Efficient combined dust suppression device and method for draw shaft ore unloading

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient combined dust suppression device and method for draw shaft ore unloading, and belongs to the technical field of mine tunnel dust suppression. The invention relates to an efficient combined dust suppression device for ore discharge of a draw shaft, which comprises a negative pressure suction and moisture absorption type dust removal device mounted on one side, close to a main draw shaft, of a draw shaft linkage lane, a spray dust suppression device mounted on one side, close to a main lane, of the draw shaft linkage lane, a split type water supply unit, a split type gas supply unit and an automatic control system, comprising a control box arranged in a main roadway, an infrared photoelectric sensor transmitting end, an infrared photoelectric sensor receiving end and a dust concentration sensor, and a PLC, a power module and a wireless communication module are integrated in the control box. The problems that in the prior art, dust falling equipment depends on manual operation, and the collaboration is insufficient are solved. According to the method, manual operation dependence is effectively eliminated, full-process automation is realized, multi-device dynamic collaboration is realized, and operation conflicts are inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway dust suppression, and particularly to an efficient combined dust suppression device and method for ore pass unloading. Background Art

[0002] During the ore pass unloading operation in a mine, when ore is dumped from a mine car into the ore pass at high speed, due to a large drop and strong impact force, a large amount of high-concentration dust will be generated. These dusts not only reduce visibility and exacerbate equipment wear, but also seriously threaten the respiratory health of miners and pose an explosion risk. Currently, the industry mainly relies on single dust suppression means such as wet spraying, mechanical suction or closed baffles, but there are significant defects in actual applications. The existing technologies rely on manual start and stop of equipment, and the ore car entry / exit and unloading actions cannot accurately trigger the dust suppression system, resulting in passive treatment after the dust has spread, and the dust suppression efficiency is reduced by more than 30%. Moreover, devices such as suction, spraying, and sealing often operate independently. The spray water mist is easily carried away by the suction device, and the suction negative pressure may damage the water mist dust suppression effect. The two interfere with each other and lack coordination. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient combined dust suppression device and method for ore pass unloading, eliminate the dependence on manual operation, achieve full-process automation, achieve dynamic coordination of multiple devices, suppress operation conflicts, and solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] An efficient combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading, comprising:

[0006] A negative pressure suction wet dust removal device, installed on one side of the ore pass connecting roadway close to the main ore pass, including a top baffle, a side suction hood, a dust removal air duct and a wet string vibration grid dust collector. The top baffle is arranged at the top of the ore pass connecting roadway, the side suction hood is connected to the top baffle, a polyurethane foam plastic flexible caulking material is filled between the top baffle and the roadway arch top, a strip-shaped dust curtain is suspended under the side suction hood, and the dust removal air duct is obliquely connected to the wet string vibration grid dust collector through an inclined support;

[0007] A spray dust suppression device, installed on one side of the ore pass connecting roadway close to the main roadway, including a split water supply unit and a gas supply unit. The water supply unit and the gas supply unit are respectively connected to atomizing nozzles arranged on the top and side walls of the ore pass connecting roadway through a water supply pipe and a gas supply pipe, and a drainage ditch with a cross-section of 600mm×500mm is arranged directly below the atomizing nozzles;

[0008] An automatic control system includes a control box, an infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter, an infrared photoelectric sensor receiver, and a dust concentration sensor disposed in the main roadway. The control box integrates a PLC controller, a power module, and a wireless communication module. The infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter and the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver are symmetrically installed on both side walls of the main roadway, and the arch-top dust concentration sensor is installed on the side wall of the chute connecting roadway. The PLC controller is signal-connected to the wet string vibration grid dust collector, the water supply unit, the air supply unit, the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter, the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver, and the dust concentration sensor through the wireless communication module.

[0009] Preferably, the installation position of the side suction hood is 1.5 - 2 m away from the ore discharge opening of the chute. The plane of the side suction hood mouth is perpendicular to the axis of the chute connecting roadway. The air velocity on the surface of the side suction hood is 1.2 - 1.5 m / s. The dust removal air duct is made of stainless steel pipe or fiberglass pipe with a diameter of Φ400 - 500 mm, and the inclination angle of the horizontal section is 5 - 8°.

[0010] Preferably, the dust-proof curtain is made of chloroprene rubber sheet with a thickness of 8 - 10 mm. The overlapping width of the dust-proof curtain sheets is 1 / 5 - 1 / 4 of the sheet width. A 20 mm × 20 mm lead counterweight strip is added at the bottom. The total height of the dust-proof curtain is 100 - 150 mm lower than the height difference between the arch top of the roadway and the top of the mining truck.

[0011] Preferably, the atomizing nozzle has a spray hole diameter of 1.5 - 2 mm. The axis of the atomizing nozzle forms an angle of 45 - 60° with the axis of the roadway. The adjacent spacing is 0.6 - 0.8 m. The compressed air interface and the water supply interface of the atomizing nozzle are arranged at a 90° angle. A spiral diversion groove with a depth of 0.5 - 0.8 mm is provided at the outlet of the spray hole.

[0012] Preferably, the inclined support is an L50×5 angle steel member. One end is welded to the edge of the flange of the dust removal air duct, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the chute connecting roadway through an embedded part. The support angle is 55 - 65°.

[0013] Preferably, the dust concentration sensor is installed at a position 8 - 10 m away from the ore discharge opening of the chute. The sensor probe is tilted downward at 45°, and the detection surface is 2.8 - 3.0 m away from the bottom surface.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter, the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver, and the chute connecting roadway is between 80 - 100 m.

[0015] An efficient combined dust suppression method for chute ore discharge is realized based on an efficient combined dust suppression device for chute ore discharge, and includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: When the ore truck enters the main roadway, the light between the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter and the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver is blocked, detecting the passage of the vehicle and immediately sending a signal to the PLC controller;

[0017] Step 2: After the PLC controller receives the signal that the ore car enters, it immediately starts the water supply unit and the air supply unit to provide water source and air pressure, so that the atomizing nozzles spray water mist to reduce dust during ore unloading. At the same time, the wet dust removal fan starts, and the dust is sucked into the wet string vibration grid dust collector through the side suction hood and the dust removal air duct for dust capture and purification;

[0018] Step 3: During ore unloading, the dust concentration sensor continuously monitors the dust content in the air of the chute connecting roadway. If the dust concentration is low, the wet string vibration grid dust collector, the water supply unit and the air supply unit operate at low power. If the dust concentration is high, they operate at high power to improve the dust suction efficiency and the water mist density;

[0019] Step 4: When the ore truck finishes unloading and leaves, it touches the infrared induction ray again, and the system stops running after 5 min to 10 min.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The present invention uses infrared optoelectronic sensors symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main roadway to detect the signals of ore truck entry and exit in real time, automatically trigger the start and stop of the dust suppression system, with a response time ≤ 1 s, avoiding the lag or omission caused by traditional manual operation. The system delays for 5 - 10 min to close after the ore truck leaves, continuously monitors the residual dust through the dust concentration sensor and completes purification, solving the problem of secondary dust diffusion caused by manual misjudgment of shutdown.

[0022] 2. The present invention integrates the spray, suction, and sealing devices through the PLC controller and operates in the order of first blocking and then purifying. When the ore truck enters, the spray and suction devices are started simultaneously, and the dust-proof curtain and the side suction hood form a physical closed area to block the overflow of dust. When the dust concentration is too high, the suction wind speed is automatically increased to 1.5 m / s and the spray density is increased by 30%, avoiding overload or insufficient efficiency of traditional single equipment.

[0023] 3. The present invention reduces manual intervention by more than 90% compared with the traditional dust suppression scheme, improves the dust suppression efficiency by 40% - 50%, reduces the water and electricity consumption by 35%, and the equipment conflict rate approaches zero, being applicable to the chute ore unloading scenario with high dust load. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is the control box module diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the first longitudinal view of the chute connecting roadway of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is the second longitudinal view of the chute connecting roadway of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Top baffle; 2. Flexible polyurethane foam caulking material; 3. Side suction hood; 4. Dust removal air duct; 5. Power supply module; 6. PLC controller; 7. Dust shielding curtain; 8. Control box; 9. Atomizing nozzle; 10. Air supply pipe; 11. Water supply pipe; 12. Inclined support; 13. Transmitting end of infrared optoelectronic sensor; 14. Drainage ditch; 15. Main ore pass; 16. Ore pass connecting roadway; 17. Main roadway; 18. Receiving end of infrared optoelectronic sensor; 19. Dust concentration sensor; 20. Wireless communication module; 21. Water supply unit; 22. Air supply unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In order to solve the problems of dust reduction equipment relying on manual operation and insufficient coordination in the prior art, please refer to Figures 1-4 , the following technical solutions are provided in this embodiment:

[0031] An efficient combined dust suppression device for ore unloading from an ore pass, comprising:

[0032] A negative pressure suction and wet dust removal device, installed on one side of the ore pass connecting roadway 16 close to the main ore pass 15, comprising a top baffle 1, a side suction hood 3, a dust removal air duct 4 and a wet string vibration grid dust collector. The top baffle 1 is arranged at the top of the ore pass connecting roadway 16, and the top baffle 1 is used to form a semi-closed suction space at the top of the ore pass connecting roadway 16;

[0033] The space between the top baffle 1 and the arch top of the ore pass connecting roadway 16 is filled with flexible polyurethane foam caulking material 2, which can adapt to the deformation of the top of the ore pass connecting roadway 16, prevent dust from escaping from the gap, improve the sealing performance, adapt to the vibration or deformation of the mine roadway, and reduce the maintenance frequency; through the combination of the top baffle 1 and the flexible polyurethane foam caulking material 2, a semi-closed negative pressure area is formed to ensure centralized dust suction;

[0034] The side suction hood 3 is connected to the top baffle 1. The installation position of the side suction hood 3 is 1.5 - 2 m away from the ore unloading port of the ore pass to avoid collision with the ore truck, and at the same time ensure that the dust is captured before it spreads. The plane of the hood opening of the side suction hood 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the ore pass connecting roadway 16 to maximize the coverage of the dust diffusion direction. The air velocity on the hood surface of the side suction hood 3 is 1.2 - 1.5 m / s to balance the suction efficiency and energy consumption and avoid secondary dust generation caused by too high air velocity;

[0035] The dust removal air duct 4 is made of Φ400 - 500mm stainless steel pipe or fiberglass pipe, which is corrosion-resistant and has an extended service life. The dust removal air duct 4 is obliquely connected to the wet string vibration grid dust collector through the inclined support 12. The inclined support 12 is an L50×5 angle steel member, with one end welded to the edge of the flange of the dust removal air duct 4 and the other end fixed to the side wall of the ore pass connecting roadway 16 through embedded parts. The support angle is 55 - 65°, and the horizontal section has an inclined angle of 5 - 8°. Gravity self-flow dust discharge is utilized to reduce dust accumulation and blockage.

[0036] A strip-shaped dust-proof curtain 7 is suspended below the side suction hood 3. The dust-proof curtain 7 is made of 8 - 10mm thick chloroprene rubber plate, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant and can adapt to the humid environment of the mine roadway. The overlapping width of the curtain pieces of the dust-proof curtain 7 is 1 / 5 - 1 / 4 of the piece width, and a 20mm×20mm lead counterweight strip is installed at the bottom to ensure that the curtain pieces are tightly closed, preventing dust from escaping through the gaps. The total height of the dust-proof curtain is 100 - 150mm lower than the height difference between the roadway arch and the top of the ore truck, avoiding collision with the ore truck. At the same time, it closes the dust diffusion path, physically blocks the dust diffusion, and reduces the subsequent dust removal load.

[0037] The spray dust suppression device is installed on one side of the ore pass connecting roadway 16 close to the main roadway 17, and includes a split water supply unit 21 and a gas supply unit 22. The water supply unit 21 and the gas supply unit 22 are respectively connected to the atomizing nozzles 9 arranged on the top and side walls of the ore pass connecting roadway 16 through the water supply pipe 11 and the gas supply pipe 10. The aperture of the spray holes of the atomizing nozzles 9 is 1.5 - 2mm, enhancing the atomization effect to form micron-level water mist and increasing the contact area with dust; the axis of the atomizing nozzles 9 forms an angle of 45 - 60° with the roadway axis, covering the main diffusion direction of the ore unloading dust. The adjacent spacing is 0.6 - 0.8m. The compressed air interface and the water supply interface of the atomizing nozzles 9 are arranged at a 90° angle, and a spiral diversion groove with a depth of 0.5 - 0.8mm is provided at the outlet of the spray holes to optimize the gas-water mixing and improve the atomization uniformity.

[0038] A drainage ditch 14 with a cross-section of 600mm×500mm is arranged directly below the atomizing nozzles 9 to quickly drain the spray water accumulation, ensure the safety of the working environment, prevent the ground from becoming slippery due to water mist deposition, and avoid the influence of roadway water accumulation on the passage of ore trucks.

[0039] The automatic control system includes a control box 8, an infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter 13, an infrared photoelectric sensor receiver 18, and a dust concentration sensor 19 arranged in the main roadway 17.

[0040] The control box 8 integrates a PLC controller 6, a power module 5 and a wireless communication module 20, and is installed in the main roadway 17. The infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter 13 and the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver 18 are symmetrically installed on both side walls of the main roadway 17. The distance between the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter 13 and the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver 18 and the ore pass crossheading 16 is between 80 - 100 m, which can sense the entry of the ore car in advance, reserve time for the system to start, and achieve automatic response to reduce manual intervention;

[0041] The dust concentration sensor 19 is installed on the side wall of the ore pass crossheading 16, at a position 8 - 10 m away from the ore pass unloading port, avoiding the high-concentration area of the unloading port. It detects the dust concentration after diffusion. The sensor probe is tilted downward at 45°, preventing dust from directly attaching and prolonging the service life of the sensor. The detection surface is 2.8 - 3.0 m away from the bottom surface.

[0042] The PLC controller 6 is signal-connected to the wet string vibration grid dust collector, the water supply unit 21, the air supply unit 22, the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter 13, the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver 18 and the dust concentration sensor 19 through the wireless communication module 20.

[0043] An efficient combined dust suppression method for ore pass unloading, which is realized based on an efficient combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading, includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: When the ore car enters the main roadway 17, the light between the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter 13 and the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver 18 is blocked, detecting the passage of the vehicle and immediately sending a signal to the PLC controller 6;

[0045] Step 2: After receiving the signal of the ore car entering, the PLC controller 6 immediately starts the water supply unit 21 and the air supply unit 22 to provide water source and air pressure, so that the atomizing nozzles 9 spray water mist to reduce dust during unloading. At the same time, the wet dust removal fan starts, and the dust is sucked into the wet string vibration grid dust collector through the side suction hood 3 and the dust removal air duct 4 for dust capture and purification;

[0046] Step 3: During unloading, the dust concentration sensor 19 continuously monitors the dust content in the air of the ore pass crossheading 16. If the dust concentration is low, the wet string vibration grid dust collector, the water supply unit 21 and the air supply unit 22 operate at low power. If the dust concentration is high, they operate at high power to improve the dust suction efficiency and the water mist density, and adjust the power of the dust suppression equipment according to the actual situation, effectively saving water and electricity resources and reducing production costs;

[0047] Among them, the dust concentration threshold is between 2 - 5 mg / m³, and the setting of the dust concentration threshold needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the specific mine type, dust properties and national occupational health standards;

[0048] Step 4: When the mining truck finishes unloading ore and leaves, it contacts the infrared induction ray again. The system stops running after 5 to 10 minutes to ensure thorough purification, guarantee the sustainability of the dust suppression effect, and avoid secondary dust diffusion.

[0049] Working principle: When the ore truck enters the main lane 17, the light between the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitter 13 and the infrared photoelectric sensor receiver 18 is blocked, detecting the passing of the vehicle and immediately sending a signal to the PLC controller 6. After receiving the signal that the ore truck has entered, the PLC controller 6 immediately starts the water supply unit 21 and the air supply unit 22 to provide water source and air pressure, so that the atomizing nozzle 9 sprays water mist for dust suppression during ore unloading. At the same time, the wet dust removal fan starts to suck the dust through the side suction hood 3 and the dust removal air duct 4 into the wet string vibration grid dust collector for dust capture and purification. During ore unloading, the dust concentration sensor 19 continuously monitors the dust content in the air of the chute connecting lane 16. If the dust concentration is low, the wet string vibration grid dust collector, the water supply unit 21 and the air supply unit 22 operate at low power. If the dust concentration is high, they operate at high power to improve the dust suction efficiency and water mist density. When the mining truck finishes unloading ore and leaves, it contacts the infrared induction ray again. The system stops running after 5 to 10 minutes.

[0050] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0051] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading, characterized in that: Including: A negative pressure suction and wet dust removal device, installed on one side of the connecting roadway (16) of the ore pass near the main ore pass (15), including a top baffle (1), a side suction hood (3), a dust removal air duct (4) and a wet string vibration grid dust collector. The top baffle (1) is arranged at the top of the connecting roadway (16) of the ore pass. The side suction hood (3) is connected to the top baffle (1). Polyurethane foam flexible caulking material (2) is filled between the top baffle (1) and the vault of the connecting roadway (16) of the ore pass. A strip-shaped dust curtain (7) is suspended below the side suction hood (3). The dust removal air duct (4) is obliquely connected to the wet string vibration grid dust collector through an inclined support (12); A spray dust suppression device, installed on one side of the connecting roadway (16) of the ore pass near the main roadway (17), including a split water supply unit (21) and an air supply unit (22). The water supply unit (21) and the air supply unit (22) are respectively connected to atomizing nozzles (9) arranged on the top and side walls of the connecting roadway (16) of the ore pass through a water supply pipe (11) and an air supply pipe (10). A drainage ditch (14) with a cross-section of 600mm×500mm is arranged directly below the atomizing nozzle (9); An automatic control system, including a control box (8), an infrared photoelectric sensor transmitting end (13), an infrared photoelectric sensor receiving end (18) and a dust concentration sensor (19) arranged in the main roadway (17). A PLC controller (6), a power supply module (5) and a wireless communication module (20) are integrated in the control box (8). The infrared photoelectric sensor transmitting end (13) and the infrared photoelectric sensor receiving end (18) are symmetrically installed on both side walls of the main roadway (17). The vault dust concentration sensor (19) is installed on the side wall of the connecting roadway (16) of the ore pass. The PLC controller (6) is signal-connected to the wet string vibration grid dust collector, the water supply unit (21), the air supply unit (22), the infrared photoelectric sensor transmitting end (13), the infrared photoelectric sensor receiving end (18) and the dust concentration sensor (19) through the wireless communication module (20).

2. The high-efficiency combined dust suppression device for chute unloading according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The installation position of the side suction hood (3) is 1.5 - 2 m away from the ore discharge opening of the ore pass. The plane of the hood opening of the side suction hood (3) is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting roadway (16) of the ore pass. The air velocity on the hood surface of the side suction hood (3) is 1.2 - 1.5 m / s. The dust removal air duct (4) is made of a stainless steel pipe or a fiberglass pipe with a diameter of Φ400 - 500 mm, and the inclination angle of the horizontal section is 5 - 8°.

3. The efficient combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust curtain (7) is made of a chloroprene rubber plate with a thickness of 8 - 10 mm. The overlapping width of the curtain sheets of the dust curtain (7) is 1 / 5 - 1 / 4 of the sheet width. A 20mm×20mm lead counterweight strip is added at the bottom. The total height of the dust curtain is 100 - 150 mm lower than the height difference between the vault of the roadway and the top of the ore truck.

4. The high-efficiency combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aperture of the spray hole of the atomizing nozzle (9) is 1.5 - 2 mm. The axis of the atomizing nozzle (9) forms an angle of 45 - 60° with the axis of the roadway. The adjacent spacing is 0.6 - 0.8 m. The compressed air interface and the water supply interface of the atomizing nozzle (9) are arranged at an angle of 90°. A spiral diversion groove with a depth of 0.5 - 0.8 mm is provided at the outlet of the spray hole.

5. The highly efficient combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclined support (12) is an L50×5 angle steel member, one end of which is welded to the edge of the flange of the dust removal air duct (4), and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the winze connecting roadway (16) through a pre-embedded part, and the support angle is 55-65°.

6. The efficient combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dust concentration sensor (19) is installed at a position 8-10 m away from the ore discharge opening of the winze, the sensor probe is inclined downward at 45°, and the detection surface is 2.8-3.0 m away from the bottom surface.

7. The high-efficiency combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the transmitting end (13) of the infrared optoelectronic sensor and the receiving end (18) of the infrared optoelectronic sensor and the winze connecting roadway (16) is between 80-100 m.

8. An efficient combined dust suppression method for ore pass unloading, which is realized based on the efficient combined dust suppression device for ore pass unloading according to any one of claims 1-7, and is characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: When the ore truck enters the main roadway (17), the light between the transmitting end (13) of the infrared optoelectronic sensor and the receiving end (18) of the infrared optoelectronic sensor is blocked, detecting that the vehicle has passed and immediately sending a signal to the PLC controller (6); Step 2: After receiving the signal that the ore truck has entered, the PLC controller (6) immediately starts the water supply unit (21) and the air supply unit (22) to provide water source and air pressure to make the atomizing nozzles (9) spray water mist for dust reduction during ore unloading. At the same time, the wet dust removal fan is started to suck the dust through the side suction hood (3) and the dust removal air duct (4) into the wet string vibration grid dust collector for dust capture and purification; Step 3: During ore unloading, the dust concentration sensor (19) continuously monitors the dust content in the air of the winze connecting roadway (16). If the dust concentration is low, the wet string vibration grid dust collector, the water supply unit (21) and the air supply unit (22) operate at low power. If the dust concentration is high, they operate at high power to improve the dust suction efficiency and the water mist density; Step 4: When the ore truck finishes unloading and leaves, it touches the infrared induction ray again, and the system stops running after 5 min to 10 min.

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