Micro-droplet reaction device with external magnetic field and use method of micro-droplet reaction device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-droplet analysis, in particular to a micro-droplet reaction device with an external magnetic field, which comprises a pneumatic atomization unit, a multistage electromagnetic array unit, a reaction chamber, a magnetic-force coupling detection passage and a central control unit. An inner-layer sample channel of the pneumatic atomization unit is used for conveying a sample, an outer-layer high-pressure gas channel is used for inputting high-pressure gas, a magnetic field generated by an electromagnetic assembly can act in a reaction chamber and interacts with the reaction chamber through the magnetic field, and an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface integrated with a magnetostrictive material is arranged on one side of the reaction chamber. The micro-droplet detection module is used for detecting a signal generated by micro-droplet reaction in the reaction chamber and establishing a relation with the reaction chamber through the detection signal. The central control unit is connected with the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit and the magnetic-force coupling detection path through lines, receives signals of the detection path, controls the magnetic field intensity of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit, forms full-process closed-loop control, ensures accurate reaction and improves the accuracy of an experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of micro-droplet analysis, and in particular to a micro-droplet reaction device with an external magnetic field and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Microdroplet technology has become a key carrier for modern scientific research and industrial applications due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Microdroplets generally refer to droplets with a volume ranging from microliters to nanoliters, which have the characteristics of high specific surface area, fast mass transfer efficiency and closed reaction environment. These characteristics make microdroplets have advantages in many fields: in chemical synthesis, they can effectively improve reaction efficiency; in biological detection, they can help achieve precise detection; in drug controlled release, they can achieve precise delivery of drugs; in the process of material preparation, they can help synthesize materials with special properties. Taking catalytic reactions as an example, microdroplets can significantly increase the contact probability between reactants, thereby greatly shortening the reaction time; in the field of biological analysis, it can be used as an independent reaction unit to efficiently achieve high-throughput single-cell analysis.

[0003] Although microdroplet technology has many advantages, most common microdroplet technologies currently rely on fluid mechanics or electric fields for regulation, and there are still obvious limitations in the precise control of droplet motion paths, reaction dynamics, and environmental interactions. Especially in complex scenarios involving multiphase reactions, directional transport, or dynamic environmental regulation, it is difficult to achieve full-process closed-loop management of the reaction process, which greatly limits its application potential in complex experimental systems. Specifically, the existing technology cannot respond to changes in magnetic fields or temperature, and the adhesion effect between droplets and cavity walls will interfere with the normal progress of the reaction; at the same time, it is difficult to feedback the droplet state in real time and adjust the magnetic field parameters in a linked manner, resulting in control lag, making it difficult for existing technologies to meet the needs of scenarios with high precision requirements such as chemical synthesis path programming and dynamic analysis of biological molecules. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a micro-droplet reaction device with an external magnetic field, comprising: a pneumatic atomization unit, the pneumatic atomization unit comprising a coaxially arranged inner sample channel and an outer high-pressure gas channel, with a conical atomization nozzle formed at the end; a multi-stage electromagnetic array unit, the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit consisting of a plurality of independent electromagnetic components arranged in a ring, each of the electromagnetic components being equipped with a magnetic pole pair with an adjustable spacing; a reaction chamber, the inner wall of the reaction chamber being covered with an intelligent hydrophobic coating having a magnetic field-temperature dual response characteristic; a magnetic-force coupling detection path, comprising an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface with an integrated magnetostrictive material; and a central control unit, coordinating the linkage of magnetic field intensity, droplet motion and detection signals in real time.

[0005] In one embodiment, a honeycomb microporous structure is provided on the magnetic pole surface of each electromagnetic component of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit, and the magnetic field directions of adjacent electromagnetic components are alternately symmetrically distributed.

[0006] In one embodiment, the intelligent hydrophobic coating is composed of magnetic nanoparticles and a temperature-sensitive polymer composite, and the coating surface has a lotus-leaf-like micro-nano hierarchical structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, a magnetostrictive vibration ring is coaxially nested around the ESI interface of the magnetic-force coupling detection path, and a ring-shaped piezoelectric sensing array is provided inside the vibration ring.

[0008] In one embodiment, a high magnetic permeability alloy thin layer is embedded in the pore wall of the honeycomb microporous structure, and there is partial overlap in the magnetic field coverage areas of adjacent electromagnetic components.

[0009] In one embodiment, an acoustic impedance matching gel layer is filled between the magnetostrictive vibration ring and the piezoelectric sensing array.

[0010] In one embodiment, the central control unit includes: a magnetic field-droplet motion mapping database for recording droplet motion characteristics under different magnetic field modes; a self-learning algorithm module for optimizing the magnetic field regulation strategy according to historical data, and the self-learning algorithm module includes a convolutional neural network model, where the input layer receives droplet images, magnetic field intensities, and detection signals, and the output layer generates electromagnetic component regulation instructions.

[0011] A method for using an externally applied magnetic field micro-droplet reaction device includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Initial parameter configuration:

[0013] Set the initial magnetic field intensity, high-pressure gas pressure, and magnetic field-temperature response threshold of the intelligent hydrophobic coating through the central control unit, and load the target reaction path model;

[0014] S2. Micro-droplet generation and magnetization:

[0015] Start the pneumatic atomization unit, the sample solution is transported through the inner sample channel, and the high-pressure gas is ejected from the outer channel; control the droplet size by adjusting the high-pressure gas pressure, and synchronously activate the initial magnetic field of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit;

[0016] S3. Magnetic field-guided directional movement:

[0017] According to the target reaction path model, dynamically adjust the magnetic pole spacing and magnetic field direction of each independent electromagnetic component in the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit to form a gradient magnetic field environment, and drive the micro-droplets to move along a preset three-dimensional path;

[0018] S4. Dynamic wettability regulation:

[0019] Trigger the dynamic adjustment of the hydrophobicity of the intelligent hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the reaction chamber by changing the magnetic field intensity: when the magnetic field is enhanced, the hydrophobicity of the coating is improved to reduce droplet adhesion; when the magnetic field is weakened, the hydrophobicity of the coating is decreased to promote droplet contact and mixing; at the same time, monitor the temperature of the reaction chamber and compensate for the hysteresis effect of magnetic field regulation through the temperature-sensitive characteristics;

[0020] S5. In-situ detection and feedback control:

[0021] Real-time capture of micro-droplet reaction signals through the ESI interface of the magnetic-force coupling detection path: the magnetostrictive material converts the magnetic field fluctuation into a mechanical vibration signal; the ESI interface synchronously converts the ionization information of the reaction product into an electrical signal; the central control unit performs correlation analysis on the vibration signal and the electrical signal to generate a magnetic field intensity correction instruction;

[0022] S6. Closed-loop dynamic optimization:

[0023] Based on the detection results of step S5, the central control unit performs at least one of the following operations: adjust the magnetic field gradient distribution of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit; change the high-pressure gas pressure of the pneumatic atomization unit; trigger the active temperature control module of the intelligent hydrophobic coating to jointly regulate the surface wettability; loop through steps S3 to S6 until the reaction is completed.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] A micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to the present application includes: a pneumatic atomization unit, a multi-stage electromagnetic array unit, a reaction chamber, a magnetic-force coupling detection path, and a central control unit. By setting the electromagnetic components, various magnetic fields with different distributions and intensities can be generated to meet the diverse requirements of different experiments for the magnetic field environment. By changing the current direction, the pole exchange is realized to deeply study the motion characteristics of micro-droplets under different magnetic field conditions. After the pneumatic atomization unit generates micro-droplets, the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit guides the micro-droplets to move along a preset path in the reaction chamber according to the instructions of the central control unit. At the same time, the magnetic field acts on the intelligent hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the reaction chamber to jointly regulate the reaction environment and motion state of the micro-droplets. The magnetic-force coupling detection path monitors the reaction signals in real time and feeds them back to the central control unit, and the central control unit further adjusts the working states of each unit according to the feedback information to form a full-process closed-loop control to ensure the accurate progress of the reaction and improve the accuracy of the experiment. The coordinated work of each unit enables the device to adapt to a variety of complex experimental requirements. Whether it is to study the effects of different magnetic field intensities and frequencies on micro-droplet reactions or to conduct scientific research tasks in different fields (such as chemistry, medicine, materials science, etc.), it can be completed through the coordinated cooperation of each unit, showing strong adaptability and expandability. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the patent structure;

[0027] Explanation of symbols in the figure:

[0028] 1. Pneumatic atomization unit;

[0029] 2. Multi-stage electromagnetic array unit; 21. Electromagnetic component;

[0030] 3. Reaction chamber;

[0031] 4. Magnetic-force coupling detection path;

[0032] 5. Central control unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following further elaborates on this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, a micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field includes:

[0036] A pneumatic atomization unit 1, where the pneumatic atomization unit 1 includes an inner sample channel and an outer high-pressure gas channel arranged coaxially, and a conical atomization nozzle is formed at the end;

[0037] A multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2, where the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 is composed of a plurality of independent electromagnetic components 21 arranged in a ring, and each electromagnetic component 21 is equipped with a pole pair with adjustable spacing;

[0038] A reaction chamber 3, where the inner wall of the reaction chamber 3 is covered with an intelligent hydrophobic coating with magnetic-field-temperature dual-responsive characteristics;

[0039] A magnetic-force coupling detection path 4, including an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface integrated with magnetostrictive material;

[0040] A central control unit 5, which coordinates the linkage of the magnetic field intensity, droplet movement and detection signal in real time.

[0041] Specifically, the inner sample channel of the pneumatic atomization unit 1 is used to transport the sample, and the outer high-pressure gas channel is used to input high-pressure gas. The two are coaxially arranged and form a conical atomization nozzle at the end, surrounding the reaction chamber 3 and arranged in a ring. The magnetic fields generated by multiple independent electromagnetic components 21 can act on the reaction chamber 3 and interact with the reaction chamber 3 through the magnetic field. The electrospray ionization (ESI) interface integrated with magnetostrictive material is arranged on one side of the reaction chamber 3 for detecting the signals generated by the reaction of micro-droplets in the reaction chamber 3 and establishing a connection with the reaction chamber 3 through the detected signals. The central control unit 5 is connected to the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 and the magnetic-force coupling detection path 4 through lines, receives the signals of the detection path, and controls the magnetic field intensity of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2. When the device is running, the sample flows into the inner sample channel of the pneumatic atomization unit 1, and the high-pressure gas sprays out at high speed from the outer high-pressure gas channel. At the conical atomization nozzle, the sample is broken and atomized into micro-droplets under the shearing action of the high-pressure gas and enters the reaction chamber 3. After the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 is powered on, it generates a magnetic field. By adjusting the spacing between the magnetic pole pairs of each electromagnetic component 21, the magnetic field distribution and intensity are changed. Under the action of the magnetic field, the micro-droplets move directionally in the reaction chamber 3 along the set path. The intelligent hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 3 changes its hydrophobic property when the magnetic field and temperature change, affecting the interaction between the micro-droplets and the inner wall, thereby regulating the reaction between micro-droplets and between micro-droplets and the inner wall. For example, under a strong magnetic field, the hydrophobicity of the coating increases and the micro-droplets are not easily attached; the change in temperature also changes the hydrophobicity of the coating, affecting the reaction process. During the reaction of micro-droplets, the electrospray ionization (ESI) interface of the magnetic-force coupling detection path 4 integrated with magnetostrictive material plays a role. The magnetostrictive material deforms under the action of the magnetic field and interacts with the signals generated by the reaction of micro-droplets. The ESI interface converts the ions generated by the reaction into a charged particle stream, generating a detectable electrical signal. The central control unit 5 collects the detection signals in real time, adjusts the magnetic field intensity of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 according to the signals, and indirectly adjusts the working parameters of the pneumatic atomization unit 1 to achieve a full-process closed-loop control of droplet generation, directional movement, reaction regulation, and in-situ detection. In this application, multiple independent electromagnetic components 21 arranged in a ring cooperate with the magnetic pole pairs with adjustable spacing to generate magnetic fields with various different distributions and intensities, meeting the diverse requirements of different experiments for the magnetic field environment. By changing the direction of the current, the magnetic poles are exchanged to deeply study the movement characteristics of micro-droplets under different magnetic field conditions. After the pneumatic atomization unit 1 generates micro-droplets, the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 guides the micro-droplets to move along the preset path in the reaction chamber 3 according to the instructions of the central control unit 5. At the same time, the magnetic field acts on the intelligent hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 3 to jointly regulate the reaction environment and movement state of the micro-droplets.The magnetic-force coupling detection path monitors the reaction signal in real time and feeds it back to the central control unit 5. The central control unit 5 further adjusts the working states of each unit according to the feedback information, forming a full-process closed-loop control to ensure the accurate progress of the reaction and improve the accuracy of the experiment. The coordinated work of each unit enables the device to adapt to a variety of complex experimental requirements. Whether it is to study the effects of different magnetic field intensities and frequencies on the micro-droplet reaction or to perform scientific research tasks in different fields (such as chemistry, medicine, materials science, etc.), it can be completed through the coordinated cooperation of each unit, demonstrating strong adaptability and expandability.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, a honeycomb microporous structure is provided on the magnetic pole surface of each electromagnetic component 21 of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2, and the magnetic field directions of adjacent electromagnetic components 21 are alternately symmetrically distributed.

[0043] Specifically, setting a honeycomb microporous structure on the magnetic pole surface of each electromagnetic component 21 of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 can effectively increase the surface area of the magnetic pole, which helps to enhance the intensity and uniformity of the magnetic field, enabling the magnetic field to act on the micro-droplets in the reaction chamber 3 more stably and powerfully, and enhancing the control effect on the movement of micro-droplets. The magnetic field directions of adjacent electromagnetic components 21 are alternately symmetrically distributed, which can form a more complex and controllable magnetic field distribution pattern in the reaction chamber 3, guiding the micro-droplets to move along the preset path and meeting the diverse requirements of different experiments for the movement trajectories of micro-droplets, so that the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 can better play the role of controlling and regulating the micro-droplet reaction.

[0044] As shown in the figure, the intelligent hydrophobic coating is composed of a composite of magnetic nanoparticles and a temperature-sensitive polymer, and the coating surface has a micro-nano hierarchical structure imitating a lotus leaf.

[0045] Specifically, the addition of magnetic nanoparticles enables the coating to respond to an external magnetic field. When the external magnetic field changes, the magnetic nanoparticles will be affected by the magnetic field force, thereby changing the microscopic structure of the coating and realizing the regulation of the hydrophobicity of the coating to meet the control requirements for the interaction between micro-droplets and the coating surface under different magnetic field conditions. The presence of the temperature-sensitive polymer endows the coating with temperature-responsive characteristics. When the temperature changes, the molecular chain conformation of the temperature-sensitive polymer will change, resulting in a change in the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the coating, so that the behavior of micro-droplets can also be adjusted under the influence of temperature factors. By mimicking the micro-nano hierarchical structure of a lotus leaf, the coating surface can have similar superhydrophobic properties, reducing the adhesion of micro-droplets on the coating surface, enabling the intelligent hydrophobic coating to have magnetic-field-temperature dual-response characteristics and superhydrophobic performance, and being able to more flexibly and effectively regulate the behavior of micro-droplets on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 3, optimize the reaction environment of micro-droplets, and improve the efficiency and controllability of the reaction.

[0046] As Figure 1As shown, a magnetostrictive vibration ring is coaxially nested around the ESI interface of the magneto-force coupling detection path 4, and an annular piezoelectric sensing array is provided inside the vibration ring.

[0047] Specifically, the magnetostrictive vibration ring is coaxially nested around the ESI interface. Utilizing the characteristic that magnetostrictive materials will undergo expansion and contraction deformation under the action of a magnetic field, when the magnetic field change generated by the micro-droplet reaction or the magnetic field generated by the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 acts on the magnetostrictive vibration ring, corresponding vibrations will be generated, converting the magnetic field change into a mechanical vibration signal. The annular piezoelectric sensing array inside the vibration ring can capture the vibration signals generated by the magnetostrictive vibration ring in all directions and efficiently convert them into electrical signals for output. The complex physical and chemical information during the micro-droplet reaction process is accurately and sensitively detected through the conversion process of magnetic field - mechanical vibration - electrical signal, realizing real-time and high-precision monitoring of the micro-droplet reaction.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, a high magnetic permeability alloy thin layer is embedded in the pore wall of the honeycomb microporous structure, and there is partial overlap in the magnetic field coverage areas of adjacent electromagnetic components 21.

[0049] Specifically, a high magnetic permeability alloy thin layer is embedded in the pore wall. The high magnetic permeability alloy has good magnetic conductivity and can effectively guide and concentrate the magnetic field, significantly enhancing the magnetic field intensity at the honeycomb microporous structure, which helps to more precisely control the movement trajectory and behavior of micro-droplets. There is partial overlap in the magnetic field coverage areas of adjacent electromagnetic components 21, which can form a more continuous and uniform magnetic field distribution in the reaction chamber 3, facilitating the smooth transition of micro-droplets between different electromagnetic components 21 and ensuring that micro-droplets can be effectively magnetically controlled throughout the reaction chamber 3. At the same time, the partially overlapping magnetic field coverage areas can further enhance the magnetic field intensity in specific areas through the magnetic field superposition effect.

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, an acoustic impedance matching gel layer is filled between the magnetostrictive vibration ring and the piezoelectric sensing array.

[0051] Specifically, the magnetostrictive vibration ring generates vibrations under the action of a magnetic field, and the vibrations propagate in the form of mechanical waves. The role of the piezoelectric sensing array is to convert the received mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. However, there are different acoustic impedances between the magnetostrictive vibration ring and the piezoelectric sensing array. If they are in direct contact, it will cause reflection and refraction of mechanical waves at the interface between the two, resulting in energy loss and reducing the transmission efficiency of vibration signals. The acoustic impedance matching gel layer can effectively reduce the reflection of mechanical waves at the interface, enabling the vibration energy to be transmitted more smoothly from the magnetostrictive vibration ring to the piezoelectric sensing array, thereby improving the detection accuracy and sensitivity of micro-droplet reaction signals.

[0052] AsFigure 1 As shown in the figure, the central control unit 5 includes: a magnetic field-droplet motion mapping database for recording the droplet motion characteristics under different magnetic field patterns; a self-learning algorithm module for optimizing the magnetic field regulation strategy based on historical data. The self-learning algorithm module includes a convolutional neural network model. The input layer receives droplet images, magnetic field intensities, and detection signals, and the output layer generates electromagnetic component regulation instructions.

[0053] Specifically, the central control unit 5 comprehensively improves the intelligence and precise control level of the micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field. The magnetic field-droplet motion mapping database records the droplet motion characteristics under different magnetic field patterns, providing basic data support for the entire system. It is the basis for the system to understand and analyze the behavior of micro-droplets in different magnetic field environments, facilitating subsequent prediction and regulation of droplet motion. The addition of the self-learning algorithm module endows the system with the ability of self-optimization. By optimizing the magnetic field regulation strategy based on historical data, the device can continuously adapt to different experimental conditions and requirements during long-term operation, gradually improving the experimental effect. The convolutional neural network model is adopted in the self-learning algorithm module. Its input layer receives multi-dimensional information such as droplet images, magnetic field intensities, and detection signals to comprehensively reflect the state of the micro-droplet reaction process. Through in-depth mining and processing by the convolutional neural network model, electromagnetic component regulation instructions are accurately generated at the output layer to achieve precise control of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit, and then effectively guide the micro-droplets to move along the expected trajectory and manner, ensuring efficient and accurate reactions, greatly improving the automation and intelligence level of the entire device, and meeting the needs of complex and variable scientific research experiments.

[0054] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, a switchable multi-stage sorting channel is provided at the outlet of the reaction chamber 3, and an auxiliary micro-electromagnetic coil group linked to the main magnetic field array is embedded in the inner wall of the sorting channel.

[0055] Specifically, the switchable multi-stage sorting channel can provide diversified path selection for the micro-droplets coming out of the reaction chamber 3 to meet the requirements of different experiments for micro-droplet sorting. The auxiliary micro-electromagnetic coil group embedded in the inner wall of the sorting channel and linked to the main magnetic field array works in coordination with the main magnetic field array, which can further precisely control the motion trajectory of the micro-droplets. Through linkage with the main magnetic field array, the auxiliary micro-electromagnetic coil group can adjust the generated magnetic field in real time according to the changes in the main magnetic field and the specific situation of the micro-droplets, exerting a more precise magnetic force on the micro-droplets, thereby achieving more reliable sorting and guidance of the micro-droplets, ensuring that the micro-droplets can accurately enter the corresponding sorting channels, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of sorting.

[0056] A method for using an externally applied magnetic field micro-droplet reaction device includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. Initialize parameter configuration:

[0058] Set the initial magnetic field strength, high-pressure gas pressure, and the magnetic field-temperature response threshold of the intelligent hydrophobic coating through the central control unit 5, and load the target reaction path model;

[0059] S2. Micro-droplet generation and magnetization:

[0060] Start the pneumatic atomization unit 1, the sample solution is transported through the inner sample channel, and the high-pressure gas is ejected from the outer channel; control the droplet size by adjusting the high-pressure gas pressure, and synchronously activate the initial magnetic field of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2;

[0061] S3. Magnetic field-guided directional movement:

[0062] According to the target reaction path model, dynamically adjust the pole pitch and magnetic field direction of each independent electromagnetic component 21 in the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 to form a gradient magnetic field environment, and drive the micro-droplets to move along the preset three-dimensional path;

[0063] S4. Dynamic wettability regulation:

[0064] Trigger the dynamic adjustment of the hydrophobicity of the intelligent hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 3 by changing the magnetic field strength: when the magnetic field increases, the hydrophobicity of the coating increases, reducing droplet adhesion; when the magnetic field weakens, the hydrophobicity of the coating decreases, promoting droplet contact and mixing; at the same time, monitor the temperature of the reaction chamber 3, and compensate for the hysteresis effect of magnetic field regulation through the thermosensitive characteristics;

[0065] S5. In-situ detection and feedback control:

[0066] Real-time capture of the micro-droplet reaction signal through the ESI interface of the magneto-force coupling detection path 4: the magnetostrictive material converts the magnetic field fluctuation into a mechanical vibration signal; the ESI interface synchronously converts the ionization information of the reaction product into an electrical signal; the central control unit 5 performs correlation analysis on the vibration signal and the electrical signal to generate a magnetic field strength correction instruction;

[0067] S6. Closed-loop dynamic optimization:

[0068] Based on the detection results of step S5, the central control unit 5 performs at least one of the following operations: adjust the magnetic field gradient distribution of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2; change the high-pressure gas pressure of the pneumatic atomization unit 1; trigger the active temperature control module of the intelligent hydrophobic coating to synergistically adjust the surface wettability; loop through steps S3 to S6 until the reaction is completed.

[0069] The beneficial effects of this application compared with the prior art:

[0070] A micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to the present application includes: a pneumatic atomization unit 1, a multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2, a reaction chamber 3, a magnetic-force coupling detection path 4, and a central control unit 5. The inner sample channel of the pneumatic atomization unit 1 is used to transport samples, and the outer high-pressure gas channel is used to input high-pressure gas. The magnetic fields generated by multiple independent electromagnetic components 21 can act on the reaction chamber 3 and interact with the reaction chamber 3 through the magnetic field. An electrospray ionization (ESI) interface integrated with magnetostrictive material is arranged on one side of the reaction chamber 3 for detecting signals generated by micro-droplet reactions in the reaction chamber 3 and establishing a connection with the reaction chamber 3 through the detection signals. The central control unit 5 is connected to the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 and the magnetic-force coupling detection path 4 through lines, receives the signals of the detection path, and controls the magnetic field intensity of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2. By setting the electromagnetic components 21, various magnetic fields with different distributions and intensities can be generated to meet the diverse requirements of different experiments for the magnetic field environment. By changing the direction of the current, the pole exchange is realized to deeply study the motion characteristics of micro-droplets under different magnetic field conditions. After the pneumatic atomization unit 1 generates micro-droplets, the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit 2 guides the micro-droplets to move along a preset path in the reaction chamber 3 according to the instructions of the central control unit 5. At the same time, the magnetic field acts on the intelligent hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the reaction chamber 3 to synergistically regulate the reaction environment and motion state of the micro-droplets. The magnetic-force coupling detection path monitors the reaction signals in real time and feeds them back to the central control unit 5. The central control unit 5 further adjusts the working states of each unit according to the feedback information to form a full-process closed-loop control, ensuring the accurate progress of the reaction and improving the accuracy of the experiment. The coordinated work of each unit enables the device to adapt to a variety of complex experimental requirements. Whether it is to study the effects of different magnetic field intensities and frequencies on micro-droplet reactions or scientific research tasks in different fields (such as chemistry, medicine, materials science, etc.), they can all be completed through the coordinated cooperation of each unit, demonstrating strong adaptability and expandability.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can also be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field, characterized in that Comprising: A pneumatic atomization unit (1), the pneumatic atomization unit (1) includes an inner-layer sample channel and an outer-layer high-pressure gas channel arranged coaxially, and a conical atomization nozzle is formed at the end; A multi-stage electromagnetic array unit (2), the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit (2) is composed of a plurality of independent electromagnetic components (21) arranged in a ring, and each of the electromagnetic components (21) is equipped with a pair of magnetic poles with adjustable spacing; A reaction chamber (3), the inner wall of the reaction chamber (3) is covered with an intelligent hydrophobic coating with magnetic-field-temperature dual-response characteristics; A magnetic-force coupling detection path (4), including an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface integrating magnetostrictive materials; A central control unit (5), which coordinates the linkage of magnetic field intensity, droplet movement and detection signals in real time.

2. The micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the electromagnetic components (21) of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit (2) is provided with a honeycomb microporous structure on the magnetic pole surface, and the magnetic field directions of adjacent electromagnetic components (21) are alternately symmetrically distributed.

3. The micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent hydrophobic coating is composed of a composite of magnetic nanoparticles and temperature-sensitive polymers, and the coating surface has a lotus-leaf-like micro-nano hierarchical structure.

4. The micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ESI interface of the magnetic-force coupling detection path (4) is coaxially nested with a magnetostrictive vibration ring on the periphery, and a ring-shaped piezoelectric sensing array is arranged inside the vibration ring.

5. The micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to claim 2, wherein, A high magnetic permeability alloy thin layer is embedded in the pore wall of the honeycomb microporous structure, and there is partial overlap in the magnetic field coverage areas of adjacent electromagnetic components (21).

6. The micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to claim 4, wherein An acoustic impedance matching gel layer is filled between the magnetostrictive vibration ring and the piezoelectric sensing array.

7. The micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit (5) includes: a magnetic field-droplet movement mapping database, which records droplet movement characteristics under different magnetic field modes; A self-learning algorithm module, which optimizes the magnetic field regulation strategy according to historical data. The self-learning algorithm module includes a convolutional neural network model. The input layer receives droplet images, magnetic field intensity, and detection signals, and the output layer generates regulation instructions for the electromagnetic components (21).

8. A method for using a micro-droplet reaction device with an externally applied magnetic field, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Initialize parameter configuration: Set the initial magnetic field intensity, high-pressure gas pressure, and magnetic-field-temperature response threshold of the intelligent hydrophobic coating through the central control unit (5), and load the target reaction path model; S2. Micro-droplet generation and magnetization: Start the pneumatic atomization unit (1), the sample solution is transported through the inner-layer sample channel, and the high-pressure gas is ejected from the outer layer channel; control the droplet size by adjusting the high-pressure gas pressure, and synchronously activate the initial magnetic field of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit (2); S3. Magnetic field-guided directional movement: According to the target reaction path model, dynamically adjust the magnetic pole spacing and magnetic field direction of each independent electromagnetic component (21) in the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit (2) to form a gradient magnetic field environment, and drive the micro-droplets to move along the preset three-dimensional path; S4. Dynamic wettability regulation: Trigger the dynamic adjustment of the hydrophobicity of the intelligent hydrophobic coating on the inner wall of the reaction chamber (3) through the change of the magnetic field intensity: when the magnetic field increases, the hydrophobicity of the coating increases, reducing droplet adhesion; when the magnetic field weakens, the hydrophobicity of the coating decreases, promoting droplet contact and mixing; at the same time, monitor the temperature of the reaction chamber (3), and compensate for the hysteresis effect of magnetic field regulation through the temperature-sensitive characteristics; S5. In-situ detection and feedback control: Real-time capture of micro-droplet reaction signals through the ESI interface of the magnetic-force coupling detection path (4): The magnetostrictive material converts magnetic field fluctuations into mechanical vibration signals; the ESI interface synchronously converts the ionization information of the reaction products into electrical signals; the central control unit (5) performs correlation analysis on the vibration signals and electrical signals to generate a magnetic field strength correction instruction; S6. Closed-loop dynamic optimization: Based on the detection results of step S5, the central control unit (5) performs at least one of the following operations: adjusting the magnetic field gradient distribution of the multi-stage electromagnetic array unit (2); changing the high-pressure gas pressure of the pneumatic atomization unit (1); triggering the active temperature control module of the intelligent hydrophobic coating to synergistically adjust the surface wettability; repeatedly executing steps S3 to S6 until the reaction is completed.

Images