Urban park annual carbon balance assessment method

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban park annual carbon balance assessment method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological environment quality assessment. Firstly, urban park annual carbon absorption amount is calculated; and calculating the annual carbon emission of the urban park, and finally obtaining the carbon balance coefficient of the urban park by using the ratio of the carbon emission to the carbon absorption amount as the basis for judging the carbon balance. According to the method for efficiently evaluating the annual carbon balance of the urban park, the problem that urban park carbon balance evaluation in the past is not comprehensive and accurate is solved, and a scientific basis can be provided for park updating construction and later operation and maintenance management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment quality assessment, and particularly relates to an annual carbon balance assessment method for urban parks. Background Art

[0002] Parks have a high green space coverage rate, play an important role in urban carbon reduction and carbon sink increase, and undertake multiple functions of providing social well-being. Thus, while providing leisure and recreation services, urban parks are also accompanied by a large amount of carbon emissions. In recent years, the research on the carbon balance of urban parks has focused on the whole life cycle, with a time span of mostly 30 - 50 years. However, the construction and operation and maintenance of urban parks is a long-term process, and the assessment from the perspective of the whole life cycle lacks accuracy to a certain extent and is also at odds with the actual situation; in addition, the past carbon balance assessments have been limited to discussing the internal green spaces of parks, confined to the assessment of carbon absorption by green spaces and the carbon emissions generated during their maintenance, and the urban park elements involved in the assessment are not comprehensive and systematic. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention discloses an annual carbon balance assessment method for urban parks to efficiently, accurately and comprehensively calculate the annual carbon balance coefficient of urban parks and guide the renewal construction, operation and maintenance of parks.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] An annual carbon balance assessment method for urban parks, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Calculate the annual carbon absorption of the urban park, including establishing an empirical statistical model between NDVI and LAI, inversely deriving the LAI values of trees and shrubs in the urban park, calculating the vegetation coverage area in combination with high-resolution satellite images, and then calculating the total leaf area, daily carbon sink of vegetation and annual carbon absorption of vegetation;

[0007] S2. Calculate the annual carbon emissions of the urban park, including the carbon emissions of landscape water bodies and green waste in the natural part, as well as the carbon emissions generated during irrigation, fertilization, pesticide application, lighting and building operation and maintenance in the human part;

[0008] S3. Compare the annual carbon emissions with the annual carbon absorption to obtain the annual carbon balance coefficient of the urban park.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the calculation of the total leaf area includes:

[0010] First, an empirical statistical model is established between NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, hereinafter referred to as NDVI) and LAI (Leaf Area Index, hereinafter referred to as LAI), and the LAI values of trees and shrubs in urban parks are retrieved through inversion; then, the support vector machine method is used to process high-resolution satellite images of urban parks in ENVI (The Environment for Visualizing Images, hereinafter referred to as ENVI) software, and the covered areas S of trees and shrubs in urban parks are calculated; finally, the total leaf surface area LA (Leaf Area, hereinafter referred to as LA) of trees and shrubs is calculated using the total leaf area calculation formula. The total leaf area calculation formula is as follows:

[0011] LA = LAI i *S i

[0012] In the formula, LA is the total leaf surface area of vegetation (m 2 ); S is the covered area of vegetation (m 2 ); i is different vegetation types.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, for the establishment of the empirical statistical model of NDVI and LAI, first, 30 measured LAI sample points are randomly selected in the green spaces of urban parks, and the measured sample plots are determined with the geometric centers of the sample points. The shape of the measured sample plot is a square or approximately square with a size of 10 * 10 m. In the measured sample plot, a canopy analyzer is used to measure trees and shrubs to obtain the LAI value of the sample plot. Secondly, based on the high-resolution satellite images of urban parks, the "Image Analysis" function of ArcGIS (Arc Geographic Information System, hereinafter referred to as ArcGIS) software is used to calculate the NDVI value corresponding to the measured sample plot;

[0014] Among them, the NDVI calculation formula is:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, NIR and R respectively correspond to the near-infrared spectral and red spectral channels in remote sensing image data;

[0017] After that, SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions, statistical software package for social sciences) is used to analyze the NDVI and LAI values of the measured sample plots to obtain the empirical statistical model of NDVI and LAI, and finally the average values of LAI of trees and shrubs are obtained.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the calculation formula for the daily carbon sink of vegetation is as follows:

[0019] C d = LA * P n

[0020] In the formula, C d is the daily carbon absorption of vegetation (kg); LA is the total leaf surface area of vegetation (m 2 ²); P n is the average carbon fixation rate per unit leaf area of the nth plant (kg / m 2 ²);

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the annual carbon absorption of vegetation is the product of the daily carbon absorption of arbors and shrubs and the number of days of effective photosynthesis in a year. The number of days of effective photosynthesis in a year is the total number of days of photosynthesis in a year minus the winter defoliation period and the number of days when the rainfall exceeds 5 mm. The calculation formula is as follows: CS = (C d,t + C d,s ) * t e

[0022] t e = t a - t w - t r

[0023] In the formula: CS is the annual carbon absorption of the park (kg); C d,t is the daily carbon absorption of arbors (kg); C d,s is the daily carbon absorption of shrubs (kg); t e is the number of days of effective photosynthesis of plants in a year (d); t a is the total number of days of photosynthesis in a year (d); t w is the number of days of winter defoliation (d); t r is the number of days when the rainfall exceeds 5 mm in a year (d).

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the carbon emissions of the natural part include the carbon emissions of landscape water bodies and the treatment of green waste.

[0025] The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of the landscape water body is:

[0026] C R,w = k w * b w

[0027] C R,w represents the carbon emissions of the landscape water body (kg); k w represents the carbon emission coefficient of the landscape water body; b wRepresents the area of the landscape water body (m 2 );

[0028] The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of treating green waste is:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, C R,g represents the carbon emissions of green waste (kg); b g represents the area of green waste (m 2 ); v represents the amount of green waste generated in the park per year (kg / m 2 ); 3.66 is a constant, and every 1 mg of organic carbon is equivalent to 3.66 mg of CO2.

[0031] As a further improvement of the present invention, the carbon emissions of the human part include the carbon emissions generated during irrigation, fertilization, pesticide application, lighting, and building operation and maintenance. The calculation formula for the irrigation is:

[0032] C E,i = 0.001 * q * b i * k i * t I

[0033] In the formula: C E,i represents the carbon emissions of irrigation (kg); q represents the watering quota, taking 2 L / m 2 * d; b i represents the area of irrigation (m 2 ); k i represents the carbon emission coefficient of irrigation; t I represents the number of days of irrigation (d);

[0034] The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of fertilization is:

[0035] C E,f = a b,f * b f * k f * n b,f + a t,f * b f * k f * n t,f

[0036] In the formula: C E,f represents the carbon emissions of fertilization (kg); a b,f represents the base fertilizer application rate (kg / m 2 ); b f represents the area of fertilization (m 2 ); k f represents the carbon emission coefficient of fertilization; nb,f Indicates the number of base fertilizer applications (times); a t,f Indicates the amount of topdressing fertilizer (kg / m 2 ); n t,f Indicates the number of topdressing applications (times);

[0037] The carbon emission calculation formula for pesticide application is as follows:

[0038] C E,p = b p * h * k p * m

[0039] In the formula: C E,p Indicates the carbon emissions of pesticide application (kg); k p Indicates the carbon emission coefficient of pesticide application; b p Indicates the area of pesticide application (m 2 ); h indicates the amount of pesticide used (kg / m 2 ); m indicates the number of pesticide application times (times);

[0040] The carbon emission calculation formula for lighting is as follows:

[0041] N = Q * b l / O * U * K

[0042] C E,l = t3 * W * N * k l

[0043] In the formula: N indicates the number of lamps (pieces); Q indicates the illuminance (lx); b l Indicates the area of lighting (m 2 ); O is the luminous flux of the light source (lm); U indicates the utilization factor, taking 0.4; K indicates the maintenance factor, taking 0.7; C E,l Indicates the carbon emissions of lighting (kg); t3 indicates the lighting time of the park (h); W indicates the average power of each lamp (w); k l Indicates the carbon emission coefficient of lighting;

[0044] The carbon emission calculation formula for building operation and maintenance is as follows:

[0045] C E,b = n * k b

[0046] In the formula: C E,b Indicates the carbon emissions of building operation and maintenance (kg); n indicates the floor area of the park building (m 2 ); k b Indicates the carbon emission coefficient of the building.

[0047] As a further improvement of the present invention, the carbon balance coefficient (CBC) is obtained from the ratio between the carbon emission (CE) and the carbon sequestration (CS), and the formula is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] 1. Solve the problem of difficult acquisition of traditional assessment data. Combining remote sensing satellite image technology and using tools such as canopy analyzers can significantly reduce the workload of on-site measurement, saving time and capital investment.

[0051] 2. Cover all the elements involved in the comprehensive and systematic carbon balance assessment of urban parks, improving the accuracy of the assessment. Description of the Drawings

[0052] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for annual carbon balance assessment of an urban park provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 is the NDVI value of Xuanwu Lake Park in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 is the LAI value of Xuanwu Lake Park in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 is the land use type map of Xuanwu Lake Park in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0056] The following further clarifies the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0057] This embodiment takes Xuanwu Lake Park in Nanjing as an example to conduct carbon balance assessment.

[0058] As Figure 1 shown, a method for annual carbon balance assessment of an urban park according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0059] 1. Obtain the basic data of Xuanwu Lake Park in Nanjing and calculate the annual carbon sequestration of the urban park, including establishing an empirical statistical model between NDVI and LAI, inversely calculating the LAI values of trees and shrubs in the urban park, and combining high-resolution satellite images to calculate the vegetation coverage area, and then calculating the total leaf area, daily carbon sink of vegetation and annual carbon sequestration of vegetation;

[0060] (1) The calculation of the total leaf area includes: First, establish an empirical statistical model between NDVI and LAI, and invert the LAI values of trees and shrubs in urban parks; then, use the support vector machine method to process high-resolution satellite images of urban parks in ENVI software to calculate the covered area S of trees and shrubs in urban parks; finally, use the total leaf area calculation formula to calculate the total leaf surface area LA of trees and shrubs. The total leaf area calculation formula is as follows:

[0061] LA = LAI i *S i

[0062] In the formula, LA is the total leaf surface area of vegetation (m 2 ); S is the covered area of vegetation (m 2 ); i is different vegetation types.

[0063] The formula for calculating the daily carbon sink of vegetation is as follows:

[0064] C d = LA * P n

[0065] In the formula, C d is the daily carbon absorption of vegetation (kg); LA is the total leaf surface area of vegetation (m 2 ); P n is the average unit leaf area carbon sequestration rate of the nth plant (kg / m 2 );

[0066] The annual carbon absorption of vegetation is the product of the daily carbon absorption of trees and shrubs and the number of days of effective photosynthesis in a year. The number of days of effective photosynthesis in a year is the total number of days of photosynthesis in a year minus the winter defoliation period and the number of days with rainfall exceeding 5 mm. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0067] CS = (C d,t + C d,s ) * t e

[0068] t e = t a - t w - t r

[0069] In the formula: CS is the annual carbon absorption of the park (kg); C d,t is the daily carbon absorption of trees (kg); C d,s is the daily carbon absorption of shrubs (kg); t e is the number of days of effective photosynthesis of plants in a year (d); t a is the total number of days of photosynthesis in a year (d); t w is the number of days of winter defoliation period (d);r is the number of days (d) with rainfall exceeding 5 mm in a year.

[0070] In this embodiment, the total leaf area of Xuanwu Lake Park is 1833685.49 m 2 , the daily carbon sink of vegetation is 36348.89 kg, and the annual carbon absorption of vegetation is 4700915.16 kg.

[0071] In this embodiment, the specific steps for establishing the empirical statistical model of NDVI and LAI are as follows:

[0072] First, randomly select 30 measured LAI sample points in the green space of the urban park, and determine the measured sample plots with the geometric centers of the sample points. The shape of the measured sample plot is a square with a side length of 10 * 10 m or an approximate square. In the measured sample plot, use a canopy analyzer to measure trees and shrubs to obtain the LAI value of the sample plot. Second, based on the high-resolution satellite images of the urban park, use the "Image Analysis" function of ArcGIS software to calculate the NDVI value corresponding to the measured sample plot;

[0073] Among them, the NDVI calculation formula is:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, NIR and R respectively correspond to the near-infrared spectrum and red spectrum channels in the remote sensing image data;

[0076] After that, use SPSS to analyze the NDVI and LAI values of the measured sample plots to obtain the empirical statistical model of NDVI and LAI, and finally obtain the average value of the LAI of trees and shrubs.

[0077] 2. Obtain the basic data of Xuanwu Lake Park in Nanjing, and calculate the annual carbon emissions of the urban park, including the carbon emissions of the landscape water body and green waste in the natural part, and the carbon emissions generated during irrigation, fertilization, pesticide application, lighting, and building operation and maintenance in the human part;

[0078] (1) The natural part includes the landscape water body and green waste, and the carbon emission calculation formula of the landscape water body is:

[0079] C R,w = k w * b w

[0080] C R,w represents the carbon emission of the landscape water body (kg); k w represents the carbon emission coefficient of the landscape water body; b w represents the area of the land use type of the landscape water body (m 2); In this embodiment, the carbon emission of the landscape water body in Xuanwu Lake Park is 1,766,072.91 kg.

[0081] The calculation formula for the carbon emission of the treated green waste is:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, C R,g represents the carbon emission of the green waste (kg); b g represents the area for calculating the green waste (m 2 ); v represents the amount of green waste generated in the park per year (kg / m 2 ); 3.66 is a constant, and every 1 mg of organic carbon is equivalent to 3.66 mg of CO 2 .

[0084] In this embodiment, the carbon emission of the green waste in Xuanwu Lake Park is 9,566,281.08 kg.

[0085] The human part includes irrigation, fertilization, pesticide application, lighting, and building operation and maintenance. The calculation formula for the carbon emission of irrigation is:

[0086] C E,i = 0.001 * q * b i * k i * t1

[0087] In the formula: C E,i represents the carbon emission of irrigation (kg); q represents the watering quota, taking 2 L / m 2 * d; b i represents the irrigation area (m 2 ); k i represents the carbon emission coefficient of irrigation; t1 represents the number of irrigation days (d);

[0088] In this embodiment, the carbon emission of irrigation in Xuanwu Lake Park is 105,385.92 kg.

[0089] The calculation formula for the carbon emission of fertilization is:

[0090] C E,f = a b,f * b f * k f * n b,f + a t,f * b f * k f * n t,f

[0091] In the formula: C E,f represents the carbon emission of fertilization (kg); a b,fIndicates the base fertilizer application rate (kg / m 2 ); b f Indicates the fertilized area (m 2 ); k f Indicates the carbon emission coefficient of fertilization; n b,f Indicates the number of base fertilizer applications (times); a t,f Indicates the topdressing fertilizer application rate (kg / m 2 ); n t,f Indicates the number of topdressing applications (times);

[0092] In this embodiment, the carbon emission of fertilization in Xuanwu Lake Park is 354564.35 kg.

[0093] The formula for calculating the carbon emission of pesticide application is:

[0094] C E,p = b p * h * k p * m

[0095] In the formula: C E,p Indicates the carbon emission of pesticide application (kg); k p Indicates the carbon emission coefficient of pesticide application; b p Indicates the area of pesticide application (m 2 ); h represents the amount of pesticide used (kg / m 2 ); m represents the number of pesticide applications (times); In this embodiment, the carbon emission of pesticide application in Xuanwu Lake Park is 303061.41 kg.

[0096] The formula for calculating the carbon emission of lighting is:

[0097] N = Q * b j / O * U * K

[0098] C E,l = t3 * W * N * k l

[0099] In the formula: N represents the number of lamps (pieces); Q represents the illuminance (lx); b l Indicates the lighting area (m 2 ); O is the luminous flux of the light source (lm); U represents the utilization factor, taking 0.4; K represents the maintenance factor, taking 0.7; C E,l Indicates the carbon emission of lighting (kg); t3 represents the lighting time of the park (h); W represents the average power of each lamp (w); k l Indicates the carbon emission coefficient of lighting;

[0100] In this embodiment, the carbon emission of lighting in Xuanwu Lake Park is 2213408.07 kg.

[0101] The carbon emission calculation formula for the building operation and maintenance is as follows:

[0102] C E,b = n * k b

[0103] In the formula: C E,b represents the carbon emissions of the building operation and maintenance (kg); n represents the floor area of the park building (m 2 ²); k b represents the carbon emission coefficient of the building. In this embodiment, the carbon emissions of the building operation and maintenance in Xuanwu Lake Park are 581,526.00 kg.

[0104] 3. The carbon balance coefficient (CBC) is obtained from the ratio between the carbon emissions (CE) and the carbon absorption (CS). The formula is as follows.

[0105]

[0106] In this embodiment, the carbon balance coefficient of Xuanwu Lake Park is 3.17. The following table shows the specific calculation data of Xuanwu Lake Park.

[0107] Table 1 Carbon balance calculation data of Xuanwu Lake Park in the embodiment

[0108]

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] It should be noted that the above content only illustrates the technical idea of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for annual carbon balance assessment of urban parks, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Calculate the annual carbon absorption of urban parks, including establishing an empirical statistical model between NDVI and LAI, inversely deriving the LAI values of arbors and shrubs in urban parks, calculating the vegetation coverage area in combination with high-resolution satellite images, and then calculating the total leaf area, daily carbon sink of vegetation, and annual carbon absorption of vegetation; S2. Calculate the annual carbon emissions of urban parks, including the carbon emissions from landscape water bodies and green waste in the natural part, as well as the carbon emissions generated during irrigation, fertilization, pesticide application, lighting, and building operation and maintenance in the human part; S3. Compare the annual carbon emissions with the annual carbon absorption to obtain the annual carbon balance coefficient of urban parks.

2. The urban park annual carbon balance assessment method according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, the calculation of the total leaf area includes: First, establish an empirical statistical model between NDVI and LAI, and inversely derive the LAI values of arbors and shrubs in urban parks; Then, use the support vector machine method to process the high-resolution satellite images of urban parks in ENVI software to calculate the coverage area S of arbors and shrubs in urban parks; Finally, use the total leaf area calculation formula to calculate the total leaf surface area LA of arbors and shrubs; The total leaf area calculation formula is as follows: LA = LAI i *S i where LA is the total leaf surface area of vegetation (m 2 ), S is the coverage area of vegetation (m 2 ), and i is different vegetation types.

3. The annual carbon balance assessment method for an urban park according to claim 1, wherein In step S1, the calculation formula for the daily carbon sink of vegetation is as follows: C d = LA * P n Where C d is the daily carbon absorption of vegetation (kg), and LA is the total leaf surface area of vegetation (m 2 ²); P n is the average carbon fixation rate per unit leaf area of the nth plant (kg / m 2 ²).

4. The annual carbon balance assessment method for an urban park according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the annual carbon absorption of vegetation is obtained by multiplying the daily carbon absorption of arbors and shrubs by the number of days of effective photosynthesis in a year. The number of days of effective photosynthesis in a year is the total number of days of photosynthesis in a year minus the winter defoliation period and the days when the rainfall exceeds 5 mm. The calculation formula is as follows: CS=(C d,t +C d,s )*t e t e = t a -t w -t r Where: CS is the annual carbon sequestration of the park (kg); C d,t is the daily carbon sequestration of arbors (kg); C d,s is the daily carbon sequestration of shrubs (kg); t e is the annual effective photosynthetic days of plants (d); t a is the total annual photosynthetic days (d), t w is the days of winter defoliation period (d); t r is the days when the rainfall exceeds 5 mm in a year (d).

5. The annual carbon balance assessment method for an urban park according to claim 1, wherein In step S2, the carbon emissions in the natural part include the carbon emissions from landscape water bodies and the treatment of green waste; The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of the landscape water body is: C R,w = k w * b w C R,w represents the carbon emission of the landscape water body (kg); k w represents the carbon emission coefficient of the landscape water body; b w represents the area of the landscape water body (m 2 ); The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of the treated green waste is: where C R,g represents the carbon emissions of green waste (kg); b g represents the area of green waste (m 2 ); v represents the amount of green waste generated by the park each year (kg / m 2 ); 3.66 is a constant. Every 1 mg of organic carbon is equivalent to 3.66 mg of CO 2 .

6. The annual carbon balance assessment method for an urban park according to claim 1, wherein In step S2, the carbon emissions in the human part include the carbon emissions generated during irrigation, fertilization, pesticide application, lighting, and building operation and maintenance; The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of irrigation is: C E,i = 0.001 * q * b i * k i * t I Where: C E,i represents the carbon emissions from irrigation (kg); q represents the watering quota, taking 2 L / m 2 *d; b i represents the irrigated area (m 2 ); k i represents the carbon emission coefficient of irrigation; t1 represents the number of irrigation days (d); The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of fertilization is: C E,f = a b,f * b f * k f * n b,f + a t,f * b f * k f * n t,f Where: C E,f represents the carbon emissions from fertilization (kg); a b,f represents the base fertilizer application rate (kg / m 2 ); b f represents the fertilized area (m 2 ); k f represents the carbon emission coefficient of fertilization; n b,f represents the number of base fertilizer applications (times); a t,f represents the topdressing application rate (kg / m 2 ); n t,f represents the number of topdressing applications (times); The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of pesticide application is: C E,p = b p * h * k p * m Where: C E,p represents the carbon emission (kg) of pesticide application; b p represents the area of pesticide application (m 2 ²); h represents the amount of pesticide used (kg / m 2 ²); k p represents the carbon emission coefficient of pesticide application; m represents the number of pesticide applications (times); The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of lighting is: N = Q * b l / O * U * K C E,l = t3 * W * N * k l Where: N represents the number of lamps (pcs); Q represents the illuminance (lx); b l represents the illuminated area (m 2 ); O is the luminous flux of the light source (lm); U represents the utilization factor, taking 0.4; K represents the maintenance factor, taking 0.7; C E,l represents the carbon emission of lighting (kg); t3 represents the lighting time of the park (h); W represents the average power of each lamp (w); k l represents the carbon emission coefficient of lighting; The calculation formula for the carbon emissions of building operation and maintenance is: C E,b = n * k b Where: C E,b represents the carbon emissions (kg) of building operation and maintenance; n represents the building floor area (m 2 ); k b represents the carbon emission coefficient of the building.

7. A method for annual carbon balance assessment of an urban park according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the carbon balance coefficient CBC is obtained by the ratio of carbon emissions CE to carbon absorption CS. The formula is as follows:

8. The annual carbon balance assessment method for an urban park according to claim 2, wherein To establish the empirical statistical model of NDVI and LAI, first, randomly select 30 measured LAI sample points in the green spaces of urban parks, and determine the measured sample plots with the geometric centers of the sample points; The shape of the measured sample plot is a square or approximate square of 10*10 m; In the measured sample plot, use a canopy analyzer to measure arbors and shrubs to obtain the LAI value of the sample plot; Second, based on the high-resolution satellite images of urban parks, use the "Image Analysis" function of ArcGIS software to calculate the NDVI value corresponding to the measured sample plot; After that, use SPSS software to analyze the NDVI and LAI values of the measured sample plots to obtain the empirical statistical model of NDVI and LAI.

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