Method for determining mangrove forest leaf feeding rate of benthonic animals
By measuring the initial moisture content and post-immersion loss rate of mangrove leaves, combined with tidal soaking and feeding time, using nylon mesh bag limits to calculate the food intake of benthic animals according to the situation, solving the problem of large error in measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals in the existing technology, and achieving accurate feeding rate determination.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510253776.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
AI Technical Summary
The prior art cannot accurately determine the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves, especially when the leaves are fed a small amount, the calculation results are relatively large.
The initial moisture content measurement, the loss rate after immersion and the moisture content after immersion are collected, and the feeding intake of the blades is calculated separately according to different feeding conditions. The nylon mesh bag limit blades are used, combined with the tide water soaking and feeding time, and it is divided into three situations: total food, partial food and small amount of food for accurate calculation.
Accurate determination of the feeding rate of mangrove leaves by benthic animals is achieved, reducing errors and improving measurement accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN120293759A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mangroves, and particularly to a method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves. Background Art
[0002] Mangroves are ecological buffer zones between land and sea, with high productivity and rich biodiversity.
[0003] As the primary producers of the estuarine ecosystem, mangroves support vast terrestrial and marine life systems, provide food sources for organisms in the sea area and the land-sea transitional zone, and also provide habitats for birds, insects, fish, shrimps, shellfishes, etc. to inhabit and reproduce, and form complex food chain and food web relationships.
[0004] The litter of mangrove plants, especially fallen leaves, directly or indirectly provides food sources for animals within the mangrove ecosystem and adjacent systems. Benthic animals in mangroves play an important role in the food chain of the mangrove ecosystem through their feeding, and complete the transfer of energy and nutrients in the system from the basic mangrove litter debris in the food chain to higher-level consumers. Therefore, studying the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves is of great significance for studying the mangrove ecosystem.
[0005] Currently, the method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals generally subtracts the dry weight of the recovered leaves after being fed from the initial dry weight of the laid leaves. This measurement method is relatively rough and cannot accurately measure the feeding rate of benthic animals. For example, the dry weight of the laid leaves is generally obtained by converting the moisture content of the leaves. When only a small amount of the leaves is fed, the error generated in calculating the dry weight of the laid leaves may be higher than the amount of food eaten by the animals, resulting in errors in the calculation results and even negative values.
[0006] In view of the existence of the above problems, it is necessary to study a method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves, which can effectively measure the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves. Summary of the Invention
[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves, which can effectively measure the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves.
[0008] To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is: A method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves, which includes: Leaf sampling step: Collect fresh fallen leaves in the mangroves to be detected, and clean and dry the collected leaves; Initial moisture content measurement step of the leaves: First, randomly select at least 10 leaves from the collected leaves for the determination of the initial moisture content. The leaves used for the determination of the initial moisture content are recorded as the first test leaf sample; Secondly, weigh the total fresh weight of the first test leaf sample W S ; Then, dry the first test leaf sample and weigh the total dry weight W D ; Finally, calculate the initial moisture content based on the total fresh weight W S and the total dry weight W D of the first test leaf sample; C W ; Steps for determining the post - immersion loss rate and post - immersion moisture content of leaves: First, randomly select at least 10 leaves from the collected leaves for the determination of the post - immersion loss rate and post - immersion moisture content of leaves. The leaves used for the determination of the post - immersion loss rate and post - immersion moisture content of leaves are recorded as the second test leaf sample, and weigh the initial total fresh weight of the second test leaf sample W L0 ; Secondly, evenly divide the second test leaf sample into at least three mesh bags; Then, evenly spread each mesh bag on the surface of the mangrove forest for detection, and limit the position of the mesh bag; Next, after a preset tidal immersion time, retrieve each mesh bag from the surface of the mangrove forest for detection, and take out the second test leaf sample in each mesh bag for cleaning and drying; Then, weigh the final total fresh weight of the second test leaf sample W Lw ; Then, dry the second test leaf sample and weigh the final total dry weight of the second test leaf sample W LD ; Finally, based on the initial total fresh weight W L0 , the final total fresh weight W Lw and the final total dry weight W LD of the second test leaf sample, as well as the initial moisture content C W , calculate the post - immersion loss rate L and the post - immersion moisture content C L ; Steps for determining the feeding rate: First, randomly select a preset number of leaves from the collected leaves for the determination of the feeding rate. The leaves used for the feeding rate determination are denoted as the third test leaf sample. Number each leaf of the third test leaf sample and weigh them accordingly to obtain the initial mass of each leaf. W Ci , where i refers to the corresponding number of each leaf of the third test leaf sample; Secondly, evenly lay each leaf of the third test leaf sample on the surface of the mangrove forest for detection, and limit the leaves. Then, after a preset feeding time, retrieve the remaining part of the third test leaf sample from the surface of the mangrove forest for detection, and clean and dry the remaining part of the third test leaf sample. Finally, calculate the feeding amount of benthic animals for each leaf of the third test leaf sample respectively, and calculate the total feeding rate of benthic animals for each leaf of the third test leaf sample. The feeding amount of benthic animals for each leaf of the third test leaf sample W Li is calculated as follows: If the i leaf is a completely eaten leaf, the feeding amount of benthic animals for the i leaf W Li is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Ci × ( 1 -C W ) ; The completely eaten leaf is a leaf that is completely eaten by benthic animals or dragged away by benthic animals; If the i leaf is a partially eaten leaf, the feeding amount of benthic animals for the i leaf W Li is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Ci × (1 - C W ) ) - W Bi / (1 - L )], W Bi is the dry weight of the remaining part of the leaf; If the i The leaf is a leaf that has been slightly grazed. The amount of grazing W i by benthic animals on this Li leaf is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Si ×[(1 - C L ) / (1 - L )], W Si where Si is the dry weight of fragments with an area equivalent to that of the grazed part, cut from the area symmetric to the leaf vein of the slightly grazed leaf part on this leaf; The total grazing rate of each leaf of the benthic animals on this third - tested leaf sample FR is calculated as follows: FR =(∑ W Li ) / ( ∑ W Ci ×(1 - C W )]×100%.
[0009] The method of collecting fresh - fallen leaves in the mangrove forest to be tested is as follows: Collect fresh, naturally - fallen leaves on the ground of the mangrove forest to be tested; Or, first shake the mangrove tree trunk in the mangrove forest to be tested, and then collect the fresh leaves that fall on the ground of the mangrove forest to be tested.
[0010] The formula for calculating the initial moisture content C W is: C W = W S / W D ×100%.
[0011] The formula for calculating the post - immersion loss rate of the leaf L is: L =( W L0 × C W - W LD ) / W L0 × C W ; The formula for calculating the post - immersion moisture content of the leaf C L is: C L =(W Lw -[[]] Lw W LD ) / W Lw 。
[0012] The mesh bag is made of nylon, and the number of mesh bags is 3 to 5. The diameter of the holes in the mesh bag is less than 1 mm.
[0013] The method for limiting the leaves is as follows: Connect the petiole of the leaf to the fixture on the ground of the mangrove forest through a thin string; the length of the thin string is 0.5 to 1 meter.
[0014] The method for limiting the mesh bag is as follows: Connect the mesh bag to the roots of the mangrove forest through a rope.
[0015] The leaves that are partially eaten refer to the leaves whose eaten area accounts for more than 10% and less than 100% of the total area of the leaves; The leaves that are slightly eaten refer to the leaves whose eaten area accounts for more than 0 and less than or equal to 10% of the total area of the leaves.
[0016] The steps for measuring the loss rate of leaching and the leaching moisture content of the leaves due to tidal immersion are carried out synchronously with the steps for measuring the feeding rate, and the preset feeding time is the same as the preset tidal immersion time.
[0017] The preset feeding time and the preset tidal immersion time are a complete diurnal tidal cycle, and the preset feeding time and the preset tidal immersion time are not less than 24 hours.
[0018] After adopting the above scheme, the leaves eaten by the benthic animals in the present invention are classified into completely eaten leaves, partially eaten leaves, and slightly eaten leaves according to the eating situation, and the food intake of the completely eaten leaves, partially eaten leaves, and slightly eaten leaves is calculated respectively according to the corresponding calculation formulas and then summarized to measure the total feeding rate. In this way, the eating situation of different leaves can be accurately reflected, and thus the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves can be effectively measured. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments
[0020] In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be elaborated in detail below through specific embodiments.
[0021] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention discloses a method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves, which includes: Leaf sampling steps: Collect fresh fallen leaves from the mangroves to be tested, and wash and dry the collected leaves; Initial moisture content determination steps for the leaves: First, randomly select at least 10 leaves from the collected leaves for the determination of the initial moisture content. The leaves used for the determination of the initial moisture content are denoted as the first test leaf samples; Secondly, weigh the total fresh weight of the first test leaf samples W S ; Then, dry the first test leaf samples and weigh the total dry weight W D ; Finally, based on the total fresh weight W S and the total dry weight W D of the first test leaf samples, calculate the initial moisture content C W . The calculation formula for the initial moisture content C W is: C W = W S / W D ×100% ; Post - immersion loss rate and post - immersion moisture content determination steps for the leaves: First, randomly select at least 10 leaves from the collected leaves for the determination of the post - immersion loss rate and post - immersion moisture content. The leaves used for the determination of the post - immersion loss rate and post - immersion moisture content are denoted as the second test leaf samples, and weigh the initial total fresh weight of the second test leaf samples W L0 ; Secondly, evenly divide the second test leaf samples into at least three mesh bags; Then, evenly spread each mesh bag on the surface of the mangroves to be tested, and limit the mesh bags to prevent them from being carried away by the tide; Next, after a preset tide immersion time, retrieve each mesh bag from the surface of the mangroves to be tested, and take out the second test leaf samples in each mesh bag for cleaning and drying; Then, weigh the final total fresh weight of the second test leaf samples W Lw ; Then, dry the second test leaf samples and weigh the final total dry weight of the second test leaf samples W LD ; Finally, based on the initial total fresh weight of the second tested leaf sample W L0 , the final total fresh weight W Lw and the final total dry weight W LD as well as the initial moisture content C W , the leaf immersion loss rate L and the leaf immersion moisture content C L are calculated; the formula for calculating the leaf immersion loss rate L is: L =( W L0 × C W - W LD ) / W L0 × C W ; the formula for calculating the leaf immersion moisture content C L is: C L =( W Lw - W LD ) / W Lw ; Steps for measuring the feeding rate: First, randomly select a preset number (this preset number is set according to the number of fallen leaves existing per unit area on the surface of mangroves observed in the wild, generally 3 - 10 pieces)) of leaves from the collected leaves for measuring the feeding rate. The leaves used for measuring the feeding rate are denoted as the third tested leaf sample. Each leaf of the third tested leaf sample is numbered and weighed accordingly to obtain the initial mass of each leaf W Ci , where i refers to the corresponding number of each leaf of the third tested leaf sample; Second, evenly spread each leaf of the third tested leaf sample on the surface of the mangroves used for detection, and limit the position of the leaves; Then, after a preset feeding time, retrieve the remaining part of the third tested leaf sample from the surface of the mangroves used for detection, and clean and dry the remaining part of the third tested leaf sample; Finally, calculate the feeding amount of benthic animals for each leaf of the third tested leaf sample respectively, and calculate the total feeding rate of benthic animals for each leaf of the third tested leaf sample; The food intake of benthic animals for each leaf of the third test leaf sample W Li is calculated as follows: If the i leaf is a completely eaten leaf, the food intake of benthic animals for this i leaf W Li is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Ci ×( 1 - C W ) ; The completely eaten leaf is the leaf that is completely eaten by benthic animals or dragged away by benthic animals; If the i leaf is a partially eaten leaf, the food intake of benthic animals for this i leaf W Li is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Ci ×(1 - C W )] - W Bi / (1 - L )], W Bi is the dry weight of the remaining part of this leaf; If the i leaf is a slightly eaten leaf, the food intake W i of benthic animals for this Li leaf is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Si ×[(1 - C L ) / (1 - L )], W Si is the dry weight of the fragment with an area equivalent to the eaten part cut from the area symmetric to the vein of the slightly eaten leaf part on this leaf; The calculation method of the total feeding rate FR of benthic animals for each leaf of this third test leaf sample is: FR =(∑ W Li ) / ( ∑ W Ci ×(1 - C W )]×100%.
[0022] In the present invention, the ingested leaves are classified into completely ingested leaves, partially ingested leaves, and slightly ingested leaves according to the ingestion situation. Then, for the completely ingested leaves, partially ingested leaves, and slightly ingested leaves, the ingestion amounts of benthic animals for them are calculated respectively according to the corresponding calculation formulas, and then the total ingestion rate is summarized and measured. In this way, the ingestion situation of different leaves can be accurately reflected, and thus the ingestion rate of benthic animals for mangrove leaves can be effectively measured.
[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for collecting fresh fallen leaves in the mangrove forest to be detected is as follows: collecting the fresh naturally fallen leaves on the ground of the mangrove forest to be detected; or, first shaking the mangrove tree trunk in the mangrove forest to be detected, and then collecting the fresh fallen leaves on the ground of the mangrove forest to be detected. By setting it like this, the collected leaves are close to the state of natural falling in the field plot. In addition, the withering degrees of the collected leaves are similar to ensure the accuracy of the measurement.
[0024] In the embodiment of the present invention, the determination steps of the tidal water immersion and leaching loss rate and leaching water content of the leaves are carried out synchronously with the ingestion rate determination steps to ensure the relevance of the parameters of the two steps; the preset ingestion time is the same as the preset tidal water immersion time to ensure the loss rate L after leaf immersion C L and the water content after leaf immersion
[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, the mesh bag is made of nylon mesh bag, so that the mesh bag is not easily damaged; the number of mesh bags can be 3 to 5; the pore diameter of the mesh bag is less than 1 mm, so that the mesh bag can pass water and the leaves are not easily dropped out of the mesh bag.
[0026] In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for limiting the mesh bag is as follows: connecting the mesh bag to the root of the mangrove tree through a rope; or, the mesh bag can also be fixed to the surface of the mangrove forest by a stake, and the stake passes through the mesh bag and is inserted into the surface of the mangrove forest.
[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method of limiting the leaves is as follows: connect the petiole of the leaf to a fixture on the mangrove ground (such as a tree trunk or a small wooden stick inserted into the sediment for fixation) through a thin string. The length of the thin string is 0.5 to 1 meter to ensure the activity requirements during the feeding of benthic animals. In addition, when evenly spreading each leaf of the third detected leaf sample on the mangrove ground surface for detection, it is necessary to ensure that the leaf density per unit area of the mangrove ground surface for detection is equivalent to the leaf density of the existing fallen leaves on the mangrove ground surface.
[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, the leaves that are partially eaten refer to the leaves where the area of the eaten part of the leaf accounts for more than 10% and less than 100% of the total area of the leaf; the leaves that are slightly eaten refer to the leaves where the area of the eaten part of the leaf accounts for more than 0 and less than or equal to 10% of the total area of the leaf; the benthic animals are generally crabs.
[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of leaves used for determining the feeding rate can be specifically determined according to the existing stock density of fallen leaves in the study plot.
[0030] The above embodiments and diagrams do not limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field shall be regarded as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves, characterized in that, Including: Leaf sampling step: Collect freshly fallen leaves in the mangrove forest to be detected, and clean and dry the collected leaves. Initial moisture content determination step of leaves: First, randomly select at least 10 leaves from the collected leaves for initial moisture content determination. The leaves used for initial moisture content determination are denoted as the first test leaf samples. Secondly, weigh the total fresh weight of the first detected leaf sample W S ; Then, dry the first detected blade sample and weigh its total dry weight W D ; Finally, based on the total fresh weight of the first detected leaf sample W S and the total dry weight W D calculate the initial moisture content C W ; Post-immersion loss rate and post-immersion moisture content determination step of leaves: First, randomly select at least 10 leaves from the collected leaves for measuring the post-immersion loss rate and post-immersion moisture content of the leaves. The leaves used for measuring the post-immersion loss rate and post-immersion moisture content of the leaves are denoted as the second test leaf sample, and the initial total fresh weight of the second test leaf sample is weighed W L0 ; Secondly, evenly divide the second test leaf samples into at least three mesh bags. Then, evenly spread each mesh bag on the surface of the mangrove forest to be detected, and limit the position of the mesh bags. Next, after a preset tidal immersion time, retrieve each mesh bag from the surface of the mangrove forest to be detected, and take out the second test leaf samples in each mesh bag for cleaning and drying. Next, weigh the final total fresh weight of the second test leaf sample W Lw ; Next, dry the second test leaf sample and then weigh the final total dry weight of the second test leaf sample W LD ; Finally, based on the initial total fresh weight of the second tested leaf sample W L0 , the final total fresh weight W Lw and the final total dry weight W LD as well as the initial moisture content C W , the leaf immersion loss rate L and the leaf moisture content after immersion C L are calculated; Feeding rate determination step: First, randomly select a preset number of leaves from the collected leaves for the determination of the feeding rate. The leaves used for the determination of the feeding rate are denoted as the third test leaf sample. Each leaf of the third test leaf sample is numbered and weighed accordingly to obtain the initial mass of each leaf W Ci , where i refers to the corresponding numbers of each leaf of the third test leaf sample; Secondly, evenly spread each leaf of the third test leaf samples on the surface of the mangrove forest to be detected, and limit the position of the leaves. Then, after a preset feeding time, retrieve the remaining part of the third test leaf samples from the surface of the mangrove forest to be detected, and clean and dry the remaining part of the third test leaf samples. Finally, calculate the feeding amount of benthic animals on each leaf of the third test leaf samples respectively, and calculate the total feeding rate of benthic animals on each leaf of the third test leaf samples. The feeding amount of benthos on each leaf of the third detected leaf sample W Li The calculation method is as follows: If the i leaf is a completely grazed leaf, the benthic invertebrate's i food intake of this W Li leaf is calculated as follows: W Li = W Ci × ( 1 -C W ) ; The leaves that are completely eaten are the leaves that are completely eaten by benthic animals or dragged away by benthic animals. If the i leaf is a partially grazed leaf, the grazing amount of benthic animals on this i leaf W Li is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Ci ×(1 - C W ) )] - W Bi / (1 - L )], W Bi is the dry weight of the remaining part of this leaf; If the i leaf is a leaf that has been slightly grazed, the amount of grazing W i by benthic animals on this Li leaf is calculated by the formula: W Li = W Si ×[(1 - C L ) / (1 - L )], W Si is the dry weight of the fragment with an area equivalent to the grazed part cut from the area symmetric to the leaf vein of the slightly grazed leaf part on this leaf; The total feeding rate of the benthos on each leaf of the third tested leaf sample FR is calculated as follows: FR =(∑ W Li ) / ( ∑ W Ci ×(1- C W )]×100%. 2. The method for measuring the ingestion rate of mangrove leaves by benthic animals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of collecting freshly fallen leaves in the mangrove forest to be detected is: Collect the freshly naturally fallen leaves on the ground of the mangrove forest to be detected; Or, first shake the mangrove tree trunks in the mangrove forest to be detected, and then collect the freshly fallen leaves on the ground of the mangrove forest to be detected.
3. The method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the initial moisture content C W The calculation formula is as follows: C W = W S / W D × 100%.
4. The method for measuring the ingestion rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculated blade immersion loss rate L The calculation formula is as follows: L =( W L0 × C W - W LD ) / W L0 × C W ; Calculated moisture content of the blade after immersion C L The calculation formula is as follows: C L =( W Lw - W LD ) / W Lw .
5. The method for measuring the ingestion rate of mangrove leaves by benthic animals according to claim 1, wherein The mesh bags are made of nylon mesh bags, the number of mesh bags is 3 - 5, and the pore diameter of the mesh bags is less than 1 mm.
6. The method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of limiting the position of the leaves is: Connect the petioles of the leaves to the fixed objects on the mangrove forest ground through thin ropes; the length of the thin ropes is 0.5 - 1 meter.
7. The method for measuring the ingestion rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of limiting the position of the mesh bags is: Connect the mesh bags to the tree roots of the mangrove forest through ropes.
8. The method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leaves that are partially eaten refer to the leaves whose eaten area accounts for more than 10% and less than 100% of the total area of the leaves. The leaves that are slightly eaten refer to the leaves whose eaten area accounts for more than 0% and less than or equal to 10% of the total area of the leaves.
9. The method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves according to claim 1, wherein The post-tidal immersion leaching loss rate and leaching moisture content determination step of the leaves are carried out synchronously with the feeding rate determination step, and the preset feeding time is the same as the preset tidal immersion time.
10. The method for measuring the feeding rate of benthic animals on mangrove leaves as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The preset feeding time and the preset tidal immersion time are a complete diurnal tidal cycle, and the preset feeding time and the preset tidal immersion time are not less than 24 hours.