A fatigue testing fixture and test method for shock absorber buffer blocks used in new energy vehicles.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of shock absorber buffer block technology, and more particularly to a fatigue testing fixture and testing method for shock absorber buffer blocks used in new energy vehicles, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. The testing fixture includes a base, a first testing mechanism, a second testing mechanism, and an adjustment mechanism. A fixing component is provided on the base, and a buffer block for testing is placed on the fixing component. An "L"-shaped fixing plate and a fixing platform are also installed on the base. A screw is rotatably arranged between the fixing plate and the base, and an adjustment seat is provided on the screw in the vertical direction. An operating platform with a PLC controller is also provided on one side of the fixing platform on the base. The first testing mechanism slides and adjusts in the vertical direction, and the first testing mechanism can be connected to the adjustment seat by suction. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can simulate the external force affecting the buffer block when a vehicle decelerates over a speed bump and detect its wear durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shock absorber buffer block technology, and in particular to a fatigue testing fixture and testing method for a shock absorber buffer block used in new energy vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Shock absorber blocks are important components of a car's suspension system. They are mainly used to limit the compression stroke of the shock absorber, prevent damage from excessive compression, and provide additional cushioning during severe vibrations. There are two types of shock absorbers: internal and external. Internal shock absorbers are usually located at the top of the piston rod, while external shock absorbers are usually located at the bottom or top of the shock absorber housing.

[0003] For internal buffer blocks, their installation position causes continuous contact between the buffer block and the piston rod. Over time, wear will occur on the inner surface of the buffer block where it contacts the piston rod, affecting the lifespan of the buffer block. However, current testing fixtures for buffer blocks are all static tests, which cannot truly simulate the external forces experienced by the buffer block during dynamic processes. For example, when a vehicle decelerates over a speed bump, the height difference between the speed bump and the road surface causes the shock absorber to move up and down, resulting in compression of the buffer block. In addition, the significant impact is that when passing over a speed bump, the vehicle needs to slow down, and during the deceleration and braking process, the inertia will cause the contact between the buffer block and the piston rod to become tighter, which may increase wear.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a fatigue testing fixture and testing method for shock absorber buffer blocks used in new energy vehicles to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fatigue testing fixture and testing method for shock absorber buffer blocks used in new energy vehicles, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block used in new energy vehicles includes a base, a first testing mechanism, a second testing mechanism, and an adjustment mechanism. The base is provided with a fixing component, on which the buffer block for testing is placed. The base is also equipped with an "L"-shaped fixing plate and a fixing platform. A screw is rotatably arranged between the fixing plate and the base. An adjustment seat is arranged on the screw along the vertical direction. An operating table with a PLC controller is also provided on one side of the fixing platform on the base.

[0008] The test mechanism 1 can be slidably adjusted in the vertical direction, and the test mechanism 1 can be connected to the adjustment seat by suction. The test mechanism 1 is provided with two pressure rods that are always parallel and opposite to each other. The pressure rods can act downward on the top surface of the buffer block and generate compressive force on it.

[0009] The second testing mechanism reciprocates linearly along the length of the fixed platform and can apply force to the side of the buffer block;

[0010] The adjustment mechanism is located on one side of the fixed platform and on the base. Guide bolts are rotatably installed on both sides of the adjustment mechanism. The angle between the two guide bolts and the rotation center of the adjustment mechanism is always 90 degrees. The two guide bolts can drive and control the test mechanism one and the test mechanism two respectively, thereby simulating the compression force from the shock absorber and the thrust generated by braking that the vehicle experiences while decelerating over the speed bump.

[0011] In one embodiment, the fixing member consists of a cylindrical platform and a vertical shaft. The vertical shaft is installed in the middle of the cylindrical platform in a vertical direction. The cylindrical platform is installed on a base. One end of the fixing platform is connected and fixed to the outer surface of the cylindrical platform. A fixing groove is provided on the fixing platform, and a transverse rod is provided in the fixing groove along its length.

[0012] A rotary motor is installed on one vertical side wall of the fixed plate. A bevel gear is installed on the output shaft of the rotary motor. A bevel gear is installed on the screw and rotates synchronously with it. The bevel gear and the bevel gear mesh and drive each other. Two limiting rings are also installed on the screw and fixed thereto. A contact sensor is embedded on the opposite surface of the two limiting rings. The screw has an external thread only on the outer surface between the two limiting rings.

[0013] The adjusting seat reciprocates between two limiting rings, and a photosensitive element is embedded on the outer surface of the adjusting seat facing the fixed plate. A light-emitting element is embedded on the side wall of the fixed plate. The light-emitting element is an infrared light-emitting diode, and the photosensitive element is a photosensitive sensor.

[0014] Two guide rods and one guide rod are also installed between the fixed plate and the base, and both guide rods are installed in the vertical direction.

[0015] In one embodiment, the testing mechanism includes a lifting seat, an adjusting gear, and a pressure rod;

[0016] The lifting platform is designed in an "L" shape, with a support plate installed on one of the vertical side walls. A rotary motor is installed on the bottom wall of the support plate. Two adjusting gears are installed and meshed above the support plate. One of the adjusting gears is connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor. Two pressure rods are installed and fixed on the top surfaces of the two adjusting gears respectively. The two pressure rods are always arranged in parallel relative to each other. A strip-shaped contact sensor is embedded on the side wall of the two pressure rods. A distance sensor is also installed on the side wall of one of the pressure rods.

[0017] On the other vertical side wall of the lifting seat, there is an adsorption component that is fixed thereto. The adsorption component is an electromagnet. The adjusting seat is equipped with a guide block. The guide block is designed in a dovetail shape and matches the adsorption component. The guide block can slide and adjust along the inner wall of the adsorption component. The guide block and the adsorption component can also be connected as one unit by suction. An external power supply connected to the adsorption component is installed on the side wall of the lifting seat. The lifting seat is also equipped with two fixing bars. A guide rod passes through the fixing bars and slides thereto.

[0018] In one embodiment, the testing mechanism further includes a slider, an adjusting arm, a movable plate, and an electric push rod;

[0019] The slider slides on the guide rod 2. Two connecting sleeves are provided on the side wall of the slider facing the lifting seat. The adjusting arm 1 is provided on the other side wall of the slider, and a through hole 1 is provided along the length of the adjusting arm 1.

[0020] An electric push rod is installed on the side wall of the lifting seat, and a push block is connected to the push rod end of the electric push rod. The moving plate is set inside the lifting seat and slides along the inner wall of the lifting seat for adjustment. Two connecting shafts are set on the side wall of the moving plate. The connecting shafts can be fixed together with the connecting sleeve by plugging.

[0021] In one embodiment, the second testing mechanism includes a mounting base, an adjusting arm, and a fixing cylinder;

[0022] A sponge pad is adhered to the side wall of the mounting base facing the fixing component, and a connecting shaft two is installed on the other side wall of the mounting base. The adjusting arm two slides vertically between the inner walls of the fixing groove, and a through hole two is opened on the adjusting arm two along its length. The horizontal rod passes through the bottom end of the adjusting arm two and slides in contact with the inner wall. The fixing cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the adjusting arm two. One end of the connecting shaft two always slides between the inner walls of the fixing cylinder, and the connecting shaft two and the fixing cylinder can be fixed by fastening bolts.

[0023] During the test, the distance the sponge pad moves in a straight line to contact the buffer block is equal to the distance the pressure rod moves in a vertical direction to contact the buffer block.

[0024] In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism further includes a gear seat, a drive gear, a transmission gear, and a rotating disk;

[0025] The gear seat is mounted on the base. A synchronous shaft, which rotates and contacts the gear seat, runs through the inner wall of the gear seat. The transmission gear is mounted in the middle of the synchronous shaft and rotates synchronously with it. The drive gear is located directly below the transmission gear and meshes with it for transmission. A rotary motor three, which is connected to and drives the drive gear, is mounted on the side wall of the gear seat. There are two rotating disks, which are respectively mounted on the two ends of the synchronous shaft. A moving block is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the rotating disk. A sliding block is connected to the outer surface of the moving block. One end of the guide bolt is fixed to the sliding block, and the two guide bolts on both sides slide between the inner walls of through hole one and through hole two, respectively.

[0026] In one embodiment, when the photosensitive element and the light-emitting element are opposite each other and at the same horizontal height, the bottom surface of the adjusting seat and the bottom surface of the adsorption element are also in the same plane. The distance between the pressure rod and the top surface of the buffer block is the farthest. The connecting shaft one and the connecting sleeve are also in opposite positions and can be connected together in this state. At this time, the test mechanism one is located at the initial position of the test. During the test, the lifting seat and the adjusting seat are always connected as one unit. The guide bolt connected to the adjusting arm one is located in the vertical upward position, and the guide bolt connected to the adjusting arm two is located in the horizontal direction. At this time, the test mechanism two is farthest from the position of the buffer block.

[0027] When the lifting seat and the adjusting seat make sliding contact, the test has ended or has not yet started. When the adjusting seat moves to contact the lower limit ring, the distance between the two pressure rods is the largest. When the adjusting seat moves to contact the upper limit ring, the distance between the two pressure rods is the smallest. During the test, the distance between the two pressure rods is always kept to the minimum and will not contact the vertical axis on the fixed part.

[0028] A test method for a fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block used in new energy vehicles includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. First, install the buffer block to be tested upside down on the fixed part, and adjust the lifting seat from the highest position to the initial test position by the vertical downward movement of the adjusting seat. Connect the connecting shaft one to the connecting sleeve and match it. At the same time, adjust the position of the connecting shaft two according to the distance between the pressure rod and the top surface of the buffer block.

[0030] S2. Next, by controlling the rotation of the drive gear, the two rotating disks rotate synchronously. The movement of the adjusting arm one and the adjusting arm two is controlled by the guide bolts on both sides, so that the pressure rod and the mounting seat move towards the buffer block synchronously and apply force, thereby simulating the effect of the force generated on the buffer block by the shock absorber and braking inertia when the vehicle decelerates and passes over the speed bump.

[0031] S3. After the test, control the two guide bolts to move to their initial positions and stop. Then, make the connecting shaft leave the connecting sleeve and disconnect the suction between the lifting seat and the adjusting seat. Then, continue to adjust the lifting seat downwards to the lowest position and control the pressure rods on both sides to clamp the buffer block. After clamping, move upwards to the highest position and stop. Remove the buffer block and measure the inner diameter of the middle hole of the buffer block. Based on the inner diameter error, determine the degree of wear of the buffer block when the vehicle decelerates over the speed bump.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0033] 1. This invention sets up a test mechanism, which uses the vertical movement of the lifting seat to drive the pressure rod to reciprocate the force on the top surface of the buffer block, so as to simulate the compression force generated on the buffer block by the up and down movement of the shock absorber when a vehicle drives over a speed bump. In addition, the vertical movement of the lifting seat, combined with the adjustment process of the pressure rod, can also clamp the buffer block, so that the buffer block can be easily clamped and removed after the test.

[0034] 2. This invention uses a second testing mechanism to simulate the thrust on the buffer block caused by the deceleration and braking inertia of a vehicle when it passes over a speed bump. The horizontal linear movement of the mounting base, combined with the sponge pad, applies force to the side of the buffer block.

[0035] 3. By setting up an adjustment mechanism, the present invention uses a synchronous shaft to make the guide bolts on both sides move synchronously. Furthermore, the guide bolts can drive the adjustment arm one and the adjustment arm two, respectively controlling the movement of the test mechanism one and the test mechanism two. It can also ensure the synchronicity of the force exerted by the two mechanisms on the buffer block, thereby better simulating the external force effect on the buffer block when a vehicle passes over a speed bump. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the attached diagram:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Front view structural diagram;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing frame of the present invention and the components installed on it;

[0041] Figure 4 yes Figure 3A longitudinal sectional view of the diagram;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the testing mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the electric push rod, push block, and moving plate of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second testing mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Operating table; 2. Fixing component; 3. Fixing plate; 31. Guide rod one; 32. Screw one; 321. Limiting ring; 33. Adjusting seat; 331. Photosensitive element; 34. Bevel gear one; 341. Rotary motor one; 35. Bevel gear two; 36. Guide rod two; 37. Light-emitting element; 38. Contact sensor one; 4. Fixing platform; 41. Horizontal rod; 5. Testing mechanism one; 51. Lifting seat; 511. Fixing strip; 512. Support plate; 52. Adsorption component; 521. External power supply; 53. Adjusting... 531. Pitch gear; 54. Pressure rod; 55. Slider; 56. Adjusting arm one; 57. Connecting sleeve; 58. Moving plate; 59. Connecting shaft one; 50. Electric push rod; 51. Push block; 6. Test mechanism two; 61. Mounting base; 611. Sponge pad; 612. Connecting shaft two; 62. Adjusting arm two; 63. Fixed cylinder; 7. Adjusting mechanism; 71. Gear seat; 72. Drive gear; 73. Transmission gear; 731. Synchronous shaft; 74. Rotary disk; 741. Screw two; 75. Sliding block; 751. Guide bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0048] like Figure 1-6As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block used in new energy vehicles, including a base 1, a fixing component 2, a fixing plate 3, and a testing mechanism 5. An operating table 11 with a PLC controller is fixedly installed on the base 1. The fixing component 2 consists of a cylindrical platform and a vertical shaft. The cylindrical platform is fixedly installed on the base 1 by bolts, and the vertical shaft is installed in the middle of the top of the cylindrical platform by a threaded connection. The buffer block used for testing is sleeved on the vertical shaft and contacts the top surface of the cylindrical platform.

[0049] The fixing plate 3 is arranged in an "L" shape. The bottom end of the fixing plate 3 is fixed to the base 1 with bolts. A rotary motor 341 is fixedly installed on one vertical side wall of the fixing plate 3 with bolts. A bevel gear 34 is installed on the output shaft end of the rotary motor 341. A light-emitting element 37 is embedded on the other vertical side wall of the fixing plate 3. The light-emitting element 37 is an infrared light-emitting diode. A built-in power supply (not shown in the figure) is provided in the fixing plate 3 to power the infrared light-emitting diode.

[0050] Two guide rods 31 and a screw 32 are respectively arranged vertically between the fixed plate 3 and the base 1. The two ends of the guide rods 31 are fixed to the fixed plate 3 and the base 1 respectively. The screw 32 is rotatably disposed between the opposing surfaces of the fixed plate 3 and the base 1. Two limiting rings 321 are installed on the screw 32 and fixed together with it. Contact sensors 38 are embedded on the opposing surfaces of the two limiting rings 321. The contact sensors 38 are connected to the PLC controller of the operating table 11 by electrical signals. The screw 32 has external threads only on the outer surface between the two limiting rings 321, and the rest is unthreaded. A bevel gear 35 is also installed on the outer surface of the screw 741 near the base 1 and rotates synchronously with it. The bevel gear 35 meshes with the bevel gear 34 and rotates on the top surface of the base 1 through a bearing.

[0051] An adjusting seat 33 is slidably disposed along the outer surface of the screw 32 and is threadedly driven therewith. An iron guide block is fixed to the adjusting seat 33 by screws. The guide block is arranged in a dovetail shape. A photosensitive element 331 is embedded on the side wall of the adjusting seat 33 facing the vertical direction of the fixed plate 3. The photosensitive element 331 is a photosensitive sensor. The light-emitting element 37 is matched with the photosensitive element 331. The photosensitive element 331 is connected to the PLC controller by an electrical signal. Only when the photosensitive element 331 moves to the same horizontal height as the light-emitting element 37 can the photosensitive element 331 receive the light signal emitted by the light-emitting element 37.

[0052] A bearing seat is fixedly installed on one side wall of the fixing plate 3 by bolts, and a guide rod 36 is also fixedly installed between the bearing seat and the top surface of the base 1.

[0053] When a car goes over a speed bump, the wheels move up and down rapidly due to the height difference between the speed bump and the road surface. This causes the shock absorber to continuously compress and adjust. During the compression process, the buffer block is subjected to a certain compressive force to prevent the shock absorber from over-compressing. Therefore, a test mechanism 5 is set up to simulate this compressive force from the shock absorber on the buffer block. Furthermore, since the buffer block is in direct contact with the piston rod, the compressive force from the shock absorber also causes friction between the buffer block and the piston rod, which has a certain impact on the lifespan of the buffer block. The specific settings are as follows:

[0054] The testing mechanism 5 includes a lifting seat 51, an adsorption component 52, an adjusting gear 53, a slider 54, a moving plate 55, and an electric push rod 56.

[0055] The lifting seat 51 is arranged in an "L" shape, and a support plate 512 perpendicular to the vertical side wall is fixedly installed on one of its side walls. A rotary motor 2 (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the lifting seat 51 and the support plate 512. The rotary motor 2 is fixed on the bottom wall of the support plate 512. Two constantly meshing adjusting gears 53 are rotatably arranged above the support plate 512. One adjusting gear 53 is installed on the end of the output shaft of the rotary motor 2, and the other adjusting gear 53 is rotatably arranged on the top surface of the support plate 512 through a shaft connection. Each of the two adjusting gears 53 has a pressure rod 531 arranged parallel to each other installed on its top surface by fastening bolts.

[0056] Contact sensors are embedded in the opposing sidewalls of the two pressure rods 531. The contact sensors are strip-shaped to increase the contact sensing area. A distance sensor is also embedded in the sidewall of one of the pressure rods 531 to detect the distance change between the two pressure rods 531 (but the maximum and minimum distance values ​​of the distance sensor are preset trigger thresholds). Both the contact sensors and the distance sensor are connected to the PLC controller via electrical signals. When the distance between the two pressure rods 531 is at its minimum, the distance between them is still greater than the diameter of the vertical shaft on the fixing part 2, that is, the pressure rod 531 will never come into contact with the vertical shaft.

[0057] A groove is provided on the vertical side wall of the lifting seat 51 facing the fixed plate 3. An adsorption component 52 is installed in the groove by screws. The adsorption component 52 is an electromagnet. The adsorption component 52 matches the guide block and the guide block can slide and adjust along the inner wall of the adsorption component 52. An external power supply 521 is installed on the side wall of the lifting seat 51. The external power supply 521 is connected to the PLC controller by an electrical signal and is connected to the electromagnet by a wire. Two fixing strips 511 are also fixed on the side wall of the lifting seat 51 by screws on both sides of the groove. The guide rod 31 passes through the fixing strips 511 and slides in contact with them.

[0058] The electric push rod 56 is fixed to the vertical side wall of the lifting base 51 by screws and is located below the support plate 512. A cavity (not shown in the figure) is opened in the lifting base 51. A movable plate 55 is slidably arranged between the inner walls of the cavity. Two connecting shafts 551 are installed on the movable plate 55 by threaded connection. A push block 561 is provided on the outside of the lifting base 51 and coaxially connected to the movable plate 55. The push block 561 is installed on the push rod end of the electric push rod 56.

[0059] A slider 54 is slidably arranged along the outer surface of the guide rod 36. Two connecting sleeves 542 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the slider 54 facing the lifting seat 51 by screws. The connecting shaft 551 can be fixed to the connecting sleeves 542 by plugging. A horizontally arranged adjusting arm 541 is fixed on the other side wall of the slider 54 by screws. A through hole is opened on the adjusting arm 541 along its length direction.

[0060] It should be further explained that the buffer block is installed upside down on the fixing part 2 (i.e., as shown in the image). Figure 1 As shown (wider at the top and narrower at the bottom), initially, the lifting seat 51 is in its highest position, meaning the adjusting seat 33 is fixed to the bottom of the adsorption component 52 by suction (i.e., the bottom surface of the adjusting seat 33 and the bottom surface of the adsorption component 52 are in the same plane). At this time, the adjusting seat 33 is in contact with the upper limiting ring 321, and the connecting shaft 551 is completely retracted into the cavity, without any connection with the connecting sleeve 542. Next, the lifting seat 51 is adjusted to the test position, that is, the rotary motor 341 is started through the operating table 11, which drives the bevel gear 34 to rotate, thereby controlling the rotation of the bevel gear 35 and the screw 32. Since the fixing bar 511 can only move in the vertical direction along the guide rod 31, the adjusting seat 33, under the thread drive of the screw 32, changes the output direction of the rotary motor 341, causing the adjusting seat 33 to drive the lifting seat 51 in the vertical direction. Moving downwards, when the photosensitive element 331 moves to the same horizontal height as the light-emitting element 37, the photosensitive element 331 transmits an electrical signal to the PLC controller, causing the PLC controller to immediately stop rotating motor 341, thereby stopping the lifting seat 51. At this time, the connecting shaft 551 is exactly in the position opposite to the connecting sleeve 542 (in this state, the guide bolt 751 in the adjusting arm 541 is in the vertically upward position). Then, the electric push rod 56 is started by controlling the operation panel 11, so that the push rod begins to extend and drives the moving plate 55 to move closer to the slider 54 through the push block 561. When the electric push rod 56 extends to its maximum distance, it automatically stops. At this time, the connecting shaft 551 is just inserted into the connecting sleeve 542. Afterwards, the pressure rod 531 is controlled by the adjustment mechanism 7 to press the buffer block down in the vertical direction to simulate the compressive force applied by the shock absorber.

[0061] When a car goes over a speed bump, in addition to the compressive force exerted by the shock absorber, the buffer block is also subjected to a forward thrust due to the short braking distance caused by braking. This pushes the buffer block closer to the piston rod, increasing the friction between them. The specific settings are as follows:

[0062] like Figure 1-2 as well as Figure 7 As shown, a second test mechanism 6 is also provided on the base 1. The second test mechanism 6 includes a mounting base 61, an adjusting arm 62, and a fixing cylinder 63.

[0063] A fixing platform 4 is also fixedly installed on the base 1 by bolts. One end of the fixing platform 4 is connected and fixed to the cylindrical platform of the fixing member 2. A fixing groove is provided on the fixing platform 4 along its length direction. A horizontal rod 41 is provided in the fixing groove along the horizontal direction. One end of the horizontal rod 41 is fixed to the outer surface of the cylindrical platform, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the fixing groove.

[0064] One end of the fixed cylinder 63 is connected and fixed to the second adjusting arm 62. The second adjusting arm 62 is set in a vertical direction, and a through fixing hole is opened at the bottom end of the second adjusting arm 62. The horizontal rod 41 passes through the fixing hole and slides in contact with it. A through hole 2 is opened along the length direction of the second adjusting arm 62. A connecting shaft 612 is installed on the side wall of the mounting base 61 facing the fixed cylinder 63 by means of threaded connection. The other end of the connecting shaft 612 slides between the inner walls of the fixed cylinder 63, and the connecting shaft 612 and the fixed cylinder 63 are fixed by fastening bolts. The fastening bolts are set on the fixed cylinder 63. A sponge pad 611 is installed on the other side wall of the mounting base 61 by means of adhesive bonding.

[0065] It should be further explained that, firstly, by adjusting the length of the connecting shaft 612 within the fixed cylinder 63, the contact point between the sponge pad 611 and the buffer block is changed. After adjusting it to a suitable level according to the test requirements, the connecting shaft 612 is firmly fixed within the fixed cylinder 63 by tightening bolts. Subsequently, by adjusting the arm 62, the reciprocating linear motion along the transverse axis is made so that the mounting seat 61 drives the sponge pad 611 to continuously apply force to the side of the buffer block opposite to the sponge pad 611, thereby simulating the thrust on the buffer block generated when the vehicle brakes after passing over a speed bump.

[0066] As described in the preceding technical solution, when a car decelerates over a buffer strip, the compressive force applied by the shock absorber to the buffer block is synchronized with the thrust generated on the buffer block during deceleration and braking. Therefore, this is achieved by setting an adjustment mechanism 7, the specific settings of which are as follows:

[0067] like Figure 1-2 as well as Figure 8As shown, an adjustment mechanism 7 is also provided on the base 1. The adjustment mechanism 7 includes a gear seat 71, a drive gear 72, a transmission gear 73, a rotating disk 74, and a sliding block 75.

[0068] The gear seat 71 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts, and the gear seat 71 is arranged adjacent to the fixed platform 4. A rotary motor 3 is installed on one side wall of the gear seat 71 by bolts. A drive gear 72 is rotatably arranged between the side walls of the gear seat 71 by a shaft connection. The rotary motor 3 is the drive source of the drive gear 72. A synchronous shaft 731 is arranged through the inner wall of the gear seat 71 and rotates in contact with it. A transmission gear 73 is fixedly installed in the middle of the synchronous shaft 731 and rotates synchronously with it. The drive gear 72 is located directly below the transmission gear 73 and the two mesh and transmit power.

[0069] Two rotating disks 74 are provided and are respectively fixed to the two ends of the synchronous shaft 731 by screws. An adjustment groove is provided on the rotating disk 74. A screw 2 741 is rotatably arranged between the inner walls of the adjustment groove along its length. A rotary motor 4 (not shown in the figure) is connected to one end of the screw 2 741. The rotary motor 4 is installed inside the rotating disk 74. A moving block (not shown in the figure) is slidably arranged between the inner walls of the adjustment groove. The sliding block 75 has a square structure and is connected to the moving block as a whole. A guide bolt 751 is also installed on the outer surface of the sliding block 75 by a threaded connection. The guide bolts 751 on the two rotating disks 74 slide and adjust along the inner walls of the through hole 1 and through hole 2, respectively.

[0070] It should be further explained that the rotary motor four is started by the PLC controller, which drives the screw two 741 to rotate and output, thereby controlling the position of the sliding block 75 on the rotary disk 74. By changing the position of the guide bolt 751 (that is, the sliding block 75), the reciprocating distance of the adjusting arm one 541 and the adjusting arm two 62 can be adjusted, so that the compression force and the thrust force on the buffer block can be adjusted according to the test requirements.

[0071] When testing the initial state, i.e. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the state shown, the photosensitive element 331 on the adjusting seat 33 and the light-emitting element 37 on the fixed plate 3 are positioned opposite each other and at the same horizontal height. The connecting shaft 551 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 542, and the guide bolt 751 located in the adjusting arm 541 is positioned... Figure 2 The position shown is vertically upward (this is the highest position of the pressure rod 531 during the test), while the guide bolt 751 located in the adjusting arm 62 is located at... Figure 2 The position shown is horizontally to the right (this position is the farthest from the buffer block to the mounting base 61), and the distance between the two pressure rods 531 is the shortest at the initial test state;

[0072] Then, by starting the rotary motor three, it drives the drive gear 72 to rotate, which in turn causes the transmission gear 73 to drive the synchronous shaft 731 to rotate, so that the rotating disks 74 on both sides rotate synchronously. Figure 2 As the rotating disk 74 rotates clockwise, the guide bolt 751 connected to the test mechanism 5 moves from a vertically upward position to a vertically downward position, simultaneously driving the pressure rod 531 downward towards the top of the buffer block. Upon contact, pressure is applied to the top of the buffer block, causing it to deform until the pressure rod 531 reaches its lowest position. Afterward, the guide bolt 751 drives the pressure rod 531 upward to reset, and the buffer block returns to its original state. As the guide bolt 751 connected to the test mechanism 6 moves from a horizontally right position to a horizontally left position, it simultaneously drives the mounting base 61 towards the buffer block. After the sponge pad 611 contacts the buffer block, a pushing force is applied to the side of the buffer block, causing both the buffer block and the sponge pad 611 to deform simultaneously until the mounting base 61 moves to the position closest to the buffer block. Afterward, the guide bolt 751 drives the mounting base 61 to reset to the side away from the buffer block, and the buffer block returns to its original state.

[0073] During the test, the position of the connecting shaft 612 inside the fixed cylinder 63 is changed by tightening the bolts. This adjustment is based on the distance from when the pressure rod 531 moves from its highest position to when it contacts the top surface of the buffer block of different specifications. The purpose is to ensure that, regardless of the specifications of the buffer block being tested, when the pressure rod 531 contacts the top surface of the buffer block, the sponge pad 611 also contacts the side of the buffer block under the drive of the mounting base 61, thereby controlling and ensuring the synchronization of the compression force and the thrust.

[0074] Furthermore, after the test, the final state is when the two guide bolts 751 move to their initial positions. Since the adjustment seat 33 is connected and fixed to the bottom of the adsorption component 52 in the initial state during the test, when it moves to this state again, the adjustment seat 33 contacts the bottom of the adsorption component 52, and the external power supply 521 is activated by the PLC controller, so that current flows through the adsorption component 52 and a suction force is generated, thereby making the adjustment seat 33 reconnect with the lifting seat 51 as one unit.

[0075] Subsequently, the electric push rod 56 is reset by the PLC controller, so that the electric push rod 56 drives the moving plate 55 to move away from the slider 54 through the push block 561. When the electric push rod 56 is reset, the extension length of the push rod is the shortest, and the connecting shaft 551 is completely driven into the cavity. At this time, there is no contact between the connecting shaft 551 and the connecting sleeve 542.

[0076] Then, the rotary motor two is started via the PLC controller, causing the adjusting gear 53 (i.e., the one on the right side) connected to the rotary motor two to press... Figure 5As shown, rotating clockwise causes another adjusting gear 53 to press... Figure 5 As shown, rotating counterclockwise, the straight-line distance between the two pressure rods 531 is at its maximum. The distance sensor detects the maximum value, triggering the PLC controller to stop the second rotating motor (which has rotated 180 degrees). Then, the PLC controller starts the first rotating motor 341, causing the adjusting seat 33 to move the lifting seat 51 downwards until it contacts the lower limit ring 321. This triggers the contact sensor 38 on the limit ring 321. At this point, the two pressure rods are located on opposite sides of the buffer block. The PLC controller immediately stops the first rotating motor 341 and then restarts the second rotating motor, controlling its reverse rotation. This drives the adjusting gear 53 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the two pressure rods 531 to move back towards the side wall of the buffer block. When the side wall contacts the outer surface of the buffer block, the second contact sensor on the pressure rod 531 is triggered. At this time, the PLC controller stops the second rotating motor and restarts the first rotating motor 341. It also controls the adjusting seat 33 to drive the lifting seat 51 to move upward. This moves the buffer block clamped in the middle from the bottom to the top of the fixing part 2 through the two pressure rods 531. When the adjusting seat 33 moves to contact the upper limit ring 321, the first contact sensor 38 on the limit ring 321 is triggered. At this time, the buffer block is moved out along the length of the pressure rod 531, and the second rotating motor is controlled to continue outputting. When the distance between the two pressure rods 531 is the closest, the value detected by the distance sensor reaches the minimum value and triggers the PLC controller to stop the second rotating motor.

[0077] Finally, by measuring the inner diameter of the hole in the middle of the buffer block, it is possible to detect whether there is an inconsistency in the inner diameter, and the wear degree of the buffer block when the vehicle decelerates over the speed bump can be determined based on the inner diameter error.

[0078] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection, the internal communication between two components, or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0079] The fatigue testing fixture and testing method for a shock absorber buffer block for new energy vehicles provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solutions and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block used in new energy vehicles, comprising: The base (1) is provided with a fixing part (2), a test buffer block is placed on the fixing part (2), and an "L"-shaped fixing plate (3) and a fixing platform (4) are also installed on the base (1). A screw (32) is rotatably provided between the fixing plate (3) and the base (1). An adjusting seat (33) is provided on the screw (32) along the vertical direction. An operating table (11) with a PLC controller is also provided on one side of the fixing platform (4) on the base (1). Two guide rods (31) and one guide rod (36) are also provided between the fixed plate (3) and the base (1). Both guide rods (31) and guide rod (36) are set in the vertical direction. Its characteristic is that it further includes: Test mechanism 1 (5) includes a lifting seat (51), an adjusting gear (53) and a pressure rod (531); The test mechanism (5) is slidably adjusted in the vertical direction, and the test mechanism (5) can be connected to the adjustment seat (33) by suction. The test mechanism (5) is provided with two pressure rods (531) that are always parallel to each other. The pressure rods (531) can act downward on the top surface of the buffer block and generate a compressive force on it. The lifting seat (51) is set in an "L" shape, and a support plate (512) is installed on one of the vertical side walls. A rotary motor is installed on the bottom wall of the support plate (512). Two adjusting gears (53) are set and meshed above the support plate (512). One of the adjusting gears (53) is connected to the output shaft of the rotary motor. Two pressure rods (531) are set and fixed on the top surface of the two adjusting gears (53). The two pressure rods (531) are always set in parallel relative to each other. A strip-shaped contact sensor is embedded on the side wall opposite to the two pressure rods (531). A distance sensor is also set on the side wall of one of the pressure rods (531). An adsorption component (52) is fixed to the vertical side wall of the lifting seat (51). The adsorption component (52) is an electromagnet. A guide block is provided on the adjusting seat (33). The guide block is set in a dovetail structure and matches the adsorption component (52). The guide block can slide along the inner wall of the adsorption component (52). The guide block and the adsorption component (52) can also be connected together by suction. An external power supply (521) is installed on the side wall of the lifting seat (51) and connected to the adsorption component (52) by a wire. Two fixing bars (511) are also provided on the lifting seat (51). The guide rod (31) passes through the fixing bar (511) and slides with it. Test mechanism two (6) reciprocates linearly along the length of the fixed platform (4) and can apply force to the side of the buffer block; Adjustment mechanism (7) is set on one side of fixed platform (4) and located on base (1). Guide bolts (751) are rotatably set on both sides of adjustment mechanism (7). The angle between the two guide bolts (751) and the rotation center of adjustment mechanism (7) is always 90 degrees. The two guide bolts (751) can drive and control test mechanism one (5) and test mechanism two (6) respectively, so as to simulate the compression force from shock absorber and the thrust generated by braking that the vehicle receives simultaneously during the deceleration process of passing through speed bump.

2. The fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component (2) consists of a cylindrical platform and a vertical shaft. The vertical shaft is installed in the middle of the cylindrical platform in the vertical direction. The cylindrical platform is installed on the base (1). One end of the fixing platform (4) is connected and fixed to the outer surface of the cylindrical platform. A fixing groove is provided on the fixing platform (4), and a horizontal rod (41) is provided in the fixing groove along its length direction. A rotary motor (341) is installed on one vertical side wall of the fixed plate (3). A bevel gear (34) is installed on the output shaft of the rotary motor (341). A bevel gear (35) that rotates synchronously with the screw (32) is installed on the screw. The bevel gear (34) and the bevel gear (35) mesh and drive each other. Two limiting rings (321) are also provided on the screw (32). A contact sensor (38) is embedded on the opposite surface of the two limiting rings (321). The screw (32) has an external thread only on the outer surface between the two limiting rings (321). The adjusting seat (33) reciprocates between two limiting rings (321), and a photosensitive element (331) is embedded on the outer surface of the adjusting seat (33) facing the fixing plate (3). A light-emitting element (37) is embedded on the side wall of the fixing plate (3). The light-emitting element (37) is an infrared light-emitting diode, and the photosensitive element (331) is a photosensitive sensor.

3. The fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test mechanism (5) also includes a slider (54), an adjusting arm (541), a moving plate (55), and an electric push rod (56). The slider (54) slides on the guide rod (36). Two connecting sleeves (542) are provided on the side wall of the slider (54) facing the lifting seat (51). The adjusting arm (541) is provided on the other side wall of the slider (54), and a through hole is provided along the length of the adjusting arm (541). An electric push rod (56) is installed on the side wall of the lifting seat (51), and a push block (561) is connected to the push rod end of the electric push rod (56). A movable plate (55) is set inside the lifting seat (51) and slides along the inner wall of the lifting seat (51). Two connecting shafts (551) are provided on the side wall of the movable plate (55). The connecting shafts (551) can be fixed together with the connecting sleeve (542) by plugging.

4. The fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block for new energy vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second test mechanism (6) includes a mounting base (61), an adjusting arm (62), and a fixing cylinder (63); A sponge pad (611) is adhered to the side wall of the mounting base (61) facing the fixing member (2), and a connecting shaft (612) is installed on the other side wall of the mounting base (61). The adjusting arm (62) slides vertically between the inner walls of the fixing groove, and a through hole (2) is opened on the adjusting arm (62) along its length. The transverse rod (41) passes through the bottom end of the adjusting arm (62) and slides in contact with the inner wall. The fixing cylinder (63) is fixed on the side wall of the adjusting arm (62). One end of the connecting shaft (612) always slides between the inner walls of the fixing cylinder (63), and the connecting shaft (612) and the fixing cylinder (63) can be fixed by fastening bolts. During the test, the distance from which the sponge pad (611) moves in a straight line to contact the buffer block is equal to the distance from which the pressure rod (531) moves in a vertical direction to contact the buffer block.

5. The fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (7) also includes a gear seat (71), a drive gear (72), a transmission gear (73), and a rotating disk (74). The gear seat (71) is mounted on the base (1). A synchronous shaft (731) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the gear seat (71). The transmission gear (73) is mounted in the middle of the synchronous shaft (731) and rotates synchronously with it. The drive gear (72) is located directly below the transmission gear (73) and meshes with it for transmission. A rotary motor three connected to the drive gear (72) is mounted on the side wall of the gear seat (71). Two rotating disks (74) are provided and are respectively mounted on the two ends of the synchronous shaft (731). A moving block is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the rotating disk (74). A sliding block (75) is connected to the outer surface of the moving block. One end of the guide bolt (751) is fixed on the sliding block (75), and the guide bolts (751) on both sides slide between the inner walls of the through hole one and the through hole two, respectively.

6. The fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block for new energy vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the photosensitive element (331) and the light-emitting element (37) are opposite each other and at the same horizontal height, the bottom surface of the adjusting seat (33) and the bottom surface of the adsorption element (52) are also in the same plane. The pressure rod (531) is farthest from the top surface of the buffer block. The connecting shaft (551) and the connecting sleeve (542) are also in the opposite position and can be connected together in this state. At this time, the test mechanism (5) is located at the initial position of the test. During the test, the lifting seat (51) and the adjusting seat (33) are always connected as one unit. The guide bolt (751) connected to the adjusting arm (541) is located in the vertical upward position. The guide bolt (751) connected to the adjusting arm (62) is located in the horizontal direction. At this time, the test mechanism (6) is farthest from the position of the buffer block. When the lifting seat (51) and the adjusting seat (33) make sliding contact, the test has ended or has not started. When the adjusting seat (33) moves to contact the lower limiting ring (321), the distance between the two pressure rods (531) is the largest. When the adjusting seat (33) moves to contact the upper limiting ring (321), the distance between the two pressure rods (531) is the smallest. During the test, the distance between the two pressure rods (531) is always kept to the minimum and will not contact the vertical axis on the fixing part (2).

7. A test method for a fatigue testing fixture for a shock absorber buffer block for a new energy vehicle based on claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, the buffer block to be tested is installed upside down on the fixing part (2), and the lifting seat (51) is adjusted from the highest position to the initial position of the test by the vertical downward movement of the adjusting seat (33). The connecting shaft one (551) is connected and matched with the connecting sleeve (542). At the same time, the position of the connecting shaft two (612) is adjusted according to the distance between the pressure rod (531) and the top surface of the buffer block. S2. Next, by controlling the rotation of the drive gear (72), the two rotating disks (74) are rotated synchronously. The movement of the adjusting arm one (541) and the adjusting arm two (62) is controlled by the guide bolts (751) on both sides, so that the pressure rod (531) and the mounting seat (61) move towards the buffer block synchronously and apply force, thereby simulating the effect of the force generated on the buffer block by the shock absorber and braking inertia when the vehicle decelerates and passes over the speed bump. S3. Then, after the test, control the two guide bolts (751) to move to the initial position and stop. Then, make the connecting shaft (551) leave the connecting sleeve (542) and disconnect the suction between the lifting seat (51) and the adjusting seat (33). Then continue to adjust the lifting seat (51) downward to the lowest position and control the pressure rods (531) on both sides to clamp the buffer block. After clamping, move upward to the highest position and stop. Take away the buffer block, measure and test the inner diameter of the middle hole of the buffer block, and determine the wear degree of the buffer block when the vehicle decelerates over the speed bump based on the inner diameter error.

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