An optimization method for coal tar processing processes

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of optimization for coal tar processing, and discloses an optimization method for coal tar processing. The initial temperature of the coal tar raw material is measured by a thermometer, and a target heating temperature is set to avoid excessive heating leading to cracking or decomposition. The setting of the target heating temperature takes into account the thermal stability of the coal tar to prevent unnecessary side reactions. During the heating process, a dynamic temperature control strategy is adopted to adjust the heating power in real time according to the temperature, mass and other parameters of the coal tar, and the heating rate is accurately controlled. The introduction of the adjustment coefficient and the balance factor makes the heating process more stable. Dynamic adjustment of the heating power ensures that the temperature of the coal tar raw material gradually approaches the target temperature, improving energy utilization efficiency. The balance factor and the adjustment coefficient effectively control the stability of the heating process, reduce mass fluctuations, and avoid component loss caused by overheating or uneven heating.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optimization for coal tar processing process, in particular to an optimization method for coal tar processing process. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal tar is a byproduct produced in the process of coal gasification, usually containing various organic substances such as benzene, toluene, tar naphthalene, etc., and is widely used in chemical, metallurgical, energy and other industries. The processing and processing of coal tar is the key link to improve its added value and realize resource recycling. Its processing process mainly includes distillation, distillation, extraction and other process steps for separating different chemical components. However, the traditional coal tar processing method has many technical bottlenecks, which restricts the improvement of processing efficiency and distillation effect. With the increase of coal tar output, the optimization demand of its processing process is increasingly strong, and how to improve the distillation efficiency of coal tar, save energy consumption and improve resource utilization has become an important direction of current technical research and development.

[0003] The traditional coal tar heating process usually relies on simple heating power setting and lacks the ability of dynamic adjustment. In this way, it is easy to have too high or too low temperature in the heating process, resulting in uneven heating of coal tar raw materials, and even part of the high-value light components may be lost. In addition, the temperature difference control in the heating process of coal tar is not accurate, which easily leads to uneven distribution of temperature gradient in the tower, affecting the thermodynamic process in the distillation tower and reducing the separation efficiency. The operation control of traditional coal tar distillation tower mainly relies on the static setting of flow rate and temperature parameters, and lacks real-time feedback control. The usual flow rate setting does not take into account the changes of component concentration in the distillation tower and the dynamic changes of steam and liquid, resulting in that the concentration of light components at the top of the tower and heavy components at the bottom cannot reach the best distribution in the actual distillation process, and the distillation efficiency is low. In the traditional coal tar distillation process, the reflux ratio adjustment relies on manual experience and fixed rules for adjustment, and lacks automatic adjustment mechanism based on real-time data feedback. The optimization of reflux ratio is crucial to improve the distillation efficiency, but the traditional method cannot flexibly adjust the reflux ratio according to real-time operation parameters, steam and liquid pressure difference and other factors, thereby affecting the overall separation effect.

[0004] In summary, the present application aims to provide an optimization method for coal tar processing process, which dynamically adjusts the heating power, steam flow rate, liquid flow rate and reflux ratio and other operation parameters through more accurate and intelligent control strategy to improve the distillation efficiency of coal tar. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an optimization method for coal tar processing process, which promotes the solution to the problems mentioned in the background.

[0006] The application provides the following technical scheme: an optimization method for a coal tar processing technology, comprising:

[0007] Extracting coal tar raw materials from a coal tar storage, filtering the coal tar using a filter screen;

[0008] Measuring the initial temperature of the coal tar raw materials using a thermometer, denoted as ;

[0009] Starting a heating device, putting the coal tar raw materials into the heating device, and setting an initial processing power, denoted as ;

[0010] Obtaining the heating target temperature of the coal tar raw materials, denoted as ;

[0011] Gradually heating the coal tar raw materials to ;

[0012] The dynamic temperature control strategy is specifically as follows:

[0013] Obtaining the temperature of the coal tar raw materials at time , denoted as ;

[0014] Obtaining the mass of the coal tar raw materials put into the heating device, denoted as , in kilograms;

[0015] Obtaining the specific heat capacity of the coal tar raw materials, denoted as , in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius;

[0016] The dynamic adjustment of the heating power is specifically as follows:

[0017] ;

[0018] Wherein, is the heating power at time ; is the time;

[0019] The change of the temperature is controlled by the following dynamic temperature control model:

[0020] ;

[0021] Wherein, is an adjustment coefficient; is a balance factor; is a time variable;

[0022] When the coal tar raw materials are heated to the target temperature When the coal tar raw material is heated to the target temperature, the heated coal tar raw material is injected into the bottom of the fractionating column through a flow meter to fractionate the coal tar raw material;

[0023] When the coal tar raw material is heated to the target temperature , the heated coal tar raw material is injected into the bottom of the fractionating column through a flow meter to fractionate the coal tar raw material, specifically including:

[0024] Turning on the heating device of the fractionating column, the coal tar raw material is preheated to the target temperature ;

[0025] The steam supply target pressure is set to ;

[0026] The steam source is adjusted so that the steam supply pressure reaches the steam supply target pressure ;

[0027] The initial flow rate ratio of the steam flow rate to the liquid flow rate at the bottom of the fractionating column is set to ;

[0028] The liquid is the coal tar raw material;

[0029] Every 10 seconds, the steam flow rate and the liquid flow rate at the bottom of the fractionating column are recorded in sequence, and the flow rate ratio is calculated in real time: ;

[0030] If the real-time calculated deviates from by more than 10%, the control system automatically adjusts the flow rate:

[0031] ;

[0032] ;

[0033] wherein, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the dynamic adjustment amount of the steam flow rate; is the dynamic adjustment amount of the liquid flow rate;

[0034] The temperature gradient distribution in the fractionating column is monitored and controlled.

[0035] Optionally, the monitoring and control of the temperature gradient distribution in the fractionating column specifically includes:

[0036] Starting from the bottom of the fractionating column, a temperature measurement point is set every 1 meter, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the position of the temperature measurement point;

[0037] The temperature of each temperature measurement point is obtained through the temperature sensor;

[0038] The temperature of the temperature measuring point with a height of is recorded as ;

[0039] The temperature of the bottom of the fractionating column is obtained and recorded as ;

[0040] The target temperature of the bottom of the fractionating column is obtained and recorded as ;

[0041] The temperature of the top of the fractionating column is obtained and recorded as ;

[0042] When the fractionating operation is performed, the heating device is adjusted so that the following temperature gradient distribution is met in the fractionating column:

[0043] ;

[0044] wherein, is the temperature drop gradient, indicating the temperature value dropped per meter of height;

[0045] The bottom temperature of the fractionating column is dynamically adjusted by adjusting the heating power, and the formula is as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] wherein, is the power of the heating device; heating efficiency; is the specific heat capacity of the coal tar; is the temperature difference, i.e. ;

[0048] The concentration of light components at the top of the fractionating column and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the fractionating column are monitored, and the flow rates of steam and liquid are adjusted in real time.

[0049] Optionally, the concentration of light components at the top of the fractionating column and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the fractionating column are monitored, and the flow rates of steam and liquid are adjusted in real time, specifically including:

[0050] The concentration of light components at the top of the fractionating column is monitored and recorded as ;

[0051] The concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the fractionating column is monitored and recorded as ;

[0052] The target concentration of light components at the top of the fractionating column is set and recorded as ;

[0053] The target concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the fractionating column is set and recorded as ;

[0054] The steam flow rate and the liquid flow rate are dynamically adjusted by the following formula:

[0055] ;

[0056] ;

[0057] wherein, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient;

[0058] The overall evaluation and optimization of the fractionation efficiency are performed.

[0059] Optionally, the overall evaluation and optimization of the fractionation efficiency specifically includes:

[0060] The light component concentration at a height of is obtained, denoted as ;

[0061] The heavy component concentration at a height of is obtained, denoted as ;

[0062] The total height of the fractionation column is obtained, denoted as ;

[0063] The overall fractionation efficiency in the column is evaluated using the following formula:

[0064] ;

[0065] wherein, is the fractionation efficiency;

[0066] If is constant in the height range in the column, it indicates that the fractionation process is stable and the efficiency is high;

[0067] If is not constant in the height range in the column, it indicates that the fractionation efficiency is low and the operation parameter adjustment is performed.

[0068] Optionally, the operation parameter adjustment specifically includes:

[0069] The target fractionation efficiency is obtained, denoted as ;

[0070] ;

[0071] ;

[0072] wherein, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient;

[0073] By adjusting the reflux ratio, the maximum optimization of the fractionation process is ensured.

[0074] Optionally, the reflux ratio is adjusted to ensure maximum optimization of the fractionation process, specifically including:

[0075] Get the initial ratio of the mass flow rates of the reflux liquid and steam at the top of the fractionating tower, recorded as the initial reflux ratio ;

[0076] The initial mass flow rate ratio of the reflux liquid and steam at the top of the fractionating tower is specifically the ratio when the reflux liquid and steam are just detected at the top of the fractionating tower;

[0077] Get time The pressure of the steam at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ;

[0078] Get time The pressure of the liquid at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ;

[0079] Calculation time The pressure difference between the vapor and liquid at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as :

[0080] ;

[0081] Get time The density of the steam at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ;

[0082] Get time The density of the liquid at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ;

[0083] Real-time calculation of the reflux ratio at the top of the fractionating tower:

[0084] ;

[0085] in, For time Reflux ratio of the distillation tower top; is the reflux ratio adjustment coefficient;

[0086] Perform feedback adjustment of the reflux ratio, specifically:

[0087] ;

[0088] in, is the reflux ratio feedback adjustment coefficient; For time Time fractionation column overhead light component concentration Time Time fractionation column overhead reflux ratio adjustment amount.

[0089] The present application has the following advantages:

[0090] 1. The initial temperature of the coal tar raw material is measured in real time by a thermometer, and the target heating temperature is set. This step avoids the cracking or decomposition of coal tar due to excessive heating, ensuring the quality and yield of the raw material during the fractionation process are not lost. The setting of the heating target temperature takes into account the thermal stability of coal tar, ensuring that the heating process does not produce unnecessary side reactions and avoiding overheating losses. During the heating process, a dynamic temperature control strategy is used to adjust the heating power in real time based on the actual temperature, quality, and other parameters of the coal tar raw material. In this way, the heating rate can be accurately controlled, avoiding the problem of excessive or insufficient heating power. The introduction of adjustment coefficients and balance factors makes the heating process more stable, avoiding uneven heating caused by temperature fluctuations, thereby reducing the efficiency of the fractionation column or the loss of coal tar raw material due to uneven temperature. By dynamically adjusting the heating power, precise control of the heating process is achieved. As time passes, the temperature control model automatically adjusts the increase and decrease of power, ensuring that the temperature of the coal tar raw material gradually approaches the target temperature during the heating process, without being too fast or too slow. This method effectively avoids energy waste during the coal tar heating process, reducing the problem of excessive energy consumption that may occur in traditional heating processes, and improving energy utilization efficiency. The balance factor and adjustment coefficient in the dynamic temperature control model effectively control the stability of the heating process. Through these fine control strategies, the quality fluctuations caused by sharp changes in the heating process are reduced, maintaining the high quality of coal tar. In traditional methods, the loss of coal tar components may occur due to overheating or uneven heating, but this method effectively avoids this problem through precise temperature control.

[0091] 2、Before the coal tar raw material is injected into the fractionating tower, the fractionating tower heating device is turned on to preheat the raw material to the target temperature. This step ensures that the coal tar raw material has reached the expected heating temperature when entering the fractionating tower, thereby ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the fractionation process. Preheating to the target temperature can prevent low fractionation efficiency or process instability caused by too low temperature, optimizing the operating conditions of the entire fractionation process. By setting the target pressure of the steam supply and adjusting the steam source to this pressure, the steam conditions in the fractionating tower are accurately controlled. This adjustment effectively ensures that the steam supply can meet the needs of the fractionation process, helping to improve the fractionation efficiency. At the same time, the initial flow rate ratio of steam flow rate to coal tar liquid flow rate is set, laying the foundation for subsequent flow rate adjustment and ensuring the coordinated flow of steam and liquid in the fractionating tower, thereby improving the fractionation efficiency of coal tar. The steam flow rate and liquid flow rate are recorded every 10 seconds, and the flow rate ratio is calculated. If the deviation exceeds 10%, the system will automatically adjust the flow rate. This real-time monitoring mechanism effectively solves the problem of unstable or low efficiency of the fractionation process caused by mismatch between steam flow rate and liquid flow rate. Automatic adjustment of the flow rate ratio can ensure that the relative flow rate of steam and coal tar raw material is always in the best state, avoiding energy waste and fluctuations in the operation of the fractionating tower, and improving the stability of the production process. Monitoring and controlling the temperature gradient distribution in the fractionating tower ensures uniform temperature distribution during the fractionation process, avoiding poor fractionation caused by uneven temperature. This control step helps to improve the fractionation efficiency of coal tar raw material in the tower, so that different components can be separated as expected, thereby improving the purity and yield of the product. By automatically adjusting the steam flow rate and liquid flow rate through the control system, this mechanism reduces human intervention, improving the level of automation. This not only reduces the workload of the operator, but also improves the accuracy and consistency of the production process, avoiding errors or delays caused by human operation.

[0092] 3、By setting a temperature measuring point every 1 meter in the fractionating column and installing a temperature sensor, the temperature changes of each layer in the column can be monitored in real time. This precise temperature monitoring ensures that the temperature gradient in the fractionating column meets the predetermined standard, avoiding the problem of incomplete fractionation or unstable operation of the fractionating column caused by uneven temperature. This fine temperature control helps to maintain consistent heat distribution in the column, ensuring the fractionation efficiency and stability of the coal tar raw material. By dynamically adjusting the heating device power, the bottom temperature of the fractionating column is controlled to ensure that the temperature difference meets the predetermined gradient standard. According to the specific heat capacity of the coal tar, the difference between the bottom temperature and the target bottom temperature, the heating power is reasonably adjusted to ensure that the bottom temperature is stable within the target range. This step solves the problem of instability caused by temperature fluctuations, ensures the heating effect during fractionation, avoids overheating or insufficient heating, and optimizes the efficiency of heat energy utilization. Adjusting the heating power to meet the temperature gradient requirements allows the light components and heavy components in the fractionating column to be layered according to the predetermined rules. This operation ensures that the temperature distribution of different components in the fractionating column is within the ideal range, avoiding cross-contamination or incomplete separation of light components and heavy components, thereby improving the separation purity and yield of the coal tar raw material. By monitoring the concentration of light components at the top of the fractionating column and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom, the steam and liquid flow rates are adjusted in real time. According to the real-time monitoring results, the flow rate ratio is automatically adjusted to ensure the coordination and consistency of steam and liquid flow rates, avoiding the problem of low fractionation efficiency or unstable temperature in the column caused by mismatched flow rates. This dynamic adjustment mechanism improves the operation accuracy of the fractionating column, making the fractionation process more efficient. By using an automatic control system to adjust the heating power and flow rate, the manual operation is reduced. This mechanism not only reduces the workload of the operator, but also improves the accuracy and consistency of the fractionation process. Automatic operation helps to reduce errors or delays caused by human operation, making the entire fractionation process more efficient and reliable.

[0093] 4. By monitoring the concentration of light components at the top of the fractionating tower and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom, the operator can promptly monitor compositional changes during the fractionation process. This monitoring mechanism helps operators promptly identify potential problems during the light-heavy component separation process, such as incomplete separation or deviations in component concentrations, allowing them to take appropriate adjustments. This precise monitoring ensures the fractionating tower operates at optimal conditions throughout the entire process, preventing mixing of light and heavy components or uneven concentrations. Dynamic adjustment of steam and liquid flow rates based on real-time monitoring data enables precise control of the fractionating tower's operating conditions. This adjustment mechanism, through real-time adjustments to the steam and liquid flow rate adjustment coefficients, ensures that the steam and liquid flow rates remain within an appropriate ratio, avoiding inefficient fractionation caused by flow rate mismatches. This significantly improves the fractionation efficiency of the fractionating tower, ensuring clear and complete separation of different components within the tower. By setting target concentrations for the light component at the top and the heavy component at the bottom, the concentration targets for each component during the fractionation process are clearly defined. This setting facilitates continuous tracking of concentration changes during the fractionation process and allows adjustments based on real-time data. By dynamically adjusting the flow rate, the concentrations of each component within the fractionating tower are maintained within the ideal range, effectively improving the quality of the fractionated product and reducing the production of low-purity components. Holistic evaluation and optimization of fractionation efficiency enables comprehensive analysis of every step in the distillation process and allows for optimization based on this analysis. This systematic optimization approach not only improves the fractionating tower's efficiency but also reduces energy consumption, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of the production process. Comprehensive evaluation and optimization ensure that the fractionating tower can continuously operate at optimal performance, reducing energy waste and material loss during operation. By monitoring concentrations in real time and automatically adjusting flow rates, fractionating tower operation becomes more intelligent and automated. This process reduces the need for manual intervention while improving operational precision and efficiency. The automated adjustment mechanism helps operators mitigate operational fluctuations caused by human error, resulting in smoother fractionating tower operation and further enhancing production stability.

[0094] 5. By obtaining the concentrations of light and heavy components at different heights and using the corresponding formula to calculate the overall fractionation efficiency within the tower, the stability of the fractionation process can be monitored in real time. If the fractionation efficiency remains constant across the tower height range, the fractionation process is stable and efficient. This provides operators with a clear reference for optimal operation, ensuring the tower operates optimally and avoiding efficiency degradation due to improper operation or environmental changes. If the fractionation efficiency is not constant across the tower height range, it indicates instability or a decrease in efficiency. This monitoring step allows operators to quickly identify operational issues in the fractionation tower and make timely adjustments. Adjusting operating parameters such as steam flow rate, liquid flow rate, or heating power can effectively restore the tower to optimal operating conditions, thereby resolving issues such as incomplete fractionation or unstable product quality caused by low efficiency. By evaluating and optimizing the overall fractionation efficiency, the fractionation tower can be ensured to operate at optimal efficiency at all times. Specifically, by adjusting operating parameters, the fractionation efficiency of each layer within the tower is balanced, avoiding over- or under-fractionation in any particular layer, thereby improving product purity and separation performance. This optimization measure not only reduces energy consumption, but also improves product quality and lowers production costs. By monitoring fractionation efficiency in real time, we ensure that all operations within the fractionation tower are performed at optimal efficiency, effectively reducing unnecessary energy waste. By adjusting operating parameters, the fractionation tower maintains a constant fractionation efficiency, avoiding excessive energy consumption caused by low fractionation efficiency and improving the overall efficiency of the production process.

[0095] 6、By explicitly setting the target fractionation efficiency and adjusting operating parameters based on it, the precise control of the fractionation process is ensured. After the target fractionation efficiency is explicitly set, the operator can adjust relevant parameters such as steam flow rate, liquid flow rate, and reflux ratio based on this target to ensure that the operation of the fractionation column is always moving towards the target fractionation efficiency. This process makes the fractionation operation more accurate and avoids the problem of fractionation efficiency deviating from the target value. By adjusting the steam flow rate and liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient, the energy and material transfer efficiency can be optimized. Steam and liquid flow rate have an important influence on the heat exchange effect and material transfer rate of the fractionation column, and reasonable adjustment can ensure that the temperature and material flow in the fractionation column reach the best state. This not only improves the fractionation efficiency, but also avoids energy waste and incomplete separation of materials, ensuring that the fractionation column can still operate stably and efficiently under different loads. Reflux ratio is a key parameter in the operation of the fractionation column, and by reasonably adjusting the reflux ratio, the fractionation efficiency can be effectively improved. Reflux ratio adjustment helps to improve the separation degree of light components and heavy components, and achieves higher separation effect under the premise of saving energy. When the reflux ratio reaches the optimal value, the separation effect in the fractionation process is maximized, thereby improving the purity and quality of the product and avoiding the problem of incomplete separation caused by unreasonable reflux ratio. Through real-time adjustment of steam flow rate, liquid flow rate, and reflux ratio, the stability of the fractionation column can be maintained under changing operating conditions. For example, when the temperature or concentration in the column fluctuates, the operator can quickly restore the stability of the operation by adjusting these parameters, avoiding production interruptions or quality fluctuations caused by system instability. This flexible adjustment mechanism significantly reduces the risk of operation and improves the reliability and stability of the production process. Reasonable adjustment of steam flow rate and liquid flow rate can reduce unnecessary energy consumption in the fractionation process. Optimization of the reflux ratio can also reduce the demand for reflux steam, thereby reducing the amount of steam supplied. This optimization not only saves energy costs, but also improves the economic efficiency and sustainability of the entire fractionation process.

[0096] 7、By accurately obtaining the initial ratio of the mass flow rate of the reflux liquid and the vapor at the top of the fractionating column, the operator can provide an accurate starting point for subsequent reflux ratio adjustment. This step helps to avoid errors in the reflux ratio adjustment process, ensuring consistency and accuracy in the adjustment process. The clear initial reflux ratio provides a basis for subsequent feedback adjustment, avoiding low fractionation efficiency or operation fluctuations caused by inaccurate initial settings. Real-time calculation of the reflux ratio at the top of the fractionating column allows the operator to dynamically adjust the reflux ratio based on real-time data such as vapor and liquid pressure difference, density, etc. This process effectively solves the problem of unbalanced vapor and liquid flow rate in the fractionating column, ensuring that the reflux ratio can respond to changes in the column conditions at any time, ensuring the stability of the fractionation process. By calculating the reflux ratio in real time, the operator can adjust the operating parameters in a timely manner, avoiding problems such as poor fractionation effect and energy waste caused by mismatched reflux ratio. Feedback adjustment of the reflux ratio ensures the optimal distribution of light and heavy components. When the reflux ratio is not in the ideal range, feedback adjustment can be used to adjust the reflux ratio to achieve the desired target light component concentration at the top of the column. This measure effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of light and heavy components, thereby improving the separation efficiency of fractionation and ensuring the stable operation of the fractionation process. By adjusting the reflux ratio, the operator can avoid excessive or insufficient reflux liquid in the fractionation process, ensuring that the pressure difference between the reflux liquid and the vapor is reasonable, thereby improving the fractionation efficiency. Excessive reflux liquid will cause excessive burden on the vapor and liquid, resulting in unnecessary energy waste, while insufficient reflux liquid will result in poor fractionation effect. By precisely adjusting the reflux ratio, the energy utilization rate and fractionation efficiency of the fractionating column can be optimized. The setting of the reflux ratio adjustment coefficient and the feedback adjustment coefficient allows the reflux ratio to be flexibly adjusted according to different operating conditions, thereby improving the flexibility of the fractionating column operation. In the production process, as the raw materials and operating conditions change, the reflux ratio of the fractionating column will be adjusted adaptively, ensuring stable operating conditions and avoiding the risk of operation errors or excessive equipment load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0097] Figure 1 The flowchart of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0099] Embodiment, refer to Figure 1 An optimization method for coal tar processing technology, comprising:

[0100] Extracting coal tar raw materials from the coal tar storage, filtering the coal tar using a filter screen;

[0101] Measuring the initial temperature of the coal tar raw materials using a thermometer, denoted as ;

[0102] Starting the heating device, placing the coal tar raw materials into the heating device, and setting the initial processing power, denoted as ;

[0103] Obtaining the heating target temperature of the coal tar raw materials, denoted as , to avoid excessive heating leading to cracking or decomposition of the coal tar raw materials;

[0104] Gradually heating the coal tar raw materials to by a dynamic temperature control strategy;

[0105] The dynamic temperature control strategy is specifically:

[0106] Obtaining the temperature of the coal tar raw materials at time , denoted as ;

[0107] Obtaining the mass of the coal tar raw materials placed into the coal tar raw materials heating device, denoted as , in kilograms;

[0108] Obtaining the specific heat capacity of the coal tar raw materials, denoted as , in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius;

[0109] The dynamic adjustment of the heating power is specifically:

[0110] ;

[0111] wherein is the heating power at time ; is the time;

[0112] The change in temperature is controlled by the following dynamic temperature control model:

[0113] ;

[0114] wherein is a regulation coefficient, controlling the adjustment rate of the heating power; is a balance factor, adjusting the smoothness of the heating process; is a time variable, used for integral calculation;

[0115] When the coal tar raw materials are heated to the target temperature When the coal tar raw material is heated to the target temperature, the heated coal tar raw material is injected into the bottom of the fractionating column through a flow meter to fractionate the coal tar raw material;

[0116] When the coal tar raw material is heated to the target temperature , the heated coal tar raw material is injected into the bottom of the fractionating column through a flow meter to fractionate the coal tar raw material, specifically including:

[0117] Turning on the heating device of the fractionating column, the coal tar raw material is preheated to the target temperature ;

[0118] The steam supply target pressure is set to ;

[0119] The steam source is adjusted so that the steam supply pressure reaches the steam supply target pressure ;

[0120] The initial flow rate ratio of the steam flow rate to the liquid flow rate at the bottom of the fractionating column is set to ;

[0121] The liquid is the coal tar raw material;

[0122] Every 10 seconds, the steam flow rate and the liquid flow rate at the bottom of the fractionating column are recorded in sequence, and the flow rate ratio is calculated in real time: ;

[0123] If the real-time calculated deviates from by more than 10%, the control system automatically adjusts the flow rate:

[0124] ;

[0125] ;

[0126] wherein, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the dynamic adjustment amount of the steam flow rate; is the dynamic adjustment amount of the liquid flow rate;

[0127] The temperature gradient distribution in the fractionating column is monitored and controlled.

[0128] The initial temperature of the coal tar raw material is measured in real time by a thermometer, and the target heating temperature is set. This step avoids the cracking or decomposition of coal tar due to excessive heating, ensuring the quality and yield of the raw material during the fractionation process. The setting of the heating target temperature takes into account the thermal stability of coal tar, ensuring that the heating process does not produce unnecessary side reactions and avoiding overheating losses. During the heating process, a dynamic temperature control strategy is adopted, which adjusts the heating power in real time according to the actual temperature, mass, and other parameters of the coal tar raw material. In this way, the heating rate can be accurately controlled, avoiding the problem of excessive or insufficient heating power. The introduction of the adjustment coefficient and the balance factor makes the heating process more stable, avoiding uneven heating caused by temperature fluctuations, thereby reducing the efficiency of the fractionation column or the loss of coal tar raw material caused by uneven temperature. By dynamically adjusting the heating power, precise control of the heating process is achieved. Over time, the temperature control model automatically adjusts the increase and decrease of power, ensuring that the temperature of the coal tar raw material gradually approaches the target temperature during the heating process, without being too fast or too slow. This method effectively avoids energy waste during the heating process of coal tar, reduces the problem of excessive energy consumption that may occur in traditional heating processes, and improves the energy utilization efficiency. The balance factor and adjustment coefficient in the dynamic temperature control model effectively control the stability of the heating process. Through these fine control strategies, the quality fluctuations caused by sharp changes in the heating process are reduced, maintaining the high quality of coal tar. In traditional methods, the loss of coal tar components may occur due to overheating or uneven heating, while this method effectively avoids this problem through precise temperature control.

[0129] Before the coal tar raw material is injected into the fractionating tower, the fractionating tower heating device is turned on to preheat the raw material to the target temperature. This step ensures that the coal tar raw material has reached the expected heating temperature when entering the fractionating tower, thereby ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the fractionation process. Preheating to the target temperature prevents low fractionation efficiency or process instability caused by excessively low temperature, optimizing the operating conditions of the entire fractionation process. By setting the target pressure of the steam supply and adjusting the steam source to this pressure, the steam conditions in the fractionating tower are precisely controlled. This adjustment effectively ensures that the steam supply can meet the needs of the fractionation process, helping to improve fractionation efficiency. At the same time, the initial flow rate ratio of steam flow rate to coal tar liquid flow rate is set, laying the foundation for subsequent flow rate adjustment and ensuring the coordinated flow of steam and liquid in the fractionating tower, thereby improving the fractionation efficiency of coal tar. The steam flow rate and liquid flow rate are recorded every 10 seconds, and the flow rate ratio is calculated. If the deviation exceeds 10%, the system will automatically adjust the flow rate. This real-time monitoring mechanism effectively solves the problem of unstable or low-efficiency fractionation process caused by mismatched steam flow rate and liquid flow rate. Automatic adjustment of the flow rate ratio ensures that the relative flow rate of steam and coal tar raw material is always in the best state, avoiding energy waste and fluctuations in the operation of the fractionating tower, and improving the stability of the production process. Monitoring and controlling the temperature gradient distribution in the fractionating tower ensures uniform temperature distribution during the fractionation process, avoiding differences in fractionation efficiency caused by uneven temperature. This control step helps to improve the fractionation efficiency of coal tar raw material in the tower, allowing different components to be separated as expected, thereby improving the purity and yield of the product. By automatically adjusting the steam flow rate and liquid flow rate through the control system, this mechanism reduces human intervention, improving automation. This not only reduces the workload of the operator, but also improves the accuracy and consistency of the production process, avoiding errors or delays caused by human operation.

[0130] The monitoring and control of the temperature gradient distribution in the fractionating tower specifically includes:

[0131] Starting from the bottom of the fractionating tower, a temperature measurement point is set every 1 meter, and a temperature sensor is set at the position of the temperature measurement point;

[0132] The temperature of each temperature measurement point is obtained through the temperature sensor;

[0133] The temperature of the temperature measurement point with a height of is recorded as ;

[0134] The bottom temperature of the fractionating tower is obtained and recorded as ;

[0135] The target temperature of the bottom of the fractionating tower is obtained and recorded as ;

[0136] The top temperature of the fractionating tower is obtained and recorded as ;

[0137] During the fractionation operation, the heating device is adjusted so that the following temperature gradient distribution is met in the fractionation column:

[0138] ;

[0139] wherein, is the temperature drop gradient, representing the temperature value dropped per meter of height;

[0140] By adjusting the heating power, the bottom temperature of the fractionation column is dynamically adjusted, and the formula is as follows:

[0141] ;

[0142] wherein, is the power of the heating device; heating efficiency, with a value range of 0-1; is the specific heat capacity of coal tar; is the temperature difference, i.e. ;

[0143] The concentration of light components at the top of the fractionation column and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the fractionation column are monitored, and the steam and liquid flow rates are adjusted in real time.

[0144] By setting a temperature monitoring point every 1 meter in the fractionating column and installing a temperature sensor, the temperature changes at each layer in the column can be monitored in real time. This precise temperature monitoring ensures that the temperature gradient in the fractionating column meets the predetermined standards, avoiding incomplete fractionation or unstable operation of the fractionating column caused by uneven temperature. This fine temperature control helps maintain consistent heat distribution in the column, ensuring the efficiency and stability of the coal tar raw material fractionation. By dynamically adjusting the heating device power, controlling the fractionating column bottom temperature, and ensuring that the temperature difference meets the predetermined gradient standards, the heating power is adjusted based on the specific heat capacity of the coal tar, the difference between the column bottom temperature and the target temperature, and the column bottom temperature is stabilized within the target range. This step addresses the instability caused by temperature fluctuations, ensuring the heating effect during fractionation, avoiding overheating or insufficient heating, and optimizing the efficiency of heat energy utilization. Adjusting the heating power to meet the temperature gradient requirements allows the light components and heavy components in the fractionating column to be fractionated according to the predetermined rules. This operation ensures that the temperature distribution of different components in the fractionating column is within the ideal range, avoiding cross-contamination or incomplete separation of light components and heavy components, thereby improving the separation purity and yield of coal tar raw materials. By monitoring the light component concentration at the top of the fractionating column and the heavy component concentration at the bottom of the fractionating column, the steam and liquid flow rates are adjusted in real time. Based on real-time monitoring results, the flow rate ratio is automatically adjusted to ensure the coordination and consistency of steam and liquid flow rates, avoiding low fractionation efficiency or unstable column temperature caused by mismatched flow rates. This dynamic adjustment mechanism improves the operation accuracy of the fractionating column, making the fractionation process more efficient. By using an automatic control system to adjust the heating power and flow rate, the manual operation is reduced. This mechanism not only reduces the workload of the operator, but also improves the accuracy and consistency of the fractionation process. Automation helps reduce errors or delays caused by human operation, making the entire fractionation process more efficient and reliable.

[0145] The monitoring of the light component concentration at the top of the fractionating column and the heavy component concentration at the bottom of the fractionating column, and the real-time adjustment of the steam and liquid flow rates, specifically includes:

[0146] Monitoring the light component concentration at the top of the fractionating column, denoted as ;

[0147] Monitoring the heavy component concentration at the bottom of the fractionating column, denoted as ;

[0148] Setting the target light component concentration at the top of the fractionating column, denoted as ;

[0149] Setting the target heavy component concentration at the bottom of the fractionating column, denoted as ;

[0150] Dynamically adjusting the steam flow rate and liquid flow rate by the following formula:

[0151] ;

[0152] ;

[0153] wherein, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient;

[0154] overall evaluation and optimization of the fractionation efficiency.

[0155] By monitoring the concentration of light components at the top of the fractionation column and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom, the changes in composition during the fractionation process can be timely understood. This monitoring mechanism helps the operator to timely find the possible problems in the separation process of light and heavy components, such as incomplete separation or deviation of component concentration, so as to take corresponding adjustment measures. This precise monitoring ensures that the fractionation column is always in the best working state during operation, avoiding the problem of mixing or uneven concentration of light and heavy components. By dynamically adjusting the steam flow rate and liquid flow rate according to the real-time monitoring data, the operating state of the fractionation column can be precisely controlled. This adjustment mechanism ensures that the steam and liquid flow rates are always within the appropriate range through real-time adjustment of the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient and the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient, avoiding the problem of low fractionation efficiency caused by mismatched flow rates. Through this step, the fractionation efficiency of the fractionation column is significantly improved, ensuring that different components can be clearly layered and completely separated in the column. By setting the target concentration of light components at the top and the target concentration of heavy components at the bottom, the concentration targets of each component during the fractionation process can be clearly defined. This setting helps to continuously track the concentration changes during the fractionation process and make adjustments based on real-time data. By dynamically adjusting the flow rate, the concentration of each component in the fractionation column is stabilized within the ideal value range, thereby effectively improving the quality of the fractionated product and reducing the generation of low-purity components. Through overall evaluation and optimization of the fractionation efficiency, each link in the fractionation process can be comprehensively analyzed and optimized based on this. This systematic optimization measure not only improves the fractionation efficiency of the fractionation column, but also reduces energy consumption and improves the overall efficiency of the production process. Through comprehensive evaluation and optimization, it ensures that the fractionation column can work with optimal performance, reducing energy waste and material loss in operation. Through real-time monitoring of the concentration and automatic adjustment of the flow rate, the operation of the fractionation column is more intelligent and automated. In this process, the need for manual intervention is reduced, and the precision and efficiency of the operation are improved. The automatic adjustment mechanism helps the operator to reduce the operation fluctuations caused by human errors, making the operation of the fractionation column more stable and further improving the stability of production.

[0156] The overall evaluation and optimization of the fractionation efficiency specifically includes:

[0157] the concentration of light components at a height of is denoted as ;

[0158] The concentration of the heavy component at the height of is denoted as ;

[0159] The total height of the fractionating column is denoted as ;

[0160] The overall fractionation efficiency in the column is evaluated using the following formula:

[0161] ;

[0162] wherein, is the fractionation efficiency;

[0163] If is constant in the height range in the column, it indicates that the fractionation process is stable and efficient;

[0164] If is not constant in the height range in the column, it indicates that the fractionation efficiency is low, and the operating parameters need to be adjusted.

[0165] By obtaining the concentrations of light and heavy components at different heights and using the corresponding formula to calculate the overall fractionation efficiency in the column, the stability of the fractionation process can be monitored in real time. If the fractionation efficiency is constant in the height range of the column, it indicates that the fractionation process is stable and efficient, which provides clear operation reference for the operator, ensures that the fractionating column operates in ideal state, and avoids the efficiency decline caused by improper operation or environmental changes. When the fractionation efficiency is not constant in the height range of the column, it indicates that the fractionation process is unstable or the efficiency is declining. Through this monitoring step, the operator can quickly identify the problems in the operation of the fractionating column and adjust it in time. Adjusting the operating parameters such as steam flow rate, liquid flow rate or heating power can effectively restore the optimal operating state of the fractionating column, thereby solving the problems of incomplete fractionation or unstable product quality caused by low efficiency. Through the evaluation and optimization of overall fractionation efficiency, the fractionating column can always operate at the best efficiency. Specifically, by adjusting the operating parameters, the fractionation efficiency of each layer in the column is balanced, avoiding the phenomenon of over-fractionation or insufficient fractionation in a certain layer, thereby improving the purity and separation effect of the product. This optimization measure not only reduces energy consumption, but also improves product quality and reduces production cost. By monitoring the fractionation efficiency in real time, the operations of the fractionating column are ensured to be carried out at the best efficiency, effectively reducing unnecessary energy waste. By adjusting the operating parameters, the fractionating column can maintain constant fractionation efficiency, avoiding excessive energy consumption caused by low fractionation efficiency, and improving the overall efficiency of the production process.

[0166] The operation parameter adjustment specifically includes:

[0167] The target fractionation efficiency is obtained, denoted as ;

[0168] ;

[0169] ;

[0170] wherein, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient;

[0171] By adjusting the reflux ratio, the maximum optimization of the fractionation process is ensured.

[0172] By explicitly setting the target fractionation efficiency and adjusting the operation parameters based on it, the precise control of the fractionation process is ensured. When the target fractionation efficiency is explicitly set, the operator can adjust relevant parameters such as steam flow rate, liquid flow rate, and reflux ratio according to this target, ensuring that the operation of the fractionation tower is always directed towards the target fractionation efficiency. This process makes the fractionation operation more precise, avoiding the problem of fractionation efficiency deviating from the target value. By adjusting the steam flow rate and liquid flow rate adjustment coefficients, the efficiency of energy and material transfer can be optimized. Steam and liquid flow rates have a significant impact on the heat exchange effect and material transfer rate of the fractionation tower, and reasonable adjustment can ensure that the temperature and material flow in the fractionation tower reach the best state. This not only improves the fractionation efficiency, but also avoids energy waste and incomplete separation of materials, ensuring that the fractionation tower can still operate stably and efficiently under different loads. The reflux ratio is a key parameter in the operation of the fractionation tower, and by reasonably adjusting the reflux ratio, the fractionation efficiency can be effectively improved. Reflux ratio adjustment helps to improve the separation degree of light components and heavy components, and achieves higher separation effect under the premise of saving energy. When the reflux ratio reaches the optimal value, the separation effect in the fractionation process is maximized, thereby improving the purity and quality of the product and avoiding the problem of incomplete separation caused by unreasonable reflux ratio. Through real-time adjustment of steam flow rate, liquid flow rate, and reflux ratio, the stability of the fractionation tower can be maintained under changing operating conditions. For example, when the temperature or concentration in the tower fluctuates, the operator can quickly restore the stability of the operation by adjusting these parameters, avoiding production interruptions or quality fluctuations caused by system instability. This flexible adjustment mechanism significantly reduces the risk of operation and improves the reliability and stability of the production process. Reasonable adjustment of steam flow rate and liquid flow rate can reduce unnecessary energy consumption in the fractionation process. Optimization of the reflux ratio can also reduce the demand for reflux steam, thereby reducing the amount of steam supplied. This optimization not only saves energy costs, but also improves the economic efficiency and sustainability of the entire fractionation process.

[0173] The maximum optimization of the fractionation process is ensured by adjusting the reflux ratio, specifically including:

[0174] An initial ratio of the mass flow rate of the reflux liquid to the vapor at the top of the fractionation column is obtained, denoted as an initial reflux ratio ;

[0175] The initial ratio of the mass flow rate of the reflux liquid to the vapor at the top of the fractionation column is specifically the ratio when reflux liquid and vapor are first detected at the top of the fractionation column;

[0176] The pressure of the vapor at the top of the fractionation column at time is obtained, denoted as ;

[0177] The pressure of the liquid at the top of the fractionation column at time is obtained, denoted as ;

[0178] The pressure difference between the vapor and the liquid at the top of the fractionation column at time is calculated, denoted as :

[0179] ;

[0180] The density of the vapor at the top of the fractionation column at time is obtained, denoted as ;

[0181] The density of the liquid at the top of the fractionation column at time is obtained, denoted as ;

[0182] The reflux ratio at the top of the fractionation column is calculated in real time:

[0183] ;

[0184] wherein, is the reflux ratio at the top of the fractionation column at time ; is a reflux ratio adjustment coefficient;

[0185] The reflux ratio is adjusted in feedback, specifically:

[0186] ;

[0187] wherein, is a reflux ratio feedback adjustment coefficient; is the concentration of light components at the top of the fractionation column at time ; is the reflux ratio adjustment amount at the top of the fractionation column at time .

[0188] By accurately obtaining the initial ratio of the mass flow rate of the reflux liquid and the vapor at the top of the fractionating column, the operator can provide an accurate starting point for subsequent reflux ratio adjustment. This step helps to avoid errors in the reflux ratio adjustment process, ensuring consistency and accuracy in the adjustment process. The clear initial reflux ratio provides a basis for subsequent feedback adjustment, avoiding low fractionation efficiency or operation fluctuations caused by inaccurate initial settings. Real-time calculation of the reflux ratio at the top of the fractionating column allows the operator to dynamically adjust the reflux ratio based on real-time data such as vapor and liquid pressure difference, density, etc. This process effectively solves the problem of unbalanced vapor and liquid flow rate in the fractionating column, ensuring that the reflux ratio can respond to changes in the column conditions at any time, ensuring the stability of the fractionation process. By calculating the reflux ratio in real time, the operator can adjust the operating parameters in a timely manner, avoiding problems such as poor fractionation effect and energy waste caused by mismatched reflux ratio. Feedback adjustment of the reflux ratio ensures the optimal distribution of light and heavy components. When the reflux ratio is not in the ideal range, feedback adjustment can be used to adjust the reflux ratio to achieve the desired target concentration of light components at the top of the column. This measure effectively solves the problem of uneven distribution of light and heavy components, thereby improving the separation efficiency of fractionation and ensuring the stable operation of the fractionation process. By adjusting the reflux ratio, the operator can avoid excessive or insufficient reflux liquid during the fractionation process, ensuring that the pressure difference between the reflux liquid and the vapor is reasonable, thereby improving the fractionation efficiency. Excessive reflux liquid will cause excessive burden on the vapor and liquid, resulting in unnecessary energy waste, while insufficient reflux liquid will result in poor fractionation effect. By precisely adjusting the reflux ratio, the energy utilization rate and fractionation efficiency of the fractionating column can be optimized. The setting of the reflux ratio adjustment coefficient and the feedback adjustment coefficient allows the reflux ratio to be flexibly adjusted according to different operating conditions, thereby improving the flexibility of the fractionating column operation. In the production process, as the raw materials and operating conditions change, the reflux ratio of the fractionating column will be adjusted adaptively, ensuring stable operating conditions and avoiding the risk of operation errors or excessive equipment load.

[0189] It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can only be used to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action, without necessarily requiring or implying that these entities or actions exist in any such actual relationship or order. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0190] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing coal tar processing technology, characterized in that: include: Extracting coal tar raw materials from a coal tar storage, and filtering the coal tar using a filter; Use a thermometer to measure the initial temperature of the coal tar raw material, which is recorded as ; Start the heating device, put the coal tar raw material into the heating device, and set the initial processing power, which is recorded as ; Obtain the target heating temperature of the coal tar raw material and record the target heating temperature of the coal tar raw material as ; The coal tar raw material is gradually heated by a dynamic temperature control strategy. ; The dynamic temperature control strategy is specifically as follows: Obtain coal tar raw materials in time The temperature at ; Get the mass of coal tar raw material put into the coal tar raw material heating device, record it as , in kilograms; Get the specific heat capacity of coal tar raw material, recorded as , in joules per kilogram per degree Celsius; Dynamically adjust the heating power as follows: ； in, For in time Heating power when For time; The temperature change is controlled by the following dynamic temperature control model: ； in, is the adjustment coefficient; is the balance factor; is the time variable; When the coal tar raw material is heated to the target temperature When the heated coal tar raw material is injected into the bottom of the distillation tower through a flow meter, the coal tar raw material is fractionated; When the coal tar raw material is heated to the target temperature When the heated coal tar raw material is injected into the bottom of the fractionation tower through a flow meter, the coal tar raw material is fractionated, specifically including: Turn on the heating device of the distillation tower to preheat the coal tar raw material to the target temperature ; Set the steam supply target pressure to ; Adjust the steam source so that the steam supply pressure reaches the steam supply target pressure. ; Set the initial flow rate ratio of the steam flow rate to the liquid flow rate at the bottom of the distillation tower to ; The liquid is coal tar raw material; Record the steam flow rate at the bottom of the distillation tower every 10 seconds and liquid flow rate , and calculate the flow rate ratio in real time: ; If real-time calculation Deviation More than 10%, the control system automatically adjusts the flow rate: ； ； in, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the dynamic adjustment of steam flow rate; is the dynamic adjustment amount of liquid flow rate; Monitor and control the temperature gradient distribution in the distillation tower.

2. The method for optimizing coal tar processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring and control of the temperature gradient distribution in the fractionating tower specifically includes: Starting from the bottom of the distillation tower, a temperature measuring point is set every 1 meter, and a temperature sensor is set at the location of the temperature measuring point; Obtain the temperature of each measuring point through the temperature sensor; Set the height to The temperature of the measuring point is recorded as ; Get the temperature at the bottom of the fractionator, recorded as ; Get the target temperature of the bottom of the fractionator, recorded as ; Get the top temperature of the fractionator, recorded as ; During the fractionation operation, the heating device is adjusted so that the following temperature gradient distribution is satisfied in the fractionation tower: ； in, is the temperature drop gradient, which indicates the temperature drop per meter of altitude; By adjusting the heating power, the bottom temperature of the distillation tower is dynamically adjusted. The formula is as follows: ； in, is the power of the heating device; Heating efficiency; is the specific heat capacity of coal tar; is the temperature difference, i.e. ; Monitor the concentration of light components at the top of the fractionator and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the fractionator, and adjust the steam and liquid flow rates in real time.

3. The method for optimizing coal tar processing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring of the concentration of light components at the top of the fractionating tower and the concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the fractionating tower and the real-time adjustment of the steam and liquid flow rates specifically includes: Monitor the concentration of light components at the top of the distillation tower, recorded as ; Monitor the concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the distillation tower, recorded as ; Set the target concentration of light components at the top of the fractionator, denoted as ; Set the target concentration of heavy components at the bottom of the distillation tower, denoted as ; The steam flow rate and liquid flow rate are dynamically adjusted by the following formula: ； ； in, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient; Holistic evaluation and optimization of fractionation efficiency.

4. The method for optimizing coal tar processing technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The overall evaluation and optimization of the fractionation efficiency specifically includes: Get the height The concentration of light components at ; Get the height The concentration of the heavy component at ; Get the total height of the distillation tower, recorded as ; The overall fractionation efficiency within the column was estimated using the following formula: ； in, is the fractionation efficiency; like Height range in the tower The upper part is a constant, indicating that the fractionation process is stable and efficient; like Height range in the tower If the value above is not a constant, it means that the fractionation efficiency is low and the operating parameters need to be adjusted.

5. The method for optimizing coal tar processing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operating parameter adjustment specifically includes: Get the target fractionation efficiency, denoted as ; ； ； in, is the steam flow rate adjustment coefficient; is the liquid flow rate adjustment coefficient; By adjusting the reflux ratio, the maximum optimization of the fractionation process is ensured.

6. The method for optimizing coal tar processing technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reflux ratio is adjusted to ensure maximum optimization of the fractionation process, specifically including: Get the initial ratio of the mass flow rates of the reflux liquid and steam at the top of the fractionating tower, recorded as the initial reflux ratio ; The initial mass flow rate ratio of the reflux liquid and steam at the top of the fractionating tower is specifically the ratio when the reflux liquid and steam are just detected at the top of the fractionating tower; Get time The pressure of the steam at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ; Get time The pressure of the liquid at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ; Calculation time The pressure difference between the vapor and liquid at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as : ； Get time The density of the steam at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ; Get time The density of the liquid at the top of the distillation tower is recorded as ; Real-time calculation of the reflux ratio at the top of the fractionating tower: ； in, For time Reflux ratio of the distillation tower top; is the reflux ratio adjustment coefficient; Perform feedback adjustment of the reflux ratio, specifically: ； in, is the reflux ratio feedback adjustment coefficient; For time The concentration of light components at the top of the distillation tower; For time Time fractionation tower top reflux ratio adjustment amount.

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