Red light carbon quantum dot and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a red light carbon quantum dot as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The red light carbon quantum dot is prepared from fulvic acid and polyamine as raw materials through a hydrothermal reaction. The fulvic acid is used as a carbon source, the polyamine is used as a nitrogen source, the carbon quantum dots are prepared through a hydrothermal reaction, the obtained carbon quantum dots are small in size, and the particle size is 1-3 nm; the red light emission wavelengths are 680 nm and 720 nm, and the photoluminescence characteristic is irrelevant to the excitation wavelength; the prepared quantum dot has good biocompatibility, the quantum efficiency is greater than or equal to 20%, the prepared quantum dot has good bacteriostatic and antibacterial activity, and the inhibition rate on staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus under the concentration of 2 mu g / mL can reach 99.9%. Wide application prospects are realized in the aspects of antisepsis, anti-inflammation and wound healing promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of nanotechnology, and particularly to a red-light carbon quantum dot, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Carbon quantum dots are novel zero-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials with a carbon skeleton structure and a size less than 10 nm. Due to their low cytotoxicity, better biocompatibility, optical stability, unique tunable photoluminescence, and conversion fluorescence emission characteristics, they have important application values in the fields of biomedical fluorescence imaging, drug delivery, tumor diagnosis, cancer treatment, etc. In the field of antibacterial, carbon quantum dots can damage the cell wall and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to destroy the infectious biofilm matrix, giving them unique advantages in combating drug-resistant bacteria and emerging viruses.

[0003] Currently, the fluorescence emission wavelengths of carbon quantum dots are mostly blue-green (400 - 520 nm) fluorescence, and most of them require ultraviolet light waves for excitation. Short-wavelength light waves have the disadvantages of low penetration depth in biological tissues and easy cause of light damage to biological tissues. At the same time, the irradiation of short-wavelength light waves will cause strong blue autofluorescence in biological tissues, resulting in a serious fluorescence background and interfering with the extraction and analysis of carbon quantum dot fluorescence signals. Red-light fluorescent carbon quantum dots have advantages such as good imaging contrast and high spatial resolution, and have received extensive attention from researchers.

[0004] The red-light emission of carbon quantum dots can be achieved in two ways: one is red light based on the excitation-dependent characteristic (the emission wavelength changes with the excitation wavelength), and the other is excitation-independent red-light emission, whose peak is concentrated above 600 nm. Generally, the energy band structure can be regulated by changing the geometric size and surface chemical state or introducing defect energy levels and chromophores, etc., so as to achieve stable red-light emission. The Chinese invention patent document with the publication number CN118272081A discloses an N, P-doped Scutellaria baicalensis carbon dot, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The obtained N, P-doped Scutellaria baicalensis carbon dots have small size, uniform particle size, regular morphology, and good biocompatibility, but the antibacterial rates against Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria are only 92%, and the preparation process is complex. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a red-light carbon quantum dot, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The red-light carbon quantum dots provided in this application have uniform particle size, regular morphology, and good antibacterial effect.

[0006] This application provides a red-light carbon quantum dot, which is prepared by a hydrothermal reaction using fulvic acid and polyamine as raw materials.

[0007] In some specific implementation manners, the particle size of the red-light carbon quantum dot is 1 nm to 3 nm.

[0008] In some specific implementation manners, the polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, spermine, and spermidine.

[0009] This application also provides a method for preparing red light carbon quantum dots, including the following steps:

[0010] Mix fulvic acid and polyamine and then carry out a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a red light carbon quantum dot solution;

[0011] Filter and dialyze the red light carbon quantum dot solution in sequence to obtain red light carbon quantum dots.

[0012] In some specific implementation manners, the molar ratio of the fulvic acid to the polyamine is 1.0 - 5.0:2.0 - 8.0.

[0013] In some specific implementation manners, the polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, spermine, and spermidine.

[0014] In some specific implementation manners, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 160°C - 250°C, and the time is 5h - 12h.

[0015] In some specific implementation manners, the filtration is microfiltration, and the pore size of the microfiltration is 0.1μm - 0.3μm;

[0016] The molecular weight of the dialysis is 500 - 2000Da.

[0017] This application also provides the use of the red light carbon quantum dots described in the above technical solution or the red light carbon quantum dots prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the preparation of an antibacterial agent.

[0018] In some specific implementation manners, the target bacteria of the antibacterial agent include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

[0019] This application uses fulvic acid as a carbon source and polyamine as a nitrogen source to prepare carbon quantum dots through a hydrothermal reaction. The obtained carbon quantum dots are small in size, with a particle size of 1 nm to 3 nm; they have red light emission wavelengths of 680 nm and 720 nm, and the photoluminescence characteristics are independent of the excitation wavelength; they have good biocompatibility, a quantum efficiency of ≥20%, and also have good antibacterial and antifungal activities. The inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can reach 99.9% at a concentration of 2 μg / mL, and it has broad application prospects in antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and promoting wound healing. Moreover, the method provided in this application is simple in process, easy to operate, low in cost, and pollution-free, and can be used for industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the fluorescence emission spectrum of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 1 of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the transmission electron microscope photograph of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 2 of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the particle size distribution diagram of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 2 of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the Zeta potential change diagram before and after the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 3 of this application bind to MRSA bacteria;

[0024] Figure 5 It is the scanning electron microscope photograph of the destruction of the cell wall of MRSA bacteria by the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 3 of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 It is the antibacterial performance test photograph of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in the examples and comparative examples against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] It should be understood that the expression "one or more of..." individually includes each of the objects recited after the expression and various different combinations of two or more of the recited objects, unless otherwise understood from the context and usage. The expression "and / or" in combination with three or more recited objects should be understood to have the same meaning, unless otherwise understood from the context.

[0027] The terms "comprising", "having" or "including", including the use of their grammatical synonyms, should generally be understood as open-ended and non-limiting, for example, not excluding other unrecited elements or steps, unless specifically stated otherwise or understood from the context otherwise.

[0028] It should be understood that as long as the present invention remains operable, the order of steps or the order of performing certain actions is not important. In addition, two or more steps or actions can be carried out simultaneously.

[0029] The use of any and all examples or exemplary language herein, such as "for example" or "including", is merely intended to better illustrate the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention unless a claim is made. No language in this specification should be construed as indicating that any unclaimed element is essential for the practice of the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the numerical ranges and parameters used to define the present invention are approximate values. The relevant values in the specific embodiments have been presented as precisely as possible herein. However, any value inherently and inevitably contains standard deviations due to individual testing methods. Therefore, unless otherwise clearly stated, it should be understood that all ranges, amounts, values and percentages used in this disclosure are modified by "about". Herein, "about" generally means that the actual value is within plus or minus 10%, 5%, 1% or 0.5% of a specific value or range.

[0031] This application provides a red light carbon quantum dot, which is prepared by a hydrothermal reaction using fulvic acid and polyamine as raw materials.

[0032] This application uses fulvic acid as a carbon source and polyamine as a nitrogen source to prepare carbon quantum dots by a hydrothermal reaction. The carboxyl group content and oxidation degree on the surface of the prepared carbon quantum dots increase, the fluorescence emission peak significantly redshifts, the emission wavelengths are 680 nm and 720 nm, and it has good quantum efficiency.

[0033] The carbon quantum dots prepared in this application have a small size, with a particle size of 1 nm to 3 nm, which is beneficial to the improvement of antibacterial performance, and has negligible toxicity and good biocompatibility.

[0034] Through the synergistic effect of fulvic acid and polyamine, the ratio of carboxyl and amino functional groups on the surface of carbon quantum dots is regulated. The prepared red-light carbon quantum dots have a large amount of positive charges on the surface, with a Zeta potential of +50.7 mV, and are easily attracted to the bacterial cell membrane through electrostatic adsorption. The positive charges on the surface disrupt the bacterial cell membrane through electrostatic adsorption, thus having good antibacterial properties. The experimental results show that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the carbon quantum dots provided by this application against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is 2 μg / mL, and the bactericidal rate against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae reaches 99.9%.

[0035] This application uses fulvic acid as a carbon source. Fulvic acid is a biomass raw material, mainly composed of carbon and oxygen elements, and is easily soluble in water. The fulvic acid molecule contains functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which can increase the carboxyl content and oxidation degree on the surface of carbon quantum dots, thus causing an obvious red shift in the fluorescence emission peak.

[0036] This application uses polyamine as a nitrogen source, which synergistically acts with fulvic acid to regulate the ratio of carboxyl and amino functional groups on the surface of carbon quantum dots and increase the antibacterial performance of the obtained carbon quantum dots. In some specific implementation manners, the polyamine includes but is not limited to diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, spermine, spermidine, etc., and can be one or more of them. When the polyamine is a combination of multiple substances, this application has no special restrictions on the ratio of each specific substance.

[0037] This application first mixes fulvic acid and polyamine. In some specific implementation manners, fulvic acid and polyamine are mixed in an aqueous solution. Specifically, fulvic acid, polyamine, and water can be mixed and stirred to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution. In some specific implementation manners, the molar ratio of fulvic acid to polyamine is 1.0 - 5.0:2.0 - 8.0, preferably 1.5 - 4.5:2.5 - 7.5, and more preferably 2 - 4:3 - 7. Correspondingly, in some specific implementation manners, in the mixed solution, the concentration of fulvic acid is preferably 1.0 mM - 5.0 mM, more preferably 1.5 mM - 4.5 mM, and most preferably 2.0 mM - 4.0 mM; the concentration of the polyamine is preferably 2.0 mM - 8.0 mM, more preferably 2.5 mM - 7.5 mM, and most preferably 3 mM - 7 mM.

[0038] After obtaining the mixed solution, a hydrothermal reaction is carried out. This application preferably carries out the hydrothermal reaction in a high-pressure reaction kettle. The temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is preferably 160°C - 250°C, more preferably 180°C - 220°C, and more preferably 190°C - 210°C; the hydrothermal reaction time is preferably 5 h - 12 h, more preferably 8 h - 12 h.

[0039] After the hydrothermal reaction, a red-light carbon quantum dot solution is obtained. Then, the red-light carbon quantum dot solution is successively filtered and dialyzed to obtain red-light carbon quantum dots. In some specific implementation manners, the present application preferably filters the red-light carbon quantum dot solution successively through microfiltration, and preferably uses a water-based microfiltration membrane for filtration. In some specific implementation manners, the pore size of the microfiltration is preferably 0.1 μm to 0.3 μm, more preferably 0.15 μm to 0.25 μm, and most preferably 0.22 μm. In some specific implementation manners, the present application preferably uses a dialysis bag for dialysis, and the molecular weight of the dialysis is preferably 500 to 2000 Da, more preferably 800 Da to 1500 Da, and most preferably 1000 Da. After dialysis, red-light carbon quantum dots can be obtained.

[0040] The present application also provides the use of the red-light carbon quantum dots described in the above technical solution or the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the preparation of an antibacterial agent. In some specific implementation manners, the target bacteria of the antibacterial agent include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

[0041] The carbon quantum dots prepared in the present application have a particle size of 1 nm to 3 nm, emission wavelengths of 680 nm and 720 nm, and the photoluminescence characteristics are independent of the excitation wavelength; they have good biocompatibility, a quantum efficiency ≥ 20%, and have good antibacterial and bacteriostatic activities. The inhibition rate against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus can reach 99.9% at a concentration of 2 μg / mL, and have broad application prospects in antibacterial and anti-inflammatory and promoting wound healing.

[0042] The following further elaborates the present invention in conjunction with embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Add fulvic acid and spermine to deionized water, stir and dissolve to make the concentration of fulvic acid 1.0 mM and the concentration of spermine 8.0 mM; then place the obtained solution in a high-pressure reaction kettle and react at 180 °C for 12 h to obtain a red-light carbon quantum dot solution. After cooling to room temperature, filter through a 0.22 μm water-based microfiltration membrane and dialyze with a 1000 Da dialysis bag respectively to obtain pure red-light carbon quantum dots, with a yield ≥ 80% and a quantum efficiency of 21%. Its fluorescence emission spectrum is as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 is the fluorescence emission spectrum of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 1 of the present application. From Figure 1It can be seen that the photoluminescence wavelengths of the red-light carbon quantum dots provided by this application are 680 nm and 720 nm, and this photoluminescence property is independent of the excitation wavelength.

[0045] The single colonies of Staphylococcus aureus were obtained by the streak plate method. The single colonies were grown overnight (12 h) in a liquid LB medium in a 37 °C culture oscillator (220 rpm). The overnight culture was inoculated into fresh LB medium and shaken overnight. Then, the absorbance (OD600) of the bacterial suspension at 600 nm was detected by a Spectra MAX M5 microplate reader. 10 μL of the bacterial solution was added to the liquid medium and cultured at 37 °C until OD = 0.6 - 0.8 to obtain a raw bacterial suspension with a concentration of 10 9 CFU / mL, which was diluted to 10 3 CFU / mL; a red-light carbon quantum dot solution with a concentration of 2 μg / mL was prepared with sterilized PBS. 100 μL of the bacterial solution with a concentration of 10 3 CFU / mL was incubated with 200 μL of the red-light carbon quantum dot solution with a concentration of 2 μg / mL at 30 °C for 3 h to obtain an incubation solution. 100 μL of the incubation solution was spread on a solid agar medium. The solid agar plate after spreading was incubated at 37 °C for 12 h, and the colony count was observed. Finally, the antibacterial rate was 99.9% by counting the bacteria on the plate.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Humic acid and spermidine were added to deionized water and stirred to dissolve, so that the concentration of humic acid was 3.0 mM and the concentration of spermidine was 6.0 mM; then the obtained solution was placed in a high-pressure reaction kettle and reacted at 200 °C for 10 h to obtain a red-light carbon quantum dot solution. After cooling to room temperature, it was filtered through a 0.22 μm aqueous microporous membrane and dialyzed with a 1000 Da dialysis bag respectively to obtain pure red-light carbon quantum dots. The yield was ≥80%, and the quantum efficiency was 23%. The transmission electron microscope photograph is as Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 is the transmission electron microscope photograph of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 2 of this application; its particle size distribution diagram is as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 is the particle size distribution diagram of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 2 of this application. It can be Figure 3 seen that the particle size of the carbon quantum dots prepared in this application is about 1 nm - 2.5 nm.

[0048] The single colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained by the streak plate method. The single colonies were grown overnight (12 h) in a liquid LB medium at 37 °C in a culture shaker (220 rpm). The overnight culture was inoculated into fresh LB medium and shaken overnight. Then, the absorbance (OD600) of the bacterial suspension at 600 nm was detected by a Spectra MAX M5 microplate reader. 10 μL of the bacterial solution was added to the liquid medium and cultured at 37 °C until OD = 0.6 - 0.8, obtaining a raw bacterial suspension with a concentration of 10 9 CFU / mL, which was diluted to 10 3 CFU / mL; A red-light carbon quantum dot solution with a concentration of 2 μg / mL was prepared with sterilized PBS. 100 μL of the 10 3 CFU / mL bacterial solution was incubated with 200 μL of the red-light carbon quantum dot solution with a concentration of 2 μg / mL at 30 °C for 3 h to obtain an incubation solution. 100 μL of the incubation solution was spread on a solid agar medium. The solid agar plate after spreading was incubated at 37 °C for 12 h, and the colony count was observed. Finally, the antibacterial rate was 99.9% by counting the bacteria on the plate.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Humic acid and triethylenetetramine were added to deionized water and stirred to dissolve, so that the concentration of humic acid was 5.0 mM and the concentration of triethylenetetramine was 2.0 mM. Then the obtained solution was placed in a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 220 °C for 8 h to obtain a red-light carbon quantum dot solution. After cooling to room temperature, it was filtered through a 0.22 μm aqueous microporous membrane and dialyzed with a 1000 Da dialysis bag respectively to obtain pure red-light carbon quantum dots. The yield was ≥80%, the quantum efficiency was 22%, and its surface Zeta potential was as Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 This is the graph of the change in Zeta potential before and after the combination of the red-light carbon quantum dots (CQD) prepared in Example 3 of this application and MRSA bacteria.

[0051] The single colonies of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were obtained by the streak plate method. The single colonies were grown overnight (12 h) in a liquid LB medium at 37 °C in a culture shaker (220 rpm). The overnight culture was inoculated into fresh LB medium and shaken overnight. Then, the absorbance (OD600) of the bacterial suspension at 600 nm was detected by a Spectra MAX M5 microplate reader. 10 μL of the bacterial solution was added to the liquid medium and cultured at 37 °C until OD = 0.6 - 0.8, obtaining a raw bacterial suspension with a concentration of 10 9 CFU / mL, which was diluted to 10 3CFU / mL; Prepare a red-light carbon quantum dot solution with a concentration of 2 μg / mL using sterilized PBS. Take 100 μL of 10 3 CFU / mL bacterial solution and 200 μL of the red-light carbon quantum dot solution with a concentration of 2 μg / mL and incubate at 30 °C for 3 h to obtain an incubation solution. Take 100 μL of the incubation solution and spread it on a solid agar medium. Incubate the spread solid agar plate at 37 °C for 12 h, and observe the colony count. Finally, obtain an antibacterial rate of 99.9% by counting the bacteria on the plate. See Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 is the Zeta potential change diagram of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 3 of this application before and after binding to MRSA bacteria, Figure 5 is the scanning electron microscope photograph of the destruction of the cell wall of MRSA bacteria by the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 3 of this application. From Figure 4 and Figure 5 it can be seen that the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 3 of this application have a high Zeta potential and are easily attracted by the bacterial cell membrane through electrostatic adsorption, thereby destroying the bacterial cell membrane and achieving a good antibacterial effect.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that spermine is not added, and the obtained product has no red-light emission, and the antibacterial rate is less than 50%.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] Compared with Example 2, glucose is used as the carbon source, and carbon quantum dots are obtained through a hydrothermal reaction with spermidine. Its emission wavelength is 640 nm, and the antibacterial rate is less than 70%.

[0056] The antibacterial properties of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were tested according to the method described in Example 1. The results are shown in Figure 6 and Table 1. Figure 6 is the antibacterial property test photograph of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in the examples and comparative examples against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Table 1 is the antibacterial property test results of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in the examples and comparative examples against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

[0057] Table 1 Antibacterial property test results of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in Example 1 and comparative examples

[0058]

[0059] From Figure 6 and Table 1, it can be seen that the carbon quantum dots prepared by the method provided in this application have more excellent antibacterial effects. The experimental results show that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the red-light carbon quantum dots prepared in the examples of this application against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is 2 μg / mL, and the bactericidal rates against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae at a concentration of 2 μg / mL reach 99.9%.

[0060] As mentioned above, the above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent replacements or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A red-light carbon quantum dot is prepared by a hydrothermal reaction using fulvic acid and polyamine as raw materials.

2. The red-light carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that, Its particle size is 1 nm to 3 nm.

3. The red light carbon quantum dots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, spermine, and spermidine.

4. A preparation method of a red-light carbon quantum dot, comprising the following steps: Mix fulvic acid and polyamine and perform a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a red-light carbon quantum dot solution; Filter and dialyze the red-light carbon quantum dot solution in sequence to obtain a red-light carbon quantum dot.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the fulvic acid to the polyamine is 1.0 to 5.0:2.0 to 8.

0.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, spermine, and spermidine.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 160 °C to 250 °C, and the time is 5 h to 12 h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filtration is microfiltration, and the pore size of the microfiltration is 0.1 μm to 0.3 μm; The molecular weight of the dialysis is 500 to 2000 Da.

9. Use of the red-light carbon quantum dot according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the red-light carbon quantum dot prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 8 in the preparation of an antibacterial agent.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The target bacteria of the antibacterial agent include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

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