End buffering facility

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traffic safety facilities, in particular to an end buffering facility which comprises a guardrail mechanism and a buffer mechanism, the guardrail mechanism comprises a first fixing stand column connected to the ground and a fixing plate connected to the fixing stand column, and two sets of guardrail plates are connected to the two sides of the fixing plate respectively; the end head mechanism comprises a U-shaped plate, a first transition plate connected with one end of the U-shaped plate and one group of guardrail plates, a second transition plate connected with the U-shaped plate and the other group of guardrail plates, and a guide plate connected with the two ends of the U-shaped plate, a containing space is formed between the U-shaped plate and the guide plate, and the end head mechanism further comprises a second fixed stand column connected with the ground; the energy absorption mechanism comprises a plurality of energy absorption pipes arranged in an arrayed mode, and every two adjacent energy absorption pipes are connected. A first plate on one side, close to the road, of the U-shaped plate is longer than a second plate on the other side, and an acute angle is formed between the guide plate and the first plate. Through the arrangement of the energy absorption pipe and the guide plate, impact force and energy generated during vehicle collision can be reduced, vehicle passengers are protected, and the severity of accidents is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traffic safety facilities, and particularly to a terminal buffer facility. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of highways and the increase in vehicle speeds, the frequency of traffic accidents and the severity of accident consequences have also increased accordingly. Especially at the end of highway guardrails, due to their special installation methods and structural designs, they often become key areas where vehicles collide with guardrails in traffic accidents. According to the requirements of the "Code for Design of Highway Traffic Safety Facilities" (JTGD81 - 2017), the end of the guardrail should adopt an anti - collision end design. Especially when it cannot be extended outward, an anti - collision device must be set or there should be a terminal facility in front of the guardrail end. This design aims to effectively reduce the collision impact and reduce the harm to vehicles and vehicle occupants during the collision.

[0003] In the prior art, the commonly used end forms on highways in China include round - head ends and ground - anchor ends. Round - head ends and ground - anchor ends are simple in structure and can be more conveniently implemented during construction, but there are also certain safety hazards. These two end designs may cause the vehicle to puncture during the collision or result in the vehicle straddling the guardrail. In severe cases, it may lead to injuries or even fatalities of vehicle occupants. Due to the limited energy absorption capacity of their structures during collisions, it is often difficult to effectively avoid further harm to the vehicle after the collision, and the safety performance is poor.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution to solve the safety hazard problems existing in the existing terminal facilities, which can provide a more effective impact absorption effect at the end of the highway guardrail, reduce the harm to personnel caused by the collision, and at the same time avoid the problems of vehicle puncture or straddling easily occurring in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of at least one of the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a terminal buffer facility, which can reduce the impact force and energy generated during vehicle collisions, protect vehicle occupants and reduce the severity of accidents.

[0006] A terminal buffer facility is provided, including: A guardrail mechanism, including a support assembly and guardrail plates. The support assembly includes a plurality of first fixed columns fixedly connected to the ground, and a fixed plate connected to the fixed columns. The guardrail plates have two groups respectively connected to both sides of the fixed plate; The end mechanism includes a U-shaped plate disposed at the end, a first transition plate connected between one end of the U-shaped plate and a group of the guardrail plates, a second transition plate connected between the U-shaped plate and another group of the guardrail plates, and guide plates connected to both ends of the U-shaped plate. An accommodation space is formed between the U-shaped plate and the guide plates. It further includes a second fixed column connecting the end mechanism to the ground. The energy absorption mechanism is disposed in the accommodation space and includes a plurality of energy absorption tubes arranged in multiple rows and columns. The extending direction of the tube body of the energy absorption tube is perpendicular to the ground. Adjacent two energy absorption tubes are connected, and the energy absorption tube close to the U-shaped plate is connected to the U-shaped plate. Wherein, the length of the first plate on the side of the U-shaped plate close to the road is greater than the length of the second plate on the other side, and the guide plate forms an acute angle with the first plate.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fixing plate includes a support plate connected to the first fixed column, anti-bending plates disposed at both ends of the support plate and parallel to the ground, and a connecting member disposed on the support plate and connected to the guardrail plate.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the contact edge between the support plate and the guardrail plate is the same as the shape of the guardrail plate.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the U-shaped plate is a plane, and the width between the first plate and the second plate is greater than the width between the two groups of guardrail plates.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first transition plate is disposed on the same extension line as a group of the guardrail plates, and the second transition plate has a bending portion.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy absorption tube is a circular tube body.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of slots with a length half of the tube body are opened at both ends of the opening of the energy absorption tube. The extending direction of the slots is the same as the extending direction of the tube body, and two adjacent circular tube bodies are connected by plugging and unplugging through the slots.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, at least one of the energy absorption tubes further fixes a flange column perpendicular to the ground and in contact with the ground.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy absorption tube is bolted to the U-shaped plate and the flange column.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the end mechanism is lower than the height of the guardrail mechanism, and the end mechanism extends towards the height direction of the guardrail mechanism until they are flush.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the design of the U-shaped plate and the guiding plate, the present invention actively guides the movement trajectory of the vehicle to shift outward, avoiding the risk of vehicle puncture caused by frontal collision in the traditional end structure. At the same time, the possibility of the vehicle straddling the guardrail is inhibited through the acute-angle guiding effect, significantly reducing the risk of secondary accidents. During the collision, the energy-absorbing tube close to the U-shaped plate first undergoes plastic deformation to absorb the impact energy. Subsequently, the shock wave is transmitted backward along the tube connection structure, triggering the step-by-step collapse of the distal energy-absorbing tube. This hierarchical and progressive energy-absorbing mode can disperse the collision energy throughout the entire energy-absorbing network, effectively reducing the harm to the vehicle occupants caused by the collision impact compared with the local energy-absorbing method of the traditional end structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the end buffer facility in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the end mechanism in the end buffer facility in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support component in the end buffer facility in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic structural diagram at position A; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the energy-absorbing tube in the end buffer facility in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing plate and the guardrail plate in the end buffer facility in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1, guardrail mechanism; 11, support component; 11a, first fixed column; 11b, fixing plate; 11b1, support plate; 11b2, anti-bending plate; 11b3, connecting piece; 12, guardrail plate; 2, end mechanism; 21, U-shaped plate; 21a, first plate; 21b, second plate; 22, first transition plate; 23, second transition plate; 23a, bending point; 24, guiding plate; 25, accommodation space; 26, second fixed column; 3, energy-absorbing mechanism; 31, energy-absorbing tube; 31a, slotted opening; 32, flange column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, the end buffer facility includes: The guardrail mechanism 1 includes a support assembly 11 and guardrail plates 12. The support assembly 11 includes a number of first fixed columns 11a fixedly connected to the ground, and a fixed plate 11b connected to the fixed columns. The guardrail plates 12 have two groups respectively connected to both sides of the fixed plate 11b. It should be noted here that there are many forms of the guardrail plates 12, which can be corrugated plates, box-type guardrails, or guardrails with a trapezoidal cross-section or other structural forms of guardrails.

[0024] The end mechanism 2 includes a U-shaped plate 21 provided at the end, a first transition plate 22 connected between one end of the U-shaped plate 21 and a group of guardrail plates 12, a second transition plate 23 connected between the U-shaped plate 21 and the other group of guardrail plates 12, and guide plates 24 connected to both ends of the U-shaped plate 21. A receiving space 25 is formed between the U-shaped plate 21 and the guide plates 24. It also includes a second fixed column 26 connecting the end mechanism 2 to the ground; The energy absorption mechanism 3 is arranged in the accommodation space 25 and includes a plurality of energy absorption tubes 31 arranged in multiple rows and columns. The extending direction of the tube body of the energy absorption tube 31 is perpendicular to the ground. Adjacent two energy absorption tubes 31 are connected, and the energy absorption tube 31 close to the U-shaped plate 21 is connected to the U-shaped plate 21. It should be noted here that the arrangement of adjacent energy absorption tubes 31 can be a honeycomb hexagonal array arrangement, can be a staggered parallel arrangement, or can be other forms that can be arranged. It should also be noted that the connection method between each energy absorption tube 31 can be welding, can be riveting, can also be plugging or other forms of connection methods. It should also be noted that there are many kinds of shapes of the energy absorption tube 31, which can be circular, can be oval, can also be rectangular or other shapes.

[0025] Among them, the length of the first plate 21a on the side of the U-shaped plate 21 close to the road is greater than the length of the second plate 21b on the other side, and the guide plate 24 forms an acute angle with the first plate 21a. It should be noted here that the lengths of the first plate 21a and the second plate 21b and the angle of the acute angle can be calculated according to the collision kinetic energy to obtain the optimal angle.

[0026] Through the design of the U-shaped plate 21 and the guide plate 24, the present invention actively guides the vehicle movement trajectory to deviate outward, avoiding the vehicle puncture risk caused by the frontal confrontation collision of the traditional end structure. At the same time, the possibility of the vehicle straddling the guardrail is suppressed through the acute angle guiding effect, significantly reducing the risk of secondary accidents. During the collision, the energy absorption tube 31 close to the U-shaped plate 21 first undergoes plastic deformation to absorb the impact energy, and then the shock wave is transmitted backward along the tube body connection structure to trigger the step-by-step collapse of the distal energy absorption tube 31. This layered progressive energy absorption mode can disperse the collision energy to the entire energy absorption network, effectively reducing the harm to the vehicle occupants caused by the collision impact compared with the local energy absorption method of the traditional end structure.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, by hanging two guardrail plates 12 on one first fixed column 11a, the present invention helps to enhance the structural strength and connection stiffness at the guardrail end, making the force more uniform during the collision. Compared with a single guardrail plate 12, the design of two guardrail plates 12 can avoid the shedding or damage caused by the concentrated force, thereby improving the continuity and impact resistance of the entire section of the guardrail. The fixing plate 11b includes a support plate 11b1 connected to the first fixed column 11a, anti-bending plates 11b2 arranged at both ends of the support plate 11b1 and parallel to the ground, and a connecting member 11b3 arranged on the support plate 11b1 and connected to the guardrail plate 12. The support plate 11b1 is connected to the first fixed column 11a, which can stably carry the guardrail plate 12 and the external force transmitted by it, enhancing the impact resistance of the overall device; the anti-bending plates 11b2 arranged at both ends of the support plate 11b1 are arranged parallel to the ground, which can effectively disperse the collision load, improve the anti-deformation ability, and prevent the structure from bending or breaking after being stressed.

[0028] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the shape of the contact edge between the support plate 11b1 and the guardrail plate 12 is the same as that of the guardrail plate 12. The same shape of the contact edge between the support plate 11b1 and the guardrail plate 12 enables them to fit closely at the connection, thereby enhancing the stability of the contact surface, effectively avoiding uneven stress or loosening caused by shape mismatch, improving the impact resistance of the overall structure, and at the same time, the same shape can also provide support for the guardrail plate 12.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the surface of the U-shaped plate 21 is a flat surface, and the width between the first plate 21a and the second plate 21b is greater than the width between two groups of guardrail plates 12. Setting the surface of the U-shaped plate 21 as a flat surface ensures that it can provide a uniform and continuous stress-bearing surface during vehicle collision, avoiding stress concentration caused by a tortuous or irregular plate surface, which is beneficial to improving the structural stability and energy absorption effect during impact. The width between the two side plates of the U-shaped plate 21 is greater than the width between the guardrail plates 12, forming a larger buffer space, which helps to accommodate more energy absorption tubes 31, thereby extending the deceleration distance during vehicle collision, effectively dispersing and absorbing impact energy, and reducing the damage to the vehicle and occupants. The width of the U-shaped plate is greater than the spacing between the guardrail plates 12, forming a larger internal buffer space, which is beneficial to arranging more or longer-stroke energy absorption tubes 31, thereby extending the vehicle deceleration path and improving the energy absorption efficiency.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the width between the first plate 21a and the second plate 21b is greater than the width between two groups of guardrail plates 12. To make the connection between the guardrail plate 12 and the end more smooth, refer to Figure 2 shown, the first transition plate 22 is arranged on the same extension line as a group of guardrail plates 12, and the second transition plate 23 has a bending part 23a. The first transition plate 22 and the guardrail plate 12 are in the same plane, and this side faces the road. The second transition plate 23 has a bending part 23a, which can achieve a smooth connection with the other group of guardrail plates 12 in different directions or angles.

[0031] There are many forms of the energy absorption tube 31. As Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the energy absorption tube 31 is a circular tube. It has good balanced stress in all directions, can evenly absorb and disperse impact energy during vehicle collision, and avoid structural damage caused by local stress concentration. The circular structure naturally has high compressive and anti-deformation capabilities, making it show better buffering and recovery characteristics when subjected to external extrusion, effectively extending the time of the energy absorption process, slowing down the collision impact, and improving the overall energy absorption efficiency.

[0032] There are also many connection methods between the energy absorption tubes 31. Continue to refer toFigure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of slots 31a with a length half of the tube body are provided at both ends of the opening of the energy absorption tube 31. The extending direction of the slots 31a is the same as the extending direction of the tube body. The two adjacent circular tube bodies are connected by plugging and unplugging through the slots 31a. In the form of the slots 31a, by the relative arrangement of the slots 31a, the two adjacent energy absorption tubes 31 are connected by plugging and unplugging, so that there is a part of the tube body that can be plugged into the space of the other party between the tube bodies, making the connection between the energy absorption tubes 31 tighter. Compared with traditional forms such as welding and screwing, the plugging and unplugging connection is more convenient and faster to replace, reducing the cost of additional connecting parts 11b3 and welding.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, at least one energy absorption tube 31 is also fixedly provided with a flange column 32 perpendicular to the ground and in contact with the ground. The energy absorption tube 31 in the end head mechanism 2 has a certain weight, and the supporting force is provided by the fixedly connected flange column 32 to ensure that the energy absorption tube 31 does not shift in position. The flange column 32 is in contact with the ground and is not fixedly connected. When the end head mechanism 2 collides, the energy absorption tube 31 and the flange column 32 move simultaneously in position, and the energy absorption effect of the energy absorption tube 31 cannot be reduced due to the fixation of the flange column 32. It should be noted here that there are many ways to connect the flange column 32 and the energy absorption tube 31, which can be welding, bolt connection or other connectable ways.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy absorption tube 31 is bolted to the U-shaped plate 21 and the flange column 32. The energy absorption tube 31 and the flange column 32 are fixedly connected by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the end head mechanism 2 is lower than the height of the guardrail mechanism 1, and the end head mechanism 2 extends towards the height direction of the guardrail mechanism 1 until they are flush. Ensure that when the end head mechanism 2 collides with a vehicle, it can be more smoothly docked with the guardrail mechanism 1, guiding the vehicle to transition along a predetermined direction, reducing the impact force and lateral offset during the collision, and preventing the vehicle from rolling over or deviating from the lane. The position of the end head mechanism 2 is lower than the position of the guardrail mechanism 1, preventing the vehicle from drilling under the end head mechanism 2 when a small vehicle collides with the end head.

[0036] Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A head buffer facility, characterized in that, Comprising: A guardrail mechanism, including a support assembly and guardrail plates. The support assembly includes a number of first fixed columns fixedly connected to the ground, a fixing plate connected to the fixed columns, and the guardrail plates have two groups respectively connected to both sides of the fixing plate; An end mechanism, including a U-shaped plate arranged at the end, a first transition plate connected between one end of the U-shaped plate and one group of the guardrail plates, a second transition plate connected between the U-shaped plate and the other group of the guardrail plates, and guide plates connected to both ends of the U-shaped plate. An accommodation space is formed between the U-shaped plate and the guide plates. It also includes a second fixed column connecting the end mechanism and the ground; An energy absorption mechanism, arranged in the accommodation space, including a plurality of energy absorption tubes arranged in multiple rows and columns. The extending direction of the tube body of the energy absorption tube is perpendicular to the ground, adjacent two of the energy absorption tubes are connected, and the energy absorption tube close to the U-shaped plate is connected to the U-shaped plate; Wherein, the length of the first plate on the side of the U-shaped plate close to the road is greater than the length of the second plate on the other side, and the guide plate forms an acute angle with the first plate.

2. The end buffer facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing plate includes a support plate connected to the first fixed column, anti-bending plates arranged at both ends of the support plate and parallel to the ground, and a connecting member arranged on the support plate and connected to the guardrail plate.

3. The end buffer facility according to claim 2, characterized in that The shape of the contact edge between the support plate and the guardrail plate is the same as the shape of the guardrail plate.

4. The end buffer facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plate surface of the U-shaped plate is a plane, and the width between the first plate and the second plate is greater than the width between the two groups of guardrail plates.

5. The end buffer facility according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first transition plate is arranged on the same extension line as one group of the guardrail plates, and the second transition plate has a bending part.

6. The end buffer facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy absorption tube is a circular tube body.

7. The end buffer facility according to claim 6, characterized in that, A number of slots with a length half of the tube body are opened at both ends of the opening of the energy absorption tube. The extending direction of the slots is the same as the extending direction of the tube body, and two adjacent circular tube bodies are connected by inserting and pulling through the slots.

8. The end buffer facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the energy absorption tubes is also fixed with a flange column perpendicular to the ground and in contact with the ground.

9. The end buffer facility according to claim 8, characterized in that, The energy absorption tube is bolted to the U-shaped plate and the flange column.

10. The end buffer facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the end mechanism is lower than the height of the guardrail mechanism, and the end mechanism extends towards the height direction of the guardrail mechanism until they are flush.

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