Folding duct device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerocar propulsion systems, and particularly relates to a folding duct device which comprises rotor wings, supporting brackets, duct skins, shafts and duct frameworks. The duct framework comprises a folding framework, a sliding rod, a framework shell and a sliding rail; the low-speed high-thrust efficiency is ensured by keeping the duct complete during takeoff; during high-speed cruise, the duct is folded, interference of duct walls on airflow is eliminated, shock waves and separation loss are reduced, aerodynamic resistance during high-speed flight is reduced, and aerodynamic interference can be reduced. The ducted fan can be switched into a free propeller state through the folding duct, and the energy conversion disadvantage of the ducted fan at a high speed is made up by utilizing the efficiency advantage of the propellers at a medium-high speed, so that the flight efficiency is improved. The vertical take-off and landing and high-speed cruising capabilities are considered, so that the contradictory requirement that a fixed duct is difficult to consider vertical take-off and landing and high-speed flight is solved, the flight scene adaptability is expanded, and the task adaptability is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of flying car propulsion systems, and particularly relates to a folding ducted device. Background Art

[0002] As a representative of a new generation of aircraft, the ducted fan aircraft has an important role for the ducted structure which is the main structure of the ducted fan. The ducted fan restricts the airflow through the ducted structure, reduces the eddy current loss at the tip of the fan blade, enables more airflow to be accelerated and ejected backward, and improves the thrust efficiency, especially when the aircraft is in a low-speed or hovering state. However, the ducted structure will generate additional aerodynamic drag during high-speed flight. When the airflow separates or forms a shock wave in the duct, the efficiency drops significantly and the energy consumption increases.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN118753500A provides a ducted structure, including a telescopic duct, a fixed duct and at least one duct driving device. The structure is that the duct driving device is fixedly connected to the fixed duct, and each duct driving device is connected to the telescopic duct. The duct driving device can drive the telescopic duct to reciprocate along the central direction of the telescopic duct to achieve the purpose of adjusting the duct length. However, this ducted structure can only contract the telescopic duct and cannot contract the fixed duct, and the windward area of the ducted structure is still large.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN209972776U provides a large gasoline-powered multi-rotor multi-purpose aircraft with a tilt-rotor and foldable ducts. The duct is a foldable two-semicircle structure, and its purpose is to reduce the width of the aircraft. However, it is impossible to reduce the aerodynamic drag during flight through the folding of the duct, which affects the efficiency during high-speed flight. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the performance of the ducted device, and realize the folding of the ducted device.

[0007] (2) Technical Solutions

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a folding ducted device. As Figures 1-3 shown, the folding ducted device includes: a rotor (1), a support bracket (2), a duct skin (3), a shaft (4), a duct skeleton (5); the duct skeleton (5) includes: a folding skeleton (51), a sliding rod (52), a skeleton housing (6), a slide rail (7), as Figures 2-3 shown;

[0009] The ducted framework (5) is arranged concentrically with the shaft (4); the duct skin (3) is made of a foldable material; the rotor (1) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected as rotating components; the cross-shaped support bracket (2) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the shaft (4) as a non-rotating component, and the four outer ends of the cross-shaped support bracket (2) are fixedly connected to the framework housing (6);

[0010] The ducted framework (5) includes X framework housings (6) arranged circumferentially and uniformly and X*Y folding frameworks (51) arranged circumferentially and uniformly; a set of folding structures is arranged between every two adjacent framework housings (6), and each set of folding structures includes Y folding frameworks (51) and 2Y sliding rods (52), and a section of duct skin (3) is arranged on the outside of each set of folding structures;

[0011] The outer structure shape of the folding framework (51) is consistent with the duct cross-section, and the inner part is a cross-shaped structure. A slot hole is opened at the cross intersection of the cross-shaped structure inside the folding framework (51), and two sliding slots (53) are opened transversely on the cross-shaped structure; the inner side of the outer structure of the folding framework (51) is fixedly connected to the cross-shaped structure of the folding framework (51), and at the same time, the outer side of the outer structure of the folding framework (51) is fixedly connected to the duct skin (3);

[0012] The slide rail (7) is located inside the ducted framework (5), is circular, and is arranged concentrically with the shaft (4); the slide rail (7) is a fixed part, and the slide rail (7) passes through the slot holes of the cross-shaped structures of all the folding frameworks (51) to ensure that the folding frameworks (51) can slide along the slide rail (7);

[0013] In each set of folding structures, the folding framework (51) at one end thereof is fixedly connected to a framework housing (6), and the folding framework (51) at the other end is not fixed. When the duct is opened, the unfixed folding framework (51) can be clamped into the inner side of an adjacent another framework housing (6);

[0014] In the same set of folding structures, two adjacent folding frameworks (51) are connected by two left and right sliding rods (52); one end of each sliding rod (52) is connected to one of the two adjacent folding frameworks (51) by means of a ball joint, and the other end is fixed in the sliding slot (53) of the other folding framework (51) for sliding. The connection methods of the two sliding rods are the same, as Figures 2-3 shown.

[0015] Among them, when the aircraft takes off and lands vertically, the duct is in an open state.

[0016] Among them, when the aircraft is in a high-speed flight state, the duct is in a folded state.

[0017] Among them, in the same set of folding structures, two adjacent folding skeletons (51) are respectively defined as the first folding skeleton (511) and the second folding skeleton (512), and the two sliding rods (52) connecting the first folding skeleton (511) and the second folding skeleton (512) are respectively the first sliding rod (521) and the second sliding rod (522);

[0018] When the duct is folded, the first sliding rod (521) and the second sliding rod (522) simultaneously slide along the chute (53) towards the middle of the cross-shaped structure of the second folding skeleton (512), driving the second folding skeleton (512) to contract towards the adjacent first folding skeleton (511). In this set of folding structures, the mutual approach of each pair of adjacent folding skeletons (51) drives the folding of the duct skin (3);

[0019] When the 2Y sliding rods (52) in each set of folding structures have all completed sliding and contraction, the folding of the duct along the slide rail (7) can be achieved. The Y folding skeletons (51), 2Y sliding rods (52) and the duct skin (3) are all contracted into a skeleton housing (6), and the state of the completed duct folding is as Figure 4 shown.

[0020] Among them, in the same set of folding structures, the opening process of the duct is opposite to the folding process of the duct. The first sliding rod (521) and the second sliding rod (522) simultaneously slide along the chute (53) in a direction away from the center of the cross-shaped structure of the second folding skeleton (512), driving each folding skeleton (51) to slide along the slide rail (7). The folding skeleton (51) at the end of the non-fixed end of each set of folding structures is snapped into the adjacent skeleton housing (6), and the duct skin (3) is fully unfolded to complete the opening of the duct, as Figure 5 shown.

[0021] Among them, X is 4 and Y is also 4.

[0022] Among them, the rotor (1) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected by splines.

[0023] Among them, the support bracket (2) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected by bearings.

[0024] Among them, one end of each sliding rod (52) is connected to one of the adjacent two folding skeletons (51) by means of a ball joint.

[0025] Among them, the cross-shaped support bracket (2) forms a diameter section perpendicular to each other inside the circular duct.

[0026] (III) Beneficial effects

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] (1) The present invention ensures high thrust efficiency at low speeds (such as vertical takeoff and landing or hovering) by keeping the duct intact during takeoff; when cruising at high speeds, the duct is folded to eliminate the interference of the duct wall on the airflow, reduce shock wave and separation losses, so as to reduce the aerodynamic drag during high-speed flight and can also reduce aerodynamic interference.

[0029] (2) By folding the duct, the ducted fan can be switched to a free propeller state, taking advantage of the efficiency of the propeller at medium and high speeds to make up for the energy conversion disadvantage of the ducted fan at high speeds, thereby improving flight efficiency.

[0030] (3) In the folded state, the duct does not need to bear all the structural loads, and the overall weight can be optimized by changing the structure and materials to achieve the lightweight design of the duct.

[0031] (4) The present invention takes into account both vertical takeoff and landing and high-speed cruising capabilities to solve the contradictory requirements that a fixed duct is difficult to balance vertical takeoff and high-speed flight, expand the adaptability of flight scenarios, and enhance mission adaptability. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a folding duct device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the skeleton structure of a folding duct device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the skeleton structure of a folding duct device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the folding state of a folding duct device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of a folding duct device of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1 rotor, 2 support bracket, 3 duct skin, 4 shaft, 5 duct skeleton, 51 folding skeleton, 511 first folding skeleton, 512 second folding skeleton, 52 sliding rod, 521 first sliding rod, 522 second sliding rod, 53 chute, 6 skeleton housing, 7 slide rail. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0038] To make the purpose, content, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0039] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the performance of the duct device, and achieve the folding of the duct device. The present invention proposes a folding duct device, which realizes the folding and opening of the duct by using a slide rail, a folding skeleton, and a foldable skin.

[0040] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a folding duct device, as Figures 1-3 shown, the folding duct device includes: a rotor (1), a support bracket (2), a duct skin (3), a shaft (4), and a duct skeleton (5); the duct skeleton (5) includes: a folding skeleton (51), a slide bar (52), a skeleton housing (6), and a slide rail (7), as Figures 2-3 shown;

[0041] The duct skeleton (5) is concentrically arranged with the shaft (4); the duct skin (3) is made of a foldable material; the rotor (1) and the shaft (4) are coaxially fixedly connected as rotating components; the cross-shaped support bracket (2) is coaxially fixedly connected with the shaft (4) as a non-rotating component, and the four outer ends of the cross-shaped support bracket (2) are fixedly connected to the skeleton housing (6);

[0042] The duct skeleton (5) includes X circumferentially uniformly arranged skeleton housings (6) and X*Y circumferentially uniformly arranged folding skeletons (51); a set of folding structures is arranged between every two adjacent skeleton housings (6), and each set of folding structures includes Y folding skeletons (51), 2Y slide bars (52), and a section of duct skin (3) is arranged outside each set of folding structures;

[0043] The outer peripheral structure shape of the folding skeleton (51) is the same as the duct cross-section, and the inner part is a cross-shaped structure. A slot hole is opened at the cross intersection position of the cross-shaped structure inside the folding skeleton (51), and two chute grooves (53) are opened transversely on the cross-shaped structure; the inner side of the outer peripheral structure of the folding skeleton (51) is fixedly connected to the cross-shaped structure of the folding skeleton (51), and at the same time, the outer side of the outer peripheral structure of the folding skeleton (51) is fixedly connected to the duct skin (3);

[0044] The slide rail (7) is located inside the duct skeleton (5), is circular, and is concentrically arranged with the shaft (4); the slide rail (7) is a fixed component, and the slide rail (7) passes through the slot holes of the cross-shaped structures of all the folding skeletons (51) to ensure that the folding skeletons (51) can slide along the slide rail (7);

[0045] In each set of folding structures, the folding skeleton (51) at one end of the set is fixedly connected to a skeleton housing (6), and the folding skeleton (51) at the other end of the set is not fixed. When the duct is opened, the unfixed folding skeleton (51) can be snapped into the inner side of an adjacent skeleton housing (6);

[0046] In the same set of folding structures, two adjacent folding skeletons (51) are connected by two left and right sliding rods (52); one end of each sliding rod (52) is connected to one of the two adjacent folding skeletons (51) by means of a spherical hinge, and the other end is fixed in the sliding groove (53) of the other folding skeleton (51) for sliding. The connection methods of the two sliding rods are the same, as Figures 2-3 shown.

[0047] Among them, when the aircraft takes off and lands vertically, the duct is in an open state.

[0048] Among them, when the aircraft is in a high-speed flight state, the duct is in a folded state.

[0049] Among them, in the same set of folding structures, two adjacent folding skeletons (51) are defined as the first folding skeleton (511) and the second folding skeleton (512) respectively. The two sliding rods (52) connecting the first folding skeleton (511) and the second folding skeleton (512) are the first sliding rod (521) and the second sliding rod (522) respectively;

[0050] When the duct is folded, the first sliding rod (521) and the second sliding rod (522) slide simultaneously along the sliding groove (53) towards the middle of the cross-shaped structure of the second folding skeleton (512), driving the second folding skeleton (512) to contract towards the adjacent first folding skeleton (511). In this set of folding structures, the mutual approach of each pair of adjacent folding skeletons (51) drives the duct skin (3) to fold;

[0051] When the 2Y sliding rods (52) in each set of folding structures have all completed sliding and contraction, the duct can be folded along the slide rail (7). The Y folding skeletons (51), 2Y sliding rods (52) and the duct skin (3) are all contracted into a skeleton outer shell (6). The state of the completed duct folding is as Figure 4 shown.

[0052] Among them, in the same set of folding structures, the opening process of the duct is opposite to the folding process of the duct. The first sliding rod (521) and the second sliding rod (522) slide simultaneously along the sliding groove (53) in a direction away from the center of the cross-shaped structure of the second folding skeleton (512), driving each folding skeleton (51) to slide along the slide rail (7). The folding skeleton (51) at the end of the unfixed end of each set of folding structures is clamped into the adjacent skeleton outer shell (6), and the duct skin (3) is fully unfolded to complete the opening of the duct, as Figure 5 shown.

[0053] Among them, X is 4 and Y is also 4.

[0054] Among them, the rotor (1) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected by splines.

[0055] Among them, the support bracket (2) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected through a bearing.

[0056] Among them, one end of each slide bar (52) is connected to one of two adjacent folding skeletons (51) by means of a ball joint.

[0057] Among them, the cross-shaped support bracket (2) is formed as a diameter segment perpendicular to each other within a circular duct.

[0058] Structures for folding the duct by providing slide rails and folding skeletons in the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] Ways of folding the duct by using foldable materials as the duct skin in the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A folding duct device, characterized in that, The folding duct device includes: a rotor (1), a support bracket (2), a duct skin (3), a shaft (4), and a duct framework (5); the duct framework (5) includes: a folding framework (51), a sliding rod (52), a framework housing (6), and a slide rail (7); The duct framework (5) is arranged concentrically with the shaft (4); the duct skin (3) is made of a foldable material; the rotor (1) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected as rotating components; the cross-shaped support bracket (2) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the shaft (4) as a non-rotating component, and the four outer ends of the cross-shaped support bracket (2) are fixedly connected to the framework housing (6); The duct framework (5) includes X circumferentially uniformly arranged framework housings (6) and X*Y circumferentially uniformly arranged folding frameworks (51); a set of folding structures is arranged between every two adjacent framework housings (6), and each set of folding structures includes Y folding frameworks (51) and 2Y sliding rods (52), and a section of duct skin (3) is arranged outside each set of folding structures; The outer peripheral structure shape of the folding framework (51) is the same as the duct cross-section, and the inner part is a cross-shaped structure. A slot hole is opened at the cross intersection position of the cross-shaped structure inside the folding framework (51), and two sliding grooves (53) are opened transversely on the cross-shaped structure; the inner side of the outer peripheral structure of the folding framework (51) is fixedly connected to the cross-shaped structure of the folding framework (51), and at the same time, the outer side of the outer peripheral structure of the folding framework (51) is fixedly connected to the duct skin (3); The slide rail (7) is located inside the duct framework (5), is circular, and is arranged concentrically with the shaft (4); the slide rail (7) is a stationary part, and the slide rail (7) passes through the slot holes of the cross-shaped structures of all the folding frameworks (51) to ensure that the folding frameworks (51) can slide along the slide rail (7); In each set of folding structures, the folding framework (51) at one end thereof is fixedly connected to a framework housing (6), and the folding framework (51) at the other end is not fixed. When the duct is opened, the unfixed folding framework (51) can be clamped into the inner side of an adjacent another framework housing (6); In the same set of folding structures, two adjacent folding frameworks (51) are connected by two left and right sliding rods (52); one end of each sliding rod (52) is connected to one of the two adjacent folding frameworks (51) by means of a ball joint, and the other end is fixed in the sliding groove (53) of the other folding framework (51) for sliding.

2. The folding ducted device according to claim 1, wherein, When the aircraft takes off and lands vertically, the duct is in an open state.

3. The folding duct device according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the aircraft is in a high-speed flight state, the duct is in a folded state.

4. The folding duct device according to claim 3, wherein, It is defined that in the same set of folding structures, two adjacent folding frameworks (51) are respectively a first folding framework (511) and a second folding framework (512), and the two sliding rods (52) connecting the first folding framework (511) and the second folding framework (512) are respectively a first sliding rod (521) and a second sliding rod (522); When the duct is folded, the first slide bar (521) and the second slide bar (522) simultaneously slide along the chute (53) towards the middle of the cross-shaped structure of the second folding frame (512), driving the second folding frame (512) to contract towards the adjacent first folding frame (511). In this set of folding structures, the mutual approach of each pair of adjacent folding frames (51) drives the folding of the duct skin (3). When the 2Y slide bars (52) in each set of folding structures have all completed sliding and contracting, the folding of the duct along the slide rail (7) can be achieved, and the Y folding frames (51), the 2Y slide bars (52), and the duct skin (3) are all contracted into a frame housing (6).

5. The folding duct device according to claim 4, wherein, It is defined that in the same set of folding structures, the opening process of the duct is opposite to the folding process of the duct. The first slide bar (521) and the second slide bar (522) simultaneously slide along the chute (53) in a direction away from the center of the cross-shaped structure of the second folding frame (512), driving each folding frame (51) to slide along the slide rail (7). The folding frame (51) at the end of the non-fixed end of each set of folding structures is snapped into the adjacent frame housing (6), and the duct skin (3) is fully unfolded to complete the opening of the duct.

6. The folding duct device according to claim 5, characterized in that, X is 4, and Y is also 4.

7. The folding duct device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (1) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected by a spline.

8. The folding duct device according to claim 1, wherein The support bracket (2) and the shaft (4) are coaxially and fixedly connected by a bearing.

9. The folding duct device according to claim 1, wherein, One end of each slide bar (52) is connected to one of the adjacent two folding frames (51) by a ball hinge.

10. The folding duct device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-shaped support bracket (2) forms a diameter section perpendicular to each other inside the circular duct.

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