Underground excavation engineering connection survey method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground construction, in particular to an underground excavation engineering connection survey method. The method comprises the steps that S1, forced centering discs are welded to three different corner positions of a wellhead; and S2, three steel plates opposite to the upper support in position are welded underground. And S3, the upper support and the lower support are leveled, the laser transmitter is started, and a laser beam penetrates through the laser hole to be vertically and downwards transmitted. And S4, the position of the lower support is adjusted, so that the laser receiver captures the laser signal emitted by the laser emitter. And S5, mounting a lower reflecting prism at the top of the lower support. And S6, measuring angles and distances between the known control point and the three upper reflecting prisms on the ground by using a total station. And S7, measuring angles and distances between the control point to be measured and the three lower reflecting prisms underground by using a total station. And S8, completing contact measurement. Airflow disturbance and construction vibration interference in a shaft are effectively restrained, and the measurement stability is improved compared with a traditional steel wire plumbing method; and rapid establishment and reutilization of ground and underground measurement references are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground construction, and specifically to a method for connecting survey in underground excavation engineering. Background Art

[0002] In the field of underground excavation engineering construction, connecting survey, as a key technical link connecting the ground and underground projects, its accuracy and reliability directly affect the overall construction quality of the project. With the continuous expansion of the scale of urban underground space development in China, the construction demands of underground projects such as subways and utility tunnels continue to grow, posing higher requirements for connecting survey technology. Traditional survey methods such as wire dropping method and plumb bob dropping method have obvious limitations in practical applications, being greatly affected by factors such as shaft air flow disturbance and construction vibration, and it is difficult to guarantee the survey accuracy.

[0003] In the prior art, although various improved survey methods have been developed, many challenges still exist in complex underground construction environments. The conventional optical dropping method is limited by the light conditions in the shaft, with low survey efficiency; precision instruments such as gyroscopic orientation devices have problems such as heavy equipment and complex operation. Especially in deep and large shaft projects, traditional methods often require multiple repeated surveys to meet the accuracy requirements, not only prolonging the construction period but also increasing the project cost. In addition, the installation methods of existing survey devices often cause interference to normal construction, and there are also difficulties in equipment layout in narrow spaces. These technical bottlenecks restrict the improvement of the efficiency and quality control of underground project construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above problems, thereby providing a method for connecting survey in underground excavation engineering with improved efficiency and accuracy.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: A method for connecting survey in underground excavation engineering, comprising the following steps: S1: At three different corner positions on the wellbore steel bar skeletons at the wellhead, forced centering plates are respectively welded. An upper support is connected to the forced centering plate. The upper support is adjustable in level and a laser emitter is installed inside. A laser hole coaxial with the laser emitter is opened at the bottom of the upper support. The laser emitter can emit a frequency-modulated modulated laser beam. An upper reflection prism is installed on the top of the upper support.

[0006] S2: Three steel plates opposite to the positions of the upper supports are welded on the wellbore steel bar skeletons underground. A lower support with a movable position is arranged on the steel plates. The lower support is adjustable in level and a laser receiver is installed on the top.

[0007] S3: Level the upper support and the lower support and turn on the laser emitter to make the laser beam vertically emitted downward through the laser hole.

[0008] S4: Adjust the position of the lower support so that the laser receiver can capture the laser signal emitted by the laser transmitter.

[0009] S5: After completing the laser alignment, install the lower reflecting prism on the top of the lower support.

[0010] S6: Use the total station to measure the angles and distances between the known control points on the ground and the three upper reflecting prisms.

[0011] S7: Use the total station to measure the angles and distances between the control points to be measured underground and the three lower reflecting prisms.

[0012] S8: Transmit the measurement data to the data processing terminal, calculate the coordinates of the underground control points through the connecting triangle method, and complete the connecting measurement.

[0013] The present invention adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, its prominent features are: Adopting a three-point laser alignment system, through the transmission of coded laser beams modulated by a specific frequency, combined with a rigidly connected support structure, effectively suppresses the air flow disturbance and construction vibration interference in the shaft, improving the measurement stability compared with the traditional steel wire dropping method; realizes the rapid establishment and repeated utilization of the measurement reference on the ground and underground, avoiding the problem of re-laying the reference points every time in the traditional method; the measuring device adopts a wall-mounted installation structure, and through optimizing the spatial layout of the support, realizes the parallel implementation of the measurement operation and the construction process.

[0014] As a preference, a further technical solution of the present invention is: Further, the upper support includes an upper base and an upper top seat connected by foot screws. The laser transmitter is located inside the upper top seat, and the laser hole is opened at the bottom of the upper base and the upper top seat. Through the split base design and the leveling mechanism, the precise adjustment of the support installation plane is realized, solving the problem that the traditional integral support is difficult to adapt to the irregular shaft wall. The upper top seat provides a stable laser emission platform, the upper base ensures reliable connection with the shaft wall, and the leveling mechanism between the two enables the laser beam to maintain a vertical projection direction.

[0015] Further, the lower support includes a lower base and a lower top seat connected by foot screws. The laser receiver is located inside the lower top seat. The modular design facilitates the installation and debugging in the narrow underground space. The separable base structure simplifies the position fine-tuning operation. The lower top seat provides a stable reference surface for the receiver, the lower base realizes the adjustable connection with the steel plate, and the foot screws can be leveled to ensure the precise alignment of the receiving surface and the laser beam.

[0016] Furthermore, an adjustment hole is provided at the center of the steel plate, and bolt holes are provided on the bottom surface of the lower base. A U-shaped buckle is rotatably connected below the steel plate and at the bottom of the adjustment hole. An adjustment bolt connected to the bolt hole penetrates through the buckle, and the head of the adjustment bolt is stuck at the bottom of the buckle. The adjustment hole provides a horizontal movement space, and the U-shaped buckle forms a rotating pair. Cooperating with the adjustment bolt, it realizes fine adjustment and reliable locking of the support position. The innovative sliding locking mechanism realizes two-dimensional plane fine adjustment of the lower support position, which is more convenient for precise centering operation in the limited underground space compared with the traditional welding and fixing method.

[0017] Furthermore, an indicator light connected to the laser receiver is provided on one side of the lower support, which can display the laser signal reception status in real time, assist the operator to judge the centering accuracy, and reduce the dependence on electronic monitoring equipment.

[0018] Furthermore, circular spirit levels are provided on the tops of both the upper support and the lower support, providing an intuitive horizontal reference, ensuring the initial installation accuracy of the laser emission / reception system, and creating conditions for subsequent precise centering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic construction diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper support and the upper reflecting prism of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the upper support and the upper reflecting prism of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower support and the lower reflecting prism of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the lower support and the lower reflecting prism of an embodiment of the present invention; The labels in the figure are: upper support 1, upper base 101, upper top seat 102, laser hole 103, laser emitter 2, upper reflecting prism 3, buckle 4, adjustment bolt 401, lower support 5, lower base 501, lower top seat 502, laser receiver 6, lower reflecting prism 7, total station 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. The purpose is only to better understand the content of the present invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] A method for underground tunneling engineering connection survey includes the following steps: S1: At three different corner positions of the wellbore reinforcement cage at the wellhead, forced centering plates are respectively welded. An upper support 1 is connected to the forced centering plate. The three upper supports 1 are non - collinearly distributed. The upper support 1 can be leveled and a laser emitter 2 is installed inside. A laser hole 103 coaxial with the laser emitter 2 is opened at the bottom of the upper support 1. The laser emitter 2 can emit a frequency - modulated laser beam. The modulated laser signal is processed by band - pass filtering to suppress ambient light interference. An upper reflecting prism 3 is installed on the top of the upper support 1.

[0022] S2: At the wellbore reinforcement cage underground, three steel plates opposite to the positions of the upper supports 1 are welded. A lower support 5 with a movable position is arranged on the steel plate. The lower support 5 is leveled and a laser receiver 6 is installed on the top.

[0023] S3: Level the upper support 1 and the lower support 5 and turn on the laser emitter 2 to make the laser beam vertically downward through the laser hole 103.

[0024] S4: Adjust the position of the lower support 5 to make the laser receiver 6 capture the laser signal emitted by the laser emitter 2.

[0025] S5: After completing the laser centering, install a lower reflecting prism 7 on the top of the lower support 5. The base of the lower reflecting prism 7 is provided with internal threads, and the top of the laser receiver 6 is provided with external threads for mating use.

[0026] S6: Use a total station 8 to measure the angles and distances between the known control points on the wellhead and the three upper reflecting prisms 3.

[0027] S7: Use a total station 8 to measure the angles and distances between the control points to be measured underground and the three lower reflecting prisms 7.

[0028] S8: Transmit the measurement data to the data processing terminal, and calculate the coordinates of the underground control points by the connecting triangle method to complete the connecting survey.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper support 1 includes an upper base 101 and an upper top seat 102 connected by foot screws. The laser emitter 2 is located inside the upper top seat 102, and the laser hole 103 is opened at the bottoms of the upper base 101 and the upper top seat 102. Through the cooperation of the split - type base and the leveling mechanism, the precise adjustment of the support installation plane is realized, solving the problem that the traditional integral support is difficult to adapt to the irregular wellbore. The upper top seat 102 provides a stable laser - emitting platform, and the upper base 101 ensures reliable connection with the wellbore. The leveling mechanism between the two enables the laser beam to maintain a vertical projection direction.

[0030] Furthermore, the lower support 5 includes a lower base 501 and a lower top seat 502 connected by foot screws. The laser receiver 6 is located inside the lower top seat 502. The modular design facilitates the installation and commissioning in the narrow underground space. The separable base structure simplifies the position fine-tuning operation. The lower top seat 502 provides a stable reference plane for the receiver. The lower base 501 realizes the adjustable connection with the steel plate. The foot screws can be leveled to ensure the precise alignment of the receiving surface with the laser beam.

[0031] Furthermore, an adjustment hole is provided at the center of the steel plate. Bolt holes are provided on the bottom surface of the lower base 501. A U-shaped buckle 4 is rotatably connected below the steel plate and at the bottom of the adjustment hole. An adjustment bolt 401 connected to the bolt hole penetrates through the buckle 4. The head of the adjustment bolt 401 is stuck at the bottom of the buckle 4. The adjustment hole provides a horizontal movement space. The U-shaped buckle 4 forms a rotating pair. Cooperating with the adjustment bolt 401, it realizes the fine adjustment and reliable locking of the support position. The innovative sliding locking mechanism realizes the two-dimensional plane fine adjustment of the position of the lower support 5, which is more convenient for the precise centering operation in the limited underground space compared with the traditional welding and fixing method.

[0032] Furthermore, an indicator light connected to the laser receiver 6 is provided on one side of the lower support 5. When the indicator light continuously shows a stable reception state for a predetermined time, it is determined that the centering is completed. The laser signal reception state is displayed in real time to assist the operator in judging the centering accuracy and reducing the dependence on electronic monitoring equipment.

[0033] Furthermore, circular spirit levels are provided on the tops of both the upper support 1 and the lower support 5 to provide an intuitive horizontal reference and ensure the initial installation accuracy of the laser emission / reception system, creating conditions for subsequent precise centering.

[0034] The three-point laser centering system is adopted. Through the transmission of encoded laser beams with specific frequency modulation and in cooperation with the rigidly connected support structure, it effectively suppresses the airflow disturbance and construction vibration interference in the shaft. Compared with the traditional wire dropping method, it improves the measurement stability; it realizes the rapid establishment and repeated utilization of the measurement reference on the ground and underground, avoiding the problem of re-laying the reference points every time in the traditional method; the measuring device adopts a wall-mounted installation structure. By optimizing the spatial layout of the support, the measurement operation and the construction process are implemented in parallel.

[0035] The above are only the preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the rights of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent changes made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention are included in the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for connecting survey in underground excavation engineering, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Forcible centering plates are respectively welded on the wellbore steel bar skeletons at three different corner positions of the wellhead. An upper support is connected to the forcible centering plate. The upper support is adjustable in level and a laser emitter is installed inside. A laser hole coaxial with the laser emitter is opened at the bottom of the upper support. The laser emitter can emit a frequency-modulated laser beam. An upper reflection prism is installed on the top of the upper support; S2: Three steel plates opposite to the positions of the upper supports are welded on the wellbore steel bar skeleton underground. A lower support with a movable position is arranged on the steel plate. The lower support is adjustable in level and a laser receiver is installed on the top; S3: Level the upper support and the lower support and turn on the laser emitter to make the laser beam vertically downward through the laser hole; S4: Adjust the position of the lower support to make the laser receiver capture the laser signal emitted by the laser emitter; S5: After completing the laser centering, install a lower reflection prism on the top of the lower support; S6: Use a total station to measure the angles and distances between the known control points on the wellhead and the three upper reflection prisms; S7: Use a total station to measure the angles and distances between the control points to be measured underground and the three lower reflection prisms; S8: Transmit the measurement data to the data processing terminal, calculate the underground control point coordinates by the connecting triangle method, and complete the connecting measurement.

2. The underground excavation engineering connection survey method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support includes an upper base and an upper top seat connected by foot screws. The laser emitter is located inside the upper top seat, and the laser hole is opened at the bottoms of the upper base and the upper top seat.

3. The underground excavation engineering connection surveying method according to claim 1, wherein: The lower support includes a lower base and a lower top seat connected by foot screws. The laser receiver is located inside the lower top seat.

4. The underground excavation engineering connection surveying method according to claim 3, wherein: An adjustment hole is opened at the center of the steel plate. Bolt holes are provided on the bottom surface of the lower base. A U-shaped buckle is rotatably connected below the steel plate and at the bottom of the adjustment hole. An adjustment bolt connected to the bolt hole penetrates through the buckle, and the head of the adjustment bolt is stuck at the bottom of the buckle.

5. The underground excavation engineering connection surveying method according to claim 1, wherein: An indicator light connected to the laser receiver is provided on one side of the lower support.

6. The underground excavation engineering connection surveying method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Round level bubbles are provided on the tops of both the upper support and the lower support.

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