Improved ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) vehicle detector and berth parking electronic toll collection method

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved ETC (Electronic Toll Collection) vehicle detector and a berth parking electronic toll collection method. The ETC vehicle detector at least comprises a 2.4-2.5 GHz frequency band transmit-receive antenna, a 4.9-5.9 GHz frequency band transmit-receive antenna, an ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transmit-receive and wake-up device, a vehicle detector bound to a berth number, and a wireless network communication component. According to the invention, a brand new wake-up channel is opened up, connection between a berth ETC vehicle detector and a vehicle-mounted OBU is firstly established through a Bluetooth or star flash technology, and the OBU is awakened and activated to carry out 5.8 GHz ETC communication after successful handshake so as to complete pairing analysis and berth site electronic toll collection service processing; according to the invention, simultaneous parking and reverse parking of the parking vehicles can be taken into consideration, influences of severe weather and road congestion are avoided, and all-weather all-road-condition full-automatic berth parking charging fine management can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a single-parking-space roadside device and a related charging method in the field of intelligent transportation and smart parking, and in particular to an improved ETC vehicle detector and a berth parking electronic charging method which are widely applicable to urban static traffic management. Background Art

[0002] Public data shows that there are currently two main solutions to solve the problem of electronic parking fees by introducing ETC non-stop electronic toll collection technology. One is the post-processing overlay solution, that is, on the basis of high-position video and geomagnetic monitoring of parking space vehicles entering and exiting, a gantry RSU is installed at the joint points of urban roads to perform non-sensing payment of parking fees or collection of arrears for ETC vehicles after leaving the site; the second is a real-time processing multi-technology fusion solution, such as the existing invention patent "An ETC geomagnetic and a mobile inspection device" (application number: 202410128646.1), which integrates ETC, license plate recognition, multi-mode vehicle detection and other technologies to form a dual-authentication or multi-authentication system, and directly conducts efficient and accurate automatic order entry, parking fees or collection of arrears at the front-line site; for the first installation solution, its implementation effect depends on the coverage density, and there is an obvious delay effect, and the equipment and infrastructure investment budget is huge; for the second fusion solution, there are the following three problems: 1. The communication between ETC geomagnetism and OBU is heavily dependent on an external third party, namely the mobile inspection device, through the national standard ETC 5.8GHz 1. The ETC system can only be activated by waking up the transceiver and wake-up device, and there is no other way; 2. The existing ETC geomagnetic has a preset direction, which is calibrated in the direction of the front of the vehicle when it is parked forward, and the ETC communication effect is not good when the vehicle is parked in the reverse direction; 3. ETC communication transactions, including parking fees or arrears collection, are heavily dependent on operators driving mobile inspection devices according to preset inspection routes to scan and execute. This manual semi-automatic working mode is often hindered by rainy and snowy weather and traffic jams. The lack of automation has seriously restricted the implementation of timed and quantitative parking fee management under all-weather and all-road conditions; all these urgently need new solutions to overcome and solve them. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to avoid the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and design and use an improved ETC vehicle detector, which is independently installed at the center of the parking space as a single-parking-space roadside device or integrated into the image acquisition and processing device around the parking space. It at least includes: a transceiver antenna in the 2400-2500 MHz frequency band and a transceiver antenna in the 4900-5900 MHz frequency band, an ETC transceiver and wake-up device operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz, a vehicle detector bound to the parking space number, and a wireless network communication component; the radio frequency communication range of the transceiver antenna covers the front and back of the parking space so as to adapt to the difference in the orientation of the vehicle head OBU caused by the vehicle parking forward or backward; the vehicle detector is wired to the ETC transceiver and wake-up device operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz, the transceiver antenna in the 2400-2500 MHz frequency band, and the wireless network communication component; the transceiver antenna in the 4900-5900 MHz frequency band is wired to the ETC transceiver and wake-up device operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz and / or the vehicle detector; the improved ETC vehicle detector detects the entry and exit of vehicles in the parking space in real time through the vehicle detector. When it detects that a vehicle has entered the parking space and stopped, within a preset time period T1, the improved ETC vehicle detector connects to the OBU on the ETC vehicle within its communication range one by one through Bluetooth or StarFlash technology. After successful handshaking, it wakes up and activates the relevant OBU to receive the BST signal sent by the ETC transceiver and wake-up device operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz in the RSU working mode according to a preset time period T2, and replies with VST after receiving it to further carry out ETC communication, so as to facilitate the improved ETC vehicle detector to perform pairing analysis and processing; after successful pairing, the relevant OBU refreshes the paired parking space number, and the improved ETC vehicle detector can independently connect, handshake and then wake up and activate the OBU it is paired with to further complete subsequent ETC communication transactions; the improved ETC vehicle detector reports various service data required to the background system through the wireless network communication component, and receives and executes the ETC communication transaction instructions sent by the background.

[0004] Optionally, the ETC transceiver and wake-up device operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz is a national standard ETC transceiver and wake-up device operating at 5.8 GHz; correspondingly, the transceiver antenna in the 4900-5900 MHz frequency band is a 5.8 GHz transceiver antenna.

[0005] Optionally, the vehicle detector is a vehicle detector composed of one or more of sensors such as geomagnetism, radar, visible light, ultrasonic wave, infrared, laser and / or microphone.

[0006] Optionally, the preset duration T1 is 2 minutes; the preset duration T2 is 0.5 second; for the pairing analysis and processing, within the preset duration T1, the improved ETC vehicle detector sorts the received Bluetooth or XingFlash, 5.8 or 5.9 GHz response signal strength RSSI of the relevant OBU, and comprehensively selects the optimal one from the OBUs with empty pairing berth numbers for pairing. After successful pairing, it notifies the relevant OBU to update its pairing berth number; the handshake includes: after establishing a connection, if the berth number obtained by the relevant OBU from the improved ETC vehicle detector is inconsistent with the road section code of its existing paired berth number, or when the berth corresponding to its paired berth number has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state by the ETC vehicle detector, the relevant OBU clears its paired berth number. Then, if the paired berth number of the relevant OBU is empty, or the paired berth number is not empty and is the same as the berth number provided by the ETC vehicle detector, it represents successful handshake, otherwise it is an unsuccessful handshake, and the relevant OBU is not further awakened and activated to carry out ETC communication.

[0007] Optionally, the wireless network communication component is: NB-IOT, eMTC, LoRa / LoRaWAN / CLAA, Sigfox, 4G / 5G / 6G wireless network communication module and its transceiver antenna.

[0008] Optionally, the ETC communication transaction is to deduct fees regularly according to the parking duration and / or recover the overdue parking fees.

[0009] The present invention can also solve the above technical problems by adopting the following technical solutions: a berth parking electronic toll collection method is proposed, including the following steps: S100: Set an improved ETC vehicle detector, which is independently installed at the berth center as a single-berth roadside device or integrated into the image acquisition and processing device around the berth; the improved ETC vehicle detector at least includes: a 2400 - 2500 MHz band transceiver antenna and a 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna, an ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and awakener, a vehicle detector bound to the berth number, and a wireless network communication component; the radio frequency communication range of the transceiver antenna covers the front and rear of the berth so as to adapt to the azimuth difference of the head OBU caused by the vehicle parking forward or backward; the vehicle detector is wired to the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and awakener, the 2400 - 2500 MHz band transceiver antenna, and the wireless network communication component; the 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna is wired to the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and awakener and / or the vehicle detector. S200: The improved ETC vehicle detector detects the entry and exit of berth vehicles in real time through the vehicle detector. After detecting that a vehicle has entered the berth and stopped, within a preset time period T1, the improved ETC vehicle detector connects to the OBU on the ETC vehicle within the communication range one by one through Bluetooth or XingFlash technology, and after successful handshaking, wakes up and activates the relevant OBU; S300: The relevant OBU receives the BST signal sent by the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device in the RSU working mode at a preset time period T2, and replies with VST after receiving it to further carry out ETC communication, so that the improved ETC vehicle detector can perform pairing analysis and processing; S400: After successful pairing, the relevant OBU updates its paired berth number, and the improved ETC vehicle detector can independently connect and handshake according to service requirements, and then wake up and activate the OBU it has paired to further complete subsequent ETC communication transactions; S500: The improved ETC vehicle detector reports various service data required to the background system through the wireless network communication component, and receives and executes the ETC communication transaction instructions issued by the background.

[0010] Optionally, the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device described in steps S100 and S300 is a national standard ETC 5.8 GHz transceiver and wake-up device; correspondingly, the 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna described in step S100 is a 5.8 GHz transceiver antenna.

[0011] Optionally, the vehicle detectors described in steps S100 and S200 are vehicle detectors composed of one or more sensors among geomagnetism, radar, visible light, ultrasonic, infrared, laser, and / or microphone; the wireless network communication components described in steps S100 and S500 are: NB-IOT, eMTC, LoRa / LoRaWAN / CLAA, Sigfox, 4G / 5G / 6G wireless network communication modules and their transceiver antennas; the preset duration T1 described in step S200 is 2 minutes; the preset duration T2 is 0.5 seconds; the pairing analysis and processing in step S300 is that the improved ETC vehicle detector sorts the Bluetooth or XingFlash, 5.8 or 5.9 GHz response signal strength RSSI of the relevant OBU received within the preset duration T1, and comprehensively selects the best one from the OBUs with empty pairing berth numbers for pairing. After successful pairing, it notifies the relevant OBU to update its pairing berth number, and at the same time establishes a timed contact mechanism through Bluetooth or XingFlash technology. Once this timed contact is interrupted for more than the preset duration, the relevant OBU immediately clears its pairing berth number; the handshake described in step S200 includes: after establishing a connection, if the berth number obtained by the relevant OBU from the improved ETC vehicle detector is inconsistent with the section code of its existing paired berth number, or if the berth corresponding to its paired berth number has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state in the ETC vehicle detector, then the relevant OBU clears its paired berth number. Then, if the paired berth number of the relevant OBU is empty, or if the paired berth number is not empty and is the same as the berth number provided by the ETC vehicle detector, it represents a successful handshake, otherwise the handshake is unsuccessful and the relevant OBU is not further awakened and activated to carry out ETC communication; between steps S400 and S500, there is also step S450, that is: when the improved ETC vehicle detector detects that the vehicle has left the berth through the vehicle detector, it immediately connects to the paired OBU and notifies the relevant OBU in the handshake process that the berth has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state, and the paired berth number can be immediately cleared and the connection can be ended.

[0012] Optionally, the ETC communication transaction described in step S400 is to deduct fees regularly according to the parking duration and / or recover the parking arrears.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, an improved ETC vehicle detector and a berth parking electronic toll collection method of the present invention have the following technical effects: 1. Adopting a multi-technology integration solution, the matters in the berth are solved on-site in the berth with almost no delay, which not only improves the user experience and satisfaction, but also eliminates the heavy equipment and infrastructure financial burden brought by the few blind areas and wide coverage of the urban road gantry superposition scheme; 2. A new wake-up channel is opened. By using Bluetooth or XingFlash technology to establish a connection and handshake between the berth (ETC vehicle detector) and the vehicle (OBU), and then waking up and activating the OBU to carry out ETC communication to complete the pairing process. The whole process is completed in one go and no longer requires activation by an external third-party 5.8GHz RSU device. From low-frequency large range to high-frequency small range, the automatic pairing and refined management of the berth and the vehicle are realized from rough to fine; 3. The communication range covers the front and back of the berth, solving the problem of poor ETC communication effect caused by the existing scheme that the directional beacon is set in the direction of the forward parking head, making the device and method of the present invention have wide adaptability and higher practical value; 4. After successful pairing, the interaction between the berth and the vehicle is completely autonomous, and the ETC communication transaction between the two can be carried out at any time according to the established business without being affected by bad weather and road congestion, and can operate reliably all-weather, all-road conditions, and fully automatic and uninterrupted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the on-site installation of Embodiment 1 of an improved ETC vehicle detector of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the core components of Embodiment 1 of an improved ETC vehicle detector of the present invention; Figure 3 is a spatial distribution diagram of the core components of Embodiment 1 of an improved ETC vehicle detector of the present invention; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional diagram of Embodiment 1 of an improved ETC vehicle detector of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the flow of a berth parking electronic toll collection method of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the on-site installation of Embodiment 2 of an improved ETC vehicle detector of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, embodiments in two application directions of independent products and integrated products will be described in detail; among them, for the application of independent products, it is preferred to implement and use an improved ETC vehicle detector on a multi-mode geomagnetic device with a light-transmitting surface shell, while for the application of integrated products, it is preferred to integrally use an improved ETC vehicle detector on a curb machine. It should be understood that this is only for the purpose of more convenient understanding and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0016] Example 1: Stand-alone Application As Figure 2 shown (the left side is an unobstructed view without stickers and overhead antennas, and the right side is an obstructed view with a black sticker adhered and a transceiver antenna added when it is a finished product), an improved ETC vehicle detector of the present invention at least includes: a transceiver antenna 1 in the 2400 - 2500 MHz frequency band and a transceiver antenna 2 in the 4900 - 5900 MHz frequency band, an ETC transceiver and wake-up device 3 operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz, a vehicle detector 4 bound to the berth number (composed of 4-1 to 4-5, detailed below), and a wireless network communication component 5.

[0017] The vehicle detector 4 is connected in a wired manner to the ETC transceiver and wake-up device 3 operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz, the transceiver antenna 1 in the 2400 - 2500 MHz frequency band, and the wireless network communication component 5; the transceiver antenna 2 in the 4900 - 5900 MHz frequency band is connected in a wired manner to the ETC transceiver and wake-up device 3 operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz; the improved ETC vehicle detector detects the entry and exit of berth vehicles in real time through the vehicle detector 4 and reports various service data required to the background system through the wireless network communication component 5.

[0018] The transceiver antenna 1 in the 2400 - 2500 MHz frequency band and the transceiver antenna 2 in the 4900 - 5900 MHz frequency band can be respectively single-band high-gain directional transceiver antennas, or can be combined into a dual-band high-gain FPC flexible antenna; if the SparkLink technology communication scheme is adopted, its SLE mode mainly operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, and the SLB mode operates in the 5 GHz frequency band, and can be extended to SUB 1G or 60 GHz in the future. Coupled with the fact that ETC can be compatible with the 5.8 or 5.9 GHz scheme, it is preferably to use a dual-band high-gain FPC flexible antenna of 2400 - 2500 MHz and 4900 - 5900 MHz; however, in this embodiment, a 2.4 GHz single-band Bluetooth technology communication scheme is adopted, and the ETC transceiver and wake-up device 3 operating at 5.8 or 5.9 GHz also preferably adopts a national standard ETC transceiver and wake-up device operating at 5.8 GHz. Therefore, the transceiver antenna in the 4900 - 5900 MHz frequency band is preferably a 5.8 GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna, and the transceiver antenna in the 2400 - 2500 MHz frequency band is also preferably a 2.4 GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna.

[0019] Preferably, the vehicle detector 4 is a vehicle detector composed of four sensors including a geomagnetic sensor 4-2, a radar sensor 4-3, a visible light sensor 4-4, and a microphone sensor 4-5.

[0020] Preferably, the wireless network communication component 5 is: an NB-IOT communication module and its transceiver antenna.

[0021] As Figure 3 shown, the 2.4GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna 1 and the 5.8GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna 2 are arranged at the center position inside the top shell of the improved ETC vehicle detector. The maximum gain directions of these two directional transceiver antennas are both perpendicular to the ground and point directly upward without deliberately deviating towards the direction of the parked vehicle's head, so as to ensure that the RF communication range can cover both the front and the back, thus being able to adapt to the difference in the orientation of the vehicle head OBU caused by the vehicle parking forward or backward. At the same time, through the selection and matching of antennas, the effective communication range of the 5.8GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna 2 is smaller than that of the 2.4GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna 1. For example, the effective communication range of the 2.4GHz antenna is within a radius of 15 meters, while the effective communication range of the 5.8GHz antenna is within a radius of 6 meters, which is conducive to pairing and optimization from coarse to fine; the microphones 4-5, the top visible light sensor 4-4-1, the right-side visible light sensor 4-4-2, and the left-side visible light sensor 4-4-3 are embedded in the four corner positions inside the top shell. This layout scheme can make full use of the precious panel space and can also achieve the optimal vehicle detection effect. For the finished product effect, please refer to Figure 4 .

[0022] In this embodiment, an electronic toll collection method for berth parking of the present invention will be adopted. By installing and deploying an improved ETC vehicle detector on the berth, it is possible to deduct the toll from the ETC vehicle parked in the berth at regular intervals according to the parking duration and recover the arrears from the vehicles that evade tolls. The specific working principle and process steps are described in detail as follows: S100: As Figure 1 shown, an improved ETC vehicle detector 9-1 and 9-2 of the present invention, after the core components are optimized through the above various optimizations, are installed as a single-parking-space roadside device in the form of the finished product shown in Figure 4 at the center of their respective berths; S200: As Figure 2As shown, the improved ETC vehicle detectors 9-1 and 9-2 detect the entry and exit of berth vehicles in real time through their respective vehicle detectors 4. When it is detected that vehicles 8-1 and 8-2 enter the berth and stop, within a preset time period T1 (set to 2 minutes in this embodiment), the improved ETC vehicle detectors connect with the OBU on the ETC vehicle within the communication range one by one through Bluetooth technology in three rounds at the 0th second, the 59th second, and the 118th second. After successful handshakes, the relevant OBU is awakened and activated. In the figure, it is assumed that 8-1 arrives first and 8-2 arrives one minute later. The ETC vehicle detector 9-1 first connects with the OBU on vehicle 8-1 through Bluetooth technology. After a successful handshake, it immediately wakes up and activates the OBU on 8-1 to turn on the 5.8GHz receiver for signal listening. Then, when vehicle 8-2 arrives, the two are connected, and after the handshake, its OBU is also awakened and activated to turn on the 5.8GHz receiver for signal listening. Similarly, because vehicle 8-2 arrives later, the ETC vehicle detector 9-2 will connect with the OBU of vehicle 8-2 and then vehicle 8-1, perform handshakes, wake up and activate the relevant OBU to turn on the 5.8GHz receiver for signal listening after detecting that the vehicle has entered the berth and stopped. The handshake includes: after establishing a connection, if the berth number obtained by the relevant OBU from the ETC vehicle detector is inconsistent with the section code of its existing paired berth number (this code is generally included in the berth number), or when it is obtained from the ETC vehicle detector corresponding to its paired berth number that the berth has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state, the relevant OBU clears its paired berth number. Then, if the paired berth number of the relevant OBU is empty, or the paired berth number is not empty and is the same as the berth number provided by the ETC vehicle detector, it represents a successful handshake; otherwise, the handshake is unsuccessful, and the relevant OBU is not further awakened and activated to carry out ETC communication. In other words, if vehicles 8-1 and 8-2 have parked at berths on other sections before, their in-vehicle OBU must have stored paired berth numbers. In this embodiment, there are a total of three time windows for clearing the paired berth numbers. One is the moment after the vehicle leaves the berth, when it is obtained from the ETC vehicle detector corresponding to its paired berth number that the berth has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state. The second is when the vehicle arrives at another section and parks, and the berth number obtained by the relevant OBU from the ETC vehicle detector is inconsistent with the section code of its existing paired berth number. The third is when the regular communication between the paired parties is interrupted for more than the preset time period. These three measures together ensure the dynamic update and stable reliability of the OBU paired berth number. S300: After successful handshake wake-up activation, the OBUs of the relevant vehicles 8-1 and 8-2 receive the BST signal sent by the national standard ETC 5.8GHz transceiver and wake-up device 3 in the RSU working mode according to the preset duration T2 (set to 0.5 seconds in this embodiment), and reply with VST after receiving it to further carry out ETC communication, so as to facilitate the pairing analysis and processing by the ETC vehicle detectors 9-1 and 9-2, that is: within two minutes after the vehicle stops, the ETC vehicle detectors 9-1 and 9-2 sort according to the Bluetooth or StarFlash and 5.8 GHz response signal strength RSSI of the received relevant OBUs, and comprehensively select the best one from the OBUs with empty pairing berth numbers for pairing. After successful pairing, the relevant OBUs are notified to update their pairing berth numbers, and at the same time, a timed contact mechanism is established through Bluetooth or StarFlash technology. Once this timed contact is interrupted for more than the preset duration, such as 90 seconds preset in this embodiment, the relevant OBUs immediately clear their pairing berth numbers; Figure 1 It can be seen that the distance between the ETC vehicle detector 9-1 and the OBU on the vehicle 8-1 is the shortest, and the communication angle is also the most matched. Therefore, whether it is Bluetooth or the RSSI of the 5.8GHz backhaul signal, it will often be higher than the OBU on the vehicle 8-2. This is a strong guarantee for a high pairing preference success rate. At the same time, in this embodiment, the RSSI of the OBU signal backhaul is collected in three rounds at the 0th second, the 59th second, and the 118th second. The score value will be superimposed after each round of collection, which further suppresses the short-term interference impact brought by non-stable state vehicles such as passing vehicles; S400: After successful pairing and the relevant OBUs update their pairing berth numbers, the improved ETC vehicle detectors 9-1 and 9-2 can connect, handshake and then wake up and activate the OBUs on the paired vehicles 8-1 and 8-2 to further complete subsequent ETC communication transactions; in this embodiment, the corresponding parking fee is charged according to the parking rate table every 30 minutes. When the timing reaches the point, the ETC vehicle detectors 9-1 and 9-2 immediately connect, handshake and then wake up and activate the OBUs on the paired vehicles 8-1 and 8-2 through Bluetooth technology to carry out communication transactions based on the national standard ETC 5.8GHz, so as to complete the parking timed deduction business at the berth site; S450: When the improved ETC vehicle detector 9-1 or 9-2 detects that the vehicle has left the berth through its respective vehicle detector, it immediately connects to the paired OBU and notifies the relevant OBU in the handshake process that the berth has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state, and the pairing berth number can be immediately cleared and the connection can be terminated; S500: The improved ETC vehicle detector reports various service data required by the background system to the background system through the wireless network communication component, including the equipment number of the ETC vehicle detector and its corresponding berth number, the entry or exit time of the vehicle, the OBU ID number of the vehicle in the berth, and the OBU vehicle information file containing license plate information. It is worth mentioning that after the vehicle is parked in place, paired, and the entry information is reported, if the background feedback instructs to recover the overdue payment from the toll evasion vehicle, the relevant ETC vehicle detector immediately connects, shakes hands, and then wakes up and activates the OBU on the paired vehicle to carry out communication transactions based on the national standard ETC 5.8GHz, so as to complete the overdue payment recovery service on the berth site.

[0023] Embodiment 2: Integrated Application In this embodiment, the improved ETC vehicle detector is used as an important functional component and integrated into an image acquisition and processing device called "curb machine" to undertake the core tasks of "detecting vehicle entry and exit from the berth, collecting ETC electronic license plates, electronic parking toll collection and overdue payment recovery", so as to make up for the various inherent deficiencies of the original "taking pictures for evidence and license plate recognition" of the image acquisition and processing device; as Figure 6 shown, when the equipment is put into use, it is installed on the curb wall outside the head line of the berth. In the figure, the curb machine 8-2 controls berth 002, and the curb machine 8-3 controls berth 003; For the sake of simplicity, the various optimizations of the improved ETC vehicle detector in this embodiment are roughly the same as those in Embodiment 1. The differences are as follows: Since image transmission is involved, in order to reduce costs, the wireless network communication component 5 preferably uses a 4G wireless network communication module and its transceiver antenna; the vehicle detector 4 is a vehicle detector composed of a geomagnetic sensor and a radar sensor.

[0024] Figure 6 In, the 2.4GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna and 5.8GHz high-gain directional transceiver antenna of the curb machine 8-2 are directed at the azimuth of the OBU in this berth at a certain elevation angle, and the core coverage area with the strongest signal is shown as the oval dotted line in the figure. In this way, whether the vehicle is parked forward or backward, crosses the front line ( Figure 6 in) or crosses the rear line ( Figure 6 below), the communication effect of the OBU can be taken into account; in addition, through antenna selection and matching, the effective communication range of the 2.4GHz antenna can reach 35 meters before and after, while the effective communication range of the 5.8GHz antenna can reach 15 meters before and after, which is conducive to pairing optimization from rough to fine; In this embodiment, the same electronic toll collection method for berth parking of the present invention is also adopted to achieve photographing and evidence collection of any vehicle entering and leaving the berth, license plate recognition, collection of electronic license plates for ETC vehicles, and on-site arrears recovery for ETC vehicles that evade tolls. The specific working principle and process steps are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here. The following aspects need to be emphasized: In step S200, after the roadside machine 8-2 detects through its vehicle detector that the vehicle 9-2 has entered the berth 002 and stopped, it will take pictures and collect evidence of the berth vehicle and perform video license plate recognition. Similarly, in step S450, when the vehicle 9-2 leaves the berth 002, pictures will also be taken and license plate recognition will be performed. In step S300, when the improved ETC vehicle detector in the roadside machine 8-2 completes the pairing analysis process and the electronic license plate obtained from the OBU pairing result is inconsistent with the above-mentioned recognized video license plate, the OBU pairing result will be corrected again based on the video license plate. Only when the electronic license plate of the paired OBU is completely consistent with the video license plate, step S500 will carry out the on-site arrears recovery for ETC vehicles that evade tolls as specified in this embodiment. In addition, there is no ETC communication transaction activity of charging the corresponding parking fee according to the parking rate table every 30 minutes in step S400 in this embodiment. The information reported to the background system in step S500 adds relevant content such as the evidentiary picture, the recognized video license plate and its confidence level.

[0025] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved ETC vehicle detector, which is independently installed at the center of the parking space as a single-parking-space roadside device or integrated into the image acquisition and processing device around the parking space. It is characterized in that At least include: a transceiver antenna in the 2400 - 2500 MHz band and a transceiver antenna in the 4900 - 5900 MHz band, an ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device, a vehicle detector bound to a berth number, and a wireless network communication component; the radio communication range of the transceiver antenna covers the front and back of the berth so as to adapt to the azimuth difference of the vehicle head OBU caused by the vehicle parking forward or backward; the vehicle detector is wired-connected to the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device, the 2400 - 2500 MHz band transceiver antenna, and the wireless network communication component; the 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna is wired-connected to the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device and / or the vehicle detector; the improved ETC vehicle detector detects the entry and exit of vehicles in the berth in real time through the vehicle detector. When it detects that a vehicle has entered the berth and stopped, within a preset time period T1, the improved ETC vehicle detector connects to the OBU on the ETC vehicle within its communication range one by one through Bluetooth or XingFlash technology. After successful handshaking, it wakes up and activates the relevant OBU to receive the BST signal sent by the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device in the RSU working mode according to a preset time period T2, and replies with VST after receiving it to further carry out ETC communication, so as to facilitate the improved ETC vehicle detector to perform pairing analysis and processing; After successful pairing, the improved ETC vehicle detector can independently connect and handshake according to service requirements, and then wake up and activate the OBU it has paired with to further complete subsequent various ETC communication transactions; the improved ETC vehicle detector reports various service data required to the background system through the wireless network communication component, and receives and executes the ETC communication transaction instructions sent by the background.

2. The improved ETC vehicle detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device is a national standard ETC 5.8 GHz transceiver and wake-up device; correspondingly, the 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna is a 5.8 GHz transceiver antenna.

3. An improved ETC vehicle detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle detector is a vehicle detector composed of one or more of sensors including geomagnetism, radar, visible light, ultrasonic wave, infrared, laser, and / or microphone.

4. An improved ETC vehicle detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset time period T1 is 2 minutes; the preset time period T2 is 0.5 seconds; The pairing analysis process is as follows: within the preset time period T1, the improved ETC vehicle detector sorts the received Bluetooth or XingShan, 5.8 or 5.9 GHz response signal strength RSSI of the relevant OBU, and comprehensively selects the best one from the OBUs with empty pairing berth numbers for pairing. After successful pairing, it notifies the relevant OBU to update its pairing berth number. At the same time, a timed communication mechanism is established through Bluetooth or XingShan technology. Once this timed communication is interrupted for more than the preset time, the relevant OBU immediately clears its pairing berth number. The handshake includes: after establishing a connection, if the berth number obtained by the relevant OBU from the improved ETC vehicle detector is inconsistent with the road section code of its existing paired berth number, or if the berth corresponding to its paired berth number has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state in the ETC vehicle detector, the relevant OBU clears its pairing berth number. Then, if the pairing berth number of the relevant OBU is empty, or if the pairing berth number is not empty and is the same as the berth number provided by the ETC vehicle detector, it represents successful handshake; otherwise, the handshake is unsuccessful, and the relevant OBU is not further awakened and activated to carry out ETC communication.

5. An improved ETC vehicle detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless network communication component is: NB-IOT, eMTC, LoRa / LoRaWAN / CLAA, Sigfox, 4G / 5G / 6G wireless network communication module and its transceiver antenna.

6. An improved ETC vehicle detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ETC communication transaction is to deduct fees regularly according to the parking duration and / or recover the outstanding parking fees.

7. An electronic toll collection method for berth parking, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S100: Set up an improved ETC vehicle detector, which is independently installed at the center of the berth as a single-berth roadside device or integrated into the image acquisition and processing device around the berth. The improved ETC vehicle detector at least includes: a 2400 - 2500 MHz band transceiver antenna and a 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna, an ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device, a vehicle detector bound to the berth number, and a wireless network communication component. The radio frequency communication range of the transceiver antenna covers the front and rear of the berth, so as to adapt to the azimuth difference of the head OBU caused by the vehicle parking forward or backward. The vehicle detector is wired to the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device, the 2400 - 2500 MHz band transceiver antenna, and the wireless network communication component. The 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna is wired to the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device and / or the vehicle detector. S200: The improved ETC vehicle detector uses the vehicle detector to detect the entry and exit of vehicles at the berth in real time. When it detects that a vehicle has entered the berth and stopped, within the preset time period T1, the improved ETC vehicle detector connects to the OBU on the ETC vehicle within the communication range one by one through Bluetooth or XingShan technology, and after successful handshake, wakes up and activates the relevant OBU. S300: The relevant OBU receives the BST signal sent by the ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device in the RSU working mode at a preset duration T2, and replies with VST after receiving it to further carry out ETC communication, so as to facilitate the pairing analysis and processing by the improved ETC vehicle detector; S400: After successful pairing, the relevant OBU updates its paired berth number, and the improved ETC vehicle detector can autonomously connect, handshake and then wake up and activate the OBU it is paired with to further complete subsequent ETC communication transactions; S500: The improved ETC vehicle detector reports various service data required to the background system through the wireless network communication component, and receives and executes the ETC communication transaction instructions sent by the background.

8. The electronic toll collection method for berth parking according to claim 7, wherein, The ETC 5.8 or 5.9 GHz transceiver and wake-up device described in steps S100 and S300 is a national standard ETC 5.8 GHz transceiver and wake-up device; correspondingly, the 4900 - 5900 MHz band transceiver antenna described in step S100 is a 5.8 GHz transceiver antenna.

9. The electronic toll collection method for berth parking according to claim 7, wherein, The vehicle detector described in steps S100 and S200 is a vehicle detector composed of one or more of sensors including geomagnetism, radar, visible light, ultrasonic, infrared, laser and / or microphone; the wireless network communication component described in steps S100 and S500 is: NB-IOT, eMTC, LoRa / LoRaWAN / CLAA, Sigfox, 4G / 5G / 6G wireless network communication module and its transceiver antenna; the preset duration T1 described in step S200 is 2 minutes; the preset duration T2 described in step S300 is 0.5 seconds; the pairing analysis and processing described in step S300 is that the improved ETC vehicle detector sorts the Bluetooth or XingFlash, 5.8 or 5.9 GHz response signal strength RSSI of the relevant OBU received within the preset duration T1, comprehensively selects the best one from the OBUs with empty paired berth numbers for pairing, and notifies the relevant OBU to update its paired berth number after successful pairing. At the same time, a timed contact mechanism is established through Bluetooth or XingFlash technology. Once the timed contact is interrupted for more than the preset duration, the relevant OBU immediately clears its paired berth number; The handshake described in step S200 includes: after establishing a connection, if the berth number obtained by the relevant OBU from the improved ETC vehicle detector is inconsistent with the road section code of its existing paired berth number, or if the berth corresponding to its paired berth number has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state as detected by the ETC vehicle detector, then the relevant OBU clears its paired berth number. Then, if the paired berth number of the relevant OBU is empty, or if the paired berth number is not empty and is the same as the berth number provided by the ETC vehicle detector, it represents successful handshake; otherwise, the handshake is unsuccessful, and the relevant OBU is not further awakened and activated to carry out ETC communication. Between steps S400 and S500, there is also a step S450, that is: when the improved ETC vehicle detector detects that the vehicle has left the berth through the vehicle detector, it immediately connects to the OBU paired with it, and notifies the relevant OBU in the handshake process that the berth has changed from the occupied state to the unoccupied state, and the paired berth number can be immediately cleared and the connection ended.

10. A method for electronic toll collection for berth parking as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The ETC communication transaction described in steps S400 and S500 is to deduct fees regularly according to the parking duration and / or recover parking arrears.

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