Manufacturing method of base plate for outer wall of spherical end socket

Abstract

The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a spherical end socket outer wall base plate. The manufacturing method comprises the steps that parameters of a to-be-manufactured base plate are obtained; according to the parameters of the base plate, a mold corresponding to the base plate is manufactured, the mold comprises an upper tire mold and a lower tire mold, and the upper tire mold and the lower tire mold are each formed by combining a plurality of steel plates; and a to-be-machined plate is pressed and formed into the base plate through the mold. According to the technical scheme, the production cost of the spherical end socket outer wall base plate can be reduced, the production flexibility is improved, the manufacturing period is shortened, and the service life of a mold is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of pressure vessel fittings, and more specifically, the present disclosure relates to a manufacturing method for a backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head. Background Art

[0002] A backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head is a metal backing plate installed on the outer wall of a spherical head. Its shape is designed according to the local shape of the spherical head and installation requirements, and is generally circular or arc-shaped to fit the outer surface of the head. The backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head is an indispensable component in various pressure vessels, chemical storage tanks and other equipment. It can effectively disperse the stress at the connection between the head and other components, improving the safety and stability of the equipment.

[0003] Currently, there are many problems in the traditional manufacturing method for the backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head. First, for traditional mold production, special mold steel materials need to be customized. The cost of a set of molds can range from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yuan, and the processing cost is high. Second, during the product R & D stage or small batch production, the product specifications may change frequently. Once the traditional mold is made, it is difficult and costly to modify, and the production flexibility is poor. Third, from the design to the completion of processing of the traditional mold, it may take several weeks or even months, and the production cycle is long. Finally, internal stress is easily generated during the manufacturing process of the traditional mold, especially after casting or machining, resulting in a shortened service life of the mold.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the production cost of the backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head, improve production flexibility, shorten the production cycle, and extend the service life of the mold is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a manufacturing method for a backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head to reduce the production cost of the backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head, improve production flexibility, shorten the production cycle, and extend the service life of the mold.

[0006] Specifically, the present disclosure provides a manufacturing method for a backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head, including: obtaining parameters of the backing plate to be manufactured, where the parameters include at least one of the shape, size, spherical radius, forming thickness, material type, and forming accuracy of the backing plate; making a mold corresponding to the backing plate according to the parameters of the backing plate, where the mold includes an upper die mold and a lower die mold, and the upper die mold and the lower die mold are respectively formed by combining a plurality of steel plates; and using the mold to press a to-be-processed plate into the backing plate.

[0007] Optionally, fabricating the mold corresponding to the backing plate according to the parameters of the backing plate further includes: determining the number and spacing of the steel plates constituting the mold according to the size and forming accuracy of the backing plate; calculating the angle and radius of curvature of each steel plate according to the ball radius and forming thickness of the backing plate; and pre-bending the steel plate material according to the calculated radius of curvature of the steel plate to process the steel plate material into a steel plate; assembling the steel plates into the mold.

[0008] Optionally, calculating the angle of each steel plate according to the ball radius and forming thickness of the backing plate further includes: determining the radius of the sphere where the upper mold and the lower mold are located according to the ball radius and forming thickness of the backing plate; and calculating the angle and radius of curvature of each steel plate by the following formula according to the radius of the sphere:

[0009] θ = arccos(z / R), r = R

[0010] where R is the radius of the sphere where the upper mold or the lower mold to which the steel plate belongs is located. A spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the center of the sphere as the origin and the vertical direction as the Z-axis. z is the coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction, θ is the angle between the line connecting the position of the steel plate and the center of the sphere and the Z-axis, and r is the radius of curvature of the steel plate.

[0011] Optionally, the coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction is calculated in the following manner: dividing the sphere where the upper mold or the lower mold to which the steel plate belongs into multiple layers along the Z-axis direction, and each layer corresponds to a different z value; and using the z value corresponding to the layer where the steel plate is located as the coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction.

[0012] Optionally, assembling the steel plates into the mold further includes: evenly distributing the steel plates included in the upper mold or the lower mold along the spherical arc surface with the center of the sphere where the upper mold or the lower mold to which the steel plate belongs as the center; measuring the position and angle of the steel plate in real time; and assembling the steel plates into the upper mold and the lower mold according to the position and angle of the steel plate.

[0013] Optionally, the step of using the mold to press the plate to be processed into the backing plate further includes: setting the operating parameters of the hydraulic press according to the parameters of the plate to be processed, where the parameters of the plate to be processed include at least one of the shape, size, forming thickness, material type, and forming accuracy of the backing plate, and the operating parameters of the hydraulic press include at least one of the tonnage, pressure, and stroke of the hydraulic press; installing the upper die and the lower die on the hydraulic press so that the steel plates of the upper die and the lower die correspond one by one to form a plurality of pairs of steel plates, and the two steel plates of each pair of steel plates are aligned with each other; placing the plate to be processed on the lower die; and starting the hydraulic press to perform a pressing operation according to the operating parameters of the hydraulic press to press the plate to be processed into the backing plate.

[0014] Optionally, before placing the plate to be processed on the lower die, it further includes: preprocessing the plate to be processed, where the preprocessing includes at least one of cutting, grinding, cleaning, rust removal, chamfering, or passivation treatment.

[0015] Optionally, the number of steel plates of the mold is positively correlated with the size and forming accuracy of the backing plate.

[0016] Optionally, the size of the gap is positively correlated with the stress between the steel plates and negatively correlated with the number of steel plates.

[0017] Optionally, the steel plate is at least one of a carbon steel plate, a stainless steel plate, or a corrosion-resistant alloy steel plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the spherical head outer wall backing plate provided by the present disclosure has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Cost advantage: The manufacturing method of the spherical head outer wall backing plate of the present disclosure uses several steel plates to simulate the mold, and the steel plates can be reused to a certain extent. The single production cost is mainly the procurement and processing costs of the steel plates, and the cost can be reduced by 50-80% compared with the traditional mold cost.

[0020] 2. High flexibility: The manufacturing method of the spherical head outer wall backing plate of the present disclosure uses steel plates to simulate the mold, and the parameters such as the number, angle, and interval of the steel plates can be quickly adjusted according to the design change to adapt to the production of spherical head outer wall backing plates of different specifications and improve the production flexibility.

[0021] 3. Shortened production cycle: The manufacturing method of the spherical head outer wall backing plate of the present disclosure uses steel plates to simulate the mold. From material preparation to assembly completion, it generally only takes several days to one week, greatly shortening the production cycle and being able to quickly respond to production requirements, especially suitable for emergency orders or projects with high requirements for delivery dates.

[0022] 4. Extend the service life of the mold: In the manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head of the present disclosure, a mold with a modular structure is used. Since there is a gap reserved between the mold steel plates, the stress concentration caused by material expansion or contraction during pressing is reduced. The stress concentration area can be dispersed by adjusting the gap, and stress relief is easier, thus extending the service life of the mold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described and described according to the following drawings. These drawings are only used to more conveniently and specifically describe the embodiments of the present disclosure rather than limit the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 2 is a flowchart of manufacturing a mold according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 3 is a flowchart of processing the backing plate using the mold according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship between the spherical head and the backing plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of simulating the mold using steel plates according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic layout diagram of the upper die mold and the lower die mold according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0030] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an assembly schematic diagram of one pair of steel plates. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the specific embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the drawings. These embodiments are provided only by way of example. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are also within the scope protected by the present disclosure.

[0032] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0033] In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "couple", "fix", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0034] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a manufacturing method for an outer wall backing plate of a spherical head. Figures 1 to 3 It is a flowchart of the manufacturing method for the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head. The manufacturing method for the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head is suitable for manufacturing a backing plate for the outer wall of the spherical head. This method realizes the low-cost and high-precision manufacturing of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head by using the discrete spherical surface fitting technology and replacing the traditional integral mold with a modular steel plate combination. Each step will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0035] Figures 4 to 7 It is a schematic diagram of a specific implementation scenario. As Figure 4 shown, the backing plate is annular and covers the spherical head. In other embodiments, according to specific engineering needs, the manufacturing method for the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head in the present disclosure can also be used to manufacture backing plates of other shapes, and the present application does not make special restrictions on this.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the manufacturing method for the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head includes steps S110, S120, and S130.

[0037] S110: Obtain the parameters of the backing plate to be manufactured.

[0038] As an example, the parameters include at least one of the shape, size, ball radius, forming thickness, material type, and forming accuracy of the backing plate. In other embodiments, the parameters may further include other types of parameters, including but not limited to, material property parameters such as the elongation, hardness, and thermal expansion coefficient of the backing plate to be manufactured, forming process parameters such as the pressing temperature and draft angle, surface treatment parameters such as the roughness and surface hardness, environmental adaptability parameters such as the operating temperature range and medium compatibility, and manufacturing tolerance parameters such as flatness and roundness, so as to provide a more comprehensive data basis for subsequent process design. The parameters can be obtained by means such as CAD modeling, sample scanning and reconstruction, finite element analysis, and three-dimensional laser scanning.

[0039] S120: Fabricate a mold corresponding to the backing plate according to the parameters of the backing plate.

[0040] Wherein the mold includes an upper mold and a lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively formed by combining a plurality of steel plates. Conventional molds are of an integral structure and need to directly form a complete spherical surface through casting or machining, and cannot be disassembled and adjusted, nor can components be added or reduced according to size changes. In contrast, as Figures 5 to 7 shown, the mold of the present application is composed of a combination of multiple pre-bent steel plates, and by calculating the angles and curvatures of each steel plate, the approximation of discrete units to a continuous spherical surface is realized. In Figures 5 to 7 the application example, the mold of the present application includes an upper mold composed of 7 layers (layer 2-0 to layer 2-6) of steel plates and a lower mold composed of 7 layers (layer 1-0 to layer 1-6) of steel plates. The upper mold and the lower mold correspond layer by layer, and each layer is composed of several steel plates, forming an expandable modular system. In other embodiments, in order to achieve more accurate simulation, the mold of the present application may include more layers of steel plates, but the cost will increase accordingly. It may also include fewer layers of steel plates to achieve a balance between accuracy and cost. The present application does not particularly limit the number of layers of steel plates. In addition, in other embodiments, the upper mold and the lower mold may not correspond layer by layer, that is, the number of layers of the upper mold and the lower mold may be different, and the present application does not particularly limit this.

[0041] In addition, conventional molds use custom mold steels (such as H13, P20), and the material cost accounts for more than 60% of the total cost. The steel plates of the present invention can be at least one of carbon steel plates, stainless steel plates, or corrosion-resistant alloy steel plates, that is, ordinary carbon steel / stainless steel plates (such as Q235B, 316L) are used, and the cost is only 1 / 5 - 1 / 10 of that of mold steel, greatly reducing the production cost.

[0042] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the process of fabricating the mold in step S120 includes the following steps S1201 to S1204.

[0043] S1201: Determine the number and spacing of the steel plates that make up the mold according to the size and forming accuracy of the backing plate.

[0044] In this step, through discrete spherical fitting, determine the minimum number of mold steel plates that can meet the size and accuracy requirements of the backing plate. The purpose is to decompose the continuous spherical surface into discrete plane elements, improve the surface fitting accuracy by increasing the number of elements, and control the manufacturing cost at the same time.

[0045] The number of steel plates of the mold is positively correlated with the size and forming accuracy of the backing plate. That is, the larger the size of the backing plate and the higher the forming accuracy, the more steel plates of the mold, so as to achieve a finer discrete fitting of the spherical surface. The size of the spacing is positively correlated with the stress between the steel plates and negatively correlated with the number of steel plates. The steel plate spacing is determined according to the design accuracy requirements of the backing plate. Generally speaking, the more steel plates, the smaller the spacing, and the closer the simulation effect is to the real mold, but the processing cost will increase. The size of the spacing is also related to the stress between the steel plates. The mold of the present application evenly transmits pressure through layered steel plates, and stress will be generated between the steel plates. The smaller the spacing between the steel plates, the greater the stress. Therefore, in order to control the stress within a suitable size, the spacing between the steel plates should be reasonably set. An initial spacing value d, such as 5 - 10 cm, can be set first, and then fine-tuned according to the actual simulation effect. In Figures 5 to 7 In the application example, the upper mold of the present application includes 7 layers of steel plates, the lower mold includes 7 layers of steel plates, each layer includes 2 - 4 steel plates, and the layer spacing is 3.5 cm. In other embodiments, according to the size and forming accuracy of the backing plate or other engineering needs, the number of layers, number and spacing of the steel plates can be set to other values, and the present application does not make special restrictions on this.

[0046] S1202: Calculate the angle and radius of curvature of each steel plate according to the spherical radius and forming thickness of the backing plate.

[0047] In this step S1202, through spherical coordinate transformation and differential geometry theory, decompose the continuous spherical surface into discrete steel plate elements, calculate the angle θ and radius of curvature r of each steel plate to ensure that their combination can approximate the target spherical surface. The purpose is to convert the position of any point on the spherical surface into spherical coordinate parameters and deduce the local curvature characteristics of this point.

[0048] Specifically, step S1202 includes: determining the radius of the sphere where the upper mold and the lower mold are located respectively according to the spherical radius and forming thickness of the backing plate; according to the radius of the sphere, calculate the angle and radius of curvature of each steel plate through the following formula: θ = arccos(z / R), r = R

[0049] Among them, R is the radius of the sphere where the upper or lower tire mold to which the steel plate belongs is located. Taking the center of the sphere as the origin and the vertical direction as the Z-axis, a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established. z is the coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction, θ is the angle between the line connecting the position of the steel plate and the center of the sphere and the Z-axis, and r is the radius of curvature of the steel plate.

[0050] The coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction is calculated as follows: The sphere where the upper or lower tire mold to which the steel plate belongs is divided into multiple layers along the Z-axis direction, and each layer corresponds to a different z value; the z value corresponding to the layer where the steel plate is located is used as the coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction. By changing the z value, the angle of each steel plate can be adjusted to fit the spherical arc surface.

[0051] As an example, taking the center of the sphere as the origin O and the vertical direction as the Z-axis, a right-handed rectangular coordinate system is established. The spherical surface is equally divided into n layers along the Z-axis, and the interval of each layer is Δz = R / (n / 2). Then the Z-axis coordinate of the kth layer starting from the top is z k = R - k·Δz (k = 0, 1, 2,..., n - 1), where R is the radius of the sphere (the radius of the sphere where the upper and lower tire molds are located). θ is the angle with the Z-axis (0° ≤ θ ≤ 180°). When calculating the radius of the sphere where the upper and lower tire molds are located, assuming the radius of the backing plate sphere is R_0 and the forming thickness of the backing plate is t, then the radius of the upper tire mold R_upper = R_0 + t, and the radius of the lower tire mold R_lower = R_0 – t.

[0052] S1203: According to the calculated radius of curvature of the steel plate, pre-bend the steel plate material to process the steel plate material into a steel plate.

[0053] In this step, to make the steel plate adapt to the spherical arc surface shape, the flat steel plate material is processed into an arc-shaped steel plate with a specific radius of curvature by a numerically controlled plate bending machine to meet the surface fitting requirements of mold assembly. The steel plate is bent by the numerically controlled plate bending machine according to the calculated radius of curvature, so that each steel plate can better fit the spherical arc surface after installation. Optionally, after the flat steel plate material is processed into an arc-shaped steel plate by the numerically controlled plate bending machine, the arc length and height of the bent steel plate can be measured by a laser arc measuring instrument, the actual radius of curvature is calculated, and the unqualified steel plates are reprocessed until the required accuracy is met.

[0054] S1204: Assemble the steel plates into the mold.

[0055] In this step, through modular assembly technology, the pre-bent steel plates are accurately positioned according to the spherical coordinate parameters to form a complete upper and lower tire mold. The purpose is to combine discrete surface units into a continuous spherical surface through spatial coordinate control to realize the functions of traditional integral molds.

[0056] Specifically, step S1204 includes: respectively centering on the center of the sphere where the upper die mold or the lower die mold to which the steel plate belongs, evenly distributing the steel plates included in the upper die mold or the lower die mold along the spherical arc surface; measuring the position and angle of the steel plate in real time; and assembling the steel plates into the upper die mold and the lower die mold according to the position and angle of the steel plate.

[0057] During the installation process, measuring tools such as total stations are used to measure the position and angle of the steel plate in real time to ensure the installation accuracy. A special fixture with an angle scale can be used to precisely adjust the θ angle of the steel plate. The fixture can be designed with a cam mechanism to achieve rapid positioning and release of the steel plate. During the installation process, a hydraulic jack can be used to apply a pre-pressure to eliminate the internal stress of the steel plate. A robot arm and a vision guidance system can also be introduced to achieve automatic grasping, positioning, and fastening of the steel plate.

[0058] S130: Using the mold to press the sheet to be processed into the spacer plate.

[0059] In this step, through the coordinated action of the hydraulic press and the modular mold, the sheet to be processed is pressed into a spherical spacer plate that meets the design requirements.

[0060] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the process of using the mold to press the spacer plate in step S130 includes the following steps:

[0061] S1301: According to the parameters of the sheet to be processed, set the operating parameters of the hydraulic press, where the parameters of the sheet to be processed include at least one of the shape, size, forming thickness, material type, and forming accuracy of the spacer plate, and the operating parameters of the hydraulic press include at least one of the tonnage, pressure, and stroke of the hydraulic press;

[0062] S1302: Install the upper die mold and the lower die mold on the hydraulic press so that the steel plates of the upper die mold and the lower die mold correspond one by one to form a plurality of pairs of steel plates, and the two steel plates of each pair of steel plates are aligned with each other;

[0063] S1303: Place the sheet to be processed on the lower die mold;

[0064] S1304: Start the hydraulic press and perform a pressing operation according to the operating parameters of the hydraulic press to press the sheet to be processed into the spacer plate.

[0065] In the above pressing process, the required pressure is calculated based on the material and thickness of the sheet, and then the tonnage of the hydraulic press is selected. During the installation of the mold, a laser alignment instrument is used for calibration to ensure that the center deviation of the upper and lower tire molds is ≤0.2 mm. Each pair of steel plates is guided by guide columns to ensure no misalignment during closing. In the pressing process, stepped pressurization is selected, and reasonable holding time and stroke are set to avoid material rupture. In addition, a vacuum chuck is used to fix the sheet to ensure the accurate position of the sheet. In other embodiments, other parameters of the sheet to be processed can also be considered, and the operating parameters of the hydraulic press can be reasonably set. Moreover, the operating parameters of the hydraulic press are not limited to the above parameters and can be reasonably set according to specific production needs. This application does not make special restrictions on this.

[0066] Optionally, before placing the sheet to be processed on the lower tire mold, it further includes: preprocessing the sheet to be processed, where the preprocessing includes at least one of cutting, grinding, cleaning, rust removal, chamfering or passivation treatment.

[0067] Preprocessing is a key pre - process for the manufacture of spherical backing plates. By processing the surface and edges of the sheet, it is ensured to meet the requirements of the pressing process. The purpose is to improve the surface state and geometric accuracy of the sheet through physical and chemical methods, providing a qualified blank for subsequent pressing. Cutting is to process the large slab into a blank that meets the dimensional requirements, leaving machining allowances. During cutting, processes such as plasma cutting and water jet cutting can be used. Grinding is to remove cutting burrs, reduce surface roughness, and avoid defects during pressing. The purpose of cleaning is to remove impurities such as oil stains and dust to prevent indentations or oxide skins during pressing. The purpose of rust removal is to remove oxide skins and rust, improving surface quality and corrosion resistance. The purpose of chamfering is to eliminate the sharp edges of the sheet to prevent stress concentration and scratching. The purpose of passivation treatment is to form a dense oxide film on the surface of stainless steel to improve corrosion resistance. In other embodiments, other preprocessing processes can also be included. This application does not make special restrictions on this.

[0068] In the specific implementation process, the manufacturing method of the spherical head outer wall backing plate of this application specifically includes the following processes:

[0069] 1. Mold design and manufacturing: According to the specifications of the spherical head outer wall backing plate given in the drawing and the expected production batch, open the CAD software. In the software, according to the specific dimensional requirements of the backing plate, accurately draw the two - dimensional graph of the pressing mold, including the shapes, dimensions and various detailed parts of the upper and lower molds. After drawing, carefully check the graph to ensure the dimensions are accurate. Export the designed mold graph and hand it over to a professional mold processing factory to select a suitable mold steel material for processing and manufacturing. During the processing, communicate with the factory to strictly control the machining accuracy of the mold to ensure the mold quality.

[0070] 2. Hydraulic Press Preparation: Select a hydraulic press with an appropriate tonnage according to the material, size of the backing plate, and requirements of the pressing process. Check the performance indicators of the hydraulic press to ensure it is in good working condition. Debug the hydraulic system and electrical control system of the hydraulic press to ensure stable pressure output and accurate stroke control. Install the safety protection device of the hydraulic press to ensure the safety of operators.

[0071] 3. Backing Plate Pressing: Install the fabricated pressing die on the hydraulic press, ensuring that the upper die and lower die are firmly installed and accurately centered. Prepare the plate used for manufacturing the backing plate, and perform pretreatment on the plate according to the design requirements, such as cutting, grinding, etc. Place the pretreated plate on the lower die, start the hydraulic press, and perform the pressing operation according to the pre-set pressure and stroke parameters. During the pressing process, closely observe the forming situation of the backing plate, and adjust the pressing parameters in a timely manner if there are any abnormalities. After pressing is completed, take out the backing plate, detect its shape and size, and compare it with the design drawing to ensure that the backing plate meets the requirements. For unqualified backing plates, analyze the reasons, make adjustments, and then re-press. Through the repeated operation of the above steps, the efficient and precise manufacturing of backing plates for the outer walls of spherical heads with different specifications is achieved.

[0072] It should be understood that the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure, and other structures can refer to the general design. The devices and / or structures in each of the embodiments provided in the present disclosure can be combined, modified, and / or changed to form new technical solutions. Without creative labor, these technical solutions should also be included within the scope protected by the present disclosure.

[0073] It should be understood that the specific examples provided in the embodiments herein are only for elaborating the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail and are not a limitation to the present disclosure. The embodiments of the present disclosure can be practiced without these specific examples. In some embodiments, the structures and / or technologies well-known to those skilled in the art are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of the present disclosure.

[0074] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described herein, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that these embodiments are provided only by way of example. Those skilled in the art will think of various changes, alterations, and substitutions without departing from the present disclosure. It should be understood that the various alternative embodiments of the present disclosure described herein are optionally used to implement the present disclosure. It is intended to define the scope of the present disclosure by the appended claims and thereby cover the devices, structures, and their equivalents within the scope of these claims.

Claims

1. A manufacturing method of a backing plate on the outer wall of a spherical head, characterized in that, Comprising: Obtaining parameters of the backing plate to be manufactured, where the parameters include at least one of the shape, size, ball radius, forming thickness, material type, and forming accuracy of the backing plate; Fabricating a mold corresponding to the backing plate according to the parameters of the backing plate, where the mold includes an upper mold and a lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are respectively formed by combining a plurality of steel plates; and Using the mold to press a to-be-processed sheet into the backing plate.

2. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fabricating the mold corresponding to the backing plate according to the parameters of the backing plate further includes: Determining the number and spacing of the steel plates constituting the mold according to the size and forming accuracy of the backing plate; Calculating the angle and curvature radius of each steel plate according to the ball radius and forming thickness of the backing plate; Performing pre-bending processing on the steel plate material according to the calculated curvature radius of the steel plate to process the steel plate material into a steel plate; and Assembling the steel plates into the mold.

3. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculating the angle of each steel plate according to the ball radius and forming thickness of the backing plate further includes: Respectively determining the radii of the balls where the upper mold and the lower mold are located according to the ball radius and forming thickness of the backing plate; and Calculating the angle and curvature radius of each steel plate through the following formula according to the radius of the ball: θ = arccos(z / R), r = R Wherein, R is the radius of the ball where the upper mold or the lower mold to which the steel plate belongs is located. A spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the center of the ball as the origin and the vertical direction as the Z-axis. z is the coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction, θ is the included angle between the line connecting the position of the steel plate and the center of the ball and the Z-axis, and r is the curvature radius of the steel plate.

4. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction is calculated in the following manner: Dividing the ball where the upper mold or the lower mold to which the steel plate belongs into multiple layers along the Z-axis direction, and each layer corresponds to a different z value; and Taking the z value corresponding to the layer where the steel plate is located as the coordinate value of the position of the steel plate in the Z-axis direction.

5. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 2, wherein, The assembling the steel plates into the mold further includes: Centering on the center of the ball where the upper mold or the lower mold to which the steel plate belongs respectively, and evenly distributing the steel plates included in the upper mold or the lower mold along the spherical arc surface; Measuring the position and angle of the steel plate in real time; and Assembling the steel plates into the upper mold and the lower mold according to the position and angle of the steel plate.

6. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The using the mold to press a to-be-processed sheet into the backing plate further includes: Setting the operating parameters of the hydraulic press according to the parameters of the to-be-processed sheet, where the parameters of the to-be-processed sheet include at least one of the shape, size, forming thickness, material type, and forming accuracy of the backing plate, and the operating parameters of the hydraulic press include at least one of the tonnage, pressure, and stroke of the hydraulic press; Installing the upper mold and the lower mold on the hydraulic press so that the steel plates of the upper mold and the lower mold correspond one by one to form a plurality of pairs of steel plates, and the two steel plates of each pair of steel plates are aligned with each other; Placing the to-be-processed sheet on the lower mold; and Start the hydraulic press and perform the pressing operation according to the operating parameters of the hydraulic press to press the plate to be processed into the backing plate.

7. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before placing the plate to be processed on the lower die mold, it further includes: preprocessing the plate to be processed, where the preprocessing includes at least one of cutting, grinding, cleaning, rust removal, chamfering or passivation treatment.

8. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of steel plates of the mold is positively correlated with the size and forming accuracy of the backing plate.

9. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The size of the interval is positively correlated with the stress between the steel plates and negatively correlated with the number of steel plates.

10. The manufacturing method of the outer wall backing plate of the spherical head according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The steel plate is at least one of carbon steel plate, stainless steel or corrosion-resistant alloy steel plate.

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