A soil capillary rise height testing device and its usage method

Abstract

This invention discloses a soil capillary rise height testing device, relating to the field of soil capillary rise height testing technology. It includes a positioning mechanism connected to the upper end of a frame via a second and a first suspension rope. A detection rod is installed in the middle of the positioning mechanism. The positioning mechanism includes a frame, with a first and a second driving assembly on each side, and a rotating assembly on the bottom surface of the frame. One side of the frame is connected to the frame via a fixing assembly. The advantages of this invention are that the positioning mechanism is positioned perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the fixing assembly secures the position of the positioning mechanism, a detection rod is installed inside the positioning mechanism, and then the second driving assembly inserts the detection rod into the ground for testing. The device can quickly obtain the vertical soil moisture content distribution in situ, and rapidly obtain the soil capillary rise height using the plastic limit and moisture content curve intersection method. Simultaneously, the device ensures accurate test results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of water conservancy and hydropower engineering and geotechnical mechanics, and in particular to a soil capillary rise height testing device. Background Technology

[0002] In plains or intermontane basins, the groundwater level along the banks of rivers, lakes, or reservoirs is relatively shallow. When water conservancy projects are constructed and put into operation, causing the water level of rivers and reservoirs to rise, the groundwater level along the banks will rise accordingly, easily leading to soil inundation, damage to building foundations, flooding of farmland, or even submersion. To study and evaluate the degree of inundation disasters, it is necessary to study the capillary rise height of the soil along the banks.

[0003] Traditional methods for measuring capillary rise height include: capillary tube measurement, soil column method, whole specimen method, soil profile observation method, and air-dried soil profile method. These methods all require taking soil samples or digging deep pits on site, resulting in a large workload, long working time, and significant errors.

[0004] Secondly, when the test rod is manually inserted into the ground for testing, it is easy for the rod to tilt below the ground, which will lead to deviations in the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, some simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract, and the title of this application, and such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the invention.

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a soil capillary rise height testing device, which solves the problem of existing devices being able to quickly and accurately measure soil capillary rise height in situ.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a soil capillary rise height testing device, which includes a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism being connected to the upper end of a frame via a second suspension rope and a first suspension rope; a detection rod is installed in the middle of the positioning mechanism;

[0009] The positioning mechanism includes a frame, with a first driving component and a second driving component respectively provided on both sides of the frame, and a rotating component provided on the bottom surface of the frame; one side of the frame is connected to the upright frame through a fixing component.

[0010] The detection rod includes a test tube with several electrodes on it, and the spacing between each electrode is consistent. The upper end of the test tube is provided with a data box, and the lower end of the test tube is provided with a cone.

[0011] The first drive assembly includes a first motor, the output end of the first motor is connected to a long shaft, the other end of the long shaft is provided with a drive gear, a first movable block is slidably sleeved on the long shaft, an infrared emitter is provided on one side of the first movable block, and an infrared receiver is provided on one side of the infrared emitter.

[0012] The rotating assembly includes a gear ring that meshes with the drive gear; the bottom surface of the gear ring is connected to a first connecting collar via a second connecting rod, and the first connecting collar is provided with a telescopic rod, the movable end of which is provided with a pressing head, which is close to the detection rod.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the soil capillary rise height testing device of the present invention, the frame includes a sleeve with a movable connection port, the bottom surface of the sleeve is connected to one end of a first connecting rod, and the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to a bottom ring; the upper end of the sleeve is provided with a limiting protrusion; two side frames are provided at the edge of the bottom ring, and the first driving component and the second driving component are respectively provided on the two side frames;

[0014] The upper end of the sleeve is provided with a limiting protrusion.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the soil capillary rise height testing device of the present invention, the fixing component includes a housing, a side groove on one side of the housing, a sliding rod inside the housing, one end of the sliding rod being connected to the frame, and the other end of the sliding rod being placed inside the upright; one end of the housing is connected to the upright.

[0016] The sliding rod is provided with a first fixing port and a second fixing port, and a ball bearing is provided between the sliding rod and the inner wall of the housing.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the soil capillary rise height testing device of the present invention, the second drive component includes a second motor, the output end of the second motor is connected to a lead screw, the lead screw is provided with a second movable block, and the other end of the lead screw is movably connected to the bottom surface of the frame.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the soil capillary rise height testing device of the present invention, the connecting component is placed at the upper end of the frame;

[0019] The connecting assembly includes a second connecting collar, with side connecting blocks on both sides of the second connecting collar, and the inner wall of the second connecting collar is connected to the detection rod through a fixing head.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the soil capillary rise height testing device of the present invention, the lower end of the upright frame is provided with a groove, an adjustment frame is provided in the groove, the upper end of the adjustment frame is movably connected to the inner wall of the groove, and the other end of the adjustment frame is provided with a pad; the bottom surface of the upright frame is also provided with a level detector.

[0021] One end of the first suspension rope is movably connected to the upright frame, and the other end is connected to multiple second suspension ropes. The other end of the second suspension rope is movably connected to the upper end of the positioning mechanism.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the soil capillary rise height testing device of the present invention, data is transmitted between the electrode and the data box via wires.

[0023] A method for using a soil capillary rise height testing device includes,

[0024] Step S1: Assemble the equipment on site, install the stand at a specific location, adjust the position of the positioning mechanism, and then install the detection rod inside the positioning mechanism.

[0025] Step S2: At the selected test location, use the second drive assembly to press the test rod into the ground;

[0026] Step S3: Turn on the switch to power the test rod electrodes. After the panel displays normal data, use the host computer software to record the test data.

[0027] Step S4: Plot the soil moisture content data obtained from the test along the depth direction, and simultaneously plot the soil plastic limit moisture content and saturated moisture content. Calculate the capillary rise height using the following formula.

[0028] H = H C -H q :

[0029] In the formula, H is the capillary rise height. c H represents the depth corresponding to saturated water content. q This represents the depth corresponding to the plastic limit moisture content.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses a positioning mechanism to locate the detection location. Under the action of the first suspension rope and the weight of the positioning mechanism itself, it is in a state perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The position of the positioning mechanism is fixed by a fixing component. Then, a detection rod for detection is installed inside the positioning mechanism. Then, the detection rod is inserted into the ground by the second drive component to perform the detection work.

[0031] The device can quickly obtain the vertical moisture content distribution of soil in situ, and use the intersection method of plastic limit and moisture content curves to quickly obtain the capillary rise height of soil. At the same time, the device can ensure that the test results are accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the soil capillary rise height testing device;

[0034] Figure 2 One of the schematic diagrams of the positioning mechanism of a soil capillary rise height testing device;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram 2 of the positioning mechanism of the soil capillary rise height testing device;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the sleeve of the soil capillary rise height testing device;

[0037] Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of a soil capillary rise height testing device;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection rod in a soil capillary rise height testing device;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the fixed component structure of the soil capillary rise height testing device;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of capillary rise height using a soil capillary rise height testing device.

[0041] Marked in the image:

[0042] 100. Positioning mechanism; 101. Frame; 102. Rotating assembly; 103. Fixing assembly; 104. First drive assembly; 105. Second drive assembly; 106. Connecting assembly; 200. Stand; 201. Adjusting frame; 202. First lifting rope; 203. Second lifting rope; 204. Level detector; 205. Foot pad; 101a. Sleeve; 101b. Movable connection port; 101c. First connecting rod; 101d. Bottom ring; 101e. Limiting protrusion; 101f. Side frame; 102a. Toothed ring; 102b. Second connecting rod; 102c. First connecting collar; 102d. Telescopic rod; 102e. Extrusion head; 10 3a. Housing; 103b. Sliding rod; 103c. Side groove; 103d. First fixing port; 103e. Second fixing port; 103f. Ball bearing; 104a. First motor; 104b. Long shaft; 104c. Drive gear; 104d. Infrared transmitter; 104e. Infrared receiver; 104f. First movable block; 105a. Second motor; 105b. Lead screw; 105c. Second movable block; 106a. Second connecting collar; 106b. Side connecting block; 106c. Fixing head; 300. Detection rod; 301. Test main tube; 302. Electrode; 303. Cone; 304. Data box; 305. Wire. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0045] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 8 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a soil capillary rise height testing device, which includes a positioning mechanism 100. The positioning mechanism 100 is connected to the upper end of the frame 200 through a second suspension rope 203 and a first suspension rope 202. A detection rod 300 is installed in the middle of the positioning mechanism 100.

[0048] The positioning mechanism 100 includes a frame 101, with a first drive assembly 104 and a second drive assembly 105 respectively on both sides of the frame 101, and a rotating assembly 102 on the bottom surface of the frame 101; one side of the frame 101 is connected to the upright 200 through a fixing assembly 103.

[0049] Preferably, the main test rod is a thick-walled hollow stainless steel tube, 1500mm long, with an inner diameter of Ф30mm and an outer diameter of Ф60mm. Holes are drilled on one side of the test rod at 50mm, 150mm, 250mm, 350mm, 450mm, 550mm, 650mm, 750mm, 850mm, 950mm, 1050mm, 1150mm, 1250mm, 1350mm, and 1450mm to install sensors. A continuous thread with a pitch of 2mm is arranged in the holes. Four turns of thread with a pitch of 4mm are arranged in the inner holes at both ends of the main test rod.

[0050] The detection rod 300 includes a test tube 301, on which a plurality of electrodes 302 are provided, with the spacing between each electrode 302 being consistent; a data box 304 is provided at the upper end of the test tube 301, and a cone 303 is provided at the lower end of the test tube 301.

[0051] Preferably, the drill bit is a solid stainless steel machined part with a cone length of 90mm, a cone angle of 18.4°, and a fixed connection bolt at the tail. The bolt has a diameter of Ф30mm, a length of 10mm, an external thread with a pitch of 4mm, and 4 turns. The external part has a spiral groove. The cone is connected to the head of the test rod.

[0052] Preferably, the electrode is a copper pillar embedded in insulating resin, with a wire connected to the tail of the copper pillar. The wire passes through the center hole of the test main rod and leads to the data box at the tail. The copper pillar has a diameter of Ф8mm and a height of 10mm, embedded in the center of the insulating resin. The insulating resin cylinder has a diameter of Ф15mm and a height of 15mm, with a continuous thread on its surface and a thread pitch of 2mm. The insulating resin cylinder with the embedded copper pillar is fixedly installed in the opening of the test main rod. The copper pillar, the wire, and the stainless steel test main rod constitute the test circuit.

[0053] Preferably, the data box is a stainless steel component with an outer diameter of Ф60mm and a wall thickness of 5mm. It has a bottom-fixed connecting stud with a diameter of Ф30mm, a pitch of 4mm, and a length of 10mm. The upper opening of the data box has 2.5 turns of thread with a pitch of 2mm. Inside the data box is a data acquisition chip. The chip's input side connects to the wires of all 15 electrodes, and its output side provides a 485 signal, connecting to a display and a USB interface on the cover. The data box also houses a 5V rechargeable battery and the acquisition chip, which connects to the wires of the 15 electrodes on the test main rod.

[0054] The first drive assembly 104 includes a first motor 104a, the output end of the first motor 104a is connected to a long shaft 104b, the other end of the long shaft 104b is provided with a drive gear 104c, a first movable block 104f is slidably sleeved on the long shaft 104b, an infrared emitter 104d is provided on one side of the first movable block 104f, and an infrared receiver 104e is provided on one side of the infrared emitter 104d.

[0055] Preferably, the infrared transmitter 104d and the infrared receiver 104e are in a state of mutual data transmission during the insertion of the detection rod 300, detecting the position of the infrared transmitter 104d. When the position of the infrared transmitter 104d stops, the first motor 104a will start. At the same time, the fixing head 106c releases the detection rod 300, the pressing head 102e is fixed to the detection rod 300, the second motor 105a stops working, and the rotating cone head 303 breaks the hard object.

[0056] When the position of the infrared emitting head 104d continues to change, the device returns to the state when the insertion detection rod 300 is in place.

[0057] The rotating assembly 102 includes a gear ring 102a, which meshes with a drive gear 104c; the bottom surface of the gear ring 102a is connected to a first connecting sleeve 102c via a second connecting rod 102b, and a telescopic rod 102d is provided on the first connecting sleeve 102c, with a pressing head 102e at the movable end of the telescopic rod 102d, which is close to the detection rod 300.

[0058] Preferably, the upper end of the gear ring 102a is movably connected to the bottom surface of the bottom ring 101d; the drive gear 104c drives the gear ring 102a to rotate by a multiple of 180 degrees.

[0059] The frame 101 includes a sleeve 101a, which has a movable connection port 101b. The bottom surface of the sleeve 101a is connected to one end of the first connecting rod 101c, and the other end of the first connecting rod 101c is connected to the bottom ring 101d. The upper end of the sleeve 101a has a limiting protrusion 101e. The bottom ring 101d has two side frames 101f at its edge, and the two side frames 101f are respectively provided with a first drive assembly 104 and a second drive assembly 105.

[0060] The upper end of the sleeve 101a is provided with a limiting protrusion 101e.

[0061] Preferably, when the detection rod 300 is installed into the sleeve 101a, the limiting protrusion 101e can ensure that the detection rod 300 is in a neutral position within the sleeve 101a.

[0062] The fixing component 103 includes a housing 103a, a side groove 103c on one side of the housing 103a, a sliding rod 103b inside the housing 103a, one end of the sliding rod 103b being connected to the frame 101, and the other end of the sliding rod 103b being placed inside the upright 200; one end of the housing 103a is connected to the upright 200.

[0063] The sliding rod 103b is provided with a first fixing port 103d and a second fixing port 103e, and a ball bearing 103f is provided between the sliding rod 103b and the inner wall of the housing 103a.

[0064] The second drive assembly 105 includes a second motor 105a, the output end of the second motor 105a is connected to a lead screw 105b, the lead screw 105b is provided with a second movable block 105c, and the other end of the lead screw 105b is movably connected to the bottom surface of the frame 101.

[0065] The connecting component 106 is placed at the upper end of the frame 101;

[0066] The connecting assembly 106 includes a second connecting collar 106a, with side connecting blocks 106b on both sides of the second connecting collar 106a. The inner wall of the second connecting collar 106a is connected to the detection rod 300 through a fixing head 106c.

[0067] The lower side of the upright frame 200 is provided with a groove, and an adjusting frame 201 is provided in the groove. The upper end of the adjusting frame 201 is movably connected to the inner wall of the groove, and the other end of the adjusting frame 201 is provided with a pad 205; the bottom surface of the upright frame 200 is also provided with a level measuring instrument 204.

[0068] Preferably, both sides of the upright 200 are provided with adjustment brackets 201. When installing the upright 200, the position of the upright 200 is adjusted by adjusting the adjustment brackets 201 so that one of the two level detectors 204 that displays the front and rear level states is in a level state.

[0069] One end of the first suspension rope 202 is movably connected to the upright frame 200, and the other end is connected to multiple second suspension ropes 203. The other end of the second suspension rope 203 is movably connected to the upper end of the positioning mechanism 100.

[0070] Data is transmitted between electrode 302 and data box 304 via wire 305.

[0071] Preferably, when the positioning mechanism 100 is in a stable state, the sliding rod 103b may be in a pulled-out state, at which time it is fixed to the side groove 103c by bolts through the first fixing port 103d or the second fixing port 103e.

[0072] Preferably, the device has a built-in controller, the model of which is GPU222XP.

[0073] Preferably, the frame 101 has a symmetrical structure, and the first drive component 104 and the second drive component 105 have the same weight.

[0074] A method for using a soil capillary rise height testing device includes,

[0075] Step S1: Assemble the equipment on site, install the stand 200 at a specific location, adjust the position of the positioning mechanism 100, and then install the detection rod 300 inside the positioning mechanism 100.

[0076] Step S2: At the selected test location, the test rod is pressed into the ground using the second drive assembly 105;

[0077] Step S3: Turn on the switch to power the test rod electrodes. After the panel displays normal data, use the host computer software to record the test data.

[0078] Step S4: Plot the soil moisture content data obtained from the test along the depth direction, and simultaneously plot the soil plastic limit moisture content and saturated moisture content. Calculate the capillary rise height using the following formula.

[0079] H = H C -H q :

[0080] In the formula, H is the capillary rise height. c H represents the depth corresponding to saturated water content. q This represents the depth corresponding to the plastic limit moisture content.

[0081] Before use, select typical soil types such as clay soil, loam, and sandy loam, and follow a set of...

[0082] Given a known moisture content, calibrate the test rod to obtain a calibration curve for the corresponding soil type.

[0083] During operation, the test rod, soil, electrode, and wire form a circuit as shown in the figure below. The voltage of the soil at a specific length between the test rod and the electrode is measured, converted into conductivity using the internal circuit, and then converted into soil moisture content.

[0084] In summary, the device uses a positioning mechanism 100 to locate the detection location. Under the action of the first suspension rope 202 and the weight of the positioning mechanism 100 itself, it is in a state perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The position of the positioning mechanism 100 is fixed by the fixing component 103. Then, a detection rod 300 for detection is installed inside the positioning mechanism 100. Then, the detection rod 300 is inserted into the ground by the second drive component 105 to perform the detection work.

[0085] The device can quickly obtain the vertical moisture content distribution of soil in situ, and use the intersection method of plastic limit and moisture content curves to quickly obtain the capillary rise height of soil. At the same time, the device can ensure that the test results are accurate.

[0086] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil capillary rise height testing device, characterized in that: include, A positioning mechanism (100) is connected to the upper end of the upright (200) via a second suspension rope (203) and a first suspension rope (202); a detection rod (300) is installed in the middle of the positioning mechanism (100). The positioning mechanism (100) includes a frame (101), with a first drive assembly (104) and a second drive assembly (105) respectively on both sides of the frame (101), and a rotating assembly (102) on the bottom surface of the frame (101); one side of the frame (101) is connected to the upright (200) through a fixing assembly (103). The detection rod (300) includes a test tube (301), on which a plurality of electrodes (302) are provided, with the spacing between each electrode (302) being consistent; a data box (304) is provided at the upper end of the test tube (301), and a cone (303) is provided at the lower end of the test tube (301). The first drive assembly (104) includes a first motor (104a), the output end of the first motor (104a) is connected to a long shaft (104b), the other end of the long shaft (104b) is provided with a drive gear (104c), a first movable block (104f) is slidably sleeved on the long shaft (104b), an infrared emitter (104d) is provided on one side of the first movable block (104f), and an infrared receiver (104e) is provided on one side of the infrared emitter (104d). The rotating assembly (102) includes a gear ring (102a) that meshes with the drive gear (104c); the bottom surface of the gear ring (102a) is connected to a first connecting collar (102c) via a second connecting rod (102b), and the first connecting collar (102c) is provided with a telescopic rod (102d), the movable end of the telescopic rod (102d) is provided with a pressing head (102e), and the pressing head (102e) is close to the detection rod (300); The frame (101) includes a sleeve (101a), which has a movable connection port (101b). The bottom surface of the sleeve (101a) is connected to one end of a first connecting rod (101c), and the other end of the first connecting rod (101c) is connected to a bottom ring (101d). The upper end of the sleeve (101a) has a limiting protrusion (101e). The bottom ring (101d) has two side frames (101f) at its edge, and the two side frames (101f) are respectively provided with the first drive assembly (104) and the second drive assembly (105). The upper end of the sleeve (101a) is provided with a limiting protrusion (101e). The second drive assembly (105) includes a second motor (105a), the output end of which is connected to a lead screw (105b), a second movable block (105c) is provided on the lead screw (105b), and the other end of the lead screw (105b) is movably connected to the bottom surface of the frame (101). The connecting component (106) is placed at the upper end of the frame (101); The connecting assembly (106) includes a second connecting collar (106a), with side connecting blocks (106b) on both sides of the second connecting collar (106a), and the inner wall of the second connecting collar (106a) is connected to the detection rod (300) through a fixing head (106c).

2. The soil capillary rise height testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing component (103) includes a housing (103a), one side of which is provided with a side groove (103c), and a sliding rod (103b) is provided inside the housing (103a). One end of the sliding rod (103b) is connected to the frame (101), and the other end of the sliding rod (103b) is placed inside the upright (200); one end of the housing (103a) is connected to the upright (200). The sliding rod (103b) is provided with a first fixing port (103d) and a second fixing port (103e), and a ball bearing (103f) is provided between the sliding rod (103b) and the inner wall of the housing (103a).

3. The soil capillary rise height testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side of the upright frame (200) is provided with a groove, and an adjusting frame (201) is provided in the groove. The upper end of the adjusting frame (201) is movably connected to the inner wall of the groove, and the other end of the adjusting frame (201) is provided with a pad (205); the bottom surface of the upright frame (200) is also provided with a level detector (204). One end of the first suspension rope (202) is movably connected to the upright frame (200), and the other end is connected to a plurality of second suspension ropes (203). The other end of the second suspension rope (203) is movably connected to the upper end of the positioning mechanism (100).

4. The soil capillary rise height testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Data is transmitted between the electrode (302) and the data box (304) via a wire (305).

5. The soil capillary rise height testing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing component (103) is arc-shaped and is located on a circular trajectory centered on the connection point between the first suspension rope (202) and the upright frame (200).

6. A method for testing soil capillary rise height using the soil capillary rise height device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include, Step S1: Assemble the equipment on site, install the stand (200) at a specific location, adjust the position of the positioning mechanism (100), and then install the detection rod (300) inside the positioning mechanism (100); Step S2: At the selected test location, the test rod is pressed into the ground using the second drive assembly (105); Step S3: Turn on the switch to power the test rod electrodes. After the panel displays normal data, use the host computer software to record the test data. Step S4: Plot the soil moisture content data obtained from the test along the depth direction, and simultaneously plot the soil plastic limit moisture content and saturated moisture content. Calculate the capillary rise height using the following formula. In the formula, H For capillary rise height, H c This represents the depth corresponding to saturated water content. H q This represents the depth corresponding to the plastic limit moisture content.

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