Pineapple stalk cutting force testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device which comprises a main rack, a cutting mechanism, a first electric push rod and a pineapple fixing device. The cutting mechanism comprises a rotating frame; the front end of the rotating frame is hinged to the main frame. The fixed end and the movable end of the first electric push rod are hinged to the main frame and the rotating frame correspondingly. The cutting mechanism further comprises a second electric push rod, a cutting force testing device and a cutting device. The second electric push rod is fixed on the rotating frame; the cutting force testing device comprises a first connecting plate fixed to the moving end of the second electric push rod, a pressure sensor fixed to the first connecting plate, and a second connecting plate arranged in front of the first connecting plate and matched with the pressure sensor. The cutting device is fixed at the front end of the second connecting plate; the pineapple fixing device comprises a pineapple fruit fixing device and a pineapple stem clamping device which are installed on the front side of the main machine frame. According to the invention, the cutting force generated by cutting the pineapple stalks at different angles and different speeds can be measured, and a reference is provided for the design of the pineapple harvester.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pineapple stalk cutting, and particularly to a device for testing the cutting force of pineapple stalks. Background Art

[0002] As one of the tropical fruits, pineapple is widely planted in nearly 70 countries and regions due to its unique taste and nutritional value, accounting for about 5% of the world's annual fruit production.

[0003] Although with the rapid development of science and technology, agricultural machinery has been popularized in the planting operations of various fruits and crops, the current method of pineapple harvesting is still mainly manual. Fruit farmers cut each pineapple one by one with a knife, pick the ripe pineapple fruits, and put them into the baskets carried with them or transport them to designated locations. The reasons are as follows. First, pineapples are mainly planted in mountainous and hilly areas with complex terrain and rough roads, which are not convenient for using agricultural machinery. Moreover, compared with flat land, it takes more working hours and the operation is more dangerous. Second, since pineapples are perennial fruits, it is necessary to protect their plants during harvesting to avoid affecting their growth in the next year. Therefore, large-scale mechanized harvesting cannot be carried out at one time, and only batch harvesting is possible. Third, the mother plants of pineapples are relatively vigorous. When pineapples are ripe, their mother plants are crisscrossed and basically completely cover the middle walkable roads, making large agricultural machinery useless. The seasonal nature of pineapple harvesting is relatively strong, and there is only a peak harvesting period of about half a month.

[0004] At present, except for a few orchards equipped with semi-mechanized auxiliary devices, the harvesting of pineapples is mainly manual; the labor required for the entire harvesting operation in the short term accounts for 40% of the entire pineapple production cost. In the case of an increasingly scarce labor force, pineapple farmers hope to change the current situation through mechanized management. Therefore, researching and developing pineapple harvesting machinery and equipment is of great significance for alleviating the labor shortage, stabilizing the quality of harvesting operations, reducing labor intensity, and improving the harvesting production efficiency and pineapple harvesting and conveying efficiency, and it is the future development trend.

[0005] Although more and more people are engaged in the research of pineapple harvesting machinery and many pineapple harvesting machinery solutions have been proposed, there are still deficiencies in the research of pineapple harvesting machinery. In order to deeply solve the deficiencies of pineapple harvesting machinery, it is necessary to test the cutting mechanics of pineapple stalks, measure the cutting force of the reciprocating cutting blade and the cutting force of the blade during rotary cutting when cutting the pineapple stalks at different angles and speeds through a device for testing the cutting force of pineapple stalks, and provide data reference for the research of pineapple harvesters. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device, which can measure the cutting force generated by cutting pineapple stalks at different angles and different speeds, providing a reference for the design of pineapple harvesters.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device, including a main frame, a cutting mechanism, a first electric push rod, and a pineapple fixing device; the cutting mechanism includes a rotating frame; the front end of the rotating frame is hinged to the main frame, and the fixed end and the moving end of the first electric push rod are respectively hinged to the main frame and the rotating frame; the cutting mechanism further includes a second electric push rod, a cutting force testing device, and a cutting device; the second electric push rod is fixed on the rotating frame; the cutting force testing device includes a first connecting plate fixed to the front side of the moving end of the second electric push rod, a pressure sensor fixed to the first connecting plate, and a second connecting plate arranged in front of the first connecting plate and cooperating with the sensing end of the pressure sensor; the cutting device is fixed to the front end of the second connecting plate; the pineapple fixing device includes a pineapple fruit fixing device and a pineapple stalk clamping device installed on the front side of the main frame; the first electric push rod is used to drive the rotating frame to flip around the hinge point, thereby adjusting the angle at which the cutting device cuts the pineapple stalk fixed by the pineapple fixing device.

[0008] Further, a guide rod and guide sleeve assembly is also arranged between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate.

[0009] Further, the pineapple fruit fixing device includes a support frame fixed to the top side of the front end of the main frame, a fixing plate fixed to the rear side of the support frame, and an elastic rope for fixing the pineapple fruit to the fixing plate.

[0010] Further, the pineapple stalk clamping device includes a fixing frame fixed to the front side of the main frame and at least one jaw mechanism; the jaw mechanism is installed on the front side of the fixing frame through a slide rail and slider assembly; the jaw mechanism has the freedom to move up and down along the fixing frame and is used to clamp the pineapple stalk at the required position.

[0011] Further, the jaw mechanism includes a mounting frame, a first jaw disposed on the left side of the mounting frame, and a second jaw disposed on the right side of the mounting frame; a first guide rod is fixed to the left side of the first jaw; the left end of the first guide rod passes through the mounting frame, so that the first jaw has the freedom to move left and right; a first spring is sleeved on the first guide rod in the area between the first jaw and the mounting frame; a second guide rod is fixed to the right side of the second jaw; the right end of the second guide rod passes through the mounting frame, so that the second jaw has the freedom to move left and right; a second spring is sleeved on the second guide rod in the area between the second jaw and the mounting frame; the right end of the second guide rod passes through the mounting frame and is hinged with a connecting rod; the jaw mechanism further includes a handle; the rear end of the handle is hinged with the mounting frame, and the area of the handle near the front of the middle is hinged with the connecting rod; the handle is used to drive the second jaw to move to the right, so that the second jaw and the first jaw cooperate to loosen the pineapple stalk; the first spring and the second spring cooperate to provide a force for clamping the pineapple stalk when the handle is released.

[0012] Further, a lower limit block is also fixed below the slide rail slider assembly at the lowest jaw mechanism.

[0013] Further, the cutting device is a rotary cutting device; the rotary cutting device includes a motor fixing frame installed on the front side of the second connecting plate, a rotary cutting motor fixed to the motor fixing frame, a blade connecting rod connected to the rotary end of the rotary cutting motor, and a rotary cutting blade fixed to the blade connecting rod.

[0014] Further, a torque sensor is also installed on the blade connecting rod for collecting the torque M of the rotary cutting blade during the cutting process. 扭 ; By dividing the torque M 扭 by the radius r of the rotary cutting blade 刀片 , the tangential force F received by the rotary cutting blade during the cutting process is calculated. 切 ; The normal force F of the rotary cutting blade during the cutting process is collected by a pressure sensor. 法 ; By the tangential force F 切 and the normal force F 法 , calculate according to the following formula: F 切割力 is the cutting force of the rotary cutting blade.

[0015] Further, the cutting device is an impact cutting device; the impact cutting device includes an impact knife rest installed on the front side of the second connecting plate and an impact cutting blade fixed to the impact knife rest; the force of the impact cutting blade during the cutting process is collected by a pressure sensor, which is the cutting force of the impact cutting blade.

[0016] Advantages of the present invention: A pineapple stalk cutting force testing device of the present invention can measure the cutting force generated by cutting pineapple stalks at different angles and different speeds, providing a reference for the design of pineapple harvesters. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device for Example 1;

[0018] Figure 2 Left view schematic diagram of a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device for Example 1;

[0019] Figure 3 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism of a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device for Example 1;

[0020] Figure 4 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the pineapple stalk clamping device of a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device for Example 1;

[0021] Figure 5 Top view schematic diagram of the jaw mechanism of a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device for Example 1;

[0022] Figure 6 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the cutting state of a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device for Example 1;

[0023] Figure 7 Stereoscopic schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism of a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device for Example 2;

[0024] Wherein, 1 - main frame, 2 - cutting mechanism, 3 - first electric push rod, 4 - pineapple fixing device, 21 - rotating frame, 22 - second electric push rod, 23 - cutting force testing device, 24 - rotary cutting device, 25 - impact cutting device, 231 - first connecting plate, 232 - pressure sensor, 233 - second connecting plate, 234 - guide rod and guide sleeve assembly, 241 - motor fixing frame, 242 - rotary cutting motor, 243 - blade connecting rod, 244 - rotary cutting blade, 251 - impact tool holder, 252 - impact cutting blade, 41 - pineapple fruit fixing device, 42 - pineapple stalk clamping device, 411 - support frame, 412 - fixing plate, 413 - elastic rope, 421 - fixing frame, 422 - jaw mechanism, 423 - slide rail and slider assembly, 424 - lower limit block, 4221 - mounting frame, 4222 - first jaw, 4223 - second jaw, 4224 - first guide rod, 4225 - first spring, 4226 - second guide rod, 4227 - second spring, 4228 - handle, 4229 - connecting rod. Detailed Embodiments

[0025] To deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device, which includes a main frame 1, a cutting mechanism 2, a first electric push rod 3 and a pineapple fixing device 4; the cutting mechanism 2 includes a rotating frame 21; the front end of the rotating frame 21 is hinged to the main frame 1, and the fixed end and the moving end of the first electric push rod 3 are respectively hinged to the main frame 1 and the rotating frame 21; the cutting mechanism 2 further includes a second electric push rod 22, a cutting force testing device 23 and a cutting device; the second electric push rod 22 is fixed on the rotating frame 21; the cutting force testing device 23 includes a first connecting plate 231 fixed on the front side of the moving end of the second electric push rod 22, a pressure sensor 232 fixed on the first connecting plate 232, and a second connecting plate 233 arranged in front of the first connecting plate 232 and cooperating with the sensing end of the pressure sensor 23; the cutting device is fixed on the front end of the second connecting plate 233; the pineapple fixing device 4 includes a pineapple fruit fixing device 41 and a pineapple stalk clamping device 42 installed on the front side of the main frame 1; the first electric push rod 3 is used to drive the rotating frame 21 to flip around the hinge point, so as to adjust the angle at which the cutting device cuts the pineapple stalk fixed by the pineapple fixing device 4.

[0028] Refer to again Figure 2 As shown, the pineapple fruit fixing device 41 includes a support frame 411 fixed on the top side of the front end of the main frame 1, a fixing plate 412 fixed on the rear side of the support frame 411, and an elastic rope 413 for fixing the pineapple fruit to the fixing plate 412.

[0029] Refer to again Figure 2 As shown, the pineapple stalk clamping device 42 includes a fixing frame 421 fixed on the front side of the main frame 1 and at least one jaw mechanism 422; the jaw mechanism 422 is installed on the front side of the fixing frame 421 through a slide rail and slider assembly 423; the jaw mechanism has the freedom to move up and down along the fixing frame 421 and is used to clamp the pineapple stalk at the required position.

[0030] Refer to again Figure 4As shown, the jaw mechanism 422 includes a mounting bracket 4221, a first jaw 4222 disposed on the left side of the mounting bracket 4221, and a second jaw 4223 disposed on the right side of the mounting bracket 4221; a first guide rod 4224 is fixed to the left side of the first jaw 4222; the left end of the first guide rod 4224 passes through the mounting bracket 4221, so that the first jaw 4222 has the freedom to move left and right; a first spring 4225 is sleeved on the first guide rod 4224 in the area between the first jaw 4222 and the mounting bracket 4221; a second guide rod 4226 is fixed to the right side of the second jaw 4223; the right end of the second guide rod 4226 passes through the mounting bracket 4221, so that the second jaw 4223 has the freedom to move left and right; a second spring 4227 is sleeved on the second guide rod 4226 in the area between the second jaw 4223 and the mounting bracket 4221; the right end of the second guide rod 4226 passes through the mounting bracket 4221 and is hinged to a connecting rod 4229; the jaw mechanism 422 further includes a handle 4228; the rear end of the handle 4228 is hinged to the mounting bracket 4221, and the area of the handle 4228 near the front of the middle is hinged to the connecting rod 4229; the handle 4228 is used to drive the second jaw 4223 to move to the right, so that the second jaw 4223 and the first jaw 4221 cooperate to loosen the pineapple stalk; the first spring 4225 and the second spring 4227 cooperate to provide a force for clamping the pineapple stalk for the first jaw 4221 and the second jaw 4223 when the handle is released.

[0031] Referring again to Figure 4 As shown, a lower limit block 424 is further fixed at the lower part of the slide rail slider assembly 423 below the lowermost jaw mechanism 422.

[0032] Referring again to Figure 3 As shown, the cutting device is a rotary cutting device 24; the rotary cutting device 24 includes a motor fixing bracket 241 mounted on the front side of the second connecting plate 233, a rotary cutting motor 242 fixed to the motor fixing bracket 241, a blade connecting rod 243 connected to the rotating end of the rotary cutting motor 242, and a rotary cutting blade 244 fixed to the blade connecting rod 243.

[0033] In the pineapple stalk cutting force test device of this embodiment, a torque sensor is further installed on the blade connecting rod 243 for collecting the torque M of the rotary cutting blade 244 during the cutting process 扭 . Specifically, the torque sensor uses a DH5905N wireless torque meter, which is specifically used for measuring physical quantities such as the torque and shaft power of a rotating shaft. The test system uses WiFi communication technology, which can collect data in real time and wirelessly transmit it to a computer, and can calculate and analyze the torque and shaft power of the rotating shaft in real time, and store and display it in real time.

[0034] Refer again to Figure 6 As shown, a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to this embodiment, when in use, first fix the pineapple plant: adjust the position of the pineapple plant so that the pineapple fruit is located at the position of the fixing plate, and fix the pineapple fruit to the fixing plate through an elastic rope. Slide the two jaw mechanisms up and down to the required positions respectively, operate the handle to separate the first jaw and the second jaw, put the pineapple stalk in, and then release the handle. The first jaw and the second jaw clamp the pineapple stalk under the action of the first spring and the second spring; start the first electric push rod to drive the rotating frame to rotate around the hinge point to the required angle; start the rotary cutting motor to drive the rotary cutting blade to rotate; start the second electric push rod to make the rotary cutting blade cut the pineapple stalk at a set angle. At the same time, collect the corresponding data through the pressure sensor and the torque sensor respectively; after the pineapple stalk is cut off, turn off the rotary cutting motor, and the second electric push rod retracts to reset the cutting mechanism, that is, complete a cutting force test; then, re-clamp the pineapple plant again, drive the rotating frame to rotate around the hinge point to the next required angle through the first electric push rod, and continue the cutting force test.

[0035] In a pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to this embodiment, the data collected by the pressure sensor is the normal force F of the rotary cutting blade 244 during the cutting process 法 ; the data collected by the torque sensor is the torque of the rotary cutting blade 244, and the tangential force F received by the rotary cutting blade 244 during the cutting process is calculated by dividing the torque M 扭 by the radius of the rotary cutting blade 244 ; then, through the tangential force F 切 and the normal force F 切 and calculated according to the following formula: 法 F is the cutting force required for the rotary cutting blade 244 during rotary cutting. 切割力

[0036] Embodiment 2

[0037] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is: Please refer to Figure 7 As shown, the cutting device is an impact cutting device 25; the impact cutting device 25 includes an impact tool rest 251 installed on the front side of the second connecting plate 233 and an impact cutting blade 252 fixed to the impact tool rest 251.

[0038] In this embodiment, there is no need to install a torque sensor; directly collect the force of the impact cutting blade 252 during the impact cutting process through the pressure sensor, which is the cutting force required for the impact cutting blade 252 during impact cutting.

[0039] A pineapple stalk cutting force test device according to the above embodiment cuts a pineapple plant with a pineapple fruit and a pineapple stalk through a pineapple fixing device. At the same time, the pineapple plant is fixed upright, which is consistent with the actual planting scenario, and the measurement result of the cutting force obtained is more in line with the actual situation. The cutting angle is adjusted by the first electric push rod, and thus the cutting force generated by the pineapple stalk at different angles can be measured. Through the design of the rotary cutting device and the impact cutting device, the rotary cutting force and the impact cutting force can be measured. The operation of this device is simple, and the variable control is convenient. It can measure the cutting force generated by the pineapple stalk at different angles. Through this device, the cutting force of the pineapple stalk at different angles and different speeds can also be obtained. This device can provide basic test data for the design of a pineapple harvester.

[0040] The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way. All technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitution or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pineapple stalk cutting force test device, characterized in that: It includes a main frame (1), a cutting mechanism (2), a first electric push rod (3) and a pineapple fixing device (4); the cutting mechanism (2) includes a rotating frame (21); the front end of the rotating frame (21) is hinged to the main frame (1), and the fixed end and the moving end of the first electric push rod (3) are respectively hinged to the main frame (1) and the rotating frame (21); the cutting mechanism (2) further includes a second electric push rod (22), a cutting force testing device (23) and a cutting device; the second electric push rod (22) is fixed on the rotating frame (21); the cutting force testing device (23) includes a first connecting plate (231) fixed on the front side of the moving end of the second electric push rod (22), a pressure sensor (232) fixed on the first connecting plate (232), and a second connecting plate (233) arranged in front of the first connecting plate (232) and cooperating with the sensing end of the pressure sensor (23); the cutting device is fixed at the front end of the second connecting plate (233); the pineapple fixing device (4) includes a pineapple fruit fixing device (41) and a pineapple stalk clamping device (42) installed on the front side of the main frame (1); the first electric push rod (3) is used to drive the rotating frame (21) to flip around the hinge point, so as to adjust the angle of the cutting device to cut the pineapple stalk fixed by the pineapple fixing device (4).

2. The pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to claim 1, wherein: A guide rod and guide sleeve assembly (234) is further arranged between the first connecting plate (231) and the second connecting plate (233).

3. The pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to claim 1, wherein: The pineapple fruit fixing device (41) includes a support frame (411) fixed on the top side of the front end of the main frame (1), a fixing plate (412) fixed on the rear side of the support frame (411), and an elastic rope (413) for fixing the pineapple fruit to the fixing plate (412).

4. A pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The pineapple stalk clamping device (42) includes a fixing frame (421) fixed on the front side of the main frame (1) and at least one jaw mechanism (422); the jaw mechanism (422) is installed on the front side of the fixing frame (421) through a slide rail and slider assembly (423); the jaw mechanism has the freedom to move up and down along the fixing frame (421) and is used to clamp the pineapple stalk at the required position.

5. The pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to claim 4, wherein: The jaw mechanism (422) includes a mounting bracket (4221), a first jaw (4222) disposed on the left side of the mounting bracket (4221), and a second jaw (4223) disposed on the right side of the mounting bracket (4221); a first guide rod (4224) is fixed to the left side of the first jaw (4222); the left end of the first guide rod (4224) passes through the mounting bracket (4221), so that the first jaw (4222) has the freedom to move left and right; a first spring (4225) is sleeved on the first guide rod (4224) in the region between the first jaw (4222) and the mounting bracket (4221); a second guide rod (4226) is fixed to the right side of the second jaw (4223); the right end of the second guide rod (4226) passes through the mounting bracket (4221), so that the second jaw (4223) has the freedom to move left and right; a second spring (4227) is sleeved on the second guide rod (4226) in the region between the second jaw (4223) and the mounting bracket (4221); a connecting rod (4229) is hinged to the right end of the second guide rod (4226) after passing through the mounting bracket (4221); the jaw mechanism (422) further includes a handle (4228); the rear end of the handle (4228) is hinged to the mounting bracket (4221), and a region of the handle (4228) in the middle and front is hinged to the connecting rod (4229); the handle (4228) is used to drive the second jaw (4223) to move rightward, so that the second jaw (4223) cooperates with the first jaw (4221) to release the pineapple stalk; the first spring (4225) and the second spring (4227) cooperate to provide a force for clamping the pineapple stalk for the first jaw (4221) and the second jaw (4223) when the handle is released.

6. The pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A lower limit block (424) is further fixed at the lower part of the slide rail slider assembly (423) below the lowermost jaw mechanism (422).

7. The pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting device is a rotary cutting device (24); the rotary cutting device (24) includes a motor fixing bracket (241) installed on the front side of the second connecting plate (233), a rotary cutting motor (242) fixed to the motor fixing bracket (241), a blade connecting rod (243) connected to the rotating end of the rotary cutting motor (242), and a rotary cutting blade (244) fixed to the blade connecting rod (243).

8. The pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A torque sensor is also installed on the blade connecting rod (243) to collect the torque M of the rotary cutting blade (244) during the cutting process. 扭 ; By the torque M 扭 Divided by the radius r of the rotary cutting blade (244) 刀片 , the tangential force F exerted on the rotary cutting blade (244) during the cutting process is calculated. 切 ; The normal force F of the rotary cutting blade (244) during the cutting process is collected by a pressure sensor. 法 ; By the tangential force F 切 and the normal force F 法 , calculated according to the following formula: F 切割力 is the cutting force of the rotary cutting blade (244).

9. A pineapple stalk cutting force testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutting device is an impact cutting device (25); the impact cutting device (25) includes an impact knife rest (251) installed on the front side of the second connecting plate (233), and an impact cutting blade (252) fixed to the impact knife rest (251); the force of the impact cutting blade (252) during cutting is collected by a pressure sensor, which is the cutting force of the impact cutting blade (252).

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