Horizontal tail end power distribution system and equipment configuration and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power supply, and provides a horizontal tail end power distribution system and an equipment configuration and monitoring method, the horizontal tail end power distribution system comprises a bus assembly, the bus assembly comprises two buses stacked in the vertical direction, the buses are installed at the top of a cabinet, and each bus is provided with a plurality of electrical equipment; the number of the bus assemblies is one or two, if the number of the bus assemblies is one, the bus assemblies are arranged on one side of the top of the cabinet, otherwise, if the number of the bus assemblies is two, the bus assemblies are arranged on the two sides of the top of the cabinet, and the system further comprises a looped network controller. The looped network controller is used for connecting the electrical equipment on one or two buses end to end to form a power supply looped network; according to the invention, the looped network controller is adopted to connect a plurality of devices and buses to provide a plurality of communication looped networks, and a plurality of power supply modules are connected in the links according to the structures of the communication looped networks, so that each communication looped network can realize power supply redundancy, and the stability of the system is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power supply, and particularly to a horizontal end distribution system, equipment configuration and monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN111653998A discloses a horizontal roof busbar system, which designs a horizontal busbar structure, and re - designs the busbar duct structure and the installation and wiring method of equipment, so that both busbar ducts are fixed to the cabinet through fastening devices, with convenient installation, reasonably utilizing the space on the top of the cabinet, making the structure compact and the wiring convenient.

[0003] However, it still has certain problems, mainly including:

[0004] (1) It is impossible to form a communication ring network link that meets customer requirements based on this busbar system, and it is impossible to ensure the real - time power supply of the corresponding communication ring network.

[0005] (2) As long as one device in this busbar system fails, the entire busbar system will be affected and cannot be used, and the security of communication cannot be guaranteed.

[0006] (3) The power supply module in this busbar system can only be fixed at a specific position on the busbar. If it fails, the entire power distribution system needs to be powered off first, and then it can be removed and replaced, with cumbersome operations.

[0007] (4) The device addresses in this busbar system can only be manually assigned by staff, with cumbersome address configuration and poor user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Object of the Invention: Aiming at the problems existing in the above - mentioned prior art, the present invention constructs a horizontal end distribution system, as well as an equipment configuration and monitoring method obtained on the basis of this distribution system.

[0009] Technical Solution: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a horizontal end distribution system, including a cabinet and a busbar assembly. The busbar assembly includes two busbars stacked and installed in the vertical direction. The busbars are installed on the top of the cabinet, and a plurality of electrical devices are sequentially installed on each busbar. The busbar assembly includes one group or two groups. If the busbar assembly is one group, it is arranged on one side of the top of the cabinet; otherwise, if the busbar assembly includes two groups, it is arranged on both sides of the top of the cabinet.

[0010] The system further includes a ring network controller. When the busbar assembly is one group, the ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on one or two busbars end to end to form a chain - like structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, and to monitor the status of the electrical devices in the power supply ring network in real time.

[0011] When there are two sets of the busbar assemblies, the ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices corresponding to the busbar assemblies in the same set to form a power supply ring network or connect the electrical devices corresponding to the two sets of busbar assemblies to form a power supply ring network, and to monitor the states of the electrical devices in the power supply ring network in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, it includes:

[0013] The electrical devices include a starting box, cascade modules and a plurality of plug-in boxes, all of which are installed on the busbar. The starting box is the input end of the power supply of the power distribution system. The cascade module includes a starting cascade unit and a tail-end cascade unit. The starting cascade unit is installed near the starting box and is used to access the starting box monitoring device and the monitoring screen. The tail-end cascade unit is installed at the rear end of the busbar far from the starting box and is used to cascade the power supply busbar and the communication busbar in the composite busbar of two independent busbar segments. The plug-in box is used to introduce the busbar power into the power distribution unit of the cabinet.

[0014] Furthermore, it includes:

[0015] The ring network controller includes 4 interfaces, which are respectively denoted as the main interface of path A, the slave interface of path A, the main interface of path B and the slave interface of path B, and all can be used as communication interfaces. The main interface is used as the main port of the master-slave network for master-slave communication, while the slave interface is in a listening mode to monitor the network communication situation in real time.

[0016] Furthermore, it includes:

[0017] When there is one set of the busbar assembly, the busbar assembly is denoted as column A, and the upper and lower busbars arranged vertically are respectively denoted as path a of column A and path b of column A;

[0018] The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on the two busbars end to end to form a chain structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, including:

[0019] The starting electrical device on path a of column A is connected to the main interface of path A or the main interface of path B. The starting electrical device on path b of column A is connected to the slave interface of path A or the slave interface of path B. The other electrical devices after the starting electrical device on path a of column A are connected in sequence until the tail-end electrical device of path a of column A. The tail-end electrical device of path a of column A is communicatively connected to the tail-end electrical device of path b of column A. The other electrical devices before the tail-end electrical device on path b of column A are connected in sequence until the starting electrical device of path b of column A, thereby forming a large ring network.

[0020] Furthermore, it includes:

[0021] It also includes two power modules, which are respectively installed at any positions on the a path and b path of column A, and the two power modules are cascaded through a cascading module, so as to achieve capacity redundancy of the power modules.

[0022] Further, it includes:

[0023] Denote the busbar assembly as column A, and the lines where the upper and lower two vertically arranged busbars are located are respectively denoted as the a path and b path of column A;

[0024] The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on one busbar end to end to form a chain structure, thus forming a power supply ring network, including:

[0025] The starting electrical device on the a path of column A communicates with the main interface of path A, the ending electrical device on the a path of column A is connected to the slave interface of path A, and the electrical devices between the starting electrical device and the ending electrical device on the a path of column A are connected end to end to form a first double ring network;

[0026] The starting electrical device on the b path of column A communicates with the main interface of path B, the ending electrical device on the b path of column A is communicatively connected to the slave interface of path B, and the electrical devices between the starting electrical device and the ending electrical device on the b path of column A are connected end to end to form a second double ring network.

[0027] Further, it includes:

[0028] It also includes two power modules, which are respectively installed on the link where the first double ring network is located and the link where the second double ring network is located, and the two power modules are connected in cascade through a cascading module.

[0029] Further, it includes:

[0030] When there are two groups of the busbar assemblies, it includes:

[0031] Denote the first group of busbar assemblies as column A, and the lines where the upper and lower two vertically arranged busbars are located are respectively denoted as the a path and b path of column A; denote the second group of busbar assemblies as column B, and the lines where the upper and lower two vertically arranged busbars are located are respectively denoted as the a path and b path of column B;

[0032] The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices corresponding to the busbar assemblies of the same group to form a power supply ring network, including:

[0033] The starting electrical equipment on the a path of column A communicates with the main interface of path A, the starting electrical equipment on the b path of column A is connected to the slave interface of path A, and the ending electrical equipment on the a path of column A is connected to the ending electrical equipment on the b path of column A. Thus, the main interface of path A is sequentially connected to the starting electrical equipment on the a path of column A, the intermediate electrical equipment on the a path of column A, the ending electrical equipment on the a path of column A, the ending electrical equipment on the b path of column A, the intermediate electrical equipment on the b path of column A, the starting electrical equipment on the b path of column A, and the slave interface of path A to form a first double-ring network.

[0034] The main interface of path B is sequentially connected to the starting electrical equipment on the a path of column B, the intermediate electrical equipment on the a path of column B, the ending electrical equipment on the a path of column B, the ending electrical equipment on the b path of column B, the intermediate electrical equipment on the b path of column B, the starting electrical equipment on the b path of column B, and the slave interface of path B to form a second double-ring network.

[0035] Further, it includes:

[0036] It also includes two power modules, which are respectively arranged on the links where the first double-ring network and the second double-ring network are located, and are connected in cascade by a cascade module.

[0037] Or it includes four power modules, which are respectively installed on the links where the a path of column A, the b path of column A, the a path of column B, and the b path of column B are located, and the power modules on the a path of column A and the b path of column A are connected in cascade by a cascade module, and the power modules on the a path of column B and the b path of column B are connected in cascade by a cascade module.

[0038] Further, it includes:

[0039] Connecting the electrical equipment corresponding to the two groups of bus assemblies to form a power supply ring network, including:

[0040] The starting electrical equipment on the a path of column A communicates and is connected to the main interface of path A or the main interface of path B, the ending electrical equipment on the a path of column A is connected to the ending electrical equipment on the b path of column A, the starting electrical equipment on the b path of column A communicates and is connected to the starting electrical equipment on the a path of column B, the ending electrical equipment on the a path of column B is connected to the ending electrical equipment on the b path of column B, and the starting electrical equipment on the b path of column B communicates and is connected to the slave interface of path A or the slave interface of path B, thus forming a large ring network that connects all electrical equipment.

[0041] Further, it includes:

[0042] It also includes two power modules, the first power module is arranged on the a path of column A or the b path of column A, and the second power module is arranged on the a path of column B or the b path of column B.

[0043] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for monitoring equipment obtained from a horizontal end distribution system, including: monitoring the states of electrical equipment in the same power supply loop network of the horizontal end distribution system; if it is detected that one of the electrical equipment is in an unusable state, the electrical equipment between the currently unusable electrical equipment and the main interface of Route A or Route B continues to communicate using the main interface of Route A or Route B; while the electrical equipment between the currently unusable electrical equipment and the slave interface of Route A or Route B switches to continue communicating using the slave interface of Route A or Route B.

[0044] Further, it includes:

[0045] Before the states of electrical equipment in the power supply loop network are monitored in real time, it includes:

[0046] Configure the addresses of the main interface and slave interface of the loop network controller, and determine whether the current network is a loop network or a single network according to the configured addresses, and save the current configuration result.

[0047] Further, it includes:

[0048] The determination of whether the current network is a loop network or a single network according to the configured addresses specifically includes:

[0049] Set the minimum and maximum values of the main interface addresses in use, and set the minimum and maximum values of the slave interface addresses in use; if the minimum value of the main interface address is the same as the minimum value of the slave interface, and the maximum value of the main interface address is the same as the maximum value of the slave interface, it is determined as power supply loop network communication, otherwise, it is single network communication.

[0050] Further, it includes:

[0051] Automatically configure addresses for the electrical equipment in the power supply loop network. Specifically:

[0052] Send out an automatic address configuration frame including all devices to be configured and arrange them in order;

[0053] The host of the loop network controller traverses the AD values of all devices and sets the reference value of each device according to the reference AD value;

[0054] The host determines whether the AD value of the current device is within the limited range. If it is within its limited range, save the AD value of the current device;

[0055] First, find the starting address according to the set determination conditions;

[0056] Calculate the difference between the AD values of the device collected in two consecutive times, and then calculate the second difference of adjacent differences. If the second difference is greater than the set threshold, it is determined that one device is missing in the middle, and the address setting of the missing device position is skipped. Otherwise, it is determined that the devices are adjacent, and the starting address is set to the corresponding device;

[0057] The host sets the valid remaining addresses into the devices on the ring network and waits for the response frame to check whether the setting is successful.

[0058] Furthermore, it includes:

[0059] The host of the ring network controller determines whether the AD value of the current device is within the limited range. If it is within its limited range, the AD value of the current device is saved, including:

[0060] Determine whether the AD value of the current device is between [reference value - 5, reference value + 6]. If it is within this range, save the AD value of the current device.

[0061] Furthermore, it includes:

[0062] The host of the ring network controller traverses the AD values of all devices and sets the reference value of each device according to the reference AD value, including:

[0063] The main interface of the ring network controller outputs a certain value of current. The plug connector of each device on the link is provided with a sampling resistor. The current flows through the resistor to form a voltage, and the voltage is transmitted to the AD pin of the device for sampling. The resistance values of the resistors connected in series by devices at different positions are different, so the formed voltage values are also different, and thus the AD values of the corresponding devices are obtained.

[0064] Beneficial effects:

[0065] (1) The system of the present invention is connected to a variety of electrical devices, including the starting box, plug-in box, relay unit, etc., and uses a ring network controller to connect multiple devices and the bus, so as to provide multiple communication ring networks. According to the structure of the communication ring network, multiple power modules are connected in the corresponding link to ensure that each communication ring network can achieve power supply redundancy, making the system more stable;

[0066] (2) Multiple groups of plug-in slots are provided on the plug-in box of the power module in the present invention. The power module can be directly clamped at any position of the bus using the plug-in slots, with simple operation and convenient disassembly and installation; Therefore, the device also supports parallel use. Plugging in multiple modules can improve the power supply capacity for the composite bus low-voltage DC bus, and the power module provides plug slots of different models. Through the cable connection of the end cascading unit, redundant power supply for the power modules on different buses can be supported.

[0067] (3) The distribution system of the present invention utilizes the interfaces of the ring network controller and the communication connections with other devices, enabling communication ring networks of various structures to be obtained, which can meet the communication requirements of different customers in different actual situations, with a wider range of applications and more customers benefited. This application uses the ring network controller to form communication ring networks of various structures, and realizes the intelligent monitoring of the IDC power distribution system in the way of redundant interfaces, integrating network monitoring technology, digital control technology, and power distribution technology, and is applicable to important users such as IDC data rooms in the financial, telecommunications, government, and IT industries, or industrial enterprises.

[0068] (4) Combining with the interfaces of the ring network controller, the ring network communication of the present invention can effectively prevent single-point failures. When any plug-in box, terminal box, or repeater is being repaired or replaced, the ring network communication will immediately and automatically switch seamlessly to another acquisition port of the controller to continue data acquisition. This method can ensure that other online monitoring units are not affected, and the real-time performance of data acquisition is also not affected.

[0069] (5) The system of the present invention can perform automatic address configuration for the devices on the bus through the automatic address configuration method. The automatic address configuration method adopts two calculation methods: the starting address and the remaining address. First, ensure the validity and accuracy of the starting address, and on this basis, match the remaining address, thus solving the problem of cumbersome address configuration in the RS485 network that cannot achieve automatic address configuration, and achieving the function of automatically configuring the addresses of the access devices with one power-on and one key after the user installs the devices and the communication network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0071] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the interface of the intelligent ring network controller according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the large ring network formed when the bus assembly is a group according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the double ring network formed when the bus assembly is a group according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the double ring network formed when the bus assembly is two groups according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 5 is Figure 4An example diagram of a dual-ring network;

[0076] Figure 6 When there are two groups of busbar assemblies described in the embodiments of the present invention, it is a schematic diagram of a large ring network formed;

[0077] Figure 7 Is Figure 6 An example diagram of a large ring network;

[0078] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the address range configuration described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 9 It is a flowchart of the equipment configuration and monitoring method obtained from the horizontal end distribution system described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 10 It is a flowchart of a method for automatically configuring the addresses of electrical equipment in a power supply ring network described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 11 It is a flowchart of another method for automatically configuring the addresses of electrical equipment in a power supply ring network described in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0082] To better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0083] Embodiment 1

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention provide a horizontal end distribution system, including a cabinet and a busbar assembly. The busbar assembly includes two busbars stacked and installed in the vertical direction. The busbars are installed on the top of the cabinet, and a plurality of electrical equipment are sequentially installed on each busbar; the busbar assembly includes one or two groups. If the busbar assembly is one group, it is arranged on one side of the top of the cabinet. Otherwise, if the busbar assembly includes two groups, it is arranged on both sides of the top of the cabinet.

[0085] The system further includes a ring network controller. When the busbar assembly is one group, the ring network controller is used to connect the electrical equipment on one or two busbars end to end to form a chain structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, and to monitor the states of the electrical equipment in the power supply ring network in real time;

[0086] When the busbar assembly is two groups, the ring network controller is used to connect the electrical equipment corresponding to the same group of busbar assemblies to form a power supply ring network or to connect the electrical equipment corresponding to the two groups of busbar assemblies to form a power supply ring network, and to monitor the states of the electrical equipment in the power supply ring network in real time.

[0087] Specifically, when there are two sets of busbar assemblies, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the cabinet, and each set of busbar assemblies includes two rows of bus ducts, and several devices are arranged in each bus duct, such as modules like the start box, start cascading unit, relay unit, plug-in box, and end cascading unit. These devices are connected end to end in sequence and finally connected to the intelligent ring network controller. The intelligent ring network controller configures addresses for each device in the ring network, collects relevant data of each device, and sends it to the human-machine interaction screen, so as to monitor the status of each device in real time.

[0088] In this embodiment, the number and types of electrical devices connected to the bus duct are not limited, and the electrical devices on each bus vary according to the actual situation.

[0089] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the ring network controller of this embodiment includes 4 interfaces, which are respectively denoted as the main interface of path A, the slave interface of path A, the main interface of path B, and the slave interface of path B, and all can be used as communication interfaces. The main interface is used as the main port of the master-slave network for master-slave communication, while the slave interface is in the listening mode to monitor the network communication situation in real time.

[0090] That is, in one implementation, the intelligent ring network controller connects the RS485 cascading network end to end through 2 independent RS485 interfaces to form a ring network. The 2 RS485 communication interfaces are divided into a main interface and a slave interface. Normally, the main interface is used as the main port of the master-slave network for master-slave communication, while the slave interface is in the listening mode to monitor the network communication situation in real time. When a communication cable breaks at any position in the communication network, both the main interface and the slave interface will detect communication anomalies. The anomaly of the main interface is that some devices cannot communicate, and the slave interface cannot monitor the network communication. At this time, the intelligent ring network controller will adaptively use 2 acquisition ports to collect device information respectively, effectively avoiding the broken-line network, ensuring normal data acquisition of the online devices, and at the same time sending an alarm message to the user to remind the user to repair the network. When the network is restored, after the slave interface can monitor the network communication information, it will automatically resume the listening state, and the main interface will resume all communication functions of the communication host.

[0091] Further, in one implementation of this embodiment, the above-mentioned electrical devices include a start box, a cascading module, and several plug-in boxes, all of which are installed on the bus. Specifically, the start box is the input end of the power supply of the power distribution system. The cascading module includes a start cascading unit and an end cascading unit. The start cascading unit is installed near the start box and is used to access the start box monitoring device and the monitoring screen. The end cascading unit is installed at the rear end of the bus away from the start box and is used to cascade the power bus and the communication bus in the composite bus of two independent bus segments. The plug-in box is used to introduce the bus power into the power distribution unit PDU of the cabinet.

[0092] In one implementation of this embodiment, when there is one set of bus assemblies, the bus assemblies are denoted as Column A, and the upper and lower bus links arranged vertically are respectively denoted as Route a of Column A and Route b of Column A;

[0093] The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on the two buses end to end to form a chain structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, including:

[0094] As Figure 2 shown, the starting electrical device on Route a of Column A is connected to the main interface of Route A or the main interface of Route B, the starting electrical device on Route b of Column A is connected to the slave interface of Route A or the slave interface of Route B, the other electrical devices after the starting electrical device on Route a of Column A are connected in sequence until the terminal electrical device of Route a of Column A, the terminal electrical device of Route a of Column A is communicatively connected to the terminal electrical device of Route b of Column A, and the other electrical devices before the terminal electrical device on Route b of Column A are connected in sequence until the starting electrical device of Route b of Column A, thereby forming a large ring network.

[0095] Based on the above large ring network, the embodiment of the present application further includes two power modules, which are respectively installed at any positions on Route a of Column A and Route b of Column A, and the two power modules are cascaded through a cascading module, thereby realizing capacity redundancy of the power modules. Specifically, if one of the power modules on Route a of Column A or Route b of Column A fails or is damaged, the other power supply can supply power to all the monitoring devices in the system, thereby ensuring normal communication of the communication ring network.

[0096] Embodiment 2

[0097] This embodiment is still the case when there is one set of bus assemblies. In this embodiment, the bus assemblies are denoted as Column A, and the upper and lower bus lines arranged vertically are respectively denoted as Route a of Column A and Route b of Column A;

[0098] As Figure 3 shown, the ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on one bus end to end to form a chain structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, including:

[0099] The starting electrical device on Route a of Column A communicates with the main interface of Route A, the terminal electrical device on Route a of Column A is connected to the slave interface of Route A, and the electrical devices between the starting electrical device and the terminal electrical device on Route a of Column A are connected end to end to form a first double ring network;

[0100] The starting electrical device on Route b of Column A communicates with the main interface of Route B, the terminal electrical device on Route b of Column A is communicatively connected to the slave interface of Route B, and the electrical devices between the starting electrical device and the terminal electrical device on Route b of Column A are connected end to end to form a second double ring network.

[0101] At this time, the ring network controller uses all 4 interfaces. After all the devices on path a are connected end to end, the electrical device at the very front, i.e., the initial electrical device, communicates with the main interface of path A, and the electrical device at the tail communicates with the slave interface of path A. After all the devices on path b are connected end to end, the electrical device at the very front communicates with the main interface of path B, and the electrical device at the tail is connected to the slave interface of path B, thus forming two ring networks. In order to improve the power supply stability of the two ring networks, a power module is added to the ring network. If at least one ring network needs to continue operating, two power modules can be set, which are respectively installed on the link where the first double ring network is located and the link where the second double ring network is located. Otherwise, these two power supplies need to be cascaded using a cascading module. Specifically, an initial cascading unit can be used for cascading connection to ensure that the two ring networks can operate simultaneously, thereby ensuring the stability of ring network communication.

[0102] Embodiment 3

[0103] Combined with the technical content of Embodiment 1, when there are two groups of bus assemblies, it includes:

[0104] As Figure 4 shown, the first group of bus assemblies is denoted as column A, and the upper and lower bus lines arranged vertically are respectively denoted as path a of column A and path b of column A; the second group of bus assemblies is denoted as column B, and the upper and lower bus lines arranged vertically are respectively denoted as path a of column B and path b of column B;

[0105] The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices corresponding to the bus assemblies in the same group to form a power supply ring network, including:

[0106] The initial electrical device on path a of column A communicates with the main interface of path A, the initial electrical device on path b of column A is connected to the slave interface of path A, the tail electrical device on path a of column A is connected to the tail electrical device on path b of column A, so that the main interface of path A is sequentially connected to the initial electrical device on path a of column A, the intermediate electrical device on path a of column A, the tail electrical device on path a of column A, the tail electrical device on path b of column A, the intermediate electrical device on path b of column A, the initial electrical device on path b of column A, and the slave interface of path A to form the first double ring network;

[0107] The main interface of path B is sequentially connected to the initial electrical device on path a of column B, the intermediate electrical device on path a of column B, the tail electrical device on path a of column B, the tail electrical device on path b of column B, the intermediate electrical device on path b of column B, the initial electrical device on path b of column B, and the slave interface of path B to form the second double ring network.

[0108] As Figure 5, in a specific embodiment, the connection and communication of the first dual-ring network include A-path main interface - start-end box - start-end cascading unit - relay unit - plug-in box - plug-in box -,..., - plug-in box - end-end cascading unit - end-end cascading unit - plug-in box - relay unit - plug-in box -,..., - plug-in box - relay unit - start-end cascading - start-end box - A-path slave interface;

[0109] The connection and communication of the second dual-ring network include B-path main interface - start-end box - start-end cascading unit - relay unit - plug-in box - plug-in box -,..., - plug-in box - end-end cascading unit - end-end cascading unit - plug-in box - relay unit - plug-in box -,..., - plug-in box - relay unit - start-end cascading - start-end box - B-path slave interface.

[0110] In the above specific ring network link, the front start-end box is connected by a prefabricated cable, and the sockets of the start-end cascading unit are used, that is, 2 5P sockets. Each socket contains 485 communication lines and DC24V lines. 1 cable realizes power supply and communication, and 2 cables can connect 2 devices.

[0111] After forming the corresponding dual-ring network according to the above disclosure, in order to improve its stability and security, two power modules are also installed. If the dual-ring network can accept non-simultaneous operation, the two power modules are respectively arranged on the links where the first dual-ring network and the second dual-ring network are located;

[0112] If the dual-ring network needs to work simultaneously, the two power modules are cascaded and connected by a cascading module;

[0113] Of course, this embodiment does not limit the implementation method of ring network security, and the following methods can also be implemented:

[0114] Or it includes four power modules, which are respectively installed on the links where A column a path, A column b path, B column a path and B column b path are located, and the power modules on A column a path and A column b path are cascaded and connected by a cascading module, and the power modules on B column a path and B column b path are cascaded and connected by a cascading module.

[0115] Embodiment 4

[0116] Based on Embodiment 1, the present application can also connect the electrical equipment corresponding to the two groups of bus components to form a power supply ring network, including:

[0117] Such as Figure 6As shown, the electrical device at the start end on path a of column A is communicatively connected to the main interface of path A or the main interface of path B. The electrical device at the end on path a of column A is connected to the electrical device at the end on path b of column A. The electrical device at the start end on path b of column A is communicatively connected to the electrical device at the start end on path a of column B. The electrical device at the end on path a of column B is connected to the electrical device at the end on path b of column B. The electrical device at the start end on path b of column B is communicatively connected to the slave interface of path A or the slave interface of path B, thereby forming a large loop network that connects all electrical devices in series.

[0118] As Figure 7 As shown, a connection method of a large loop network in this embodiment is as follows: Connect from the A-channel host port of the controller to the start box of path b of column A - start cascade unit - relay unit - patch panel - patch panel -,..., patch panel, - relay unit - end cascade - end cascade of path a of column A - patch panel - relay unit - patch panel,..., - patch panel - relay unit - start cascade - start box - start box of path b of column B - start cascade unit - relay unit - patch panel - patch panel -,..., patch panel, - relay unit - end cascade - end cascade of path a of column B - patch panel - relay unit - patch panel,..., - patch panel - relay unit - start cascade - start box - A-channel slave interface of the controller.

[0119] The above large loop network can meet the loop network communication requirements of customers under the condition of connecting a large number of devices. And to improve its stability and security, multiple power modules are connected. In this embodiment, the first power module is set on path a of column A or path b of column A, and the second power module is set on path a of column B or path b of column B.

[0120] In a preferred way, install a power module on path a of column A and install a power module on path a of column B at the same time. The installation distance between the two power modules can be considered to be farther. In this connection method, even if one power module fails, the communication loop network can still continue to operate.

[0121] In the specific solutions of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 - Embodiment 5, whether it is a large ring network or a dual-ring network, the head and tail are respectively connected to the A-channel main interface and the A-channel slave interface or the B-channel main interface and the B-channel slave interface of the controller. Such a connection method can effectively prevent single-point failures. That is, when any patch panel, head-end box, or repeater is being repaired or replaced, the ring network communication module immediately and automatically switches seamlessly to another acquisition port to collect data. For example, in a communication loop containing N devices, if the N / 2-th device fails, the communication ring network switches seamlessly. That is, acquisition port 1 collects (1 - N / 2) devices, and acquisition port 2 collects (N / 2 - N) devices. The above can ensure that other monitoring units in online operation are not affected, and the real-time nature of data acquisition is also not affected. In this embodiment, acquisition port 1 can be the A-channel main interface or the B-channel main interface, and acquisition port 2 can be the A-channel slave interface or the B-channel slave interface. By comparing whether the data packets of the main interface and the slave interface at the same moment are consistent, when they are inconsistent, the acquisition is switched from the main interface to the slave interface or from the slave interface to the main interface.

[0122] Moreover, the above-mentioned intelligent ring network controller provides 2 RS485 - MODBUS - RTU ring network interfaces. Without connecting a repeater, each interface can access 30 devices. When using a repeater, each interface can be connected to up to 200 devices. Optimally, 1 repeater is connected in series among every 30 devices. And the ring network interface can supply power (DC24V) to the devices at the same time. When both 2 DC24V input terminals are connected to the power supply, the power supply of the devices will have a redundancy function, that is, as long as any one of the input power supplies is normal, the devices can work normally.

[0123] Moreover, the power supply modules in the above-mentioned embodiments all adopt a structure that facilitates position adjustment. The specific structure includes: The function of this module is to obtain AC220V power (or DC240V) from the composite busbar, and convert it to DC24V through a power conversion module and finally output it to the low-voltage DC power bus of the composite busbar through an adapter board. It includes an upper shell and a lower shell that is butt-connected to the upper shell. The upper shell and the lower shell form an accommodation space. Inside the accommodation space, a power conversion module, a mounting plate, and a plugging component are sequentially fixed. The power conversion module is connected through the mounting plate and the plugging component, which is used to realize the conversion from AC to DC. And an installation hole is opened on the lower shell, and a part of the plugging component is exposed from the installation hole. The plugging component includes a plugging box and a signal component, and the signal components are all embedded in the plugging box.

[0124] The plug-in box includes a main board. One side of the main board facing the upper shell is the A side, and the side opposite to the A side 511 is the B side. At least five groups of card slots with a certain height are provided on the main board located on the B side, that is, the card slots have a certain height and are used to be clamped on the busbar. A first through hole is provided on the main board corresponding to each group of card slots, and the power-taking reed is placed in the card slot after passing through the first through hole.

[0125] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the card slot includes an upper plate and a lower plate. Protrusions are provided at corresponding positions on the upper plate and the lower plate. After the power-taking reed passes through the first through hole, it is placed between two corresponding protrusions. The setting of the protrusions is used to reduce the distance between the upper and lower plates, so as to facilitate the fixation and positioning of the power-taking reed after passing through the first through hole, prevent shaking, and better clamp with the composite busbar. Specifically, in this embodiment, it can be a structural schematic diagram of a signal component. Two groups of power-taking small plates and power-taking reeds are correspondingly arranged and installed in the plug-in box respectively. The upper and lower ends are signal board components, which are plugged into the plug slots through signal elastic pieces and are used to connect other components and transfer communication with them.

[0126] Embodiment 6

[0127] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a device configuration and monitoring method for a horizontal end distribution system, and the method includes the following steps:

[0128] Among them, as Figure 9 shown, this configuration method is applicable to the ring network of any structure described above, and the corresponding configuration method includes:

[0129] S1 Configure the addresses of the main interface and the slave interface of the ring network controller, and judge whether the current network is a ring network or a single network according to the configured addresses, and save the current configuration result;

[0130] In the steps of this embodiment, one way adopted is: judging whether the current network is a ring network or a single network according to the configured addresses specifically includes:

[0131] Set the minimum value and the maximum value of the main interface address in use, and set the minimum value and the maximum value of the slave interface address in use; if the minimum value of the main interface address is the same as the minimum value of the slave interface, and the maximum value of the main interface address is the same as the maximum value of the slave interface, it is determined that it is a power supply ring network communication, otherwise, it is a single network communication.

[0132] Combined with this power distribution system, the specific configuration method can be:

[0133] The ring network controller has 4 485 interfaces, namely the main interface of ring network A, the slave interface of ring network A, the main interface of ring network B, and the slave interface of ring network B. These 4 interfaces can define the functions of the interfaces through parameter configuration, and the configuration process is as follows:

[0134] 1) Connect the computer to the "monitor screen serial port" with an RS232 cable and open the serial port assistant.

[0135] 2) Press the board configuration button for 5 seconds, and the board enters the configuration mode, outputting "into set mode!

[0136] 3) Send the address ranges of 4 485 interfaces, as Figure 8 shown;

[0137] 4) If the addresses set for the main interface and the slave interface are the same, it is ring network communication; if they are different, it is single network communication.

[0138] 5) Press the board configuration button again for 1 second, and the board exits the configuration mode, outputting "exit set mode!

[0139] 6) When the board is powered on again, it will print the results saved in the memory.

[0140] S2 automatically configures addresses for the electrical devices in the power supply ring network, as Figure 10 shown. One implementation mode of this embodiment is:

[0141] Step 21 starts the configuration, and each device on the link collects the AD value.

[0142] Step 22 The ring network controller sends a polling data frame, and the data frame contains the AD value to be polled. For each frame sent, the AD value increases by 10, and the total range is 0 - 4096.

[0143] Step 23 The devices on the link compare the AD values included in each received data frame. When the difference between the received AD value and its own AD value is between positive 5 and negative 6, an acknowledgment frame is sent.

[0144] Step 24 After the ring network controller receives the acknowledgment frame, it sets an address for the device that responds.

[0145] In another way in this embodiment, as Figure 11 shown, the address configuration method for the electrical devices in the ring network can specifically include the following steps:

[0146] S21 issues an automatic address configuration frame including all devices to be configured and arranges them in order;

[0147] For example, the automatic address configuration frame sent from the screen contains the addresses of all devices to be configured, arranged in sequence. Example frame: 0002 005D 001D 001C 001B 001A 0019 0018 0017 0016 0015 005C 0014 0013 0012 0011 0010 000F 000E 005B 000D 000C 000B CRC.

[0148] The host of the ring network controller described in S22 traverses the AD values of all devices and sets the reference value of each device based on the reference AD value.

[0149] In this embodiment, the calculation steps of the AD value include:

[0150] The A or B main interface of the ring network controller outputs a certain value of current. Each device on the link is provided with a sampling resistor at the plug. The current flows through the resistor to form a voltage, and the voltage is transmitted to the AD pin of the device for sampling. The resistance values of the resistors in series for devices at different positions are different, so the formed voltage values are also different, and thus the AD values of the corresponding devices are obtained. For example, when 10 mA of current is output from the main interface, each device on the link has a 10-ohm sampling resistor at the plug. The current flows through the resistor to form a voltage for sampling the AD pin of the device. The resistance values of the resistors in series for devices at different positions are different, so the formed voltage values are also different. In this embodiment, this is because different numbers of 10-ohm resistors are accumulated for devices at different positions, so the formed voltage values are also different.

[0151] Based on the obtained current AD value, by setting different currents and sampling resistors, multiple reference AD values are obtained, and the average value of the multiple reference AD values is taken as the reference value. In this embodiment, at least 32 groups of reference AD values are obtained, and the set currents and sampling resistors are all within a certain range, which needs to conform to the conventional settings in this industry.

[0152] The host described in S23 determines whether the AD value of the current device is within the defined range. If it is within its defined range, the AD sampling value of the current device and the corresponding address frame are saved;

[0153] In this embodiment, the specific determination method for the defined range includes:

[0154] Determine whether the AD value of the current device is between [reference value - 5, reference value + 6]. If it is within this range, save the AD value of the current device and the corresponding address frame.

[0155] In this embodiment, the ring network controller sends a scan frame, which contains the AD value to be scanned. The address queue sent from the screen is corresponded to the AD values of the corresponding devices. The specific corresponding method is not limited in this embodiment and can be a fixed mathematical function.

[0156] And in this embodiment, the automatic address configuration frame is divided by the host into a starting address and remaining addresses. After the starting address is determined, the AD value of the current device is made to correspond one by one with other addresses. If the correspondence is successful, the valid remaining addresses are added to the corresponding device.

[0157] Therefore, S24 sets the starting addresses of each device;

[0158] In this embodiment, first find the starting address according to the set determination conditions, specifically including:

[0159] The starting addresses of all devices need to be placed between the set minimum address and maximum address. The set minimum address and maximum address are the possible address data of the relevant electrical equipment on the link in the same industry or the random addresses sent by the screen. This embodiment does not make specific restrictions on them. If the corresponding address frame is between the minimum address and the maximum address, it is a valid starting address.

[0160] S25 calculates the difference between the AD values of the device collected twice successively, and then calculates the second difference of adjacent differences. If the second difference is greater than the set threshold, it is determined that one device is missing in the middle, and the address setting at the position of the missing device is skipped. Otherwise, it is determined that the devices are adjacent, and the starting address is set into the corresponding device.

[0161] That is, if the three collections are recorded as ABC, A - B = x, B - C = y, if x - y is greater than 50, it is considered that one device is missing in the middle.

[0162] S26 The host sets the valid remaining addresses into the devices on the ring network and waits for the response frame to check whether the setting is successful.

[0163] Specifically, after the starting address is completed, the address frame corresponding to the AD value of the current device is made to correspond one by one with other addresses in the automatic address configuration frame. If the correspondence is successful, the valid remaining addresses are added to the corresponding device. That is, the address sequence is sent by the touch screen. The ring network host splits the sent address sequence into multiple addresses, makes one - to - one correspondence with the AD value, and sends them to the device separately to implement the function of configuring addresses for the board.

[0164] S3 monitors the states of each electrical device in the same power supply ring network of the horizontal end distribution system. If it is detected that one of the electrical devices is in an unusable state, the electrical devices between the current unusable electrical device and the A - path main interface or B - path main interface continue to communicate using the A - path main interface or B - path main interface; while for the electrical devices between the current unusable electrical device and the A - path slave interface or B - path slave interface, they switch to continue communicating using the A - path slave interface or B - path slave interface.

[0165] For example, in a communication loop containing N devices, if the N / 2-th device fails, the communication ring network can seamlessly switch. Acquisition port 1 acquires (1 - N / 2) devices, and acquisition port 2 acquires (N / 2 - N) devices. The above can ensure that other monitoring units in online operation are not affected, and the real-time performance of data acquisition is also not affected.

[0166] The intelligent ring network described in S4 sends the addresses and real-time statuses of the corresponding devices to the human-machine interaction screen to achieve real-time monitoring of the system.

[0167] The automatic address configuration function of the present invention solves the problem that the address configuration in the RS485 network is cumbersome and the automatic address configuration cannot be realized through software and hardware collaborative technology. Moreover, the calculation steps of the automatic address configuration function are simple and easy to implement, achieving the automatic address configuration function of the access devices with one power-on and one key after the user installs the devices and the communication network.

[0168] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0169] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A horizontal end distribution system, comprising a cabinet and a busbar assembly. The busbar assembly includes two busbars stacked and installed in the vertical direction. The busbars are installed on the top of the cabinet, and a plurality of electrical devices are sequentially installed on each busbar. It is characterized in that: The busbar assembly includes one or two groups. If the busbar assembly is one group, it is arranged on one side of the top of the cabinet. Otherwise, if the busbar assembly includes two groups, it is arranged on both sides of the top of the cabinet. The system further includes a ring network controller. When the busbar assembly is one group, the ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on one or two busbars end to end to form a chain structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, and to monitor the status of the electrical devices in the power supply ring network in real time. When the busbar assembly is two groups, the ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices corresponding to the busbar assembly of the same group to form a power supply ring network or to connect the electrical devices corresponding to the two busbar assemblies to form a power supply ring network, and to monitor the status of the electrical devices in the power supply ring network in real time.

2. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: The electrical devices include a terminal box, a cascading module, and a plurality of plug-in boxes, all of which are installed on the busbars. The terminal box is the input end of the power supply of the distribution system. The cascading module includes a start-end cascading unit and a tail-end cascading unit. The start-end cascading unit is installed near the terminal box and is used to access the terminal box monitoring device and the monitoring screen. The tail-end cascading unit is installed at the rear end of the busbar far from the terminal box and is used to cascade the power supply busbar and the communication busbar in the composite busbars of two independent busbar segments. The plug-in box is used to introduce the busbar power into the power distribution unit of the cabinet.

3. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ring network controller includes 4 interfaces, which are respectively denoted as the main interface of path A, the slave interface of path A, the main interface of path B, and the slave interface of path B, and all can be used as communication interfaces. The main interface is used as the main port of the master-slave network for master-slave communication, while the slave interface is in a listening mode to monitor the network communication situation in real time.

4. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 3, wherein: When the busbar assembly is one group, the busbar assembly is denoted as column A, and the lines where the upper and lower two vertically arranged busbars are located are respectively denoted as path a of column A and path b of column A. The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on the two busbars end to end to form a chain structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, including: The start-end electrical device on path a of column A is connected to the main interface of path A or the main interface of path B. The start-end electrical device on path b of column A is connected to the slave interface of path A or the slave interface of path B. The other electrical devices after the start-end electrical device on path a of column A are sequentially connected until the tail-end electrical device of path a of column A. The tail-end electrical device of path a of column A is communicatively connected to the tail-end electrical device of path b of column A. The other electrical devices before the tail-end electrical device on path b of column A are sequentially connected until the start-end electrical device of path b of column A, thereby forming a large ring network.

5. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes two power modules, which are respectively installed at any positions on path a of column A and path b of column A, and the two power modules are cascaded through the cascading module, thereby realizing the capacity redundancy of the power modules.

6. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 3, wherein: Denote the busbar assembly as Column A, and the lines where the upper and lower two vertically arranged busbars are located as Route A-a and Route A-b of Column A respectively; The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices on one busbar end to end to form a chain structure, thereby constituting a power supply ring network, including: The starting electrical device on Route A-a of Column A communicates with the main interface of Route A, the ending electrical device on Route A-a of Column A is connected to the slave interface of Route A, and the electrical devices between the starting electrical device and the ending electrical device on Route A-a of Column A are connected end to end to form a first double ring network; The starting electrical device on Route A-b of Column A communicates with the main interface of Route B, the ending electrical device on Route A-b of Column A is communicatively connected to the slave interface of Route B, and the electrical devices between the starting electrical device and the ending electrical device on Route A-b of Column A are connected end to end to form a second double ring network.

7. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 6, wherein: It also includes two power modules, which are respectively installed on the link where the first double ring network is located and the link where the second double ring network is located, and cascade modules are used to cascade the two power modules.

8. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When there are two groups of busbar assemblies, it includes: Denote the first group of busbar assemblies as Column A, and the lines where the upper and lower two vertically arranged busbars are located as Route A-a and Route A-b of Column A respectively; denote the second group of busbar assemblies as Column B, and the lines where the upper and lower two vertically arranged busbars are located as Route B-a and Route B-b of Column B respectively; The ring network controller is used to connect the electrical devices corresponding to the busbar assemblies in the same group to form a power supply ring network, including: The starting electrical device on Route A-a of Column A communicates with the main interface of Route A, the starting electrical device on Route A-b of Column A is connected to the slave interface of Route A, the ending electrical device on Route A-a of Column A is connected to the ending electrical device on Route A-b of Column A, so that the main interface of Route A is connected to the starting electrical device on Route A-a of Column A, the intermediate electrical device on Route A-a of Column A, the ending electrical device on Route A-a of Column A, the ending electrical device on Route A-b of Column A, the intermediate electrical device on Route A-b of Column A, the starting electrical device on Route A-b of Column A, and the slave interface of Route A in sequence to form a first double ring network; The main interface of Route B is connected to the starting electrical device on Route B-a of Column B, the intermediate electrical device on Route B-a of Column B, the ending electrical device on Route B-a of Column B, the ending electrical device on Route B-b of Column B, the intermediate electrical device on Route B-b of Column B, the starting electrical device on Route B-b of Column B, and the slave interface of Route B in sequence to form a second double ring network.

9. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 8, wherein: It also includes two power modules, which are respectively arranged on the links where the first double ring network and the second double ring network are located, and are cascade-connected by cascade modules; Or it includes four power modules, which are respectively installed on the links where Route A-a, Route A-b, Route B-a, and Route B-b of Column A and Column B are located, and the power modules on Route A-a and Route A-b of Column A are cascade-connected by cascade modules, and the power modules on Route B-a and Route B-b of Column B are cascade-connected by cascade modules.

10. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 8, wherein: The connection of the electrical devices corresponding to the two groups of busbar assemblies to form a power supply ring network includes: The electrical equipment at the starting end on Route a of Column A is communicatively connected to the main interface of Route A or the main interface of Route B. The electrical equipment at the ending end on Route a of Column A is connected to the electrical equipment at the ending end on Route b of Column A. The electrical equipment at the starting end on Route b of Column A is communicatively connected to the electrical equipment at the starting end on Route a of Column B. The electrical equipment at the ending end on Route a of Column B is connected to the electrical equipment at the ending end on Route b of Column B. The electrical equipment at the starting end on Route b of Column B is communicatively connected to the slave interface of Route A or the slave interface of Route B, thereby forming a large loop network that connects all electrical equipment in series.

11. The horizontal end distribution system according to claim 10, characterized in that: It further includes two power modules. The first power module is arranged on Route a or Route b of Column A, and the second power module is arranged on Route a or Route b of Column B. Multiple sets of plug slots are provided on the plug-in box in the power module, and the power module can be directly clamped at any position on the busbar by using the plug slots.

12. A device monitoring method obtained from the horizontal end distribution system according to any one of claims 3-11, characterized in that: It includes: Monitoring the status of each electrical equipment in the same power supply loop network of the horizontal end distribution system. If it is detected that one of the electrical equipment is in an unusable state, the electrical equipment between the currently unusable electrical equipment and the main interface of Route A or the main interface of Route B continues to communicate using the main interface of Route A or the main interface of Route B; For the electrical equipment between the currently unusable electrical equipment and the slave interface of Route A or the slave interface of Route B, switch to continue communicating using the slave interface of Route A or the slave interface of Route B.

13. The monitoring method according to claim 12, wherein: Before the status of the electrical equipment in the power supply loop network is monitored in real time, it includes: Configuring the addresses of the main interface and the slave interface of the loop network controller, and judging whether the current network is a loop network or a single network according to the configured addresses, and saving the current configuration result.

14. The monitoring method according to claim 13, wherein: The judging whether the current network is a loop network or a single network according to the configured addresses specifically includes: Setting the minimum value and the maximum value of the main interface address in use, and setting the minimum value and the maximum value of the slave interface address in use; if the minimum value of the main interface address is the same as the minimum value of the slave interface, and the maximum value of the main interface address is the same as the maximum value of the slave interface, it is determined as power supply loop network communication, otherwise, it is single network communication.

15. The monitoring method according to claim 13, wherein: Before the status of the electrical equipment in the power supply loop network is monitored in real time, it also includes: automatically configuring addresses for the electrical equipment in the power supply loop network. Specifically: Issuing an automatic address configuration frame including all the equipment to be configured and arranging them in sequence; The host of the loop network controller traverses the AD values of all equipment and sets the reference value for each equipment according to the reference AD value; The host judges whether the AD value of the current equipment is within the limited range. If it is within its limited range, the AD value of the current equipment is saved; First find the starting address according to the set judgment conditions; Calculate the difference between the AD values of the equipment collected twice successively, and then calculate the second difference of the adjacent differences. If the second difference is greater than the set threshold, it is determined that one equipment is missing in the middle, and the address setting of the missing equipment position is skipped. Otherwise, it is determined that the equipment is adjacent, and the starting address is set into the corresponding equipment; The host sets the valid remaining addresses into the devices on the ring network and waits for the response frame to check whether the setting is successful.

16. The monitoring method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The host determines whether the AD value of the current device is within the defined range. If it is within the defined range, the AD value of the current device is saved, including: Determine whether the AD value of the current device is between [reference value - 5, reference value + 6]. If it is within this range, the AD value of the current device is saved.

17. The monitoring method according to claim 16, characterized in that: The host of the ring network controller traverses the AD values of all devices and sets the reference value for each device according to the reference AD value, including: The main interface of the ring network controller outputs a certain value of current. Sampling resistors are provided at the connectors of each device on the link. The current flows through the resistors to form a voltage, and the voltage is transmitted to the AD pins of the devices for sampling. The resistance values in series for devices at different positions are different, so the formed voltage values are also different, and thus the AD values of the corresponding devices are obtained.

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