Hydraulic engineering desilting equipment with solid-liquid separation function

Abstract

The invention discloses hydraulic engineering desilting equipment with a solid-liquid separation function, and relates to the technical field of desilting equipment, the desilting equipment comprises a feed conveying mechanism, a solid-liquid separation mechanism, a deslagging mechanism and a liquid recovery mechanism, the feed conveying mechanism is fixedly connected with the solid-liquid separation mechanism, the deslagging mechanism is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism, and the liquid recovery mechanism is fixedly connected with the solid-liquid separation mechanism. The liquid recovery mechanism is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism, the liquid recovery mechanism is communicated with the feed conveying mechanism, the feed conveying mechanism conveys sludge to the solid-liquid separation mechanism for treatment, the solid-liquid separation mechanism separates the sludge, and then solids are discharged through the deslagging mechanism; and meanwhile, the separated liquid is recycled through the liquid recycling mechanism, the liquid recycling mechanism communicates with the solid-liquid separation mechanism and the feeding conveying mechanism, liquid recycling and recycling are achieved, water resources are saved, the working efficiency is improved, and environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dredging equipment, and specifically to a water conservancy project dredging equipment with a solid-liquid separation function. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the extensive development of water conservancy project construction, the problem of silt deposition in water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and ports has become increasingly serious, which not only affects the water body ecological environment but also restricts the play of waterway and flood control capabilities. To address the adverse effects brought by silt deposition, dredging operations, as a basic treatment method, have been widely applied, promoting the development of dredging equipment from manual dredging to mechanized, automated, and intelligent systems. The current technological trend focuses on improving dredging efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing the ability to adapt to complex working conditions. In particular, the integration of a system for rapid mud-water separation, resource recovery, and environmental protection and emission reduction has become the main direction of future development.

[0003] Existing dredging equipment usually pushes silt to the shore through the hull to achieve the purpose of dredging.

[0004] However, the existing technology still has the following deficiencies. First, it fails to achieve the linked adjustment of the feeding angle and flow control, and cannot adapt to different water depths and silt deposition conditions; it lacks self-feedback regulation, which is prone to blockage or over-suction; most of the existing anti-blocking structures are static devices, lacking a cyclic connection with the separation system and unable to achieve dynamic spray washing and reuse. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a water conservancy project dredging equipment with a solid-liquid separation function to solve the problems raised in the above background. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water conservancy project dredging equipment with a solid-liquid separation function to solve the problems raised in the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The dredging equipment includes a feeding and conveying mechanism, a solid-liquid separation mechanism, a slag discharging mechanism, and a liquid recovery mechanism. The feeding and conveying mechanism and the solid-liquid separation mechanism are firmly connected. The slag discharging mechanism is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism, the liquid recovery mechanism is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism, and the liquid recovery mechanism is communicated with the feeding and conveying mechanism.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the feeding and conveying mechanism conveys the sludge to the solid-liquid separation mechanism for treatment. After the solid-liquid separation mechanism separates the sludge, the solid matter is discharged through the slag discharging mechanism, and at the same time, the separated liquid is recycled through the liquid recovery mechanism. The feeding and conveying mechanism is firmly connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism to ensure stable feeding and smooth treatment; the slag discharging mechanism is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism to timely discharge the separated solids and avoid blockage; the liquid recovery mechanism is respectively connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism and the feeding and conveying mechanism to realize liquid recovery and recycling, save water resources, improve operation efficiency and reduce environmental pollution.

[0008] Furthermore, the feeding and conveying mechanism includes a feeding component, a flow rate adjusting component and an anti-blocking component. The flow rate adjusting component is firmly connected to the feeding component, and the anti-blocking component is firmly connected to the feeding component. The feeding component includes a feeding hopper, a conveying pipeline, a supporting hull, an aggregating blade, a shearing block, a follower frame, a transmission shaft, a feeding motor, a lifting block, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, a hinged hydraulic cylinder, a hinged rod and a movable plate. The feeding hopper is hinged to the hinged rod, the hinged rod is hinged to the supporting hull, the feeding motor is firmly connected to the feeding hopper, the feeding motor is drivingly connected to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is drivingly connected to the aggregating blade, the transmission shaft is drivingly connected to the shearing block, the lifting block is slidably connected to the supporting hull, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is firmly connected to the supporting hull, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is drivingly connected to the lifting block, the lifting block is hinged to the feeding hopper, the hinged hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the supporting hull, the hinged hydraulic cylinder is drivingly connected to the feeding hopper, the follower frame is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft, the follower frame is firmly connected to the movable plate, and the movable plate is firmly connected to the flow rate adjusting component.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the feeding hopper is hinged to the supporting hull through the hinged rod, which can realize the swing adjustment of the feeding hopper; one end of the hinged hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the supporting hull and the other end is drivingly connected to the feeding hopper, and the feeding hopper is driven to swing and adjust the working angle through telescoping; the lifting hydraulic cylinder is firmly connected to the supporting hull, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting block to slide along the supporting hull to realize the vertical height adjustment of the feeding hopper; the feeding motor is firmly connected to the feeding hopper and drives the aggregating blade to rotate through the transmission shaft. The aggregating blade aggregates the sludge towards the conveying pipeline and pushes it for conveying. The transmission shaft also drives the shearing block to rotate, and the shearing block shears larger-sized sundries to prevent blockage of the feeding port; the follower frame is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft and is firmly connected to the movable plate. The swing of the follower frame drives the movable plate to move. The movable plate is firmly connected to the flow rate adjusting component, which can realize precise flow rate adjustment and improve the reliability of equipment operation; the anti-blocking component is firmly connected to the feeding component, effectively preventing blockage of the feeding component, ensuring smooth conveying of the sludge, thereby improving the dredging efficiency and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0010] Further, the flow rate adjustment assembly includes a regulating valve, an iris assembly, a pressing block, a feed pipe, a fitting block, an iris elastic member, and a reset elastic member. The regulating valve is fixedly connected to the movable plate, the regulating valve is slidably connected to the feed pipe, the iris assembly is fixedly connected to the feed pipe, the iris elastic member is fixedly connected to the iris assembly, the iris elastic member is fixedly connected to the fitting block, the fitting block is slidably connected to the feed pipe, the pressing block is fixedly connected to the regulating valve, the reset elastic member is fixedly connected to the regulating valve, the reset elastic member is fixedly connected to the iris assembly, and the pressing block abuts against the fitting block.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the regulating valve is fixedly connected to the movable plate and slidably connected to the feed pipe. The movable plate pushes the regulating valve to move along the feed pipe, thereby driving the pressing block fixedly connected to the regulating valve to act. The pressing block abuts against the fitting block, and the fitting block drives the iris assembly to flexibly contract or expand through the fixed connection with the iris elastic member, thereby realizing the precise adjustment of the internal flow rate of the feed pipe. The iris assembly controls the internal aperture size of the feed pipe through the elastic deformation of the iris elastic member to precisely control the liquid flow rate in the pipe. The reset elastic member is fixedly connected to the regulating valve and the iris assembly respectively to ensure that after the adjustment action is completed, the iris assembly can promptly return to its original position to maintain the stable flow rate of the feed pipe, ensure the stability during the operation of the dredging equipment, avoid pipeline blockage, and improve the overall operation efficiency and reliability.

[0012] Further, the anti-blocking assembly includes a circulation pipe and a spray head. The spray head is fixedly connected to the feed hopper, the spray head is communicated with the circulation pipe, and the circulation pipe is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the spray head is fixedly connected to the feed hopper and communicated with the circulation pipe. The other end of the circulation pipe is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism. The liquid recovered from the solid-liquid separation mechanism is conveyed to the spray head through the circulation pipe, and the spray head sprays the liquid at high pressure onto the inner wall of the feed hopper and the inlet of the conveying pipeline to continuously wash the feed hopper and the conveying channel, effectively preventing silt from adhering, accumulating, and blocking during the feeding process, ensuring smooth feeding, reducing the equipment downtime for maintenance, and significantly improving the operation efficiency and stability of the dredging equipment.

[0014] Further, the solid-liquid separation mechanism includes a sedimentation separation component, a filtration separation component, and a dehydration extrusion component. The sedimentation separation component is located above the filtration separation component, the sedimentation separation component is communicated with the filtration separation component, the filtration separation component is communicated with the dehydration extrusion component. The sedimentation separation component includes a sedimentation separation cylinder, a spiral guide vane, and a vibration motor. The sedimentation separation cylinder is communicated with the feed pipe, the sedimentation separation cylinder is a conical cylinder body, the spiral guide vane is fixedly connected to the sedimentation separation cylinder, and the vibration motor abuts against the sedimentation separation cylinder.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solutions, the sedimentation separation cylinder adopts a conical cylinder structure and is connected to the feed pipe. By using the design of gradually reducing cross-section of the conical cylinder, the mud entering the cylinder is gradually accelerated for sedimentation separation; the spiral guide vane is firmly connected to the sedimentation separation cylinder and is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, which can guide the mud to flow in a spiral path and accelerate the downward sedimentation speed of solid particles; the vibration motor abuts against the sedimentation separation cylinder and generates high-frequency vibration during operation, which can effectively prevent solid particles from adhering to the cylinder wall, and at the same time promote the rapid and clear formation of the solid-liquid interface and accelerate the sedimentation efficiency. The materials after sedimentation separation quickly flow into the lower filtration separation component under the action of gravity and vibration, further improving the efficiency and accuracy of solid-liquid separation, reducing the working burden of the subsequent filtration separation and dewatering extrusion components, and significantly improving the processing capacity and operation stability of the overall dredging equipment.

[0016] Furthermore, the filtration separation component includes a drum, a filter screen, a screw rod, a self-cleaning scraper, a cleaning hydraulic cylinder and a rotating motor. The drum is arranged obliquely, the filter screen is firmly connected to the drum, the rotating motor is firmly connected to the drum, the rotating motor is drivingly connected to the screw rod, the cleaning hydraulic cylinder is firmly connected to the screw rod, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder is drivingly connected to the self-cleaning scraper.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, the drum is arranged obliquely, which is conducive to the mud advancing forward along the inner surface of the drum under the action of gravity; the filter screen is firmly connected to the drum, and the primary solid-liquid separation is realized through the screening action of the filter screen. The liquid is discharged through the filter screen, and the solid particles remain on the inner surface of the filter screen; the rotating motor is firmly connected to the drum and drives the drum to rotate through the driving connection of the screw rod, so that the mud continuously and evenly advances along the spiral track, avoiding local blockage; the self-cleaning scraper is drivingly connected to the cleaning hydraulic cylinder, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder is firmly connected to the screw rod, driving the self-cleaning scraper to reciprocate on the surface of the filter screen, timely scraping off the solid particles adhering to the surface of the filter screen, preventing the filter screen from being blocked, and continuously maintaining the good filtering effect of the filter screen, thereby improving the operation stability of the equipment, extending the maintenance cycle and enhancing the solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the dewatering extrusion component includes an extrusion cylinder and an extrusion cam. The extrusion cylinder is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel material. The extrusion cam is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft of the extrusion cylinder and is drivingly connected to the motor. The extrusion cylinder is provided with drain holes.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, the extrusion barrel in the dehydration extrusion assembly is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel material, which has good corrosion resistance and structural strength, and can adapt to long-term high-intensity work in complex mud media; the extrusion cam is fixedly installed on the drive shaft of the extrusion barrel and is connected to the motor transmission. The motor drives the drive shaft to rotate and drives the extrusion cam to periodically extrude the mud cake in the barrel, and applies continuous and intermittent radial pressure to the material during rotation; a plurality of drainage holes are provided on the extrusion barrel. When the material is squeezed, the residual liquid inside is quickly discharged through the drainage holes, thereby further removing the residual water in the mud; this structure greatly improves the dehydration efficiency, reduces the subsequent slag discharge load, and improves the final slag dryness through mechanical periodic extrusion and drainage through drainage holes, ensuring that the entire dredging process is stable and efficient.

[0020] Furthermore, the slag discharge mechanism includes a conveyor belt, a valve, a slag discharge hydraulic cylinder, a secondary filter screen and a slag discharge box. The slag discharge hydraulic cylinder and the slag discharge box are tightly connected, the secondary filter screen and the slag discharge box are tightly connected, the slag discharge box and the extrusion cylinder are connected, the valve and the slag discharge box are tightly connected, and the conveyor belt and the slag discharge box are tightly connected.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the slag discharge hydraulic cylinder is tightly connected to the slag discharge box, which can drive the mud cake or solid waste slag in the slag discharge box to be quantitatively pushed out; the slag discharge box is connected to the extrusion cylinder to receive the dehydrated solid material discharged by the extrusion cylinder, ensuring that the slag material after dehydration smoothly enters the slag discharge system; the secondary filter screen is tightly connected to the slag discharge box, and is arranged in the slag discharge channel to filter the residual liquid again to prevent the seepage from being discharged together with the solid, thereby improving the overall solid-liquid separation accuracy; the valve is tightly connected to the slag discharge box, which can control the opening and closing of the slag discharge port, realize the precise control of the slag discharge timing, and avoid the slag material from flowing back or leaking out; the conveyor belt is tightly connected to the slag discharge box, which can continuously and stably transport the slag material pushed out of the slag discharge box to the designated stacking or treatment area, thereby realizing the automatic transportation and treatment of solid waste, improving the slag discharge efficiency, reducing the manual burden, and enhancing the continuity and automation of the dredging equipment operation.

[0022] Furthermore, the liquid recovery mechanism includes a centrifugal pump and a storage tank, the centrifugal pump and the storage tank are connected, the storage tank is connected to the extrusion cylinder, and the storage tank is connected to the circulation pipe.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the centrifugal pump in the liquid recovery mechanism is used to extract the liquid discharged after dehydration from the extrusion cylinder and transport it to the storage tank, realizing the efficient collection of the separated liquid; the storage tank is connected to the extrusion cylinder and is used to temporarily store the liquid discharged during the dehydration process, ensuring that the liquid does not leak out and facilitating subsequent unified treatment; at the same time, the storage tank is connected to the circulation pipe, and the stored liquid can be transported to the nozzle of the anti-blocking component through the circulation pipe to realize the reuse of the cleaning liquid; this structure is powered by a centrifugal pump to form a liquid closed recovery circulation system, which not only avoids the external discharge of sewage, improves the environmental protection benefit, but also realizes the reuse of water resources, reduces the operating cost, and improves the economy and sustainability of the overall system operation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The feed hopper in the feeding assembly is hinged to the supporting hull through a hinge rod, and the angle of the feed hopper is adjusted by driving with a hinge hydraulic cylinder. The lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting block to slide vertically along the supporting hull to realize the lifting of the feed hopper, so as to adjust the feeding position and depth. The feeding motor drives the agglomerating vane and the shearing block to rotate through a transmission shaft. The agglomerating vane agglomerates the sludge and sends it into the conveying pipeline. The shearing block can cut large-sized solids to prevent blockage. The follower frame is connected to the movable plate through a transmission shaft, and the movable plate further drives the flow rate regulating assembly to act. The flow rate regulating assembly pushes the regulating valve through the movable plate. The regulating valve drives the fitting block to slide in the feed pipe through a pressing block. At the same time, the iris elastic member acts on the iris assembly to make it deform flexibly, and the flow rate in the pipe is adjusted by the change of the aperture of the iris assembly. The reset elastic member can quickly reset the assembly to realize precise flow rate control. The nozzle in the anti-blocking assembly is fixed on the inner wall of the feed hopper, and the cleaning liquid processed by the solid-liquid separation mechanism is circularly sprayed onto the inner wall of the feed hopper and the feed inlet through a circulation pipe to prevent mud blockage. In the solid-liquid separation mechanism, the vibration motor of the sedimentation separation assembly acts on the sedimentation separation cylinder to generate high-frequency vibration, accelerating the solid-liquid stratification of the sludge. The conical cylinder cooperates with the spiral guide vane to make the solid particles settle quickly and send them into the lower filtration separation assembly below. The rotating motor of the filtration separation assembly drives the screw rod to rotate. At the same time, the drum is arranged obliquely, so that the solid-liquid mixture is spirally pushed along the filter screen. The liquid oozes out through the filter screen, and the solid is scraped off by the self-cleaning scraper. The cleaning hydraulic cylinder pushes the self-cleaning scraper to realize automatic cleaning of the filter screen. In the dehydration extrusion assembly, the extrusion cam rotates driven by the motor, and the material in the extrusion cylinder is extruded to discharge water through the periodic extrusion of the cam and discharged through the drain hole to improve the dehydration efficiency. In the slag discharging mechanism, the solid after extrusion and dehydration is sent into the slag discharging box through valve control. The slag discharging hydraulic cylinder pushes the material in the slag discharging box to further filter out the remaining liquid through a secondary filter screen, and finally is automatically conveyed and discharged through a conveyor belt to improve the slag handling efficiency. The liquid recovery mechanism uses a centrifugal pump to pump the liquid discharged from the extrusion cylinder into a storage tank. The storage tank not only collects the dehydrated liquid, but also is connected to the nozzle of the anti-blocking assembly through a circulation pipe to realize the recycling of the processed cleaning liquid, forming a closed-loop circulation system for liquid treatment, effectively improving the economy and environmental protection of the equipment operation. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow rate regulating assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solid-liquid separation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dehydration extrusion assembly of the present invention; Figure 6Schematic structural diagram of the slag discharging mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the liquid recovery mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Feed conveying mechanism; 11. Feed assembly; 111. Feed hopper; 112. Conveying pipeline; 113. Support hull; 114. Aggregation vane; 115. Shearing block; 116. Follow-up frame; 117. Transmission shaft; 118. Feed motor; 119. Lifting block; 1110. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 1111. Hinge hydraulic cylinder; 1112. Hinge rod; 1113. Movable plate; 12. Flow rate regulating assembly; 121. Regulating valve; 122. Iris assembly; 123. Pressing block; 124. Feed pipe; 125. Fitting block; 126. Iris elastic member; 127. Reset elastic member; 13. Anti-blocking assembly; 131. Circulation pipe; 132. Sprinkler head; 2. Solid-liquid separation mechanism; 21. Sedimentation separation assembly; 211. Sedimentation separation cylinder; 212. Spiral guide vane; 213. Vibration motor; 22. Filtration separation assembly; 221. Drum; 222. Filter screen; 223. Spiral rod; 224. Self-cleaning scraper; 225. Cleaning hydraulic cylinder; 226. Rotating motor; 23. Dewatering and extrusion assembly; 231. Extrusion cylinder; 2311. Drain hole; 232. Extrusion cam; 3. Slag discharging mechanism; 31. Conveyor belt; 32. Valve; 33. Slag discharging hydraulic cylinder; 34. Secondary filter screen; 35. Slag discharging box; 4. Liquid recovery mechanism; 41. Centrifugal pump; 42. Storage tank. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7 as shown in the figure, the present invention provides a technical solution for a water conservancy project dredging equipment with a solid-liquid separation function: The dredging equipment includes a feed conveying mechanism 1, a solid-liquid separation mechanism 2, a slag discharging mechanism 3, and a liquid recovery mechanism 4. The feed conveying mechanism 1 and the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 are firmly connected. The slag discharging mechanism 3 is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2. The liquid recovery mechanism 4 is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2. The liquid recovery mechanism 4 is communicated with the feed conveying mechanism 1.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the feeding and conveying mechanism 1 conveys the sludge to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 for treatment. After the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 separates the sludge, the solid matter is discharged through the slag discharging mechanism 3, and at the same time, the separated liquid is recycled through the liquid recovery mechanism 4. The feeding and conveying mechanism 1 is firmly connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 to ensure stable feeding and smooth treatment; the slag discharging mechanism 3 is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 to timely discharge the separated solids and avoid blockage; the liquid recovery mechanism 4 is respectively connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 and the feeding and conveying mechanism 1 to realize liquid recovery and recycling, save water resources, improve operation efficiency and reduce environmental pollution.

[0030] Further, the feeding and conveying mechanism 1 includes a feeding component 11, a flow rate adjusting component 12 and an anti-blocking component 13. The flow rate adjusting component 12 is firmly connected to the feeding component 11, and the anti-blocking component 13 is firmly connected to the feeding component 11. The feeding component 11 includes a feeding hopper 111, a conveying pipeline 112, a support hull 113, an aggregation vane 114, a shearing block 115, a follower frame 116, a transmission shaft 117, a feeding motor 118, a lifting block 119, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110, a hinged hydraulic cylinder 1111, a hinged rod 1112 and a movable plate 1113. The feeding hopper 111 is hinged to the hinged rod 1112, the hinged rod 1112 is hinged to the support hull 113, the feeding motor 118 is firmly connected to the feeding hopper 111, the feeding motor 118 is drivingly connected to the transmission shaft 117, the transmission shaft 117 is drivingly connected to the aggregation vane 114, the transmission shaft 117 is drivingly connected to the shearing block 115, the lifting block 119 is slidably connected to the support hull 113, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 is firmly connected to the support hull 113, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 is drivingly connected to the lifting block 119, the lifting block 119 is hinged to the feeding hopper 111, the hinged hydraulic cylinder 1111 is hinged to the support hull 113, the hinged hydraulic cylinder 1111 is drivingly connected to the feeding hopper 111, the follower frame 116 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 117, the follower frame 116 is firmly connected to the movable plate 1113, and the movable plate 1113 is firmly connected to the flow rate adjusting component 12.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the feed hopper 111 is hinged to the support hull 113 through the hinge rod 1112, enabling the swing adjustment of the feed hopper 111; one end of the hinge hydraulic cylinder 1111 is hinged to the support hull 113, and the other end is drivingly connected to the feed hopper 111, and the feed hopper 111 is swung and adjusted to the working angle by telescopic driving; the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 is fixedly connected to the support hull 113, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 drives the lifting block 119 to slide along the support hull 113 to realize the adjustment of the vertical height of the feed hopper 111; the feed motor 118 is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 111 and drives the agglomerating vane 114 to rotate through the transmission shaft 117, and the agglomerating vane 114 agglomerates the silt toward the conveying pipeline 112 and pushes it for conveying, and the transmission shaft 117 simultaneously drives the shearing block 115 to rotate, and the shearing block 115 shears larger-sized sundries to prevent the feed port from being blocked; the follower frame 116 is rotationally connected to the transmission shaft 117 and is fixedly connected to the movable plate 1113, and the swing of the follower frame 116 drives the movable plate 1113 to act, and the movable plate 1113 is fixedly connected to the flow rate regulating assembly 12, enabling precise flow rate regulation and improving the reliability of the equipment operation; the anti-blocking assembly 13 is fixedly connected to the feed assembly 11, effectively preventing the feed assembly 11 from being blocked, ensuring the smooth conveying of the silt, thereby improving the dredging efficiency and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0032] Further, the flow rate regulating assembly 12 includes a regulating valve 121, an iris assembly 122, a pressing block 123, a feed pipe 124, a fitting block 125, an iris elastic member 126 and a reset elastic member 127. The regulating valve 121 is fixedly connected to the movable plate 1113, the regulating valve 121 is slidably connected to the feed pipe 124, the iris assembly 122 is fixedly connected to the feed pipe 124, the iris elastic member 126 is fixedly connected to the iris assembly 122, the iris elastic member 126 is fixedly connected to the fitting block 125, the fitting block 125 is slidably connected to the feed pipe 124, the pressing block 123 is fixedly connected to the regulating valve 121, the reset elastic member 127 is fixedly connected to the regulating valve 121, the reset elastic member 127 is fixedly connected to the iris assembly 122, and the pressing block 123 abuts against the fitting block 125.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the regulating valve 121 is tightly connected to the movable plate 1113 and is slidably connected to the feed pipe 124. The movable plate 1113 pushes the regulating valve 121 to move along the feed pipe 124, thereby driving the pressing block 123 tightly connected to the regulating valve 121 to act; the pressing block 123 abuts against the fitting block 125, and the fitting block 125 drives the iris assembly 122 to flexibly contract or expand through the tight connection with the iris elastic member 126, thereby realizing the precise adjustment of the internal flow rate of the feed pipe 124; the iris assembly 122 controls the internal aperture size of the feed pipe 124 through the elastic deformation of the iris elastic member 126 to precisely control the liquid flow rate in the pipe; the reset elastic member 127 is tightly connected to the regulating valve 121 and the iris assembly 122 respectively to ensure that after the adjustment action is completed, the iris assembly 122 can promptly return to its original position to maintain the stable flow rate of the feed pipe 124; ensure the stability of the dredging equipment during operation, avoid pipeline blockage, and improve the overall operation efficiency and reliability.

[0034] Further, the anti-blocking assembly 13 includes a circulation pipe 131 and a spray head 132. The spray head 132 is tightly connected to the feed hopper 111, the spray head 132 is communicated with the circulation pipe 131, and the circulation pipe 131 is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the spray head 132 is tightly connected to the feed hopper 111 and is communicated with the circulation pipe 131. The other end of the circulation pipe 131 is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2. The liquid recovered from the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 is transported to the spray head 132 through the circulation pipe 131. The spray head 132 sprays the liquid at high pressure onto the inner wall of the feed hopper 111 and the entrance of the conveying pipeline 112 to continuously wash the feed hopper 111 and the conveying channel, effectively preventing silt from adhering, accumulating and blocking during the feeding process, ensuring smooth feeding, reducing the equipment downtime for maintenance, and significantly improving the operation efficiency and stability of the dredging equipment.

[0036] Further, the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 includes a sedimentation separation component 21, a filtration separation component 22 and a dehydration extrusion component 23. The sedimentation separation component 21 is located above the filtration separation component 22. The sedimentation separation component 21 is communicated with the filtration separation component 22, and the filtration separation component 22 is communicated with the dehydration extrusion component 23. The sedimentation separation component 21 includes a sedimentation separation cylinder 211, a spiral guide vane 212 and a vibration motor 213. The sedimentation separation cylinder 211 is communicated with the feed pipe 124. The sedimentation separation cylinder 211 is a conical cylinder. The spiral guide vane 212 is tightly connected to the sedimentation separation cylinder 211, and the vibration motor 213 abuts against the sedimentation separation cylinder 211.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 adopts a conical cylinder structure and is connected to the feed pipe 124. The design of the tapered cylinder section gradually reduces, so that the mud entering the cylinder is gradually accelerated to settle and separate; the spiral guide blade 212 is tightly connected to the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 and is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder, which can guide the mud to flow in a spiral path and accelerate the speed of solid particles settling downward; the vibration motor 213 is in contact with the sedimentation separation cylinder 211, and generates high-frequency vibration when working, which can effectively prevent solid particles from adhering to the cylinder wall, and at the same time promote the rapid and clear formation of the solid-liquid interface, and accelerate the sedimentation efficiency. The material that has been separated by sedimentation quickly flows into the filtering and separation component 22 below through gravity and vibration, which further improves the efficiency and accuracy of solid-liquid separation, reduces the workload of the subsequent filtering and separation and dehydration extrusion components 23, and significantly improves the processing capacity and operation stability of the overall dredging equipment.

[0038] Furthermore, the filtering and separating assembly 22 includes a drum 221, a filter screen 222, a spiral rod 223, a self-cleaning scraper 224, a cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 and a rotating motor 226. The drum 221 is arranged at an angle, the filter screen 222 and the drum 221 are fastened together, the rotating motor 226 and the drum 221 are fastened together, the rotating motor 226 and the spiral rod 223 are transmission-connected, the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 and the spiral rod 223 are fastened together, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 and the self-cleaning scraper 224 are transmission-connected.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, the drum 221 is arranged in an inclined manner, which is conducive to the mud being pushed forward along the inner surface of the drum 221 under the action of gravity; the filter screen 222 is tightly connected to the drum 221, and the preliminary separation of solid and liquid is achieved through the screening effect of the filter screen 222, the liquid is discharged through the filter screen 222, and the solid particles are retained on the inner surface of the filter screen 222; the rotating motor 226 is tightly connected to the drum 221, and the drum 221 is driven to rotate through the spiral rod 223, so that the mud continues to move forward along the spiral trajectory evenly to avoid local blockage; the self-cleaning scraper 224 is transmission-connected to the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 is tightly connected to the spiral rod 223, driving the self-cleaning scraper 224 to fit the surface of the filter screen 222 to make reciprocating motion, timely scraping off the solid particles adhered to the surface of the filter screen 222, preventing the filter screen 222 from being blocked, and continuously maintaining a good filtering effect of the filter screen 222, thereby improving the operating stability of the equipment, extending the maintenance cycle, and improving the solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, the dehydration extrusion assembly 23 includes an extrusion barrel 231 and an extrusion cam 232 . The extrusion barrel 231 is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel. The extrusion cam 232 is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 117 of the extrusion barrel 231 and is connected to the motor. A drainage hole 2311 is provided on the extrusion barrel 231 .

[0041] By adopting the above technical scheme, the extrusion barrel 231 in the dewatering extrusion assembly 23 is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel material, which has good corrosion resistance and structural strength, and can adapt to long-term high-intensity work in complex mud media; the extrusion cam 232 is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 117 of the extrusion barrel 231, and is connected to the motor transmission. The motor drives the transmission shaft 117 to rotate and drives the extrusion cam 232 to periodically extrude the mud cake in the barrel 231, and applies continuous and intermittent radial pressure to the material during rotation; a plurality of drainage holes 2311 are provided on the extrusion barrel 231. When the material is squeezed, the residual liquid inside is quickly discharged through the drainage holes 2311, thereby further removing the residual water in the mud; this structure greatly improves the dehydration efficiency, reduces the subsequent slag discharge load, and improves the final slag dryness through mechanical periodic extrusion and drainage of the drainage holes 2311, thereby ensuring that the entire dredging process is stable and efficient.

[0042] Furthermore, the slag discharge mechanism 3 includes a conveyor belt 31, a valve 32, a slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33, a secondary filter screen 34 and a slag discharge box 35, the slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected, the secondary filter screen 34 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected, the slag discharge box 35 is connected to the extrusion cylinder 231, the valve 32 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected, and the conveyor belt 31 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected.

[0043] By adopting the above technical scheme, the slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, which can drive the mud cake or solid waste in the slag discharge box 35 to be quantitatively pushed out; the slag discharge box 35 is connected to the extrusion cylinder 231, which is used to receive the dehydrated solid material discharged by the extrusion cylinder 231, ensuring that the slag material after dehydration smoothly enters the slag discharge system; the secondary filter screen 34 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, and is arranged in the slag discharge channel to filter the residual liquid again to prevent the seepage from being discharged together with the solid, thereby improving the overall solid-liquid separation accuracy; the valve 32 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, which can control the opening and closing of the slag discharge port, realize the precise control of the slag discharge timing, and avoid the slag material from flowing back or leaking out; the conveyor belt 31 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, which can continuously and stably transport the slag material pushed out of the slag discharge box 35 to the designated stacking or processing area, thereby realizing the automatic transportation and processing of solid waste, improving the slag discharge efficiency, reducing the manual burden, and enhancing the continuity and automation of the dredging equipment operation.

[0044] Furthermore, the liquid recovery mechanism 4 includes a centrifugal pump 41 and a storage tank 42 , the centrifugal pump 41 and the storage tank 42 , the storage tank 42 and the extrusion cylinder 231 are connected, and the storage tank 42 and the circulation pipe 131 are connected.

[0045] By adopting the above technical solution, the centrifugal pump 41 in the liquid recovery mechanism 4 is used to extract the liquid discharged after dehydration from the extrusion cylinder 231 and transport it to the storage tank 42, achieving efficient collection of the separated liquid; the storage tank 42 is connected to the extrusion cylinder 231 and is used to temporarily store the liquid discharged during the dehydration process, ensuring that the liquid does not leak out and facilitating subsequent unified treatment; at the same time, the storage tank 42 is connected to the circulation pipe 131, and the stored liquid can be transported to the spray head 132 of the anti-clogging component 13 through the circulation pipe 131 to realize the reuse of the cleaning liquid; this structure is powered by the centrifugal pump 41 to form a liquid closed recovery circulation system, which not only avoids the discharge of sewage and improves the environmental protection benefit, but also realizes the reuse of water resources, reduces the operation cost, and improves the economy and sustainability of the overall system operation.

[0046] The working principle of the present invention: The feed hopper 111 in the feed assembly 11 is hinged to the support hull 113 through a hinge rod 1112. The angle adjustment of the feed hopper 111 is achieved by driving through a hinge hydraulic cylinder 1111. The lifting of the feed hopper 111 is realized by driving a lifting block 119 to slide in the vertical direction of the support hull 113 through a lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110, so as to adjust the feed position and depth. The feed motor 118 drives the agglomerating vane 114 and the shear block 115 to rotate through a transmission shaft 117. The agglomerating vane 114 agglomerates the silt and sends it into the conveying pipeline 112. The shear block 115 can cut large-sized solids to prevent blockage. The follower frame 116 is connected to the movable plate 1113 through a transmission shaft 117, and the movable plate 1113 further drives the flow rate regulating assembly 12 to act. The flow rate regulating assembly 12 pushes the regulating valve 121 through the movable plate 1113. The regulating valve 121 drives the fitting block 125 to slide in the feed pipe 124 through a pressing block 123. At the same time, the iris elastic member 126 acts on the iris assembly 122 to make it flexibly deform, and the flow rate in the pipe is adjusted by the aperture change of the iris assembly 122. The reset elastic member 127 can quickly reset the assembly to achieve precise flow rate control. The spray head 132 in the anti-blocking assembly 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the feed hopper 111, and the cleaning liquid processed by the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 is cyclically sprayed onto the inner wall and the feed port of the feed hopper 111 through a circulation pipe 131 to prevent mud blockage. In the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2, the vibration motor 213 of the sedimentation separation assembly 21 acts on the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 to generate high-frequency vibration, accelerating the solid-liquid stratification of the silt. The conical cylinder body cooperates with the spiral guide vane 212 to make the solid particles quickly settle and send them into the lower filter separation assembly 22 below; the rotating motor 226 of the filter separation assembly 22 drives the screw rod 223 to rotate. At the same time, the drum 221 is arranged obliquely, so that the solid-liquid mixture is spirally pushed along the filter screen 222. The liquid seeps out through the filter screen 222, and the solid is scraped off by the self-cleaning scraper 224. The cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 pushes the self-cleaning scraper 224 to realize the automatic cleaning of the filter screen 222; in the dehydration extrusion assembly 23, the extrusion cam 232 rotates driven by a motor, and the material in the extrusion cylinder 231 is extruded of water under the periodic extrusion action of the cam and discharged through the drain hole 2311 to improve the dehydration efficiency. In the slag discharge mechanism 3, the solid after extrusion and dehydration is sent into the slag discharge box 35 through the control of the valve 32. The slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33 pushes the material in the slag discharge box 35 to further filter out the remaining liquid through the secondary filter screen 34, and finally it is automatically conveyed and discharged through the conveyor belt 31 to improve the slag material treatment efficiency. The liquid recovery mechanism 4 uses a centrifugal pump 41 to pump the liquid discharged from the extrusion cylinder 231 to the storage tank 42. The storage tank 42 not only collects the dehydrated liquid, but also is connected to the spray head 132 of the anti-blocking assembly 13 through the circulation pipe 131 to realize the recycling of the processed cleaning liquid, forming a closed-loop circulation system for liquid treatment, effectively improving the economy and environmental protection of the equipment operation.

[0047] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in any regard, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Accordingly, all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A hydraulic engineering dredging device with a solid-liquid separation function, characterized in that: The dredging equipment includes a feeding and conveying mechanism (1), a solid-liquid separation mechanism (2), a slag discharging mechanism (3) and a liquid recovery mechanism (4). The feeding and conveying mechanism (1) is firmly connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2). The slag discharging mechanism (3) is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2). The liquid recovery mechanism (4) is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2). The liquid recovery mechanism (4) is communicated with the feeding and conveying mechanism (1).

2. The hydraulic engineering dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding and conveying mechanism (1) includes a feeding component (11), a flow rate adjusting component (12) and a clogging prevention component (13). The flow rate adjusting component (12) is firmly connected to the feeding component (11). The clogging prevention component (13) is firmly connected to the feeding component (11). The feeding component (11) includes a feeding hopper (111), a conveying pipeline (112), a support hull (113), an aggregation vane (114), a shearing block (115), a follower frame (116), a transmission shaft (117), a feeding motor (118), a lifting block (119), a lifting hydraulic cylinder (1110), a hinged hydraulic cylinder (1111), a hinged rod (1112) and a movable plate (1113). The feeding hopper (111) is hinged to the hinged rod (1112). The hinged rod (1112) is hinged to the support hull (113). The feeding motor (118) is firmly connected to the feeding hopper (111). The feeding motor (118) is drivingly connected to the transmission shaft (117). The transmission shaft (117) is drivingly connected to the aggregation vane (114). The transmission shaft (117) is drivingly connected to the shearing block (115). The lifting block (119) is slidably connected to the support hull (113). The lifting hydraulic cylinder (1110) is firmly connected to the support hull (113). The lifting hydraulic cylinder (1110) is drivingly connected to the lifting block (119). The lifting block (119) is hinged to the feeding hopper (111). The hinged hydraulic cylinder (1111) is hinged to the support hull (113). The hinged hydraulic cylinder (1111) is drivingly connected to the feeding hopper (111). The follower frame (116) is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft (117). The follower frame (116) is firmly connected to the movable plate (1113). The movable plate (1113) is firmly connected to the flow rate adjusting component (12).

3. The hydraulic engineering dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow rate adjustment assembly (12) includes a regulating valve (121), an iris assembly (122), a pressing block (123), a feed pipe (124), a fitting block (125), an iris elastic member (126), and a reset elastic member (127). The regulating valve (121) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (1113). The regulating valve (121) is slidably connected to the feed pipe (124). The iris assembly (122) is fixedly connected to the feed pipe (124). The iris elastic member (126) is fixedly connected to the iris assembly (122). The iris elastic member (126) is fixedly connected to the fitting block (125). The fitting block (125) is slidably connected to the feed pipe (124). The pressing block (123) is fixedly connected to the regulating valve (121). The reset elastic member (127) is fixedly connected to the regulating valve (121). The reset elastic member (127) is fixedly connected to the iris assembly (122). The pressing block (123) abuts against the fitting block (125).

4. The hydraulic engineering dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-blocking assembly (13) includes a circulation pipe (131) and a spray head (132). The spray head (132) is fixedly connected to the feed hopper (111). The spray head (132) is communicated with the circulation pipe (131). The circulation pipe (131) is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2).

5. A dredging equipment for hydraulic engineering with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation mechanism (2) includes a sedimentation separation assembly (21), a filtration separation assembly (22), and a dehydration extrusion assembly (23). The sedimentation separation assembly (21) is located above the filtration separation assembly (22). The sedimentation separation assembly (21) is communicated with the filtration separation assembly (22). The filtration separation assembly (22) is communicated with the dehydration extrusion assembly (23). The sedimentation separation assembly (21) includes a sedimentation separation cylinder (211), a spiral guide vane (212), and a vibration motor (213). The sedimentation separation cylinder (211) is communicated with the feed pipe (124). The sedimentation separation cylinder (211) is a conical cylinder. The spiral guide vane (212) is fixedly connected to the sedimentation separation cylinder (211). The vibration motor (213) abuts against the sedimentation separation cylinder (211).

6. The dredging equipment for water conservancy projects with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filtration separation assembly (22) includes a drum (221), a filter screen (222), a screw rod (223), a self-cleaning scraper (224), a cleaning hydraulic cylinder (225), and a rotating motor (226). The drum (221) is arranged obliquely. The filter screen (222) is fixedly connected to the drum (221). The rotating motor (226) is fixedly connected to the drum (221). The rotating motor (226) is in transmission connection with the screw rod (223). The cleaning hydraulic cylinder (225) is fixedly connected to the screw rod (223). The cleaning hydraulic cylinder (225) is in transmission connection with the self-cleaning scraper (224).

7. The dredging equipment for water conservancy projects with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dehydration and extrusion assembly (23) includes an extrusion cylinder (231) and an extrusion cam (232). The extrusion cylinder (231) is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel. The extrusion cam (232) is fixedly installed on the transmission shaft (117) of the extrusion cylinder (231) and is in transmission connection with the motor. The extrusion cylinder (231) is provided with drain holes (2311).

8. A dredging equipment for hydraulic engineering with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slag discharge mechanism (3) includes a conveyor belt (31), a valve (32), a slag discharge hydraulic cylinder (33), a secondary filter screen (34), and a slag discharge box (35). The slag discharge hydraulic cylinder (33) is fixedly connected to the slag discharge box (35). The secondary filter screen (34) is fixedly connected to the slag discharge box (35). The slag discharge box (35) is communicated with the extrusion cylinder (231). The valve (32) is fixedly connected to the slag discharge box (35). The conveyor belt (31) is fixedly connected to the slag discharge box (35).

9. The dredging equipment for hydraulic engineering with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid recovery mechanism (4) includes a centrifugal pump (41) and a storage tank (42). The centrifugal pump (41) and the storage tank (42) are connected. The storage tank (42) is communicated with the extrusion cylinder (231). The storage tank (42) is communicated with the circulation pipe (131).

Images