Specific application fields or related products of the present invention

[0068] The orthopedic reaming device and method for orthopedic surgery of the present invention are mainly applied to the field of orthopedic surgery, especially in surgeries that require precise reaming, such as hip replacement, knee joint repair, bone grafting, and internal fixation of bones. The present invention is applicable to dealing with various situations of bone cavity diameters and irregular shapes, providing a high-precision and low-trauma reaming solution for surgeons. Related products include minimally invasive reaming equipment for orthopedic surgery, intelligent orthopedic surgery assistance devices, and high-precision medical devices for bone cavity repair.

[0069] II. Relevant evidence of the technical effects obtained in the embodiments of the present invention

[0070] 1. Improvement of reaming accuracy

[0071] Through the cooperation of the sliding component and the telescopic rod of the device, a controllable opening amplitude of the cutter head is achieved, ensuring the accuracy of the reaming size. Experiments show that compared with traditional reaming devices, the present invention can reduce the reaming error to ±0.1 mm, effectively improving the surgical accuracy.

[0072] During the reaming process, a multi-stage reaming strategy is adopted to gradually increase the diameter of the bone cavity, avoiding additional damage to bone tissue caused by large-scale reaming at one time. Surgical cases show that after using the reaming device of the present invention, the bone tissue injury rate is reduced by 20%, and the postoperative recovery time of patients is significantly shortened.

[0073] The function of real-time adjusting the opening amplitude of the cutter head, through multiple operation simulations, can dynamically adjust the reaming diameter according to the shape of the bone cavity, avoiding the situation of over-reaming or under-reaming. Experiments show that doctors can flexibly adjust the reaming process to adapt to the actual conditions of the bone cavity.

[0074] Through the rapid contraction design of the cutter head, the device can be safely withdrawn without enlarging the incision after reaming is completed, reducing the postoperative wound area. The surgical simulation results show that the time for withdrawing the device of the present invention is shortened by 30% compared with traditional reaming tools, and the postoperative pain of patients is significantly reduced.

[0075] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery, characterized in that, The device includes: an insertion rod, an operating handle, a sliding assembly, and a hole-expanding assembly; the insertion rod has a through hole and a chute, the operating handle is rotatably connected to the insertion rod, and the sliding assembly and the hole-expanding assembly are respectively slidably connected to the insertion rod; the hole-expanding assembly includes a connecting rod, a resisting cross bar, a fixed rod, a telescopic rod, a first cutter head, and a second cutter head. By rotating the operating handle, the sliding assembly drives the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar to slide along the insertion rod, thereby driving the telescopic rod and the cutter head to expand and contract, realizing the adjustment of the hole-expanding aperture.

2. The orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion rod is a hollow cylindrical structure, with a through hole running through the entire rod body inside for accommodating the sliding assembly and the connecting rod; a chute is provided on the outer surface and is slidably connected to the sliding assembly; the insertion rod is used to penetrate into the bone cavity and serves as a support and guiding component for other components.

3. The orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating handle is rotatably connected to one end of the insertion rod through a shaft pin, and a control mechanism with gears or threads is provided on one side of the handle and is connected to the driving rack or nut of the sliding assembly; by rotating the operating handle, the sliding assembly can be driven to slide along the insertion rod, thereby driving the hole-expanding assembly to act.

4. The orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, wherein The sliding assembly includes a sliding seat and a rack or nut structure. The sliding seat is connected in cooperation with the chute of the insertion rod, the rack meshes with the gear of the operating handle, or is driven and controlled through threads; when the sliding assembly slides along the insertion rod, it drives the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar of the hole-expanding assembly to move synchronously.

5. The orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery according to claim 1, wherein, In the hole-expanding assembly: Connecting rod: Driven by the sliding assembly, it slides along the through hole of the insertion rod and is connected to the resisting cross bar; Resisting cross bar: Horizontally arranged, it stabilizes the position of the cutter head by being hinged to the telescopic rod; Telescopic rod: Connected to the resisting cross bar, it can expand and contract along the cross bar and is used to control the hole-expanding action of the cutter head; First cutter head and second cutter head: Arranged at the end of the telescopic rod, they complete the processing of the bone cavity through their hole-expanding ability, and the size of the cutter head can be adjusted to change the hole-expanding diameter; Fixed rod: Used to stabilize the structure of the hole-expanding assembly and is fixed to the resisting cross bar.

6. An orthopedic reaming method for orthopedic surgery using the orthopedic reaming device for orthopedic surgery as described in claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method specifically includes: S1: Device initialization: Before the operation, the doctor adjusts the initial position and size of the cutter head of the hole-expanding assembly according to the initial size of the bone cavity and the target hole-expanding diameter, and inserts the device into the bone cavity through the insertion rod; the chute of the insertion rod ensures that the sliding assembly is precisely aligned with the rod body during the operation. S2: The operating handle controls the sliding assembly: The doctor rotates the operating handle, and the gear mechanism or thread control mechanism of the handle drives the sliding assembly to slide along the chute of the insertion rod. The sliding assembly transmits the sliding power to the hole-expanding assembly through the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar. S3: Action of the hole-expanding assembly: The sliding assembly drives the connecting rod and the resisting cross bar to move in the target direction, pushing the telescopic rod to extend, causing the first cutter head and the second cutter head to gradually open, completing the hole-expanding action of the bone cavity; the amplitude of the cutter head expansion is determined by the rotation angle of the handle and the moving distance of the rack, ensuring that the hole-expanding size is controllable and precise. S4: Real-time adjustment of the hole-expanding aperture: During the hole-expanding process, the doctor can adjust the opening amplitude of the cutter head at any time by rotating the handle; the precise sliding mechanism of the telescopic rod enables the cutter head to dynamically adjust the hole-expanding diameter according to the actual situation of the bone cavity, thus avoiding over-expansion or damage to the surrounding tissues. S5: Multi-stage reaming for precise machining: During the expansion of the cutter head, due to its adjustability, the reaming diameter can be gradually increased, eliminating the need for large-area reaming in one go. This reduces damage to bone tissue, lowers the surgical risk, and improves the surgical outcome. S6: Completing reaming and withdrawing the device: After reaming is completed, the doctor rotates the operating handle in the reverse direction, causing the sliding component to drive the cutter head to contract and return to its original position. At this point, the reaming device can be smoothly removed from the bone cavity without the need to further enlarge the incision, thereby further reducing surgical trauma.

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