Trans-boundary composition containing mortierella, oleaginous yeast and streptomyces aureomycin and application of trans-boundary composition in biological prevention and control of panax notoginseng

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant disease prevention and control, in particular to a composition containing mortierella, oleaginous yeast and streptomyces as well as a preparation and application of the composition. The composition comprises strains of Mortierella alpina (Mortierella alpina) B28-1, strains of oil-producing yeast (Saitozymapoda) 85151 and strains of streptomyces aureomycin (Streptomyces aureomycin) 90372, conidia and / or volatile matters of bacterial cultures, and the volume ratio of the Mortierella alpina B28-1 to the oil-producing yeast 85151 to the streptomyces aureomycin 90372 is 1: 1: 1. The composition and the preparation thereof are used for biological prevention and treatment of pseudo-ginseng diseases, relieving the soil continuous cropping effect in the pseudo-ginseng growth process and promoting pseudo-ginseng growth. The method has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant disease prevention and control, and particularly relates to a cross-kingdom composition comprising Mortierella, Yarrowia lipolytica and Streptomyces aureofaciens and its application in the biological control of Panax notoginseng. Background Art

[0002] Root rot is a highly destructive plant disease caused by various soil-borne pathogens, posing a severe challenge to crop yields worldwide. Among them, Fusarium spp., as a widely distributed pathogen, poses a particularly serious threat to global crops. Fusarium is known for its strong survival ability and diverse transmission routes, becoming a major problem in plant pathology research. To combat such pathogens, researchers have explored and developed several environmentally friendly prevention and control measures, including crop rotation systems, soil disinfection techniques, and biological control strategies. However, due to the high complexity of the soil ecosystem, it is difficult to achieve the effect of completely eliminating pathogens by relying solely on physical, chemical, or biological single methods. More importantly, Fusarium exhibits a wide range of host adaptability and inherent soil habitat preferences, which enables the pathogen to continue to survive and reproduce even after conventional soil disinfection measures are implemented or crop rotation strategies are adopted. In view of this, completely eliminating pathogens from the soil is almost an unattainable goal. Therefore, by adjusting the soil microbiome structure and constructing a soil environment that can naturally inhibit pathogen growth, it is considered an important way to achieve long-term and effective management of root rot. This method not only helps to reduce the use of chemical pesticides but also promotes the sustainable development of agricultural production.

[0003] Numerous studies have revealed that leveraging the inhibitory effects of microbial communities to manage disease-infested soils is a core strategy for controlling soil-borne diseases. However, during the growth cycle of crops, chemicals released by roots can promote the selective growth of specific host pathogens, thereby contributing to the formation of pathogenic soils. For example, ferulic acid—a typical compound secreted by plant roots—has been shown to stimulate the germination of Fusarium oxysporum spores and increase the number of Fusarium in the rhizosphere, thus enhancing the risk of wilt disease. Similarly, phenolic acids released by the roots of tobacco plants can enhance the growth of tomato plants and promote the emergence of tobacco wilt disease. In light of this, delving deeper into the interaction mechanism between root exudates and pathogens is crucial for understanding the formation of pathogenic soils and provides a solid scientific basis for curbing the evolution of such soils. It is worth noting that the change in the quantity of specific pathogens in the soil is not only influenced by root exudates but also tightly regulated by the entire soil microbial ecosystem. Research has found that the accumulation of host-specific pathogens is typically associated with root exudates (such as glycosides and phenolic acids), which can reshape the rhizosphere microbial community, adjust its composition, and weaken the functions of beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, deciphering the complex interplay among root exudates, pathogens, and the soil microbial community holds the promise of opening up a new approach to addressing the challenges posed by host-specific pathogens.

[0004] As green, ecological, and economically significant control measures, a series of beneficial microorganisms have been widely applied in the field of biological control to promote plant growth and alleviate plant diseases. These beneficial microorganisms include, but are not limited to, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Mortierella, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Streptomyces, etc. Currently, a substantial amount of experimental evidence has shown that using synthetic microbial communities to control soil-borne root rot diseases can not only effectively control the occurrence of diseases but also help alleviate problems arising from continuous cropping of crops, providing new ideas and solutions for the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0005] As a highly regarded perennial medicinal plant, Panax notoginseng faces severe root rot due to the accumulation of root rot pathogens. During the cultivation of Panax notoginseng, root exudates accelerate the changes in the structure and function of the soil microbial community, thus forming a soil prone to disease. Even if soil disinfection or a rotation system of more than 20 years is implemented, once Panax notoginseng is replanted, root rot will recur sharply. Previous studies by the inventors found that the rhizosphere of healthy Panax notoginseng can enrich Mortierella, and after root irrigation with Mortierella at different concentrations, the incidence of root rot in Panax notoginseng can be reduced; microorganisms such as Streptomyces or Lipomyces starkeyi enriched in the rhizosphere of Panax notoginseng after biotic or abiotic stress can help Panax notoginseng resist stress and reduce the occurrence of root rot in Panax notoginseng. However, the application of a single strain usually has the problem of limited disease inhibition effect. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a synthetic microbial community to more effectively inhibit the number of harmful microorganisms in the rhizosphere environment of Panax notoginseng, thereby maintaining the balance of the microbial community in the rhizosphere soil and promoting the formation of disease-resistant soil. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a trans-kingdom composition comprising Mortierella, Lipomyces starkeyi and Streptomyces aureofaciens and its application in the biological control of Panax notoginseng.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] Specifically, in the first aspect of the present invention, a composition for biological control of Panax notoginseng is provided. The composition comprises volatiles of the strains, conidia and / or fungal cultures of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Saitozyma podzolica 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372. Mortierella alpina B28-1 has been disclosed in the applicant's patent (CN116218683B), and the deposit number of Mortierella alpina B28-1 is CGMCC No. 40006; the taxonomic name is Mortierella alpina; the depository is the General Microbiological Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms; the depository address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Postcode: 100101; the deposit date is December 10, 2021. Saitozyma podzolica 85151 was purchased from Beijing BioWin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (https: / / www.biobw.org / , Saitozyma podzolica, bio-85151). Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 has been disclosed in the applicant's patent (CN114317328B), and the deposit number of Streptomyces aureofaciens is CGMCC No. 22755; the taxonomic name is Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372; the depository is the General Microbiological Center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms; the depository address is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Postcode: 100101; the deposit date is June 23, 2021.

[0009] In the above composition, the volume ratio of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Saitozyma podzolica 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 is 1:1:1.

[0010] In the second aspect of the present invention, a preparation comprising the composition described in the first aspect above is provided.

[0011] As an alternative, in the above preparation, the preparation is a mixed bacterial suspension.

[0012] As an alternative, in the above preparation, the spore suspension concentration of Mortierella alpina B28-1 and Saitozyma podzolica 85151 is 1.0×10 6 CFU / mL, and the shaking culture suspension concentration of Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 is OD 590 = 0.45.

[0013] In the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the composition described in the first aspect above or the preparation described in the second aspect above for the biological control of Panax notoginseng diseases.

[0014] As an optional manner, in the above use, the Panax notoginseng disease is root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum.

[0015] In the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the composition described in the first aspect above or the preparation described in the second aspect above for alleviating the continuous cropping effect of the soil during the growth of Panax notoginseng.

[0016] In the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the composition described in the first aspect above or the preparation described in the second aspect above for promoting the growth of Panax notoginseng.

[0017] In the sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the composition described in the first aspect above or the preparation described in the second aspect above for the preparation of a biological control preparation.

[0018] In the seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of the composition described in the first aspect above or the preparation described in the second aspect above for the preparation of a plant growth-promoting preparation.

[0019] As an optional manner, in the use described in the sixth or seventh aspect above, the object of use of the preparation is Panax notoginseng.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 provided by the present invention can significantly inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporum Z5, the main root rot pathogen of Panax notoginseng, at different saponin concentrations. Among them, the inhibition rate of Mortierella alpina B28-1 on Fusarium oxysporum Z5 is more than 20%, and the inhibition rates of Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on Fusarium oxysporum Z5 are more than 40%. By using 60 mL of a mixed bacterial suspension with a volume ratio of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 of 1:1:1 for root irrigation treatment of Panax notoginseng, in which the spore suspension concentration of Mortierella alpina B28-1 and Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 is 1.0×10 6 CFU / mL, and the concentration of the shake-cultured bacterial suspension of Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 is OD 590 = 0.45. One week later, inoculate 60 mL of a concentration of 1.0×10 6The spore suspension of Fusarium oxysporum Z5 at CFU / mL can improve the survival rate of Panax notoginseng plants and reduce the incidence of root rot compared with the sterilized water control, and the effect is significantly better than that of the single strain B28-1 treatment. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It shows the growth of Mortierella alpina B28-1 on basal medium and PDA medium supplemented with different concentrations of saponins, and the growth of Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on liquid PDA and LB supplemented with different concentrations of saponins, respectively. Among them, (A) shows the growth of Mortierella alpina B28-1 on basal medium, (B) shows the growth of Mortierella alpina B28-1 on PDA medium, (C) shows the growth of Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 on liquid PDA, and (D) shows the growth of Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on liquid LB.

[0023] Figure 2 It shows the confrontation of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 with Fusarium oxysporum Z5 on PDA medium. Among them, (A) is Mortierella alpina B28-1, and (B) is Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372.

[0024] Figure 3 It shows the growth promotion effect of the mixed bacterial suspension of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on Panax notoginseng. Among them, different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences at the P<0.05 level tested by the Duncan new multiple range method.

[0025] Figure 4 It shows the alleviating effect of the mixed bacterial suspension of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on the continuous cropping obstacle of Panax notoginseng. Among them, different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences at the P<0.05 level tested by the Duncan new multiple range method. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] For those not specifying specific technologies or conditions in the embodiments, they shall be carried out according to the technologies or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product specifications. For those reagents or instruments not specifying the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through regular channels.

[0028] The experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0029] Example 1 Effects of Ginsenosides at Different Concentrations on the Growth of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Lipomyces starkeyi 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372

[0030] Place the purified mycelial blocks of Mortierella alpina B28-1 between the basal medium and PDA medium modified with Rg1+Rb1+Rd (final concentrations of 0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 μg / mL). The composition of the basal medium is: 3 g of NaNO3, 1 g of KH2PO4, 0.5 g of KCl, 0.5 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.01 g of FeSO4·7H2O, 17 g of agar, 1000 mL of distilled water. Dissolve, mix well, and adjust the pH to 7.0 with 1 mol / L NaOH solution; the composition of the PDA medium is 200 g of potatoes, 20 g of glucose, 15 g of agar, and 1000 mL of distilled water. Add the Rg1+Rb1+Rd saponin solution dissolved in methanol to each medium, and use six replicate plates for each concentration. After culturing in the dark at 25°C for 5 days, determine the mycelial growth of Mortierella alpina B28-1 by measuring the colony diameter. In addition, pick single colonies of Lipomyces starkeyi 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372, culture them in PDA and LB liquid media respectively, and shake at 32°C and 120 rpm for 24 hours; then, dilute Lipomyces starkeyi 85151 in the new PDA liquid medium modified with Rg1+Rb1+Rd (final concentrations of 0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 μg / mL) to a concentration of 1×10 6 CFU / mL and continue shaking. After 12 hours, record the sporulation amount with a hemocytometer to evaluate the effect of ginsenosides on its growth. On the other hand, dilute the Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 culture to an OD 590 of 0.1 in the new LB liquid medium modified with ginsenosides, transfer it to a 96-well plate, and let it grow statically. At 12 hours, measure the OD 590 value using a Versa Max microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA, United States) to evaluate the effect of ginsenosides on its growth.

[0031] The results are as Figure 1 shown. When saponins are used as the sole carbon source or added at different concentrations in the PDA medium, lower concentrations of saponins at 0.625 and 1.25 μg / ml inhibited the growth of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Lipomyces starkeyi 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372.

[0032] Example 2: Inhibitory effects of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on Fusarium oxysporum Z5, the pathogen causing Panax notoginseng root rot

[0033] Using the plate confrontation method, Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 were co-cultured with Fusarium oxysporum Z5, the pathogen causing Panax notoginseng root rot, respectively. The confrontation tests were carried out on fungal basal medium and PDA medium, with the same formula as in Example 1. For the confrontation between Mortierella alpina B28-1 and Fusarium oxysporum Z5, a sterilized puncher was used to prepare agar discs of Mortierella alpina B28-1 strain and Fusarium oxysporum Z5, the pathogen causing Panax notoginseng root rot, and the two strains were inoculated on PDA or fungal basal medium, with a distance of about 5.5 cm between them. There were 5 replicates for each treatment, and the control was inoculating the pathogen on one side and a blank PDA agar block on the other side. They were cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 28°C. After 4 - 6 days, the colony radius of the pathogen was measured, and the inhibition rate was calculated.

[0034] Inhibition rate (%) = (control colony radius - colony radius in confrontation culture) / control colony radius × 100

[0035] For the confrontation between Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 and Fusarium oxysporum Z5, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 were cultured by shaking in liquid PDA and liquid LB media respectively. Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 was cultured by shaking and diluted with sterilized water to a spore suspension concentration of 1×10 6 CFU / mL, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 was cultured by shaking until OD 590 = 0.45 for standby. The agar disc of Fusarium oxysporum Z5 was inoculated in the center of PDA or fungal basal medium, and at 4 points 2.5 cm away from the agar disc around it, Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 or Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 was inoculated, 10 μL for each point, and sterilized water of equal volume was used as the control. There were 5 replicates for each treatment. They were cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 28°C. After 4 - 6 days, the colony radius of the pathogen was measured, and the inhibition rate was calculated.

[0036] Inhibition rate (%) = (control colony diameter - colony diameter in confrontation culture) / control colony radius × 100

[0037] The results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, whether on the basal medium or PDA medium, Mortierella alpina B28-1, Lipomyces starkeyi 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 can significantly inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporum Z5, and the inhibitory effect on PDA medium is higher than that on the basal medium. In addition, on the basal medium, Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 has the best inhibitory effect on Fusarium oxysporum Z5, which is 38.54%. On PDA medium, Lipomyces starkeyi 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 have better inhibitory effects, and the inhibition rates are 50.28% and 51.09% respectively. Table 1 Antagonistic effects of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Lipomyces starkeyi 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on Fusarium oxysporum Z5

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Example 3 Application of the combination of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Lipomyces starkeyi 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 in promoting the growth of Panax notoginseng

[0041] Prepare single bacterial suspensions and mixed bacterial suspensions, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0042] 1) Inoculate the Mortierella alpina B28-1 strain on PDA medium for cultivation to obtain the colony of Mortierella alpina B28-1 strain;

[0043] 2) Add 20 mL of sterile water to the Petri dish of the Mortierella alpina B28-1 strain in step 1), scrape and wash the surface conidia, and filter with four layers of sterilized gauze to obtain the conidia suspension of Mortierella alpina B28-1. The concentration is adjusted to 1×10 6 CFU / mL;

[0044] 3) Culture Lipomyces starkeyi 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 in liquid PDA and LB respectively at 32 °C with shaking at 120 rpm for 48 hours, centrifuge at 10000 rpm for 5 minutes, remove the supernatant, and resuspend with distilled water to make the concentration of Lipomyces starkeyi 85151 1×10 6 CFU / mL, and the concentration of Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 is OD 590 = 0.45;

[0045] 4) Mix the Mortierella alpina B28-1 in step 2) and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 in step 3) at a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed bacterial suspension of the two;

[0046] 5) Mix Mortierella alpina B28-1 in step 2) with Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 in step 3) at a volume ratio of 1:1:1 to obtain a homogeneous mixed bacterial suspension;

[0047] Perform root irrigation treatment on Panax notoginseng plants with the above single-strain suspension and mixed bacterial suspension, 60 mL per pot, 10 replicates for each treatment, and each replicate includes 10 seedlings, with sterilized water as the control. One week after the treatment, inoculate 60 mL of Fusarium oxysporum Z5 spore suspension with a concentration of 1×10 6 CFU / mL, and measure the plant height and biomass of Panax notoginseng after 6 weeks.

[0048] The results are as Figure 3 shown. Compared with the sterilized water control and the single strain Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372, the mixed bacterial suspension of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 significantly promoted the plant height of Panax notoginseng and the dry weights of the underground and aboveground parts.

[0049] Example 4 Application of the combination of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 in alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of Panax notoginseng

[0050] Prepare single-strain suspensions and mixed bacterial suspensions according to Example 3. Perform root irrigation treatment on Panax notoginseng plants with the above single-strain suspension and mixed bacterial suspension, 60 mL per pot, 10 replicates for each treatment, and each replicate includes 10 seedlings, with sterilized water as the control. One week after the treatment, inoculate 60 mL of Fusarium oxysporum Z5 spore suspension with a concentration of 1×10 6 CFU / mL, and count the survival rate of Panax notoginseng plants, the incidence of root rot disease and the abundance of Fusarium oxysporum in the soil after 6 weeks.

[0051] Calculate the combined synergistic ratio of the mixed bacterial suspension of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 against root rot of Panax notoginseng.

[0052] According to the formula: control efficacy (%) = (control incidence - treatment incidence) / control incidence × 100%, calculate the control effect on root rot of Panax notoginseng.

[0053] Calculate the synergistic ratio according to the Abbott method.

[0054] Synergistic ratio = Cobs / %Cexp = Cobs / [A + B - (AB / 100)]

[0055] Where: Cobs represents the actual control effect of the mixed bacterial suspension; %Cexp represents the expected control effect of the mixed bacterial suspension; A and B represent the actual control effects of two single bacterial agents on the pathogen respectively. If the synergistic ratio > 1, the mixed bacterial suspension shows a synergistic effect.

[0056] The results are as Figure 4 shown in Table 2. Compared with the sterile water control, different bacterial liquid treatments significantly increased the survival rate of Panax notoginseng plants and also had a significant effect on reducing the incidence of root rot. In particular, the mixed bacterial suspension of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 had the best effect, and the combined synergistic ratio was 1.036, indicating that the treatment with the mixed bacterial liquid of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 had a combined synergistic effect on the control of Panax notoginseng root rot.

[0057] Table 2 Control and synergistic ratio of the mixed bacterial suspension of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Yarrowia lipolytica 85151, and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 on Panax notoginseng root rot

[0058]

[0059] Note: * indicates having a synergistic effect

[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and its equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A composition for biological control of Panax notoginseng, characterized in that: The composition contains the volatiles of the strains, conidia and / or fungal cultures of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Saitozyma podzolica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein: The volume ratio of Mortierella alpina B28-1, Saitozyma podzolica 85151 and Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 is 1:1:

1.

3. A preparation containing the composition according to claim 1 or claim 2.

4. The preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation is a mixed bacterial suspension.

5. The preparation according to claim 4, wherein: The spore suspension concentrations of the Mortierella alpina B28-1 and the oleaginous yeast 85151 are 1.0×10 6 CFU / mL, and the shaking culture suspension concentration of the Streptomyces aureofaciens 90372 is OD 590 = 0.

45.

6. The application of the composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 or the preparation according to any one of claims 3 to 5 in the biological control of Panax notoginseng root rot.

7. The application according to claim 6, wherein: The Panax notoginseng disease is root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum.

8. The application of the composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 or the preparation according to any one of claims 3 to 5 in alleviating the continuous cropping effect of the soil during the growth of Panax notoginseng.

9. The application of the composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 or the preparation according to any one of claims 3 to 5 in promoting the growth of Panax notoginseng.

10. The application of the composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 or the preparation according to any one of claims 3 to 5 in the preparation of a biological control preparation or a plant growth-promoting preparation.

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