Railway wagon door dismounting and mounting equipment and dismounting and mounting method

Abstract

The invention relates to railway wagon door dismounting and mounting equipment and a dismounting and mounting method. The equipment comprises a moving platform, a walking system, a dismounting and mounting folding arm device, a wagon door electric clamp and a control system. The walking system comprises two steering wheels and two universal supporting wheels, wherein the two steering wheels and the two universal supporting wheels are arranged diagonally. The folding arm dismounting and mounting device comprises a stand column, multiple sections of folding arms and a damping brake mechanism, and the posture of the folding arms can be locked at any angle. The vehicle door electric clamp comprises a clamp frame, an electric telescopic device and a buckle, and clamping and releasing of a vehicle door are achieved through the electric telescopic device. A special material frame is further arranged on the movable platform and used for stacking the disassembled vehicle doors. The disassembling and assembling method comprises the steps of moving the equipment to the position near the vehicle door, operating the folding arm device and the clamp to complete clamping, releasing or connecting, moving and releasing of the vehicle door and the like. According to the device, the operation safety is improved, the labor intensity of workers is relieved, the personnel demand is reduced, the disassembling and stacking functions are integrated, and the device has high reliability and adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle maintenance equipment, and in particular to an auxiliary device and method for disassembling and installing railway freight car doors. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of my country's railway freight volume, the inspection and maintenance tasks of railway freight cars are becoming increasingly heavy. During the inspection and maintenance of freight car bodies, it is often necessary to dismantle and replace doors that cannot be repaired due to damage, deformation, etc.

[0003] At present, the disassembly and assembly of domestic railway freight car doors still relies heavily on traditional manual methods. The site usually uses a beam adjuster (a simple lifting device) in the workshop or a homemade simple steel bar hoist, with steel wire ropes for hanging and moving. This operation method has many problems:

[0004] 1. High safety risk: Truck doors are usually heavy (for example, the clamp load must be ≥150kg as mentioned in the briefing document). When manually disassembling and assembling with simple lifting tools, the doors are prone to shaking or even falling due to improper operation, lifting tool failure or wire rope breakage, posing a serious threat to the personal safety of operators. In particular, for deformed doors, their center of gravity may shift, making them more likely to become unstable during disassembly.

[0005] 2. High labor intensity: During the disassembly and assembly process, manual support, positioning, prying, and knocking of pins are required. Especially when installing a new door, the door posture needs to be precisely controlled, which requires very high labor intensity.

[0006] 3. High staff requirements: Due to the requirements of safety and operational complexity, the traditional method of disassembling and installing a door usually requires 3 to 4 workers to work together, which has high labor costs. In addition, it is difficult to ensure sufficient operators when the current railway system is facing a shortage of personnel.

[0007] 4. Low operating efficiency: The manual operation combined with simple tools has a cumbersome process and is difficult to coordinate. The disassembly and assembly of a single door takes a long time. Generally, it takes about 13 seconds to manually knock and remove the door, and the subsequent transportation and installation processes take even more time, affecting the overall maintenance progress.

[0008] 5. Lack of specialization: Most of the existing tools are general or improvised, lacking optimized design for the characteristics of truck doors, making them inconvenient to operate and difficult to adapt to doors of different types or degrees of deformation.

[0009] Although there are some intelligent and automated auxiliary equipment used in railway vehicle maintenance at home and abroad, such as auxiliary equipment for disassembly and assembly of doors, windows and other parts in the field of locomotive and coach maintenance, these equipment are mainly designed for the structural characteristics of locomotives and coaches, and may not be fully applicable to truck doors with different structures, sizes, weights and working environments. Specialized disassembly and assembly equipment specifically for truck doors that can effectively solve the above-mentioned safety, efficiency and labor intensity problems, and is lightweight and reliable, still needs to be developed.

[0010] Therefore, how to provide a safe, efficient, labor-saving, and easy-to-operate railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment and method to improve existing operating conditions, reduce safety risks, and improve maintenance efficiency has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of low safety, high labor intensity, high personnel requirements and low efficiency in the prior art of railway freight car door disassembly and assembly operations, and to provide a railway freight car door disassembly and assembly device and a corresponding disassembly and assembly method which has a reasonable structure, is safe and convenient to operate, can significantly reduce labor intensity and improve operating efficiency.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a railway freight car door disassembly and assembly device, comprising:

[0013] Mobile platform, used to carry the various components of the trolley and move it within the working area;

[0014] A running system, which is arranged on the mobile platform and is used to drive the mobile platform to move;

[0015] A disassembly and assembly folding arm device is arranged on the mobile platform and is used to hang and move the electric door clamp;

[0016] The electric door clamp is arranged at the end of the disassembly and assembly folding arm device and is used to clamp the railway freight car door;

[0017] The control system is used to control the movement of the running system, the lifting and lowering of the disassembly and assembly folding arm device, and the clamping and releasing of the vehicle door electric clamp.

[0018] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the travel system includes:

[0019] Two steering wheels, diagonally arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform, serving as driving wheels;

[0020] Two universal support wheels are arranged diagonally at the bottom of the mobile platform.

[0021] By adopting a steering wheel system, the mobile platform can achieve flexible omnidirectional movement and precise positioning in a narrow working space, greatly improving the operation convenience and adaptability of the equipment.

[0022] Preferably, the traveling system further includes:

[0023] An operating handle for controlling the traveling direction and speed of the traveling system;

[0024] A storage battery for supplying electrical energy to the traveling system.

[0025] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the disassembly and assembly folding arm device includes:

[0026] A column provided on the mobile platform;

[0027] Multiple folding arms connected to the column, having joints that can rotate in a horizontal plane, and provided with a damping braking mechanism for locking the posture of the folding arms at any angle.

[0028] Preferably, the disassembly and assembly folding arm device further includes: a lifting mechanism for hanging the door electric fixture; the lifting mechanism is installed on the folding arm.

[0029] More preferably, the lifting mechanism includes an electric hoist fixed to the column; the electric hoist hangs the door electric fixture through a wire rope sling. The wire rope connection has a certain flexibility, allowing the door fixture to adjust its posture within a small range, facilitating alignment.

[0030] Preferably, the folding arm is a two-section folding arm structure, including a first arm section hinged to the column and a second arm section hinged to the first arm section; the lifting mechanism is installed on the second arm section or near its end. This folding arm structure has a large working coverage range and flexibility, and can conveniently extend into the door position and perform removal operations.

[0031] Preferably, the damping braking mechanism is provided at the rotating joint of the disassembly and assembly folding arm device, and locks or releases the rotational movement of the boom by changing the friction force. This design enables the boom to reliably maintain its current position after stopping moving, and will not easily displace even when bearing the weight of the door or being accidentally disturbed, ensuring the stability and safety of the operation, and avoiding dangers or alignment difficulties caused by accidental movement of the boom.

[0032] More preferably, the damping braking mechanism includes friction plates and a micro drive device for adjusting the pressure between the friction plates, and adjusts and locks the damping force by changing the pressure through the micro drive device. This method can achieve precise and reliable locking and unlocking control.

[0033] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, a special rack for stacking the disassembled truck doors is further provided on the mobile platform. Placing the disassembled doors directly on the rack carried by the equipment realizes the integration of disassembly and temporary storage, reduces the secondary handling of the doors, improves the operation efficiency, and makes the on-site management more standardized.

[0034] Preferably, the special rack has a multi-layer stacking structure and is provided with a mechanical linkage mechanism. When a layer of doors is placed in place, the mechanical linkage mechanism enables the pallet for carrying the upper layer of doors to automatically adjust its posture, facilitating the placement of the lower layer of doors. This ingenious design utilizes the lever principle, making the multi-layer stacking operation more convenient and fast, and optimizing the storage space.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, the electric door clamp includes: a clamp frame for connecting to the hoisting device; an electric telescopic device disposed on the clamp frame; at least a pair of buckles connected to the electric telescopic device and capable of moving to both sides under the drive of the electric telescopic device for buckling the door slot holes; a control button disposed on the clamp frame for controlling the operation of the electric telescopic device; the electric telescopic device includes: a slider with the buckles fixed thereon; a screw threadedly connected to the slider; a clamping portion provided on the screw; a motor for driving the screw to rotate; a screw fixing block for cooperating with the clamping portion to limit the axial displacement of the screw; the rotational movement of the screw is converted into a linear movement of the slider, and the slider drives the buckles to clamp the door. By driving the screw to rotate through the motor, the rotational movement of the screw is converted into the linear movement of the slider, and the slider drives the buckles to move to both sides, thereby clamping or releasing the door. The screw fixing block can absorb the impact transmitted by the buckles when clamping or releasing the door, protecting the motor from the impact and thus improving the service life and reliability of the electric telescopic device.

[0036] Preferably, the screw is connected to the output end of the motor through a transmission mechanism. In this way, the transmission mechanism can further reduce the impact transmitted to the motor and further enhance the shock resistance of the device.

[0037] More preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a reducer connected to the output end of the motor and a coupling connected between the reducer and the screw. The reducer can reduce the motor speed and increase the torque, and the coupling can compensate for the centering error between the screw and the reducer and further buffer the impact.

[0038] Preferably, a sliding clamp block is arranged on the fixture rack along the movement direction of the buckle. A groove for accommodating the sliding clamp block is arranged on the slider. The cooperation between the groove and the sliding clamp block ensures that the buckle moves in a straight line direction. Through the cooperation between the groove and the sliding clamp block, it is ensured that the slider and the buckle driven by it move precisely in a straight line direction, preventing deflection or jamming during the movement process.

[0039] Preferably, each buckle is independently driven by one of the electric telescopic devices. This design can flexibly adjust the position and clamping force of the buckle according to the specific structure of the car door, and is applicable to more types of car doors.

[0040] Preferably, a sling ring for connecting a hoisting device is arranged on the fixture rack. The sling ring facilitates quickly and conveniently connecting the electric fixture to the steel wire rope or hook of the hoisting equipment.

[0041] Preferably, a handle is further arranged on the fixture rack; the control button is arranged on the handle; one end of the handle is fixedly connected to the fixture rack, and the other end abuts against the outer wall of the car door after the car door is clamped. In this way, it is not only convenient for the operator to control the clamping and releasing of the fixture with one hand, but also can provide additional support or positioning reference.

[0042] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for disassembling and assembling a railway freight car door, which uses the railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment described in the first aspect for operation. The disassembly and assembly method includes the following steps:

[0043] Move the disassembly and assembly equipment to the vicinity of the railway freight car door to be operated;

[0044] Operate the disassembly and assembly folding arm device and the lifting mechanism to move the car door electric fixture to the railway freight car door;

[0045] Start the clamping function of the car door electric fixture to clamp and fix the railway freight car door;

[0046] Adjust the lifting mechanism to make the car door fixture bear part or all of the weight of the freight car door;

[0047] Perform the disconnection operation or connection operation between the car door and the car body;

[0048] Operate the disassembly and assembly folding arm device to move the clamped freight car door away from or closer to the car body;

[0049] According to needs, start the loosening function of the car door fixture to release the freight car door.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments of the present invention, during the disassembly operation, the method further includes:

[0051] After performing the disengagement operation of the car door and the carriage, move the clamped freight car door to the dedicated rack on the mobile platform through the disassembly and assembly folding arm device;

[0052] Place the freight car door on the dedicated rack;

[0053] Activate the release function of the door clamp to release the freight car door.

[0054] The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment and method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0055] 1. Improve operation safety: Through the coordinated action of the electric clamp and the folding arm device, ensure that the car door is always under control during the disassembly process, avoiding the risk of personal injury caused by the car door falling off.

[0056] 2. Reduce the labor intensity of workers: The equipment assists in bearing the weight of the car door, and workers no longer need to support the car door by physical strength, significantly reducing the labor intensity and the fatigue degree of workers.

[0057] 3. Reduce the personnel requirement: The design of the equipment enables the disassembly operation to be completed by a single person, and only two people are required for the installation operation. Compared with the traditional operation method that requires 3 - 4 people, the personnel requirement is significantly reduced.

[0058] 4. Integrate the disassembly and stacking functions: The dedicated rack configured on the equipment can directly store the disassembled car doors, avoiding secondary handling and improving the operation efficiency.

[0059] 5. High reliability: The damping braking mechanism ensures that the folding arm can be locked in any posture to prevent the accidental movement of the car door; the electric clamp uses an electric telescopic mechanism to achieve reliable clamping, ensuring stable and safe operation.

[0060] 6. Strong adaptability: The equipment can handle car doors in various states, including severely deformed car doors, expanding the scope of use; at the same time, its compact design enables it to operate flexibly in a limited space.

[0061] In summary, the present invention effectively solves the problems of safety risks, high labor intensity, and large personnel requirement in the disassembly and assembly process of railway freight car doors in the prior art, and provides a safe, efficient, and labor-saving solution for the disassembly and assembly of railway freight car doors. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. These drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 1It is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0064] Figure 2 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0065] Figure 3 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the mobile platform provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0066] Figure 4 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the mobile platform provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 , in which some structures are hidden;

[0067] Figure 5 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the disassembly and assembly folding arm device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 6 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the door electric fixture provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 7 It is a front view schematic diagram of the door electric fixture provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the fixture frame is not shown in the figure;

[0070] Figure 8 It is an explosion schematic diagram of the electric telescopic device of the door electric fixture provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 9 It is a flowchart of the disassembly and assembly method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 10 It is a partial cross-sectional view schematic diagram of the micro drive device in the disassembly and assembly folding arm device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0073] The technical solutions (including the preferred technical solutions) of the present invention will be further described in detail below by way of the accompanying drawings and by listing some alternative embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Embodiment 1

[0075] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a disassembly and assembly device for railway freight car doors, including: a mobile platform 1, a running system 2, a disassembly and assembly folding arm device 3, a door electric fixture 4, and a control system 5. This device is mainly used to assist in the disassembly and assembly of railway freight car doors, which can ensure operation safety, effectively reduce the labor intensity of operators, and improve work efficiency.

[0076] The mobile platform 1 is used to carry each component of the device and move within the operation area. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the size of the mobile platform 1 is designed to be no more than 1800 mm in length, no more than 1200 mm in width, and the height is determined according to the requirements of the overall machine stability. Components such as a tool box 12 and an obstacle removal plate 13 are configured on the platform 1. The platform 1 has sufficient load-bearing capacity and can carry a load of no less than 1.5 tons.

[0077] The running system 2 is arranged on the mobile platform 1 and is used to drive the mobile platform 1 to move. The running system 2 includes: two steering wheels 21, which are diagonally arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform 1 and serve as driving wheels; two universal support wheels 22, which are diagonally arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform 1 and are used to support the platform. The diameter of the steering wheel 21 is 250 mm, and the material is polyurethane solid rubber coating to ensure that the platform can pass over the rail smoothly. The running system 2 also includes: an operation handle 23, which is used to control the traveling direction and speed of the running system 2; a storage battery 24, which is used to provide electrical energy for the running system 2. The storage battery 24 is a 48V lithium battery with a capacity of 100AH and can support the device to run continuously for 4 hours under full load working conditions.

[0078] The control mode of the running system 2 is divided into three types: push mode, cross-move mode, and follow mode. The push mode and cross-move mode are completed through the operation handle 23, and the follow mode adopts UMB sensing technology. By wearing a follow bracelet tag, the dual-steering wheel platform actively follows the bracelet tag to move. The system receives the bracelet tag signal through PDOA, obtains distance and angle data, and then controls the steering of the steering wheel to move through PLC algorithm. The traveling speed can be set to 0 - 5 km / h, and the minimum turning radius is 1800 mm.

[0079] The disassembly and assembly folding arm device 3 is arranged on the mobile platform 1 and is used to hang and move the door electric fixture 4. As Figure 5 shown, the disassembly and assembly folding arm device 3 includes: a column 31, which is fixed on the mobile platform 1; a two-section folding arm 32, which is connected to the column 31 and has a joint that can rotate in the horizontal plane to cover the operation area; a damping braking mechanism 33, which is used to lock the posture of the folding arm at any angle.

[0080] The damping braking mechanism 33 is arranged at the rotating joint of the dismounting and folding boom device 3, and locks or releases the rotational movement of the boom by changing the magnitude of the frictional force. Specifically, the damping braking mechanism 33 includes friction plates 331 and a micro drive device for adjusting the pressure between the friction plates 331. By controlling the extending length of the micro jacking motor, the pressure of the friction plates 331 is changed, so as to achieve the purpose of locking the folding boom in any state and avoid weightless displacement when there is a slope or skew during hoisting.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 10 shown, in this embodiment, the micro drive device includes a micro drive mounting seat 332 hoisted on the folding boom 32, a friction head 333 mounted on the micro drive mounting seat 332, and an adjusting nut 334 mounted on the micro drive mounting seat 332. The adjusting nut 334 is threadedly connected to the micro drive mounting seat 332 and is located below the friction head 333. By adjusting the feed amount of the adjusting nut 334, the pressure between the friction head 333 and the friction plates 331 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the damping between the folding booms 32. Preferably, an elastic member 335, generally a disc spring, is shown between the adjusting nut 334 and the friction head 333.

[0082] The dismounting and folding boom device 3 further includes a lifting mechanism 34 for hanging the electric door clamp 4. The lifting mechanism 34 includes an electric hoist 341 fixed on the column 31. The power of the electric hoist 341 is 0.75 kW. By means of hoisting, the length of the steel wire rope 342 is controlled, so as to adjust the height of the electric door clamp 4. The steel wire rope 342 has a certain flexibility, allowing the door clamp 4 to adjust its posture within a small range, which is convenient for alignment.

[0083] The electric door clamp 4 is arranged at the end of the dismounting and folding boom device 3 and is used for clamping the railway freight car door. As Figures 6 to 8 shown, the electric door clamp 4 includes: a clamp frame 41 for connecting the hoisting device; an electric telescopic device 42 arranged on the clamp frame 41; a buckle 43 connected to the electric telescopic device 42 and capable of moving to both sides under the drive of the electric telescopic device 42 for buckling the door slot; and a control button 44 arranged on the clamp frame 41 for controlling the operation of the electric telescopic device 42.

[0084] The electric telescopic device 42 includes: a slider 421, on which the buckle 43 is fixed; a screw rod 422 threadedly connected to the slider 421; a motor 423 for driving the screw rod 422 to rotate; and a screw rod fixing block 424 cooperating with the clamping portion 427 on the screw rod 422 to limit the axial displacement of the screw rod 422. By driving the screw rod 422 to rotate by the motor 423, the rotational movement of the screw rod 422 is converted into the linear movement of the slider 421, and the slider 421 drives the buckle 43 to move to both sides, so as to realize the clamping or releasing of the door.

[0085] To improve the durability and reliability of the electric telescopic device 42, the screw rod 422 is connected to the output end of the motor 423 through a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a speed reducer 425 connected to the output end of the motor 423 and a coupling connected between the speed reducer and the screw rod 422. The speed reducer can reduce the speed of the motor 423 and increase the torque, and the coupling can compensate for the alignment error between the screw rod 422 and the speed reducer and further buffer the impact.

[0086] A sliding clamp block 428 is arranged on the fixture rack 41 along the moving direction of the buckle 43. A groove 429 for accommodating the sliding clamp block is arranged on the slider 421. The cooperation of the groove 429 and the sliding clamp block 428 ensures that the buckle 43 moves in a straight line direction. In addition, a lifting ring 45 for connecting a hoisting device is arranged on the fixture rack 41, which is convenient for quickly connecting the electric fixture 4 to the steel wire rope 342 or the hook.

[0087] A handle 46 is also arranged on the fixture rack 41; the control button 44 is arranged on the handle 46; one end of the handle 46 is fixedly connected to the fixture rack 41, and the other end abuts against the outer wall of the vehicle door after the vehicle door is clamped. Such a design not only facilitates the operator to control the clamping and releasing of the fixture with one hand, but also provides additional support or positioning reference.

[0088] A special material rack 6 for stacking the disassembled freight car doors is also arranged on the mobile platform 1. The size of the special material rack 6 is 1430mm×1320mm×790mm, and it adopts a modular structure. One material rack can stack 6 doors. The special material rack 6 is formed by welding high-strength steel sections, has a multi-layer stacking structure, and is provided with a mechanical linkage mechanism. When a layer of vehicle doors is placed in place, the mechanical linkage mechanism automatically adjusts the posture of the pallet for carrying the upper layer of vehicle doors, facilitating the placement of the lower layer of vehicle doors. Specifically, through the lever principle, each time a layer is placed, the pallet of the upper layer can be leveled until 6 vehicle doors are filled. The special material rack 6 can be designed with reference to the Chinese patent "A roof trolley shared by multiple vehicle models", publication number CN218085803U.

[0089] The control system 5 is used to control the movement of the traveling system 2, the lifting of the disassembly and assembly folding arm device 3, and the clamping and releasing of the vehicle door electric fixture 4. The control system 5 uses a PLC controller to ensure the stability and reliability of the system. The control system 5 is provided with perfect self-locking and interlocking protection functions, has functions such as overload protection and power-off protection, and issues an alarm signal when the load is exceeded and the power is insufficient.

[0090] Embodiment 2

[0091] This embodiment provides a method for disassembling and assembling a railway freight car door, and uses the railway freight car door disassembling and assembling equipment described in Embodiment 1 for operation. As Figure 9 shown, the disassembly and assembly method includes the following steps:

[0092] Step S1: Move the disassembly and assembly equipment to near the railway freight car door to be operated, about 550 mm away from the door;

[0093] Step S2: Operate the disassembly and assembly folding arm device 3 and the lifting mechanism 34 to move the door electric fixture 4 to the railway freight car door;

[0094] Step S3: Activate the clamping function of the door electric fixture 4 to clamp and fix the railway freight car door;

[0095] Step S4: Adjust the lifting mechanism 34 so that the door fixture 4 bears part or all of the weight of the freight car door;

[0096] Step S5: Perform the disengagement operation or connection operation between the door and the car body;

[0097] During disassembly: Manually use tools to knock out the pin until it falls off, and then pry open the bottom buckle;

[0098] During installation: Lean the upper part of the door against the pin ear of the car body, adjust the hole positions to align and insert the pin shaft, and then fasten the buckle;

[0099] Step S6: Operate the disassembly and assembly folding arm device 3 to move the clamped freight car door away from or closer to the car body;

[0100] Step S7: According to needs, activate the release function of the door fixture 4 to release the freight car door.

[0101] During the disassembly operation, the following steps are also included:

[0102] Step S8: After performing the disengagement operation between the door and the car body, move the clamped freight car door to the special material rack 6 on the moving platform 1 through the disassembly and assembly folding arm device 3;

[0103] Step S9: Place the freight car door on the special material rack 6;

[0104] Step S10: Activate the release function of the door fixture 4 to release the freight car door;

[0105] Step S11: After completing the disassembly of all 6 doors, use a forklift to transport the special material rack 6 full of doors to the designated position and replace it with a new empty material rack.

[0106] Embodiment 3

[0107] This embodiment is a further improvement of Embodiment 1, mainly optimizing the control of the running system 2.

[0108] In this embodiment, the following mode of the running system 2 adopts a more advanced sensing technology. The system uses the method of fusing a laser navigation sensor and an infrared distance sensor to improve the following accuracy and stability. The laser navigation sensor is used to accurately locate the position of the tag worn by the operator, and the infrared distance sensor is used for short-range anti-collision protection.

[0109] In addition, the running system 2 also adds an automatic obstacle avoidance function. During the forward movement, if an obstacle is detected, the system will automatically decelerate and completely stop when necessary until the obstacle is removed or manually intervened by the operator. This function is achieved by the cooperation of ultrasonic sensors and vision sensors, greatly improving the safety of the equipment in a complex environment.

[0110] The running system 2 also newly adds a positioning memory function. The operator can store specific working positions in the system through the control panel. When needed, through the one-key call function, the equipment can automatically move to the preset position, further improving the working efficiency.

[0111] In terms of power management, this embodiment adopts an intelligent power management system, which dynamically adjusts the motor power output according to the current load and working status, maximizing the battery life while ensuring performance. At the same time, the system will automatically adjust the maximum speed and acceleration according to the power status to ensure that the operation task can be safely completed even in a low-power state.

[0112] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, combinations, substitutions, improvements, etc. made under the spirit and principle of the present invention are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway freight car door disassembly and assembly device, characterized in that, Comprising: A mobile platform for carrying various components of the cart and moving within the operation area; A running system provided on the mobile platform for driving the movement of the mobile platform; A disassembly and folding boom device provided on the mobile platform for hanging and moving the electric door fixture; An electric door fixture provided at the end of the disassembly and folding boom device for clamping the railway freight car door; A control system for controlling the movement of the running system, the lifting of the disassembly and folding boom device, and the clamping and releasing of the electric door fixture.

2. The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The running system includes: Two steering wheels diagonally arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform and serving as drive wheels; Two universal support wheels diagonally arranged at the bottom of the mobile platform; An operation handle for controlling the traveling direction and speed of the running system; A storage battery for providing electrical energy to the running system.

3. The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disassembly and folding boom device includes: A column provided on the mobile platform; Multiple folding booms connected to the column, having joints that can rotate in the horizontal plane, and provided with a damping braking mechanism for locking the posture of the folding boom at any angle; A lifting mechanism installed on the folding boom for hanging the electric door fixture.

4. The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 3, wherein: The lifting mechanism includes an electric hoist fixed to the column; the electric hoist hangs the electric door fixture through a wire rope sling.

5. The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment according to claim 3, wherein The folding boom is of a two-section folding boom structure, including a first arm section hinged to the column and a second arm section hinged to the first arm section; the lifting mechanism is installed on the second arm section or near its end.

6. The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The damping braking mechanism is provided at the rotary joint of the disassembly and folding boom device, and locks or releases the rotational movement of the boom by changing the friction force; the damping braking mechanism includes friction plates and a micro drive device for adjusting the pressure between the friction plates, and the damping force is adjusted and locked by changing the pressure through the micro drive device.

7. The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A special material rack for stacking the disassembled freight car doors is also provided on the mobile platform.

8. The railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric door fixture includes: A fixture frame for connecting the hoisting device; An electric telescopic device provided on the fixture frame; At least a pair of buckles connected to the electric telescopic device and capable of moving to both sides under the drive of the electric telescopic device for buckling the door slot holes; Control buttons provided on the fixture frame for controlling the operation of the electric telescopic device; The electric telescopic device includes: A slider with the buckle fixed thereon; A screw threadedly connected to the slider; a clamping portion is provided on the screw; A motor for driving the screw to rotate; A screw fixing block that cooperates with the clamping portion to limit the axial displacement of the screw; The rotational movement of the screw is converted into a linear movement of the slider, and the slider drives the buckle to clamp the door tightly.

9. A method for disassembling and assembling the door of a railway freight car, characterized in that, Using the railway freight car door disassembly and assembly equipment described in any one of claims 1 to 8 for operation, the disassembly and assembly method includes the following steps: Moving the disassembly and assembly equipment to the vicinity of the railway freight car door to be operated; Operating the disassembly and folding boom device and the lifting mechanism to move the electric door fixture to the railway freight car door; Starting the clamping function of the electric door fixture to clamp and fix the railway freight car door; Adjust the lifting mechanism so that the door fixture bears part or all of the weight of the truck door; Perform the disengagement or connection operation between the door and the carriage; Operate the disassembly and assembly folding arm device to move the clamped truck door away from or closer to the carriage; As required, activate the release function of the door fixture to release the truck door.

10. The disassembly and assembly method according to claim 9, characterized in that During the disassembly operation, the disassembly method further includes: After performing the disengagement operation between the door and the carriage, move the clamped truck door to the special rack on the moving platform through the disassembly and assembly folding arm device; Place the truck door on the special rack; Activate the release function of the door fixture to release the truck door.

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