Water-locking artificial black soil, water-locking void brick, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention provides water-locking artificial black soil, a water-locking void brick, a preparation method and application. The preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil comprises the following steps: mixing a water-locking material with artificial black soil according to a certain proportion to obtain the water-locking artificial black soil, wherein the artificial black soil is obtained by mixing fermented and decomposed organic matters with soil according to a certain proportion. The water-locking artificial black soil comprises the artificial black soil prepared by the preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil. The preparation method of the water-locking void brick comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the water-locking artificial black soil and the glue, granulating, injecting into a mold, and carrying out compression molding to obtain the water-locking void brick. The application comprises greening application. The method has the advantages that soil aggregates are increased, soil hardening is not prone to occurring, the air permeability of the soil is improved, and the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly to water-locking artificial black soil, water-locking void bricks, preparation methods and applications. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to abnormal climate and water resource shortage, the water on the ground surface is extremely easy to evaporate, which also causes some water on the ground to be unable to penetrate under the ground surface. After the soil becomes too dry, it will cause land cracking, low vegetation survival rate, and the soil's soil fixation and water-locking functions seriously affect industrial and agricultural production. In addition, when the soil becomes arid, fertilizers are also difficult to be completely absorbed by the soil, and fertilizers are easy to volatilize in a dry environment. Preventing land desertification and soil erosion is a major issue in environmental protection. The existing water-locking methods can only inhibit or slow down water evaporation and cannot achieve water replenishment for plant growth, resulting in slow plant growth. At present, there is an urgent need for a method that can effectively lock water, increase soil nutrient content, and promote plant growth. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art. One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an artificial black soil that can effectively lock soil water and increase soil nutrient content.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, on the one hand, the present invention provides a preparation method of water-locking artificial black soil.

[0005] The method includes the following steps: mixing a water-locking material with artificial black soil in a certain proportion to obtain water-locking artificial black soil; wherein, the artificial black soil is obtained by mixing fermented and decomposed organic matter with soil in a certain proportion.

[0006] Optionally, the mass ratio of the water-locking material to the artificial black soil can be 1:100 to 5:100.

[0007] Optionally, the water-locking material can include a high molecular water-absorbing resin.

[0008] Optionally, the organic matter can include agricultural and forestry biomass and a slurry-like organic matter containing facultative anaerobic fermentation bacteria; wherein, the agricultural and forestry biomass includes one or more of straws, dead branches, and animal feces; the slurry-like organic matter includes the organic matter obtained by pulverizing and pulping kitchen waste.

[0009] Optionally, the mass ratio of the slurry-like organic matter to the agricultural and forestry biomass is 1:3 to 1:5; the mass ratio of the slurry-like organic matter to the facultative anaerobic bacteria is 1:0.002 to 1:0.01.

[0010] Optionally, the organic matter content in the artificial black soil is ≥6%; the total nutrient content is ≥0.8%; among them, the total nutrient content is the total content of N, P2O5, and K2O.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention provides a water-locking artificial black soil. The water-locking artificial black soil includes the artificial black soil prepared by the preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil as described above.

[0012] Optionally, the water absorption rate of the water-locking artificial black soil can be 0-350%.

[0013] On yet another aspect, the present invention provides a preparation method of water-locking void bricks.

[0014] The method includes the following steps: mixing the water-locking artificial black soil with a sizing agent evenly, granulating, injecting into a mold, and pressing into shape to obtain water-locking void bricks.

[0015] On yet another aspect, the present invention provides a water-locking void brick. The void brick includes the void brick prepared by the preparation method of the water-locking void brick as described above.

[0016] On yet another aspect, the present invention provides an application of the water-locking void brick in the field of greening. The water-locking void brick includes the above-mentioned water-locking void brick. Specific applications may include greening in soil-free areas or soil-poor areas, for example, in planar and / or three-dimensional greening work in one of the soil-free and soil-poor areas.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least one of the following:

[0018] (1) It can effectively lock water, increase the organic matter content and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the soil, increase soil fertility, improve the looseness of the soil, and increase soil air permeability, thereby effectively solving the problems of low soil water retention, soil compaction, and low fertility.

[0019] (2) The water-locking artificial black soil can be used as nutrient soil directly for potted plants, solving the problem of low water retention of traditional nutrient soil.

[0020] (3) The water-locking material can absorb and store 2000 times its own weight of water, absorb water when there is abundant external water, and slowly release water when there is a lack of external water.

[0021] (4) The water-locking void bricks can replace soil for planar and three-dimensional greening in soil-free areas or soil-poor areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Through the following description in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects and features of the present invention will become clearer, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 Shows the Chinese prickly ash trees planted with water-locking artificial black soil in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention.

[0025] Exemplary embodiment 1

[0026] This exemplary embodiment provides a method for preparing water-locking artificial black soil. The method includes the following steps: mixing a water-locking material with artificial black soil in a certain proportion to obtain water-locking artificial black soil; wherein, the artificial black soil is obtained by mixing organic matter after fermentation and decomposition with soil in a certain proportion.

[0027] In this embodiment, the mass ratio of the water-locking material to the artificial black soil can be 1:100 to 5:100; for example, 2:100, 3:100, 4:100.

[0028] In this embodiment, the water-locking material includes a superabsorbent polymer. The superabsorbent polymer can absorb and store 2000 times its own weight of water. When there is abundant external water, it absorbs water, and when there is a lack of external water, it slowly releases water. When the external water is abundant, the ionic hydrophilic groups in the superabsorbent polymer dissociate under the action of water molecules. At the same time, the anions remain fixed on the polymer chain, and the dissociated and mobile cations maintain electrical neutrality inside the resin. Due to the high elasticity of the network structure of the polymer backbone, a large amount of water molecules can be accommodated. When the cross-linking density of the polymer network structure is relatively large, the ductility of the superabsorbent polymer molecular chain is restricted, resulting in a decrease in the water absorption rate. As the dissociation process progresses gradually, the number of anions on the polymer backbone gradually increases, and the electrostatic repulsion between the same ions causes the resin to swell. At the same time, the cation concentration inside the resin gradually increases, forming an ion concentration difference between the inside and outside of the polymer backbone structure. The generation of ion concentration osmotic pressure enables water molecules to further enter the polymer interior. When the driving force provided by the ion concentration difference is not less than the resistance of the polymer cross-linking structure and the interaction between molecular chains, the water absorption degree of the superabsorbent polymer reaches the saturation state. On the contrary, when there is a lack of external water, the ion concentration outside the resin is higher than that inside, the reverse osmotic pressure increases, water molecules permeate outward, and the ion concentration difference on the surface and inside of the resin is small, and the water molecule permeation speed is slow.

[0029] In this embodiment, the organic matter includes agricultural and forestry biomass and a slurry-like organic matter containing facultative anaerobic fermentation bacteria; wherein, the agricultural and forestry biomass includes one or more of straws, dead branches, and animal feces; the slurry-like organic matter includes the organic matter obtained by pulverizing and pulping kitchen waste. Using agricultural and forestry biomass and kitchen waste as raw materials effectively solves problems such as their difficult treatment and waste of resources.

[0030] In this embodiment, the mass ratio of the pasty organic matter to the agricultural and forestry biomass is 1:3 to 1:5, such as 1:4, 1:4.5; the mass ratio of the pasty organic matter to the facultative anaerobic bacteria group is 1:0.002 to 1:0.01, such as 1:0.004, 1:0.006, 1:0.008.

[0031] In this embodiment, the organic matter content in the artificial black soil is ≥6%, such as 7%, 10%, 15%. The total nutrient content in the artificial black soil is ≥0.8%, such as 1.0%, 1.5%, 5%, 10%. Among them, the total nutrient content refers to the total content of N, P2O5, and K2O.

[0032] The organic matter content, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, and the number of microbial flora in the artificial black soil can supplement the substances lacking in the soil and effectively improve the soil fertility. The anionic chains on the surface of the water-locking material combine with the electrolyte microaggregates in the soil to form a stable colloid, which can retain soil moisture. The soil aggregates increase and are not easily compacted, increasing soil air permeability and enhancing water and fertilizer retention capacity, effectively solving problems such as low soil water retention capacity, soil compaction, and low fertility.

[0033] Exemplary Embodiment 2

[0034] This exemplary embodiment provides a water-locking artificial black soil. The water-locking artificial black soil includes the water-locking artificial black soil prepared by the preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil described in Exemplary Embodiment 1.

[0035] In this embodiment, the water absorption rate of the water-locking artificial black soil is 0 to 350%, such as 100%, 120%, 150%, 200%, 250%, 300%. Table 1 shows the comparative statistics of the water content of the artificial black soil and the water-locking artificial black soil within 96 hours.

[0036] Table 1 Comparative Table of Water Content of Artificial Black Soil and Water-Locking Artificial Black Soil

[0037]

[0038] As can be seen from Table 1, the water-locking artificial black soil can absorb more water, and its water retention effect is significantly better than that of the artificial black soil.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water-locking artificial black soil can be used as a soil conditioner, can be used as a fertilizer, or can be used directly as a nutrient soil for potted plants to solve the problem of low water retention capacity of traditional nutrient soil.

[0040] In this embodiment, the water-locking artificial black soil can be in a discrete state, granular state, or can be pressed into a shape. The products pressed into a shape can replace the soil for planar and three-dimensional greening in soil-free areas or soil-poor areas.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figure 1 it is a Chinese prickly ash tree planted with the water-locking artificial black soil of the present invention. The water-locking artificial black soil increases the number of soil earthworms, extends the water replenishment interval, makes the Chinese prickly ash branches and leaves lush, and the Chinese prickly ash grains plump and of uniform size.

[0042] Exemplary Embodiment 3

[0043] This exemplary embodiment provides a method for preparing water-locking void bricks. The method includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Mix the water-locking artificial black soil and the sizing agent evenly and granulate to obtain granular materials.

[0045] In this embodiment, the mass ratio of the water-locking artificial black soil to the sizing agent is 1:0.8 to 1:1.2, such as 1:0.9, 1:1, 1:1.1. The mixture of the sizing agent and the water-locking artificial black soil forms a whole under the solidification characteristics of the sizing agent and has a certain compressive and tear-resistant strength.

[0046] S2. Inject the granular materials into a mold after mixing evenly and press them into shape to obtain water-locking void bricks.

[0047] Exemplary Embodiment 4

[0048] This exemplary embodiment provides a water-locking void brick. The water-locking void brick includes the void brick prepared by the preparation method of the water-locking void brick described in Exemplary Embodiment 3.

[0049] In this embodiment, the water-locking void bricks can be used for planar and three-dimensional greening in soil-free areas or infertile soil areas.

[0050] In this embodiment, the water-locking void bricks are easy to lay and prevent runoff. After being laid in the area to be treated, spray until the void bricks are fully absorbed with water, and then sow or drill seeds of flowers, plants and vegetables on them.

[0051] The organic matter content of the water-locking artificial black soil and the water-locking void bricks prepared by the present invention is ≥30%, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients is ≥1%, the pH value is 7-8.5, the sodium ion content is ≤0.2%, the total mercury is ≤3mg / kg, the total arsenic is ≤40mg / kg, the total chromium is ≤200mg / kg, the lead is ≤170mg / kg, the cadmium is ≤0.6mg / kg, the copper is ≤200mg / kg, and the nickel is ≤190mg / kg. The water-locking artificial black soil and the water-locking void bricks can enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, effectively solve the problems of low soil water retention capacity, soil compaction and low fertility, and have low heavy metal content, which will not affect the growth and development of plants, and are green and environmentally friendly.

[0052] The water-locking artificial black soil prepared by the present invention includes the following usage methods: A. The discrete water-locking artificial black soil prepared by mixing the artificial black soil and the water-locking material is directly applied to the soil. B. The small aggregate water-locking artificial black soil prepared by mixing the artificial black soil, the water-locking agent and the adhesive with water is directly applied to the soil. C. The water-locking artificial black soil void bricks are prepared by solidifying the mixture of the artificial black soil, the water-locking agent and the adhesive with water, and are laid on the surface without soil such as the ground surface or buildings to prevent runoff and replace the soil base on which plants depend for survival.

[0053] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A preparation method of water-locking artificial black soil, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: Mix a water-locking material with artificial black soil in a certain proportion to obtain water-locking artificial black soil; Among them, the artificial black soil is obtained by mixing the fermented and decomposed organic matter with the soil in a certain proportion.

2. The preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the water-locking material to the artificial black soil is 1:100 to 5:

100.

3. The preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-locking material includes a superabsorbent resin.

4. The method for preparing the water-locking artificial black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic matter includes agricultural and forestry biomass and a slurry organic matter containing facultative anaerobic fermentation flora; among them, The agricultural and forestry biomass includes one or more of straw, dead branches and animal manure; The slurry organic matter includes the organic matter obtained by pulverizing and pulping kitchen waste.

5. The preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil according to claim 4, characterized in that The mass ratio of the slurry organic matter to the agricultural and forestry biomass is 1:3 to 1:5; The mass ratio of the slurry organic matter to the facultative anaerobic flora is 1:0.002 to 1:0.

01.

6. The preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic matter content in the artificial black soil is ≥6%; the total nutrient content is ≥0.8%; among them, the total nutrient content is the total content of N, P2O5, and K2O.

7. A water-locking artificial black soil, characterized in that, The water-locking artificial black soil includes the artificial black soil prepared by the preparation method of the water-locking artificial black soil according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The water-locking artificial black soil according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water absorption rate of the water-locking artificial black soil is 0 to 350%.

9. A preparation method of a water-locking void brick, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Mix the water-locking artificial black soil according to claim 7 with a sizing agent evenly, granulate, and then inject it into a mold and press it into shape to obtain a water-locking void brick.

10. Application of a water-locking void brick in the field of greening, characterized in that, The void brick includes the water-locking void brick prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9.

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