Building thermal insulation wall structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering, and discloses a building thermal insulation wall structure and a construction method.The building thermal insulation wall structure comprises a thermal insulation wall, the thermal insulation wall comprises a thermal insulation layer, and a thermal insulation unit is arranged in the thermal insulation layer. According to the building heat preservation wall body structure and the construction method, a modular building heat preservation wall body capable of being rapidly replaced is provided, and the outer layer wall plate is externally coated with a nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating and is rigidly connected with a heat preservation layer through dovetail joggle joint; a matrix type limiting frame is arranged in the heat preservation layer, a lead screw-sliding block mechanism is driven by rotating an external rotating head, a limiting rod at the top end of a Y-shaped sliding frame is controlled to be contracted / unfolded, and vertical embedding locking and drawing replacement of the heat preservation unit are achieved. 5-10mm gaps are reserved between adjacent units and are filled with closed-cell PE foaming strips to block a heat bridge; the inner-layer wallboard is in bolted connection with the connecting rods through the mounting grooves, uniform pressure distribution is formed, directional maintenance is supported, the single-point disassembly and assembly time is shorter than or equal to 3 minutes, and carbon emission in the whole life cycle is reduced compared with a traditional process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction engineering, and particularly to a building thermal insulation wall structure and a construction method therefor. Background Art

[0002] A building thermal insulation wall refers to a wall of a building that uses certain thermal insulation materials and has good thermal insulation performance through specific structures and construction methods, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the building and improving the indoor comfort. The main function of a building thermal insulation wall is to reduce the heat transfer between the indoors and outdoors. In winter, it can prevent the indoor heat from dissipating outward, and in summer, it can block the outdoor heat from entering the indoor. There are many types of thermal insulation wall materials, such as polystyrene boards, extruded polystyrene boards, rock wool boards, glass wool, etc. These materials have good thermal insulation performance and certain fire resistance. During the construction process, attention needs to be paid to the pasting or fixing methods of the thermal insulation materials, as well as the bonding strength between the thermal insulation layer and the wall base layer to ensure the stability and durability of the thermal insulation wall. At the same time, in order to prevent the thermal insulation layer from being affected by moisture and erosion, a waterproof layer and a protective layer need to be provided outside the thermal insulation layer. In short, a building thermal insulation wall is one of the important measures for building energy conservation and is of great significance for improving the energy utilization efficiency and living comfort of buildings.

[0003] Traditional building thermal insulation walls mostly adopt external wall external insulation or sandwich insulation structures, and there are technical defects that the thermal insulation layer cannot be replaced. When local aging or water seepage occurs, large areas need to be demolished, resulting in high maintenance costs and a large amount of construction waste. At the same time, significant thermal bridge effects are formed at the joints of the thermal insulation boards, metal anchors, etc., increasing the overall thermal conductivity by 30%-50%. Moreover, wet construction depends on environmental temperature and humidity conditions, is prone to causing drum cracking, and the construction period is extended by more than 40%. In addition, the recovery rate of traditional petroleum-based thermal insulation materials is less than 10%, and the carbon emissions over the entire life cycle reach 30-35 kgCO2 / m², making it difficult to meet the green building standards. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a building thermal insulation wall structure and a construction method therefor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a building thermal insulation wall structure and a construction method therefor to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A building thermal insulation wall structure and a construction method therefor, including a thermal insulation wall, the thermal insulation wall includes a thermal insulation layer, and thermal insulation units are arranged inside the thermal insulation layer; The heat preservation layer is used to limit the heat preservation unit, enabling the heat preservation unit to be quickly replaced. The heat preservation layer includes a limiting frame. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame. A lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate. A slider is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw. A slide rail is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slider. The surface of the slide rail is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat preservation layer. One end of the lead screw away from the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the limiting frame. A sliding frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate. The sliding frame is Y-shaped. The bottom end of the sliding frame is slidably connected to the slider. A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding frame away from the slider. There are two limiting rods, and the two limiting rods are respectively arranged at both ends of the top of the sliding frame. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat preservation layer. The lead screw penetrates through the mounting plate and extends to the outside. A rotating head is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw away from the limiting frame.

[0006] The heat preservation unit includes a housing. A limiting groove is opened at the bottom end of the housing. Closed-cell foamed polyurethane is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. A vacuum insulation panel is also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing.

[0007] The interior of the heat preservation unit is composed of alternating laminations of closed-cell foamed polyurethane and vacuum insulation panels. The inner wall of the limiting groove is slidably connected to the surface of the limiting rod.

[0008] The closed-cell rate of the closed-cell foamed polyurethane ≥ %, the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel is less than. W / (m·K), and the overall thermal conductivity is less than. W / (m·K) after the two are alternately stacked.

[0009] The heat preservation wall also includes an outer wall panel. A nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating is covered on the surface of the outer wall panel. The surface of the outer wall panel is fixedly connected to the heat preservation layer.

[0010] The solar reflectance of the nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating ≥., the hemispherical emissivity ≥., and it has a self-cleaning function.

[0011] The heat preservation wall also includes an inner wall panel. An installation groove is opened on the surface of the inner wall panel. The installation groove can be fixedly connected to the connecting rod through bolts.

[0012] A construction method for a building heat preservation wall includes the following steps: S1. Installation and positioning: Fix the outer wall panel to the building main body through a steel structure frame, and spray a nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating on its outer surface, controlling the coating thickness to be 80 - 120 μm; S2. Partition limit setting: Divide four independent areas inside the limiting frame of the heat preservation layer, and pre-install a set of limit components composed of a lead screw, a slider, a slide rail, and a Y-shaped sliding frame in each area. The four sets of limit components are distributed in a matrix; S3. Adjustment of the limiting mechanism: Rotate the lead screws in each area respectively to drive the corresponding sliders to slide along the slide rails, so that the four Y-shaped sliding frames are unfolded, and the distance between the limiting rods in each area is expanded to the maximum installation position; S4. Independent installation of units: Embed the four heat preservation units into four independent areas respectively. Align the limiting grooves of each heat preservation unit with the limiting rods in the corresponding areas. Leave a 5-10 mm gap between the heat preservation units and do not connect them directly; S5. Split locking: Rotate the lead screws in each area reversely one by one, so that the limiting rods contract towards the center and press the limiting grooves of the heat preservation units, and apply a torque of 30-50 N·m to lock, ensuring that the four groups of heat preservation units are independently fixed; S6. Sealing treatment: Fill the flexible closed-cell PE foam strip at the intervals of the heat preservation units, and cover the surface with polyurethane sealant to form a continuous isolation layer; S7. Inner layer assembly: Connect the installation grooves of the inner wall panels and the heat preservation layer through bolts and connecting rods; S8. Directional maintenance: When a single heat preservation unit fails, only remove the connecting bolts of the inner wall panel in the corresponding partition, and adjust the rotating head in this area to drive the lead screw to release the limiting rod, then the target heat preservation unit can be replaced separately.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: First, through the design of the split limiting frame, the present invention divides the heat preservation layer into four independent areas. Each area is equipped with a limiting system composed of a lead screw, a Y-shaped sliding frame and a limiting rod. Combined with the vertical embedding structure of the limiting groove at the bottom of the heat preservation unit, when a single point fails, only the inner wall panel in the corresponding partition needs to be removed and the rotating head is adjusted to replace the heat preservation unit directionally. Compared with the traditional integral heat preservation wall, the maintenance efficiency is improved, and there is no need to damage the overall structure, reducing the maintenance cost and the generation of construction waste.

[0014] Second, by setting a 5-10 mm gap between the heat preservation units and filling with flexible closed-cell PE foam strip and polyurethane sealant, an elastic isolation layer is formed, completely blocking the linear thermal bridge effect caused by direct contact between the units. At the same time, the alternating laminated structure of closed-cell foamed polyurethane and vacuum insulation board with a thermal conductivity <0.008 W / (m·K) reduces the overall thermal conductivity to below 0.022 W / (m·K). Compared with the traditional rock wool heat preservation system with a thermal conductivity of about 0.040 W / (m·K), the energy-saving efficiency is improved.

[0015] Thirdly, through the modular design of the thermal insulation unit, combined with the use of recycled polycarbonate with a recovery rate of ≥85% for the unit shell and recyclable encapsulation materials for the vacuum insulation panel, the present invention realizes the closed-loop management of "production - installation - recycling". The factory prefabrication rate reaches 95%, the construction waste rate is relatively small, which is effectively reduced compared with the traditional process. After the discarded unit is disassembled, the recycling rate of the shell material is increased, the low-temperature cracking and regeneration rate of the closed-cell foamed polyurethane is ≥75%, which is lower than that of the traditional rock wool thermal insulation wall, while reducing the consumption of petroleum-based raw materials, and having the dual advantages of resource conservation and low-carbon construction. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is an internal schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is an internal schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention; Figure 5 is a disassembled schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention.

[0017] Legend Explanation: 1. Thermal insulation wall; 10. Outer wall panel; 1001. Nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating; 20. Thermal insulation layer; 2001. Limit frame; 2002. Limit plate; 2003. Installation plate; 2004. Connecting rod; 2006. Rotating head; 2007. Lead screw; 2008. Slide rail; 2009. Slide block; 2010. Sliding frame; 2011. Limit rod; 30. Inner wall panel; 3001. Installation groove; 40. Thermal insulation unit; 4001. Shell; 4002. Limit groove; 4003. Closed-cell foamed polyurethane; 4004. Vacuum insulation panel. Detailed Embodiment

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment

[0019] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 ,Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a building thermal insulation wall structure and a construction method, including a thermal insulation wall 1, the thermal insulation wall 1 includes a thermal insulation layer 20, and a thermal insulation unit 40 is arranged inside the thermal insulation layer 20; The thermal insulation layer 20 is used to limit the thermal insulation unit 40, so that the thermal insulation unit 40 can be quickly replaced. The thermal insulation layer 20 includes a limiting frame 2001, a limiting plate 2002 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame 2001, a lead screw 2007 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate 2002, a slider 2009 is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw 2007, a slide rail 2008 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slider 2009, and the surface of the slide rail 2008 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the thermal insulation layer 20. One end of the lead screw 2007 away from the mounting plate 2003 is rotatably connected to the limiting frame 2001. A sliding frame 2010 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate 2002. The sliding frame 2010 is Y-shaped. The bottom end of the sliding frame 2010 is slidably connected to the slider 2009. One end of the sliding frame 2010 away from the slider 2009 is fixedly connected to a limiting rod 2011. There are two limiting rods 2011, and the two limiting rods 2011 are respectively arranged at both ends of the top of the sliding frame 2010. A connecting rod 2004 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the thermal insulation layer 20. The lead screw 2007 penetrates through the mounting plate 2003 and extends to the outside. One end of the lead screw 2007 away from the limiting frame 2001 is fixedly connected to a rotating head 2006.

[0020] The insulation layer 20 is fixed with a limit plate 2002 through the inner wall of the limit frame 2001. The lead screw 2007 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limit plate 2002 forms a threaded transmission pair with the slider 2009. The slide rail 2008 slidably connected to the inner wall of the slider 2009 is fixed to the inner wall of the insulation layer 20 to limit the linear motion trajectory of the slider 2009. One end of the lead screw 2007 passes through the mounting plate 2003 and extends to the external fixed rotating head 2006, and the other end is rotatably connected to the limit frame 2001 to form a fulcrum; the bottom end of the Y-shaped sliding frame 2010 is slidably connected to the slider 2009, and the two limit rods 2011 fixed at the top two ends produce a horizontal expansion or contraction action through the displacement of the slider 2009 along the slide rail 2008. When the rotating rotating head 2006 drives the lead screw 2007 to rotate, the slider 2009 moves along the slide rail 2008 and pushes the Y-shaped sliding frame 20 10, the bottom end is displaced synchronously, and the linear motion of the slider 2009 is converted into the horizontal clamping action of the limit rod 2011 by the lever effect of the Y-shaped structure, thereby realizing the mechanical locking or release of the limit groove 4002 at the bottom of the insulation unit 40; the connecting rod 2004 fixed to the inner wall of the insulation layer 20 is connected to the installation groove 3001 of the inner wall panel 30 by bolts, forming a secondary constraint on the insulation unit 40, ensuring that when the insulation unit 40 is subjected to wind load in the locked state, the limit rod 2011 and the connecting rod 2004 share the stress together to avoid single-point overload failure; the whole set of mechanical linkage system can complete the rapid disassembly and assembly of the insulation unit 40 through the knob operation of the external rotating head 2006, without destroying the wall structure, and the double-point symmetrical clamping design of the limit rod 2011 makes the insulation unit 40 evenly stressed, eliminating the risk of deformation of the sealing layer caused by unbalanced load.

[0021] The heat preservation unit 40 includes a shell 4001 , a limiting groove 4002 is provided at the bottom end of the shell 4001 , a closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 4001 , and a vacuum insulation panel 4004 is also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 4001 .

[0022] The thermal insulation unit 40 consists of a housing 4001, closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003, and a vacuum insulation panel 4004 to form an integrated functional module. Its core function is to achieve coordinated control of ultra-low thermal conductivity and precise assembly through a composite structure: The housing 4001 is integrally injection-molded from high-strength recycled polycarbonate. The limiting groove 4002 opened at the bottom is a rectangular groove structure with a groove depth of 8 - 12 mm and a width tolerance of ±0.3 mm, forming a clearance fit with the limiting rod 2011 of the thermal insulation layer 20 with a fit clearance ≤ 0.5 mm, ensuring a positioning accuracy of ±1.5 mm level through mechanical alignment during installation; The inner wall of the housing 4001 is fixed with closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 through a molding process, with a closed-cell rate ≥ 95% and a density of 45 ± 5 kg / m³, and an alternating laminated structure with the vacuum insulation panel 4004, where the core material is fumed silica and the thermal conductivity ≤ 0.008 W / (m·K). Among them, the closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 is filled at intervals of 10 - 15 mm thickness between the vacuum insulation panels 4004, using its elastic deformation ability to compensate for the brittle defects of the vacuum insulation panel 4004, while blocking the contact heat conduction between the plates, reducing the overall thermal conductivity to below 0.022 W / (m·K); The side wall of the housing 4001 is designed with transverse reinforcing ribs and longitudinal card slots, which not only improve the compressive strength of the unit but also facilitate transportation and stacking; During installation, the rigid engagement between the limiting groove 4002 and the limiting rod 2011 can withstand a shear force of ≥ 800 N / m, and the composite layer structure of the closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 and the vacuum insulation panel 4004 has a thermal resistance volatility ≤ 5% in the temperature range of -40°C to 80°C, ensuring stable thermal insulation performance under all climatic conditions. This design breaks through the defects of traditional thermal insulation materials such as non-replaceability and significant thermal bridges through the triple technical path of "housing mechanical positioning - gradient material heat insulation - structural stress buffering".

[0023] The interior of the thermal insulation unit 40 is composed of alternating laminations of closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 and vacuum insulation panels 4004, and the inner wall of the limiting groove 4002 is slidably connected to the surface of the limiting rod 2011.

[0024] Inside the thermal insulation unit 40, the synergistic optimization of gradient heat insulation and mechanical properties is achieved through the alternating laminated structure of closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 and vacuum insulation panel 4004: The closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 has a closed-cell rate ≥ 95% and a density of 45 ± 5 kg / m³, and is filled with equal thickness of 10 - 15 mm between adjacent vacuum insulation panels 4004. Its thermal conductivity ≤ 0.008 W / (m·K) and thickness is between 6 - 8 mm. By using its elastic modulus and the closed-cell gas barrier characteristics, it not only buffers the microcrack propagation caused by the brittleness of the vacuum insulation panel 4004, but also blocks the heat transfer path between the plates through the porous medium, reducing the overall thermal conductivity of the composite laminate to below 0.022 W / (m·K); The core material of the vacuum insulation panel 4004 is nano-aerosil powder, combined with an aluminum foil / polyimide composite encapsulation film, which realizes the dual suppression of radiative heat transfer and gas convection under a vacuum level of 30 Pa; The inner wall of the limit groove 4002 at the bottom of the outer shell 4001 is precision machined by CNC to form a sliding pair with the surface of the limit rod 2011. During installation, the vertical embedding of the thermal insulation unit 4002 is positioned with an accuracy of ±1.0 mm through the guiding action of the limit rod 2011. At the same time, the contact surface between the side wall of the limit groove 4002 and the limit rod 2011 is designed with a 3° micro-inclination angle to ensure the self-aligning effect during mechanical locking, making the clamping force evenly distributed and avoiding the deformation of the outer shell 4001 caused by local stress concentration; This composite structure still maintains an elastic recovery rate of ≥ 90% for the closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 at a low temperature of -40°C, the vacuum degree attenuation rate of the vacuum insulation panel 4004 is relatively low, and the precise fit between the limit groove 4002 and the limit rod 2011 can withstand multiple disassembly and assembly cycles, realizing the long-term unity of thermal insulation performance and maintainability.

[0025] The closed-cell rate of the closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 is ≥ 95%, the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel 4004 is less than 0.008 W / (m·K), and the overall thermal conductivity is less than 0.022 W / (m·K) after their alternating superposition.

[0026] The alternating composite structure of closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 and vacuum insulation panel 4004 achieves ultra-low thermal conductivity and long-term stability through complementary material properties and optimized interfacial thermal resistance. Closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003, with a closed-cell rate ≥ 95% and a density of 45 ± 3 kg / m³, forms a multi-level heat-resistant layer composed of independent closed-cell gas units. Its own thermal conductivity ≤ 0.025 W / (m·K), and it also has an elastic deformation recovery rate ≥ 85%, which can effectively absorb the micro-cracks generated by the installation stress or temperature difference deformation of the vacuum insulation panel 4004. The vacuum insulation panel 4004 uses a nano-aerosil core material and a multi-layer aluminum foil-polyimide composite barrier film for encapsulation, and suppresses the thermal conductivity to below 0.008 W / (m·K) under the condition of a vacuum degree ≤ 1 Pa, and its radiation heat transfer contribution rate ≤ 15%. When the two are alternately stacked with a layer thickness ratio of 2:1, the closed-cell foamed polyurethane 4003 blocks the contact heat transfer between the plates and the edge heat bridge effect by filling the gaps of the vacuum insulation panel 4004 and covering its edges. At the same time, its elastic properties compensate for the rigid interface stress concentration of the vacuum insulation panel 4004, reducing the overall thermal conductivity of the composite to below 0.022 W / (m·K). The thermal resistance of this structure fluctuates less in the temperature range of -40°C to 80°C, and the attenuation rate of the thermal conductivity after freeze-thaw cycles is low. The vacuum degree maintenance rate of the vacuum insulation panel 4004 ≥ 98%, breaking through the thermal performance limit of traditional single-material insulation systems.

[0027] The thermal insulation wall 1 further includes an outer wall panel 10, the surface of the outer wall panel 10 is covered with a nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating 1001, and the surface of the outer wall panel 10 is fixedly connected to the thermal insulation layer 20.

[0028] The outer wall panel 10 serves as the first thermal protection interface of the building insulation wall 1. It forms a collaborative thermal control system through the mechanical connection between the nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating 1001 covered on the surface and the internal insulation layer 20. The substrate of the outer wall panel 10 is made of lightweight and high-strength aluminum-magnesium alloy with a thickness of 2-3 mm and a yield strength ≥ 150 MPa. The nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating 1001 is formed on its outer surface through the plasma spraying process. This coating is composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, hollow glass microspheres, and a fluorocarbon resin matrix, achieving a solar reflectance ≥ 0.90 and a hemispherical emissivity ≥ 0.92 for radiative heat reflection performance, and endowing a self-cleaning function with a surface contact angle ≤ 10° by virtue of the photocatalytic property of titanium dioxide; the inner side of the outer wall panel 10 is fitted with the outer edge of the limit frame 2001 of the insulation layer 20 through dovetail joints and fixed circumferentially at equal intervals with high-strength bolts to form a continuous rigid connection surface to resist wind pressure loads; the joint between the outer wall panel 10 and the insulation layer 20 is filled with silicone weather-resistant glue, and its low thermal conductivity effectively blocks the contact heat bridge between the metal wall panel and the insulation layer frame; the radiative cooling effect of the nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating 1001 can reduce the surface temperature of the outer wall panel 10 compared with that of a common metal plate in the same environment, reducing the heat transfer flux to the insulation layer 20; at the same time, the lightweight characteristic of the outer wall panel 10 is adapted to the modular structure of the insulation layer 20, realizing the cross-scale optimization of the thermal performance and mechanical load-bearing of the overall wall system.

[0029] The solar reflectance of the nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating 1001 is ≥ 0.90, the hemispherical emissivity is ≥ 0.92, and it has a self-cleaning function.

[0030] The nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating 1001 realizes the composite functions of high-efficiency heat reflection, radiative heat dissipation, and surface self-cleaning through the synergistic action of multi-scale materials: this coating uses a fluorocarbon resin as the matrix, and uniformly disperses titanium dioxide TiO2 nanoparticles and hollow glass microspheres. Among them, the titanium dioxide nanoparticles decompose surface organic pollutants through photocatalysis, making the contact angle of the coating ≤ 10° and achieving a self-cleaning effect under rainwater scouring; the hollow glass microspheres serve as scatterers to form a full-band reflection in the solar spectrum range of 200-2500 nm, and their internal vacuum cavity effectively inhibits solid conduction and gas convection heat transfer; the surface of the coating forms a micro-nano composite structure through laser etching, raising the hemispherical emissivity of 8-13 μm long-wave infrared radiation to ≥ 0.92, enabling the heat absorbed by the wall surface to be quickly dissipated to the atmospheric cold source in the form of radiation; the measured data shows that this coating can effectively reduce the surface temperature of the outer wall panel 10 compared with traditional coatings, reducing the heat transfer load to the insulation layer 20, and still maintaining a small reflection ratio attenuation rate and a stable self-cleaning efficiency level within five years in a humid and hot climate, breaking through the technical bottlenecks of traditional reflective coatings such as easy fouling and poor durability.

[0031] The heat-insulating wall 1 further includes an inner wall panel 30. An installation groove 3001 is formed on the surface of the inner wall panel 30, and the installation groove 3001 can be fixedly connected to the connecting rod 2004 through bolts.

[0032] The inner wall panel 30 is bolted to the connecting rod 2004 inside the heat-insulating layer 20 through the installation groove 3001 formed on its surface, forming a detachable inner closed interface and realizing uniform pressure distribution and rapid maintenance: the inner wall of the installation groove 3001 is polished to reduce the friction coefficient with the bolts; the end of the connecting rod 2004 is pre-machined with an M12 threaded hole with a tolerance grade of 6H. High-strength bolts are used to penetrate the installation groove 3001 and lock with the connecting rod 2004. A fluororubber washer is arranged below the bolt head to compensate for the installation surface tolerance; when the bolts are tightened, the inner wall panel 30 applies a uniform pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa to the heat-insulating layer 20, forcing the heat-insulating unit 40 to closely fit with the limit frame 2001, and at the same time eliminating the local gaps caused by processing errors. When the heat-insulating unit 40 needs to be replaced, only the bolts in the corresponding area need to be removed, and the inner wall panel 30 can be partially separated to expose the rotating head 2006 for operation. After the maintenance is completed, the bolts are re-locked with a torque of 45-60 N·m to ensure the consistency of pressure distribution, improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency compared with the traditional integral inner wall and avoiding structural damage.

[0033] A construction method for a building heat-insulating wall includes the following steps: S1. Installation and positioning: Fix the outer wall panel 10 to the building main body through a steel structure frame, and spray a nano-composite reflective heat-insulating coating 1001 on its outer surface, controlling the coating thickness to be 80-120 μm; S2. Partition limit setting: Divide four independent areas inside the limit frame 2001 of the heat-insulating layer 20, and pre-install a set of limit components composed of a lead screw 2007, a slider 2009, a slide rail 2008 and a Y-shaped sliding frame 2010 in each area. The four sets of limit components are distributed in a matrix; S3. Limit mechanism adjustment: Rotate the lead screw 2007 in each area respectively, drive the corresponding slider 2009 to slide along the slide rail 2008, so that the four Y-shaped sliding frames 2010 are unfolded, and the distance between the limit rods 2011 in each area is expanded to the maximum installation position; S4. Unit independent installation: Embed the four heat-insulating units 40 into the four independent areas respectively. The limit groove 4002 of each heat-insulating unit 40 is aligned with the limit rod 2011 in the corresponding area, and a 5-10 mm interval is reserved between the heat-insulating units 40 and they are not directly connected; S5. Split locking: Rotate the lead screw 2007 in each area in the reverse direction one by one, so that the limit rod 2011 contracts towards the center and presses the limit groove 4002 of the heat-insulating unit 40, and lock it with a torque of 30-50 N·m to ensure that the four sets of heat-insulating units 40 are independently fixed; S6. Sealing treatment: Fill flexible closed-cell PE foam strips at the intervals of the insulation unit 40, and cover the surface with polyurethane sealant to form a continuous isolation layer; S7. Inner layer assembly: Connect the installation groove 3001 of the inner wall panel 30 and the insulation layer 20 with bolts; S8. Directed maintenance: When a single insulation unit 40 fails, only remove the connecting bolts of the inner wall panel 30 in the corresponding partition, adjust the rotating head 2006 in this area to drive the lead screw 2007 to release the limiting rod 2011, and then the target insulation unit 40 can be replaced separately.

[0034] Working principle: The building insulation wall structure consists of an outer wall panel 10, an insulation layer 20 and an inner wall panel 30 to form a composite thermal protection system. Among them, the outer surface of the outer wall panel 10 is covered with a nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating 1001. Utilizing its high solar reflectance (≥0.90) and self-cleaning characteristics, it reflects most of the solar radiation and reduces the accumulation of surface dirt, forming the first dynamic thermal barrier; the insulation layer 20 is the core functional layer, and its interior is divided into multiple independent chambers through the matrix layout of the limiting frame 2001. Each chamber integrates a mechanical limiting system composed of a limiting plate 2002, a lead screw 2007, a slide rail 2008, a slider 2009, a Y-shaped sliding frame 2010 and a limiting rod 2011: The lead screw 2007 horizontally penetrates the limiting plate 2002 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame 2001 through a bearing. One end of it extends to the outside of the insulation layer 20 and is fixed to the rotating head 2006, and the other end is meshed with the slider 2009 through a thread; the slider 2009 is nested in the slide rail (2008), and both ends of the slide rail 2008 are welded to the inner wall of the limiting frame 2001 to limit the linear movement path of the slider 2009; the bottom end of the Y-shaped sliding frame 2010 is slidably connected to the slider 2009 through a hinge, and the ends of the two branches at the top are vertically fixed with the limiting rod 2011 to form a symmetrical clamping structure.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A building thermal insulation wall structure, comprising a thermal insulation wall (1), characterized in that: The heat-insulating wall (1) includes a heat-insulating layer (20), and a heat-insulating unit (40) is arranged inside the heat-insulating layer (20); The heat-insulating layer (20) is used to limit the heat-insulating unit (40) so that the heat-insulating unit (40) can be quickly replaced. The heat-insulating layer (20) includes a limiting frame (2001). A limiting plate (2002) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting frame (2001). A lead screw (2007) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate (2002). A slider (2009) is threadedly connected to the surface of the lead screw (2007). A slide rail (2008) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slider (2009). The surface of the slide rail (2008) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-insulating layer (20). One end of the lead screw (2007) away from the mounting plate (2003) is rotatably connected to the limiting frame (2001). A sliding frame (2010) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting plate (2002). The sliding frame (2010) is Y-shaped. The bottom end of the sliding frame (2010) is slidably connected to the slider (2009). A limiting rod (2011) is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding frame (2010) away from the slider (2009). There are two limiting rods (2011), and the two limiting rods (2011) are respectively arranged at both ends of the top of the sliding frame (2010). A connecting rod (2004) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-insulating layer (20). The lead screw (2007) penetrates through the mounting plate (2003) and extends to the outside. A rotating head (2006) is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw (2007) away from the limiting frame (2001).

2. The building thermal insulation wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating unit (40) includes a housing (4001). A limiting groove (4002) is opened at the bottom end of the housing (4001). A closed-cell foamed polyurethane (4003) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (4001). A vacuum insulation panel (4004) is also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (4001).

3. A building thermal insulation wall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interior of the heat-insulating unit (40) is composed of alternating layers of closed-cell foamed polyurethane (4003) and vacuum insulation panel (4004). The inner wall of the limiting groove (4002) is slidably connected to the surface of the limiting rod (2011).

4. The building thermal insulation wall structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The closed-cell rate of the closed-cell foamed polyurethane (4003) is ≥95%, the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation panel (4004) is less than 0.008 W / (m·K), and the overall thermal conductivity is less than 0.022 W / (m·K) after the two are alternately stacked.

5. A building thermal insulation wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating wall (1) further includes an outer wall panel (10). A nano-composite reflective heat-insulating coating (1001) is covered on the surface of the outer wall panel (10). The surface of the outer wall panel (10) is fixedly connected to the heat-insulating layer (20).

6. The structure of a building thermal insulation wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar reflectance of the nano-composite reflective heat-insulating coating (1001) is ≥0.90, the hemispherical emissivity is ≥0.92, and it has a self-cleaning function.

7. A building thermal insulation wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation wall (1) further includes an inner wall panel (30). An installation groove (3001) is formed on the surface of the inner wall panel (30), and the installation groove (3001) can be fixedly connected to the connecting rod (2004) through bolts.

8. A construction method of a building thermal insulation wall, adopting a building thermal insulation wall structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Installation and positioning: Fix the outer wall panel (10) to the building main body through a steel structure frame, and spray a nano-composite reflective heat insulation coating (1001) on its outer surface, controlling the coating thickness to be 80 - 120 μm; S2. Partition limit setting: Divide four independent areas inside the limit frame (2001) of the thermal insulation layer (20). Inside each area, pre-install a set of limit components composed of a lead screw (2007), a slider (2009), a slide rail (2008), and a Y-shaped sliding frame (2010). The four sets of limit components are distributed in a matrix; S3. Limit mechanism adjustment: Rotate the lead screw (2007) in each area respectively, drive the corresponding slider (2009) to slide along the slide rail (2008), so that the four sets of Y-shaped sliding frames (2010) expand, and the distance between the limit rods (2011) in each area expands to the maximum installation position; S4. Unit independent installation: Insert the four thermal insulation units (40) into the four independent areas respectively. The limit grooves (4002) of each thermal insulation unit (40) are aligned with the limit rods (2011) in the corresponding area. A 5 - 10 mm gap is reserved between the thermal insulation units (40) and they are not directly connected; S5. Split locking: Rotate the lead screws (2007) in each area in the reverse direction one by one, so that the limit rods (2011) contract towards the center and press the limit grooves (4002) of the thermal insulation units (40), and apply a torque of 30 - 50 N·m to lock, ensuring that the four sets of thermal insulation units (40) are independently fixed; S6. Sealing treatment: Fill a flexible closed-cell PE foam strip at the intervals of the thermal insulation units (40), and cover the surface with a polyurethane sealant to form a continuous isolation layer; S7. Inner layer assembly: Connect the installation groove (3001) of the inner wall panel (30) to the thermal insulation layer (20) through bolts and the connecting rod (2004); S8. Directional maintenance: When a single thermal insulation unit (40) fails, only remove the connecting bolts of the inner wall panel (30) in the corresponding partition, adjust the rotating head (2006) in this area to drive the lead screw (2007) to release the limit rod (2011), and then the target thermal insulation unit (40) can be individually replaced.

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