Soil ecological restoration composition as well as preparation method and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological restoration composition for arsenic-polluted soil of a mine as well as a preparation method and a construction method of the ecological restoration composition. The composition is prepared by compounding a component (1), a component (2), a component (3) and a component (4), and efficient removal of arsenic and improvement of soil fertility are achieved through the synergistic effect of physical adsorption, chemical fixation and biological conversion. The preparation method comprises the steps of raw material pretreatment, mixing, fungicide addition, packaging and storage. The construction method comprises the steps of soil scarification, composition adding, standing and turning, vegetation planting and maintenance, monitoring and evaluation and the like. The method has the advantages of being low in cost, easy and convenient to operate, environmentally friendly and the like, arsenic-polluted soil is effectively restored, solid waste resource utilization is achieved, mining area ecological system reconstruction is promoted, and the environmental, economic and social benefits are remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and in particular to a soil ecological restoration composition and a preparation method and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the mining process, tailings waste is usually stored in tailings ponds, which not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also pollutes the soil, groundwater and surface water through acidification, rainfall leaching and other means.

[0003] Arsenic is a highly toxic metalloid element that is difficult to degrade in the environment. However, existing remediation technologies still have many limitations when dealing with arsenic-contaminated soil. For example, although chemical remediation methods can effectively remove arsenic, they are costly, complex to operate, and may damage the soil structure, requiring strict control of conditions to avoid secondary pollution. Soil replacement in physical remediation technology can also significantly reduce arsenic concentrations, but it is limited by scarce pollution-free soil resources, large engineering workload, and high investment, making it difficult to promote on a large scale.

[0004] In summary, the existing remediation technology has the problems of high cost, complex operation and poor eco-friendliness when treating arsenic-contaminated soil. Therefore, the development of a low-cost, high-efficiency, eco-friendly soil ecological remediation composition and its preparation method and construction method has become a key issue to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides the field of mine ecological restoration technology, specifically a soil ecological restoration composition and a preparation method and a construction method thereof, to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a soil ecological restoration composition, which comprises the following components by weight: Component (1): Straw 10.0-18.0 parts; Grasses 15.0-20.0 parts; 5.0-12.0 parts of fruit shells; Component (2): 18.0-32.0 parts of earthworm castings; Component (3): 10.0-16.0 parts of bentonite; Attapulgite 6.0-11.0 parts; Phosphate rock powder 7.0-12.0 parts; Potassium feldspar 4.0-8.0 parts; 2.0-4.0 parts of nano silicon dioxide; Activated carbon powder 9.0-18.0 parts; Component (4): Bacillus subtilis 0.3 - 0.8 parts; Bacillus licheniformis 0.4 - 0.9 parts; Bacillus mucilaginosus 0.1 - 0.3 parts; Trichoderma 0.2 - 0.5 parts; Gibberellin 0.1 - 0.3 parts; Indoleacetic acid 0.3 - 0.6 parts; Siderophore 0.1 - 0.4 parts.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the straw type is one or more of wheat straw, corn straw, soybean straw, and sorghum straw; The grass type is one or more of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Portulaca oleracea, and Kochia scoparia; The fruit shell type is one or more of peanut shells, walnut shells, cottonseed hulls, and rice husks.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the particle size of the straw type is controlled between 3 - 5 mm; The particle size of the grass type or the fruit shell type is controlled between 2 - 4 mm.

[0009] In a possible implementation, by mass parts, the component (2) further includes the following components: Chicken manure 2.0 - 5.0 parts; Pig manure 1.0 - 3.0 parts.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the soil ecological restoration composition, by mass parts, includes the following components: Component (1): Straw type 11.0 parts; Grass type 16.0 parts; Fruit shell type 5.0 parts; Component (2): Chicken manure 2.0 parts; Pig manure 2.0 parts; Earthworm manure 20 parts; Component (3): Bentonite 10.0 parts; Attapulgite 6.0 parts; Phosphate rock powder 7.0 parts; Potassium feldspar 4.0 parts; Nano - silica 2.0 parts; Activated carbon powder 10.0 parts; Component (4): Bacillus subtilis 0.3 parts; 0.4 parts of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.1 part of jelly-like Bacillus; 0.3 parts of Trichoderma; Gibberellic acid 0.1 part; 0.3 parts of indoleacetic acid; 0.1 part of siderophore.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the soil ecological restoration composition comprises the following components by weight: Component (1): Straw: 15.0 parts; Grasses 17.0 parts; 8.5 parts of fruit shells; Component (2): 3.5 parts chicken manure; 2.0 parts of pig manure; 26.0 parts of earthworm castings; Component (3): 13.0 parts of bentonite; 8.5 parts of attapulgite; 9.5 parts of phosphate rock powder; Potassium feldspar 6.0 parts; 2.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide; 13.5 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.6 parts of Bacillus subtilis; Bacillus licheniformis 0.7 parts; 0.2 parts of jelly-like Bacillus; 0.4 parts of Trichoderma; Gibberellic acid 0.2 parts; 0.5 part of indoleacetic acid; 0.3 parts of siderophore.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the soil ecological restoration composition comprises the following components by weight: Component (1): Straw: 18.0 parts; Grass 20.0 parts; 12.0 parts of fruit shells; Component (2): 4.0 parts of chicken manure; 3.0 parts of pig manure; 31.0 parts of earthworm castings; Component (3): 15.0 parts of bentonite; Attapulgite 11.0 parts; 10.0 parts of rock phosphate powder; 8.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 3.0 parts of nano-silica; 18.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.7 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.8 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.3 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.5 part of Trichoderma; 0.3 part of gibberellin; 0.6 part of indoleacetic acid; 0.4 part of siderophore.

[0013] The second aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of the above soil ecological restoration composition, comprising the following steps: Step 1, pretreatment: Crush the straw, grass, and fruit shell in component (1) to meet their respective particle size requirements; Perform composting fermentation on livestock and poultry manure; Step 2, mixing: Mix the straw, grass, and fruit shell in component (1) with the earthworm manure, chicken manure, and pig manure in component (2) evenly according to the ratio; Subsequently, add bentonite, attapulgite, rock phosphate powder, potassium feldspar, nano-silica, and activated carbon powder in component (3), and mix well again.

[0014] Step 3, inoculant addition: Add Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and siderophore in component 4 into the mixture in Step 2 in proportion to ensure the uniform distribution of the inoculant.

[0015] Step 4, packaging and storage: Pack the prepared soil ecological restoration composition, seal it for storage, and store it in a cool and dry place.

[0016] The third aspect of the present invention provides a soil remediation construction method, which uses the above soil ecological restoration composition to remediate contaminated mine soil, and the construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1, soil loosening: Use tillage equipment to loosen the soil in the area to be remediated to a depth of 20 - 30 cm; Step 2, application of the restoration composition: Apply the soil ecological restoration composition evenly on the loosened soil at an application rate of 35 - 55 kg / mu; Step 3, Mixing evenly: Use a soil-turning device to thoroughly mix the soil ecological restoration composition with the soil so that the soil ecological restoration composition covers the entire restoration area; Step 4, Standing and turning: Stand for 48 - 72 hours, and turn it once every 24 hours during standing to promote the full reaction between the soil ecological restoration composition and the soil; Step 5, Vegetation planting and maintenance: Select suitable vegetation for planting according to the soil restoration effect and climate conditions; Strengthen the management of vegetation maintenance to ensure the healthy growth of vegetation and improve the soil restoration effect; Step 6, Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor and evaluate the soil quality to ensure that the restoration effect reaches the expected goal.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the polluted soil to be restored is arsenic-polluted soil. Beneficial effects

[0018] The present invention provides a soil ecological restoration composition, its preparation method and construction method, which have significant technical advantages and comprehensive benefits, specifically reflected in the following aspects: First of all, the cost-effectiveness of this soil ecological restoration composition is remarkable. This restoration composition selects agricultural wastes such as straw, grass and fruit shells as the main raw materials, realizing the low-cost and high-efficiency utilization of resources, significantly reducing the economic cost of soil restoration, and conforming to the concept of circular economy.

[0019] Secondly, the dual effects of heavy metal removal and fertility improvement of this soil ecological restoration composition are synergistic. Through the physical adsorption of agricultural wastes in component (1) and the chemical adsorption characteristics of minerals such as bentonite and attapulgite in component (3), a synergistic effect is formed, which can efficiently remove heavy metal pollutants such as arsenic in the soil. At the same time, the organic matter and mineral components in the composition can slowly release nutrients, improve the soil structure, and provide continuous fertility support for the growth of vegetation, achieving the dual goals of pollution control and ecological restoration.

[0020] Thirdly, the ecological restoration function of this soil ecological restoration composition is strengthened. Through component (2) and component (4), that is, earthworm manure and compound microbial inoculum, a micro-ecological restoration system is constructed for this soil ecological restoration composition. The active substances in earthworm manure in component (2) can activate soil enzyme activity and promote the reproduction of microorganisms; probiotic groups such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and enhance the self-purification ability of the soil. Combined with plant hormones such as gibberellin and indoleacetic acid, it can not only improve the restoration efficiency, but also enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops, forming a virtuous cycle of soil ecological system.

[0021] In addition, the construction operation of the soil ecological restoration composition is simple and efficient. The construction process from soil loosening, composition dosing to vegetation restoration has clear operation specifications and can be implemented without complex equipment. In particular, the static turning process for 48 - 72 hours not only ensures the full reaction of the composition with pollutants but also avoids the risk of secondary pollution.

[0022] Finally, the comprehensive benefits of the soil ecological restoration composition are prominent. While solving the problem of arsenic - polluted soil restoration, the composition realizes the resource utilization of solid waste, and avoids the damage to soil structure caused by traditional chemical restoration and the large occupation of land resources by physical replacement. Through vegetation restoration, the mining area ecosystem can be rebuilt, forming triple benefits of environmental, economic and social benefits, and providing a new solution for mine ecological restoration. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement it according to the content of the specification, the following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the preparation method of the soil ecological restoration composition in the specific implementation manner; Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the soil restoration construction method in the specific implementation manner. Specific Embodiments

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein.

[0026] The first aspect of the present invention provides a soil ecological restoration composition, which includes the following components by mass: Component (1): 10.0 - 18.0 parts of straws; 15.0 - 20.0 parts of grasses; 5.0 - 12.0 parts of fruit shells.

[0027] In a specific application scenario, in the soil ecological restoration composition, Component (1) serves as the core matrix module, which is scientifically compounded from 10.0 - 18.0 parts of straws, 15.0 - 20.0 parts of grasses and 5.0 - 12.0 parts of fruit shells. By using agricultural wastes such as wheat straws and corn straws as the main raw materials, it is not only convenient to obtain and low - cost but also realizes the transformation of waste into treasure. In addition, by controlling the straw particle size at 3 - 5 mm and the grass / fruit shell particle size at 2 - 4 mm, a multi - level pore structure is formed, which not only retains the natural adsorption performance but also facilitates mixing with the soil.

[0028] The layered structure of plant fibers of straw and grass and the natural pores of fruit shells form a physical adsorption network, and their surface functional groups produce complexation with arsenic ions, thus constructing a three-dimensional adsorption network.

[0029] During the decomposition of organic matter in component (1), straw, grass and fruit shells will produce active substances such as humic acid, which will produce a synergistic effect with bentonite and phosphate rock powder in component (3). On the one hand, humic acid forms a composite colloid with mineral particles to enhance the specific adsorption of arsenic; on the other hand, the released nutrients such as K+ and Ca2+ improve the soil CEC value and enhance the fertility level.

[0030] The straw in component (1) and the earthworm manure in component (2) work synergistically to build a "plant-microorganism-animal" trinity ecological chain. The cellulose in the straw is decomposed by microorganisms to produce low-molecular organic acids, which activate soil enzyme activity and promote the reproduction and metabolism of microorganisms in earthworm manure, forming a self-driven ecological restoration cycle.

[0031] In addition, the plant residues in component (1) slowly decompose in the soil, continuously releasing nutrients, and their hemicellulose and lignin components combine with minerals to form stable complexes, effectively fixing arsenic and preventing secondary release. Combined with regular turning during the construction process, the continuity and stability of the restoration effect can be ensured.

[0032] Component (2): 18.0-32.0 parts of earthworm castings.

[0033] In some examples, the component (2) further comprises the following components, measured by weight: 2.0-5.0 parts of chicken manure; 1.0-3.0 parts of pig manure.

[0034] In a specific application scenario, component (2) in the soil ecological restoration composition is used as a biological activity regulation module, and is composed of 18.0-32.0 parts of earthworm manure, and 2.0-5.0 parts of chicken manure and 1.0-3.0 parts of pig manure. The component (2) is prepared through an ecological breeding system, using species such as Eisenia fetida to carry out industrial breeding with a mixture of cow dung and straw as a matrix. The excrement is obtained after drying, crushing and sieving, and is rich in humic acid, beneficial microorganisms and plant growth hormones, and has a porous honeycomb structure.

[0035] The humic acid in earthworm castings forms a composite colloid with the plant fibers of component (1), which can increase the soil cation exchange capacity by 20 - 35%. The flavonoids secreted by earthworms can activate the activities of soil catalase and sucrase, increasing them by 40 - 60% compared to the control soil. It cooperates with the easily decomposable organic matter in chicken manure and pig manure to construct a "fast - slow" dual - effect nutrient release system. At the same time, earthworm castings and the microbial inoculant of component (4) produce a synergistic effect. Its arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form a symbiotic relationship with Bacillus subtilis, promoting the formation of mycorrhizal networks, increasing the colonization amount of the inoculant by 3 - 5 times compared to the single - inoculant group, and the root infection rate reaching more than 75%.

[0036] In addition, the hydroxyapatite in earthworm castings and the phosphate rock powder of component (3) produce a phosphorus synergistic effect, reducing the bioavailability of arsenic through the competitive adsorption of phosphate and arsenate ions. After XRD analysis, the proportion of residual arsenic in the soil after remediation is increased by 45 - 58% compared to before remediation. This component also forms a three - level remediation system with the physical adsorption of component (1) and the chemical fixation of component (3), sequentially adsorbing arsenic ions quickly through straw fibers, promoting the chemical precipitation of arsenic by the organic acids released by earthworm castings in mineral particles, and oxidizing and reducing the arsenic form by the microbial inoculant, achieving multi - mechanism synergistic enhancement. This biological activity regulation module couples multiple mechanisms of biology - chemistry - physics, not only achieving the efficient treatment of arsenic pollution, but also constructing a self - repairing soil ecosystem.

[0037] Component (3): 10.0 - 16.0 parts of bentonite; 6.0 - 11.0 parts of attapulgite; 7.0 - 12.0 parts of phosphate rock powder; 4.0 - 8.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 2.0 - 4.0 parts of nano - silica; 9.0 - 18.0 parts of activated carbon powder.

[0038] In specific application scenarios, component (3), as the key chemical regulation element in the soil ecological remediation composition, is compounded by bentonite, attapulgite, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar, nano - silica and activated carbon powder. Through the synergistic action of multiple mechanisms, it plays a core role: First, in the removal of heavy metal arsenic, bentonite and attapulgite, relying on their layered structure and abundant pores, form a "fast adsorption - strong fixation" synergistic effect with the physical adsorption of straw, grass, and fruit shell in component (1). The exchangeable cations between the montmorillonite layers of bentonite can efficiently complex arsenate ions, and the fibrous crystal structure of attapulgite provides a large number of surface adsorption sites. Experiments show that the adsorption capacity of this composite system for As³⁺ / As 5 ⁺ reaches 8.5 - 12.3 mg / g, increasing by more than 45% compared to single minerals. The calcium magnesium phosphate in phosphate rock powder not only produces a phosphorus synergistic effect with the hydroxyapatite of component (2), but the released PO4³⁻ can also compete with AsO4³⁻ for soil colloid adsorption sites. It is confirmed by XRD analysis that the proportion of residual arsenic in the soil after remediation is increased by 45 - 58%.

[0039] In terms of soil fertility improvement, the K⁺ released by the weathering of potassium feldspar can activate the activity of soil enzymes, while nano-silica forms a stable complex with organic matter and slowly releases medium elements such as Si and Ca. The developed pore structure of activated carbon powder can adsorb and retain water and nutrients. Combined with the "fast-slow" dual-effect nutrient release system of component (2), the soil organic matter content is increased by 30-45%, and the available nutrients are increased by 25-38%.

[0040] In the ecological restoration synergy mechanism, component (3) and the earthworm cast of component (2) produce an organic-inorganic composite effect. The organic acids released by the earthworm cast can dissolve the iron oxide film on the surface of mineral particles, promote the activation of phosphorus in phosphate rock powder, and at the same time reduce the soil pH value and enhance the microbial activity. When combined with the microbial inoculant of component (4), bentonite as a microbial carrier can increase the colonization amount of the inoculant by 2-3 times. The plant hormone effects of gibberellin and indole acetic acid form a positive feedback with the supply of mineral nutrients, increasing the vegetation restoration rate by more than 60% compared with traditional restoration techniques.

[0041] This component couples multiple mechanisms such as chemical adsorption, nutrient slow release, and microenvironment regulation, not only achieving efficient fixation of heavy metals, but also constructing a sustainable soil fertility supply system.

[0042] Component (4): 0.3-0.8 parts of Bacillus subtilis; 0.4-0.9 parts of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.1-0.3 parts of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.2-0.5 parts of Trichoderma; 0.1-0.3 parts of gibberellin; 0.3-0.6 parts of indole acetic acid; 0.1-0.4 parts of siderophore.

[0043] In specific application scenarios, component (4) is used as a bioactive regulatory element in the soil ecological restoration composition, which is scientifically compounded by four probiotics, namely Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Trichoderma, and three bioactive substances, namely gibberellin, indole acetic acid, and siderophore. By constructing a microecological restoration system, in terms of strengthening the ecological restoration function, Bacillus subtilis can secrete surface active substances and cooperate with Bacillus licheniformis to reduce the bioavailability of arsenic in the soil. The extracellular polysaccharide produced by Bacillus mucilaginosus forms a bio-mineral complex with mineral particles. Trichoderma fixes heavy metal ions through its mycelial network, and the laccase secreted by it can transform the arsenic form into a low-toxic state.

[0044] In the plant hormone synergy mechanism, gibberellin and indole acetic acid form a growth-promoting effect, increasing the root length and root surface area of the vegetation in the restoration area. Siderophore improves the iron nutrition of plants by chelating iron ions, and in combination with the microbial inoculant, it can increase the biomass of the vegetation.

[0045] In the dimension of microecosystem construction, Bacillus subtilis forms a symbiotic relationship with humic acid in earthworm manure, increasing the colonization amount of the bacteria by 3 - 5 times. Bacillus licheniformis binds to the surface of bentonite minerals, prolonging the survival time of the microbial agent in the soil. Trichoderma forms a biochar-fungal complex with activated carbon powder, enhancing the environmental adaptability of the microbial agent and maintaining its activity within the pH range of 4.5 - 8.5.

[0046] This component produces a coupling effect with component (3). The organic acids produced by microbial metabolism can activate the phosphorus in phosphate rock, increasing the available phosphorus content. At the same time, mycorrhizal fungi form a symbiotic structure with plant roots, promoting the release of potassium in potassium feldspar and increasing the available potassium content in the soil.

[0047] In some examples, the straw category is one or more of wheat straw, corn straw, soybean straw, and sorghum straw.

[0048] In specific application scenarios, the straw component, as the core carrier for the resource utilization of agricultural waste in the soil ecological restoration composition, can be selected from one or more combinations of wheat straw, corn straw, soybean straw, and sorghum straw. The above straw has a unique three-dimensional porous fiber structure with a large specific surface area. After being crushed to a particle size of 3 - 5 mm, it can form a micro-scale adsorption network.

[0049] In addition, the straw category can be not only wheat straw, corn straw, soybean straw, and sorghum straw, but also the straw of other plants. Without affecting the functions of the soil ecological restoration composition, those skilled in the art can select the type of straw according to actual needs. The change in the type of straw does not affect the protection scope of this application.

[0050] The grass category is one or more of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Portulaca oleracea, and Kochia scoparia.

[0051] In specific application scenarios, the grass component, as a key constituent element of the organic-inorganic composite system in the soil ecological restoration composition, can be selected from one or more combinations of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Portulaca oleracea, and Kochia scoparia, where: Imperata cylindrica has well-developed roots that can reach 1.2 - 1.5 m in length and can penetrate compact soil to form biological channels. Its root exudates contain low-molecular-weight organic acids such as citric acid and malic acid, which can activate heavy metals such as arsenic in the soil.

[0052] Pennisetum alopecuroides has a stem rich in cellulose (45 - 50%). After being crushed, it forms a porous fiber network with a specific surface area of 0.8 - 1.2 m² / g. The adsorption capacities for As³⁺ and Pb²⁺ are 18 - 22 mg / g and 25 - 30 mg / g, respectively.

[0053] The stems and leaves of purslane (Portulaca oleracea) contain mucilage, which forms a natural colloid after drying. Its cation exchange capacity (CEC) reaches 120 - 150 mmol / kg, and it can effectively complex heavy metal ions.

[0054] Kochia scoparia is rich in alkaloids and flavonoids, has antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and the activity of soil catalase can be increased by 15 - 20% after the decomposition of its residues.

[0055] In addition, the grasses can be not only Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Portulaca oleracea, Kochia scoparia, but also other grasses. Without affecting the functions of the soil ecological restoration composition, those skilled in the art can select the types of grasses according to actual needs, and the change of grass types does not affect the protection scope of this application.

[0056] The fruit shells are one or more of peanut shells, walnut shells, cottonseed shells, and rice husks.

[0057] In specific application scenarios, peanut shells, walnut shells, cottonseed shells, and rice husks are important components of the soil ecological restoration composition and play different roles in the soil restoration process.

[0058] Peanut shells are rich in lignin, cellulose, and nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and have a loose and porous texture. After being added, they can improve the soil aggregate structure, enhance air permeability and drainage, and promote root growth. The slow decomposition of its organic matter releases nutrients, improves soil fertility and fertilizer retention capacity. At the same time, it has the characteristics of sterilization and insect repellent, and biochar can also effectively adsorb heavy metals and reduce soil pollution.

[0059] Walnut shells are hard in texture and rich in trace elements such as zinc, iron, and calcium. After being broken and mixed into the soil, they can increase air permeability and prevent waterlogging and root rot. After natural decay, they are converted into organic fertilizers, and their water retention performance stabilizes soil moisture. The organic acids produced by decomposition can adjust the soil pH value and create a more suitable plant growth environment.

[0060] The carbon-nitrogen ratio of cottonseed shells is as high as 200:1, and the cellulose content is high. As an inexpensive substrate, it is widely used in bioremediation. Its porous structure promotes the reproduction of microorganisms, enhances the soil self-purification ability, and its potential heavy metal adsorption ability makes it have greater remediation potential.

[0061] Rice husks are light and porous, contain rich cellulose, lignin, and silica, and have strong stability. After being added, they can significantly improve the soil compaction problem, enhance air permeability and drainage, and their water absorption characteristics contribute to water retention and fertilizer retention. The organic acids produced by decomposition regulate the pH value, and its large specific surface area may have a positive effect on heavy metal adsorption.

[0062] In addition, the fruit shells can be not only peanut shells, walnut shells, cottonseed hulls, rice hulls, but also other fruit shells. Without affecting the functions of the soil ecological restoration composition, those skilled in the art can select the types of fruit shells according to actual needs, and the change in the types of fruit shells does not affect the protection scope of this application.

[0063] In some examples, the particle size of the straw materials is controlled between 3 and 5 mm.

[0064] In specific application scenarios, in the soil remediation matrix, the particle size directly affects the air permeability and structural stability of the matrix. Generally speaking, the larger the particle size, the better the air permeability of the matrix and the more stable the structure. However, too large a particle size will cause rapid water leakage and frequent water replenishment is required to maintain soil humidity. A particle size of 3-5 mm belongs to the category of coarse particle sizes, which can effectively balance the air permeability and water retention of the matrix, ensure the effective exchange of elements such as water, air, and heat during the soil remediation process, and create a good environment for plant growth and microbial activities.

[0065] In addition, as a soil conditioner, the particle size of the straw materials has a significant impact on the effect of soil structure improvement. A particle size of 3-5 mm will neither be too small to cause soil compaction nor too large to affect the mixing uniformity with the soil, which helps to form stable soil aggregates and improve soil quality.

[0066] The particle size of the grass or the fruit shells is controlled between 2 and 4 mm.

[0067] In specific application scenarios, the particle size of the grass and fruit shell materials in the soil remediation composition is controlled to be 2-4 mm. The particle size range of 2-4 mm increases the specific surface area of the materials, promotes the microbial decomposition effect and nutrient release efficiency, helps to form stable soil aggregates, optimize the soil structure and improve water retention and air permeability.

[0068] In some examples, the soil ecological restoration composition includes the following components by mass: Component (1): 11.0 parts of straw materials; 16.0 parts of grass; 5.0 parts of fruit shells; Component (2): 2.0 parts of chicken manure; 2.0 parts of pig manure; 20 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3): 10.0 parts of bentonite; 6.0 parts of attapulgite; 7.0 parts of rock phosphate; 4.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 2.0 parts of nano-silica; 10.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.3 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.4 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.1 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.3 part of Trichoderma; 0.1 part of gibberellin; 0.3 part of indoleacetic acid; 0.1 part of siderophore.

[0069] In some examples, the soil ecological restoration composition includes the following components by mass parts: Component (1): 15.0 parts of straw; 17.0 parts of grass; 8.5 parts of fruit shell; Component (2): 3.5 parts of chicken manure; 2.0 parts of pig manure; 26.0 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3): 13.0 parts of bentonite; 8.5 parts of attapulgite; 9.5 parts of rock phosphate; 6.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 2.5 parts of nano-silica; 13.5 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.6 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.7 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.2 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.4 part of Trichoderma; 0.2 part of gibberellin; 0.5 part of indoleacetic acid; 0.3 part of siderophore.

[0070] In some examples, the soil ecological restoration composition includes the following components by mass parts: Component (1): 18.0 parts of straw; 20.0 parts of grass; 12.0 parts of fruit shell; Component (2): 4.0 parts of chicken manure; 3.0 parts of pig manure; 31.0 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3): 15.0 parts of bentonite; 11.0 parts of attapulgite; 10.0 parts of phosphate rock powder; 8.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 3.0 parts of nano-silica; 18.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.7 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.8 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.3 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.5 part of Trichoderma; 0.3 part of gibberellin; 0.6 part of indoleacetic acid; 0.4 part of siderophore.

[0071] The second aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of the above soil ecological restoration composition, comprising the following steps: Step 1, pretreatment: Crush the straw, grass, and fruit shell in component (1) to meet their respective particle size requirements; Carry out composting fermentation on livestock and poultry manure.

[0072] In specific application scenarios, crush the straw, grass, and fruit shell to meet their respective particle size requirements, such as 3 - 5 mm for straw, and 2 - 4 mm for grass and fruit shell. Particle size control directly affects the specific surface area and pore structure of the material, and thus affects its adsorption capacity for heavy metals and decomposition rate in the soil. Appropriate particle size can increase the contact area between the material and the soil and improve the restoration efficiency.

[0073] Livestock and poultry manure needs to be composted and fermented to eliminate harmful pathogenic bacteria therein, stabilize organic matter, and produce humus beneficial to soil and plant growth. During the fermentation process, the organic matter in the manure is decomposed by microorganisms, transformed into a more stable form, while reducing odor and increasing fertilizer value.

[0074] Step 2, mixing: Mix the straw, grass, and fruit shell in component (1) with the earthworm manure, chicken manure, and pig manure in component (2) evenly according to the ratio; Subsequently, add the bentonite, attapulgite, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar, nano-silica, and activated carbon powder in component (3), and mix thoroughly again.

[0075] In specific application scenarios, for the preliminary mixing, the crushed straw, grass, and fruit shells are evenly mixed with vermicompost, chicken manure, and pig manure in proportion. Vermicompost is rich in microorganisms and enzymes, which can enhance the biological activity of the soil; livestock manure provides additional organic matter and nutrients, complementing agricultural waste and enriching the nutritional components of the composition.

[0076] For the second mixing, after adding bentonite, attapulgite, rock phosphate, potassium feldspar, nano-silica, and activated carbon powder, it is fully mixed again. Bentonite and attapulgite have strong chemical adsorption ability for heavy metals, rock phosphate and potassium feldspar can slowly release mineral nutrients, while nano-silica and activated carbon powder further increase the specific surface area and enhance the adsorption performance of the composition.

[0077] Step 3, inoculant addition: Add Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and siderophore in the component 4 into the mixture in step 2 in proportion to ensure the uniform distribution of the inoculant.

[0078] In specific application scenarios, add Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and siderophore into the mixture in proportion to ensure the uniform distribution of the inoculant. These microbial inoculants can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, promote the nutrient cycle in the soil, and enhance the soil self-purification ability. Gibberellin and indoleacetic acid can stimulate plant growth, enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops, and form a benign soil microecosystem.

[0079] Step 4, packaging and storage: Package the prepared soil ecological restoration composition, seal it for storage, and store it in a cool and dry place. The packaging should be moisture-proof and sun-proof to avoid the inactivation of the inoculant and the decomposition of organic matter. A cool and dry environment is conducive to maintaining the activity of the inoculant, ensuring the stable properties of the composition during storage, and extending its validity period.

[0080] The third aspect of the present invention provides a soil remediation construction method, which uses the soil ecological restoration composition prepared according to any one of claims 8 to remediate the polluted mine soil, and the construction method includes the following steps: Step 1, soil loosening: Use tillage equipment to loosen the soil in the area to be remediated to a depth of 20 - 30 cm, which helps to break soil compaction, increase soil aeration and water permeability, and create favorable conditions for the subsequent addition and mixing of the remediation composition. At the same time, loosening the soil can promote the activity of soil microorganisms, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, and provide a good environment for vegetation growth.

[0081] Step 2, addition of the remediation composition: Apply the soil ecological restoration composition evenly on the loosened soil at an application rate of 35 - 55 kg / mu. The control of the application rate needs to be adjusted according to the soil pollution degree and the restoration target to ensure the effective distribution of the composition in the soil, avoiding waste caused by over - dosage and preventing insufficient dosage from affecting the restoration effect.

[0082] Step 3, Mix evenly: Use soil - turning equipment to mix the soil ecological restoration composition with the soil thoroughly so that the soil ecological restoration composition covers the entire restoration area. Thorough mixing helps the components in the composition to come into full contact with the soil, playing the roles of adsorption, decomposition, and improvement. At the same time, uniform mixing can also avoid over - concentration or insufficiency of the composition in local areas, improving the consistency of the restoration effect.

[0083] Step 4, Stand still and turn over: Let it stand still for 48 - 72 hours, and turn it over once every 24 hours during this period to promote the full reaction between the soil ecological restoration composition and the soil. Standing still allows the composition to fully react with the pollutants in the soil, while turning over can promote the uniformity and thoroughness of the reaction. This step helps the components such as microbial agents and adsorbents in the composition to effectively act on heavy metals and other pollutants in the soil, improving the restoration efficiency.

[0084] Step 5, Vegetation planting and maintenance: Select suitable vegetation for planting according to the soil restoration effect and climatic conditions; strengthen the vegetation maintenance management to ensure the healthy growth of the vegetation and improve the soil restoration effect.

[0085] Step 6, Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor and evaluate the soil quality to ensure that the restoration effect reaches the expected goal. The monitoring content should include soil heavy metal content, soil fertility indicators, vegetation growth status, etc. Through monitoring and evaluation, problems existing in the restoration process can be discovered in time, and the restoration strategy can be adjusted to ensure the sustainability and stability of the restoration effect.

[0086] In some examples, the polluted soil to be restored is arsenic - polluted soil.

[0087] In specific application scenarios, the soil ecological restoration composition has a significant effect on arsenic-contaminated soil: minerals such as bentonite and attapulgite adsorb arsenate and arsenite through ion exchange and surface complexation, organic matter in straw, grass and fruit shells complexes with arsenic to form stable complexes, and humic acid precipitates and fixes arsenic; Bacillus subtilis and other licheniformis convert highly toxic As(III) into As(V), and microorganisms secrete polysaccharides to promote aggregate formation, further encapsulating and fixing arsenic. The restoration composition slowly releases nutrients to restore soil functions, and the continuous activity of microorganisms ensures the stabilization of arsenic pollution, avoids secondary pollution, and realizes the resource utilization of solid waste, with environmental, economic and social benefits; multiple mechanisms work synergistically to achieve efficient, eco-friendly and sustainable restoration of arsenic-contaminated soil, and the operation is simple and suitable for large-scale promotion. Embodiment 1

[0088] Based on the above concept, a soil ecological restoration composition for specific application provided in this embodiment includes the following components by weight: Component (1): Straw: 11.0 parts; Grasses 16.0 parts; 5.0 parts of fruit shells; Component (2):

[0089] 2.0 parts of chicken manure; 2.0 parts of pig manure; 20 parts of earthworm castings; Component (3):

[0090] 10.0 parts of bentonite; 6.0 parts of attapulgite; Phosphate rock powder 7.0 parts; Potassium feldspar 4.0 parts; 2.0 parts of nano silicon dioxide; 10.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4):

[0091] Bacillus subtilis 0.3 parts; 0.4 parts of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.1 part of jelly-like Bacillus; 0.3 parts of Trichoderma; Gibberellic acid 0.1 part; 0.3 parts of indoleacetic acid; 0.1 part of siderophore.

[0092] The first embodiment provides a method for preparing the soil ecological restoration composition, comprising the following steps: Step 1, preprocessing: Crush the straw, grass, and fruit shells in component (1) to meet their respective particle size requirements; Perform composting fermentation on livestock and poultry manure; Step 2, Mixing: Mix the straw, grass, and fruit shells in component (1) with the earthworm manure, chicken manure, and pig manure in component (2) evenly according to a ratio; Subsequently, add bentonite, attapulgite, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar, nano-silica, and activated carbon powder in component (3), and mix well again.

[0093] Step 3, Inoculant Addition: Add Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma, gibberellin, indole acetic acid, and siderophore in component 4 to the mixture in Step 2 in proportion to ensure the even distribution of the inoculant.

[0094] Step 4, Packaging and Storage: Package the prepared soil ecological restoration composition, seal it for storage, and store it in a cool and dry place.

[0095] Example 1 provides a soil remediation construction method. This construction method uses the above-mentioned soil ecological restoration composition to remediate contaminated mine soil, and the construction method includes the following steps: Step 1, Soil Loosening: Use tillage equipment to loosen the soil in the area to be remediated to a depth of 20 cm; Step 2, Application of Restoration Composition: Apply the soil ecological restoration composition evenly on the loosened soil at an application rate of 35 kg / mu; Step 3, Mixing Evenly: Use soil-turning equipment to mix the soil ecological restoration composition with the soil thoroughly so that the soil ecological restoration composition covers the entire remediation area; Step 4, Static Placement and Turning: Let it stand for 48 hours, and turn it once every 24 hours during this period to promote the full reaction between the soil ecological restoration composition and the soil; Step 5, Vegetation Planting and Maintenance: Select suitable vegetation for planting according to the soil remediation effect and climate conditions; Strengthen the maintenance management of the vegetation to ensure the healthy growth of the vegetation and improve the soil remediation effect; Step 6, Monitoring and Evaluation: Regularly monitor and evaluate the soil quality to ensure that the remediation effect reaches the expected goal.

[0096] In the example, the contaminated soil to be remediated is arsenic-contaminated soil. Embodiment 2

[0097] Based on the above concept, a soil ecological restoration composition for specific application provided in this embodiment includes the following components by weight: Component (1):

[0098] Straw: 15.0 parts; Grasses 17.0 parts; 8.5 parts of fruit shells; Component (2):

[0099] 3.5 parts chicken manure; 2.0 parts of pig manure; 26.0 parts of earthworm castings; Component (3):

[0100] 13.0 parts of bentonite; 8.5 parts of attapulgite; 9.5 parts of phosphate rock powder; Potassium feldspar 6.0 parts; 2.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide; 13.5 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4):

[0101] 0.6 parts of Bacillus subtilis; Bacillus licheniformis 0.7 parts; 0.2 parts of jelly-like Bacillus; 0.4 parts of Trichoderma; Gibberellic acid 0.2 parts; 0.5 part of indoleacetic acid; 0.3 parts of siderophore.

[0102] This embodiment 2 provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned soil ecological restoration composition, comprising the following steps: Step 1, preprocessing: The straw, grass and fruit shells in component (1) are crushed to meet the respective particle size requirements; Composting and fermenting livestock and poultry manure; Step 2, Mixing: Mix the straw, grass and fruit shells in component (1) and the earthworm manure, chicken manure and pig manure in component (2) in a uniform proportion; Then, the bentonite, attapulgite, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar, nano-silicon dioxide and activated carbon powder in component (3) are added and mixed again.

[0103] Step 3, adding bacterial agent: Add Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and siderophore in component 4 to the mixture in step 2 in proportion to ensure uniform distribution of the microbial agent.

[0104] Step 4, Packaging and storage: Package the prepared soil ecological restoration composition, seal it for storage, and store it in a cool and dry place.

[0105] Example 2 provides a soil remediation construction method. This construction method uses the above soil ecological restoration composition to remediate contaminated mine soil, and the construction method includes the following steps: Step 1, Soil loosening: Use tillage equipment to loosen the soil in the area to be remediated to a depth of 25 cm; Step 2, Application of the restoration composition: Spread the soil ecological restoration composition evenly on the loosened soil at an application rate of 45 kg / mu; Step 3, Mixing evenly: Use soil-turning equipment to fully mix the soil ecological restoration composition with the soil so that the soil ecological restoration composition covers the entire remediation area; Step 4, Standing and turning: Let it stand for 72 hours, and turn it once every 24 hours during this period to promote the full reaction between the soil ecological restoration composition and the soil; Step 5, Vegetation planting and maintenance: Select suitable vegetation for planting according to the soil remediation effect and climate conditions; Strengthen the maintenance management of the vegetation to ensure the healthy growth of the vegetation and improve the soil remediation effect; Step 6, Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor and evaluate the soil quality to ensure that the remediation effect reaches the expected goal.

[0106] In the example, the contaminated soil to be remediated is arsenic-contaminated soil. Example 3

[0107] Based on the above concept, a soil ecological restoration composition for a specific application provided in this example includes the following components by mass: Component (1):

[0108] 18.0 parts of straw; 20.0 parts of grass; 12.0 parts of fruit shells; Component (2):

[0109] 4.0 parts of chicken manure; 3.0 parts of pig manure; 31.0 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3):

[0110] 15.0 parts of bentonite; 11.0 parts of attapulgite; 10.0 parts of rock phosphate; 8.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 3.0 parts of nano-silica; 18.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4):

[0111] 0.7 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.8 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.3 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.5 part of Trichoderma; 0.3 part of gibberellin; 0.6 part of indoleacetic acid; 0.4 part of siderophore.

[0112] Example 3 provides a preparation method of the above soil ecological restoration composition, including the following steps: Step 1, pretreatment: Crush the straw, grass, and fruit shell in Component (1) to meet their respective particle size requirements; Perform composting fermentation on livestock and poultry manure; Step 2, mixing: Mix the straw, grass, and fruit shell in Component (1) with the earthworm manure, chicken manure, and pig manure in Component (2) evenly according to the ratio; Subsequently, add the bentonite, attapulgite, rock phosphate, potassium feldspar, nano-silica, and activated carbon powder in Component (3), and mix well again.

[0113] Step 3, inoculant addition: Add the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and siderophore in Component 4 to the mixture in Step 2 in proportion to ensure the uniform distribution of the inoculant.

[0114] Step 4, packaging and storage: Package the prepared soil ecological restoration composition, seal it for storage, and store it in a cool and dry place.

[0115] Example 3 provides a soil remediation construction method, which uses the above soil ecological restoration composition to remediate polluted mine soil, and the construction method includes the following steps: Step 1, soil loosening: Use a tillage device to loosen the soil in the area to be repaired to a depth of 30 cm; Step 2, Application of the repair composition: Apply the soil ecological repair composition evenly on the loosened soil at an application rate of 55 kg / mu; Step 3, Mix evenly: Use a soil-turning device to fully mix the soil ecological repair composition with the soil so that the soil ecological repair composition covers the entire repair area; Step 4, Static settlement and turning: Let it stand for 72 hours, and turn it once every 24 hours during this period to promote the full reaction between the soil ecological repair composition and the soil; Step 5, Vegetation planting and maintenance: Select suitable vegetation for planting according to the soil repair effect and climatic conditions; Strengthen the maintenance management of the vegetation to ensure the healthy growth of the vegetation and improve the soil repair effect; Step 6, Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor and evaluate the soil quality to ensure that the repair effect reaches the expected goal.

[0116] In the example, the polluted soil to be repaired is arsenic-polluted soil.

[0117] The embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A soil ecological restoration composition, characterized in that, By mass parts, it includes the following components: Component (1): 10.0 - 18.0 parts of straw; 15.0 - 20.0 parts of grass; 5.0 - 12.0 parts of fruit shell; Component (2): 18.0 - 32.0 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3): 10.0 - 16.0 parts of bentonite; 6.0 - 11.0 parts of attapulgite; 7.0 - 12.0 parts of rock phosphate powder; 4.0 - 8.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 2.0 - 4.0 parts of nano - silicon dioxide; 9.0 - 18.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.3 - 0.8 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.4 - 0.9 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.1 - 0.3 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.2 - 0.5 part of Trichoderma; 0.1 - 0.3 part of gibberellin; 0.3 - 0.6 part of indole - 3 - acetic acid; 0.1 - 0.4 part of siderophore.

2. The soil ecological restoration composition according to claim 1, wherein The straw is one or more of wheat straw, corn straw, soybean straw, and sorghum straw; The grass is one or more of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum alopecuroides, Portulaca oleracea, and Kochia scoparia; The fruit shell is one or more of peanut shell, walnut shell, cottonseed shell, and rice husk.

3. The soil ecological restoration composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the straw is controlled between 3 - 5 mm; The particle size of the grass or the fruit shell is controlled between 2 - 4 mm.

4. The soil ecological restoration composition according to claim 1, wherein By mass parts, the component (2) further includes the following components: 2.0 - 5.0 parts of chicken manure; 1.0 - 3.0 parts of pig manure.

5. The soil ecological restoration composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, By mass parts, it includes the following components: Component (1): 11.0 parts of straw; 16.0 parts of grass; 5.0 parts of fruit shell; Component (2): 2.0 parts of chicken manure; 2.0 parts of pig manure; 20 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3): 10.0 parts of bentonite; 6.0 parts of attapulgite; 7.0 parts of rock phosphate powder; 4.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 2.0 parts of nano - silicon dioxide; 10.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.3 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.4 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.1 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.3 part of Trichoderma; 0.1 part of gibberellin; 0.3 part of indole - 3 - acetic acid; 0.1 part of siderophore.

6. The soil ecological restoration composition according to claim 4, wherein By mass parts, it includes the following components: Component (1): 15.0 parts of straw; 17.0 parts of grass; 8.5 parts of fruit shell; Component (2): 3.5 parts of chicken manure; 2.0 parts of pig manure; 26.0 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3): 13.0 parts of bentonite; 8.5 parts of attapulgite; 9.5 parts of rock phosphate powder; 6.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 2.5 parts of nano - silicon dioxide; 13.5 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.6 part of Bacillus subtilis; 0.7 part of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.2 part of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.4 part of Trichoderma; 0.2 part of gibberellin; 0.5 part of indole - 3 - acetic acid; 0.3 part of siderophore.

7. A soil ecological restoration composition according to claim 4, characterized in that, By mass parts, it includes the following components: Component (1): 18.0 parts of straw; 20.0 parts of grass; 12.0 parts of fruit shell; Component (2): 4.0 parts of chicken manure; 3.0 parts of pig manure; 31.0 parts of earthworm manure; Component (3): 15.0 parts of bentonite; 11.0 parts of attapulgite; 10.0 parts of rock phosphate powder; 8.0 parts of potassium feldspar; 3.0 parts of nano - silicon dioxide; 18.0 parts of activated carbon powder; Component (4): 0.7 parts of Bacillus subtilis; 0.8 parts of Bacillus licheniformis; 0.3 parts of Bacillus mucilaginosus; 0.5 parts of Trichoderma; 0.3 parts of gibberellin; 0.6 parts of indoleacetic acid; 0.4 parts of siderophore.

8. A method for preparing the soil ecological restoration composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1, pretreatment: Crush the straw, grass, and fruit shell in Component (1) to meet their respective particle size requirements; Perform composting fermentation on livestock and poultry manure; Step 2, mixing: Mix the straw, grass, and fruit shell in Component (1) with the earthworm manure, chicken manure, and pig manure in Component (2) evenly according to the ratio; Subsequently, add the bentonite, attapulgite, phosphate rock powder, potassium feldspar, nano-silica, and activated carbon powder in Component (3), and mix well again; Step 3, inoculant addition: Add the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Trichoderma, gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and siderophore in Component 4 to the mixture in Step 2 in proportion to ensure the uniform distribution of the inoculant; Step 4, packaging and storage: Package the prepared soil ecological restoration composition, seal it for storage, and store it in a cool and dry place.

9. A soil remediation construction method, characterized in that, This construction method uses the soil ecological restoration composition prepared according to any one of claims 8 to repair the polluted mine soil, and the construction method includes the following steps: Step 1, soil loosening: Use tillage equipment to loosen the soil in the area to be repaired to a depth of 20 - 30 cm; Step 2, application of the restoration composition: Apply the soil ecological restoration composition evenly on the loosened soil at an application rate of 35 - 55 kg / mu; Step 3, mixing evenly: Use soil-turning equipment to mix the soil ecological restoration composition with the soil fully evenly so that the soil ecological restoration composition covers the entire repair area; Step 4, static settlement and agitation: Let it stand for 48 - 72 hours, and stir it once every 24 hours during the standing period to promote the full reaction between the soil ecological restoration composition and the soil; Step 5, vegetation planting and maintenance: Select suitable vegetation for planting according to the soil repair effect and climate conditions; Strengthen the maintenance management of the vegetation to ensure the healthy growth of the vegetation and improve the soil repair effect; Step 6, monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor and evaluate the soil quality to ensure that the repair effect reaches the expected goal.

10. The soil remediation construction method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The polluted soil to be repaired is arsenic-polluted soil.

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