Saline-alkali desertification land comprehensive treatment system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment system and method for saline-alkali desertification land. The land treatment system is sequentially provided with a shrub sand pile creating unit, an annular plant sand barrier unit and an injection type salt and alkali treatment unit in the main wind direction. The shrub sand pile creation unit comprises at least one bubble curtain generation module and is used for generating a bubble curtain above the earth surface of the sandstorm saline-alkali soil and establishing a shrub sand pile; the annular plant sand barrier unit comprises a plurality of annular plant sand barrier structures and a plurality of reel planting units, each reel planting unit comprises a plurality of planting reel structures, and each planting reel structure comprises a reel-shaped soil carrier and plant seeds and / or plant seedlings; the injection type saline-alkali treatment unit comprises a plurality of underground fissure areas distributed in the sandstorm saline-alkali soil stratum, and the underground fissure areas are filled with saline-alkali soil improvement materials. According to the land treatment system, salt and alkali treatment and sand and sand protection are combined, the sand fixation effect of simulating a natural shrub sand pile can be achieved, and long-term wind resistance and sand fixation are achieved in a mode closer to the nature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a comprehensive management system and method for saline-alkali desertified land, belonging to the technical field of desert area ecological environment management. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali desertified land is land that has both salinization and desertification characteristics, that is, the soil has high salinity and a large sand content, vegetation is difficult to grow, and the ecosystem is fragile. my country's saline-alkali land area is about 99.13 million hectares, and there are more than 500 million mu of saline-alkali wasteland and saline-alkali land that is partially cultivated, of which about 200 million mu has the potential for development as agricultural arable land and grassland; in some areas, desertified land is still expanding. Saline-alkali desertified land has caused serious harm to agricultural production and the ecological environment, so it is of great significance to establish an effective method for the management of saline-alkali desertified land.

[0003] At present, there are four main measures taken by my country to control salinized and desertified land. The first is water improvement methods, including irrigation to wash salt, diverting fresh water to dissolve salt and discharge it through the drainage system. Build drainage systems, such as open ditches, underground pipes or vertical wells for drainage; the second is physical improvement methods, including deep plowing and deep turning to improve soil salt distribution. Improve foreign soil and replace low-salt soil. Cover to inhibit salt and reduce water evaporation; then there are chemical improvement methods, including applying improvers to reduce soil pH and replace sodium ions. Increase the application of organic fertilizers to improve soil structure; there are also biological improvement methods, including planting salt-tolerant plants to absorb salt and using salt-tolerant microorganisms to improve soil.

[0004] Although the above methods can effectively improve saline-alkali desertified land, there are still many technical problems in the management of saline-alkali desertified land. The first is the difficulty in washing and draining. In the process of leaching salt, a large amount of fresh water is needed, but in many saline-alkali desertified areas, fresh water resources are scarce, and if the drainage system is not perfect, the salt water after washing the salt cannot be discharged, and it will re-infiltrate into the soil, causing salt accumulation. The second is the complexity of soil structure remodeling. The soil structure of saline-alkali desertified land is poor, with many sand particles and weak agglomeration. Improving soil structure, such as increasing the content of organic colloids in the soil, is difficult to operate, and is often accompanied by large-scale operations such as deep plowing, soil replacement, and setting up irrigation and drainage facilities. The topsoil is greatly disturbed, and the risk of wind erosion is high. In addition, the cost of the improvement project is high and the process is complex, requiring long-term and continuous investment to see obvious results.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, we have developed a comprehensive management system and method for saline-alkali desertified land, aiming to combine saline-alkali management with wind and sand protection, establish a less-disturbance, multifunctional comprehensive protection system for saline-alkali desertified land, and reduce the damage caused by saline-alkali and wind and sand to roads, energy and other facilities. Summary of the invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive treatment system and method for saline-alkali desertified land.

[0007] To achieve the foregoing invention purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention provides a comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali desertified land, including a shrub sand dune creation unit, an annular plant sand barrier unit, and an injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit arranged in sequence along the main wind direction;

[0009] Among them, the shrub sand dune creation unit is used to create shrub sand dunes on the sandy saline-alkali land, and includes at least one bubble curtain generating module. The bubble curtain generating module is arranged on the sandy saline-alkali land and is used to generate a bubble curtain above the surface of the sandy saline-alkali land. The bubble curtain is a solid fan-shaped or inverted conical high-speed gas-liquid mixed flow, and the liquid is dispersed in the gas in the form of small droplets. The high-speed gas plays a role in transporting and dispersing the droplets. The distribution height range of the bubble curtain in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps with the distribution height range of the sand flow flowing above the surface of the sandy saline-alkali land;

[0010] The annular plant sand barrier unit includes a plurality of annular plant sand barrier structures and a plurality of reel planting units. The annular plant sand barrier structure includes an annular sprinkler mechanism and a composite sand barrier. The annular sprinkler mechanism is arranged above the surface of the sandy saline-alkali land, and the water droplet falling surface of the annular sprinkler mechanism is annular, and is used to form an annular irrigation area on the ground of the sandy saline-alkali land. The composite sand barrier includes dead plant branches inserted in the annular irrigation area and living sand-tolerant saline-alkali plants planted between two adjacent dead plant branches. Moreover, the reel planting units are distributed below the surface of the living sand-tolerant saline-alkali plants in the annular irrigation area, and the top is flush with the surface. The reel planting unit includes a reel-shaped soil carrier and plant seeds and / or plant seedlings. The reel-shaped soil carrier includes a reel wound by geotextile and planting materials wound in the reel. The roots of the plant seeds and / or plant seedlings are distributed in the planting materials;

[0011] The injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit includes a plurality of underground fracture zones distributed in the formation of the sandy saline-alkali land, and the underground fracture zones are filled with saline-alkali soil improvement materials.

[0012] Further, each of the shrub sand dune creation unit, the annular plant sand barrier unit, and the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit is distributed on a corresponding functional strip. A plurality of the functional strips are arranged in parallel, and there is a blank area between adjacent functional strips. The extension direction of the functional strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction, and the width of the blank area is 10-20m.

[0013] Further, a protected object is arranged at the downwind of the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit.

[0014] Further, the bubble curtain generating module includes a bubble generator, which is respectively connected to a gas source supply mechanism and a liquid supply mechanism, and the gas source supply mechanism is connected to a triggering mechanism.

[0015] Further, the bubble curtain generating module is connected to a support structure and is installed above the surface of the sandy and saline-alkali land through the support structure.

[0016] Further, the covering height of the bubble curtain is 1 - 2 m, and the diameter is 1 - 2 m.

[0017] Further, the bubble generator includes a Venturi nozzle, and the height of the outlet of the Venturi nozzle from the ground surface is 5 - 20 cm.

[0018] Further, there are multiple bubble generators, each bubble generator includes a Venturi nozzle, and multiple Venturi nozzles are arranged in a triangular shape on the ground surface in the upwind direction of the sandy and saline-alkali land, and the distance between adjacent nozzles is 2 - 5 m.

[0019] Further, the jet direction of the Venturi nozzle in the bubble generator faces the main wind direction and is set obliquely upward at 50 - 90°.

[0020] Preferably, the jet direction of the Venturi nozzle in the bubble generator faces the main wind direction and is set obliquely upward at 60°.

[0021] Further, the shrub sand dune creation unit further includes a triggering mechanism, which is at least used to turn on the bubble generator in the presence of a sand-dust flow.

[0022] Further, the planting material is in the form of wet aggregates and includes uniformly mixed humus soil, sandy soil, decomposed sheep manure, and water.

[0023] Further, the drum is formed by winding a rectangular geotextile and is cylindrical as a whole. The height of the drum is 30 - 60 cm, and the diameter is 12 - 40 cm.

[0024] Further, there are 3 - 5 layers of planting material distributed inside the drum, and the thickness of each layer of planting material is 2 - 4 cm.

[0025] Further, the porosity of the geotextile is 30 - 50%.

[0026] Further, the length of the geotextile is 30 - 150 cm.

[0027] Further, there are 2 - 5 grams of plant seeds or the roots of 2 - 5 plant seedlings distributed inside each planting drum structure.

[0028] Further, the plant seedlings include psammophyte shrub seedlings, and the plant seeds include shrub and herb seeds.

[0029] Further, the outer diameter of the circular irrigation area is 1 - 3 m, and the width of the circular ring is 20 - 50 cm.

[0030] Further, multiple circular sprinkler mechanisms are arranged in a triangular pattern, and the distance between adjacent sprinklers is 1 - 3 m.

[0031] Further, the psammophyte salt - tolerant plants include psammophyte salt - tolerant shrub and herb plants.

[0032] Further, the circular sprinkler mechanism is at least used to spray humic acid solution in the circular irrigation area.

[0033] Further, the depth of the underground fissure area is 50 - 100 cm, the diameter is 1 - 3 m, and the width of the overlapping area between adjacent underground fissure areas is 0.3 m.

[0034] Further, the saline - alkali soil improvement material is granular, and the particle size is 1 - 4 mm.

[0035] Further, the saline - alkali soil improvement material includes uniformly mixed humic acid, well - decomposed farmyard manure, organic matter, gypsum, and microbial inoculum.

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a comprehensive treatment method for saline - alkali and sandy land. The method is implemented based on the comprehensive treatment system for saline - alkali and sandy land, and the method includes:

[0037] Successively set up a shrub - sand - dune creation unit, a reel - planting unit, a circular plant - sand - barrier unit, and an injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit along the main wind direction on the saline - alkali and sandy land to be treated;

[0038] Generate a bubble curtain with the bubble - curtain generating module in the shrub - sand - dune creation unit, and plant psammophyte salt - tolerant shrub and herb plants within the range of the sand surface where the bubble curtain falls, so as to promote the accumulation and fixation of wind - blown sand, and thus form a shrub - sand - dune on the downwind side of the bubble curtain;

[0039] Grow the plant seeds and / or plant seedlings in the reel - planting unit;

[0040] Grow the plants in the circular plant - sand - barrier unit;

[0041] At least plant salt - tolerant plants in the underground fissure area in the injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit, and perform multi - point aeration 2 - 3 times a year according to the soil salinity level and the crop growth cycle, and fill the saline - alkali soil improvement material in the underground fissure area.

[0042] Further, the method specifically includes:

[0043] At least a ring-shaped sprinkler mechanism sprays a humic acid solution onto the ground of the sandy and saline-alkali land to form a ring-shaped irrigation area, and dead plant branches are cuttaged and living sand-tolerant saline-alkali plants are planted in the ring-shaped irrigation area to form a composite sand barrier, thereby forming a ring-shaped plant sand barrier unit.

[0044] Further, the method specifically includes:

[0045] Using a soil aerator to perform multi-point aeration treatment on the formation of the sandy and saline-alkali land, loosening the compacted saline-alkali soil to form the underground fissure area;

[0046] Using a soil aerator to inject granular saline-alkali soil improvement materials into the underground fissure area, thereby forming the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include:

[0048] 1. The bubble curtain provided by the shrub sand dune creation unit in the upwind direction of the present invention is formed by mixing compressed air and water. When the wind contacts the bubble curtain, the rupture and movement of the bubbles can disrupt the flow of the wind, consume wind energy, thereby reducing the wind speed and settling sand grains. During the process of sand grain accumulation, combined with plant planting, a shrub sand dune is quickly formed for sand fixation. It has a great difference from the principle of the spray measure for sand fixation, in which the mist droplets contact the sand grains, increase the overall weight of the sand grains, and promote their falling. The sand prevention effect is also better. In addition, while the continuous shrub sand dune group fixes the wind and sand, the saline-alkali land surface is gradually changed into a sand-accumulating land surface. The capillary action between sand grains is weaker than that inside the saline-alkali soil, which will inhibit the upward movement and accumulation process of salts and reduce the soil salinity;

[0049] 2. The bubble curtain and the ring-shaped sprinkler will both increase the air and soil humidity in the downwind direction, respectively promoting the growth of plants in the ring-shaped plant sand barrier unit and the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit, realizing the synergistic effect between the units. It integrates multiple functions of sand fixation and dust reduction, irrigation of vegetation, establishment of shrub sand dunes, and reduction of salinity. The system mimics the sand fixation principle of natural shrub sand dunes, quickly establishes through the bubble curtain, simulates the curve and slope of the shrub sand dunes, and blocks the wind and fixes the sand in a more natural way for a long time, thereby increasing the sand fixation efficiency. It is applicable to the wind and sand protection inside the photovoltaic power plant array area, with a flexible installation position, capable of adapting to various complex terrains and environments. Air pump spraying is more water-saving, with low energy consumption, little environmental impact, relatively low cost, high stability, and safe and reliable;

[0050] 3. In the annular plant sand barrier unit of the present invention, a rectangular geotextile is wound and filled with planting materials to form a reel planting unit. The multiple side walls of the geotextile can promote the infiltration of water vertically to the periphery of the root system and have good multi-layer water retention function horizontally. The geotextile is densely covered with pores for the penetration of plant roots to ensure the growth of plants. Compared with general large-area sprinkler irrigation, the irrigation area of the annular plant sand barrier unit is circular and more concentrated, enabling the humic acid solution to act more precisely around the plant roots, improving the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, and reducing the soil salinity. In the early stage, cuttings are used to fix the sand. In the later stage, with the growth of vegetation, a ring-shaped living body and branch composite sand fixation barrier is formed, with quick and high-efficiency sand fixation effect;

[0051] 4. A large number of fissures are formed inside the soil body during the aeration process, which can block the capillary action to a certain extent and inhibit the migration and accumulation process of underground saline-alkali water to the surface. Therefore, the soil salinity of the surface soil can be effectively reduced; at the same time, these fissures are beneficial to the infiltration of water, flushing and discharging the accumulated salts and alkalis on the surface to deeper soil layers, which will further reduce the salt and alkali content of the topsoil and promote the enrichment of salts and alkalis in the deeper soil layers; for the accumulation of deep-layer salts, a mixture of materials such as humic acid, well-rotted farmyard manure, organic matter, gypsum, and microbial inoculants is injected into the fissures to play a role in improving the deep-layer saline-alkali soil and facilitating the growth of plant roots. Therefore, the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit can reduce the salinity of the surface layer and the deep layer of the entire soil layer, with thorough improvement, high efficiency, simple construction, environmental friendliness, and low cost. It can effectively improve soil aeration, increase soil microbial activity, improve soil structure, and enhance soil self-purification ability. And there is no need for complex processes such as surface spreading and tillage. The processes of soil aeration and injection of material particles have little disturbance to the surface, and can effectively avoid the harm of wind erosion and sand raising during the construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the shrub sand mound creation unit and the process of increasing the amount of sand accumulation of the shrub sand mound in a comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 is a top view of the shrub sand mound and the shrub sand mound creation unit in a comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the annular plant sand barrier structure in a comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5It is a schematic structural diagram of the second plant unit and the reel planting unit of a comprehensive management system for saline-alkali desertified land according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, main wind direction; 2, shrub sand dune creation unit; 4, annular plant sand barrier unit; 5, bubble curtain; 6, shrub sand dune; 7, annular plant sand barrier structure; 8, reel planting unit; 9, windward side; 10, leeward side; 11, first plant unit; 12, annular sprinkler mechanism; 13, second plant unit; 14, reel-shaped soil carrier; 15, filling layer; 16, third plant unit; 17, injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit; 18, fracture zone; 19, material; 20, fourth plant unit; 21, protected object; 22, ground surface; 23, migration route of sand grains after settlement; 24, bubble generator. Detailed implementation manners

[0058] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventors of this case have proposed the technical solution of the present invention through long-term research and a large number of practices. The following will further explain the technical solution, its implementation process, principles, etc.

[0059] Embodiment 1

[0060] As Figures 1-5 shown, this embodiment provides a comprehensive management system for saline-alkali desertified land based on a bubble curtain, including a shrub sand dune creation unit 2, an annular plant sand barrier unit 4, and an injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit 17 arranged in sequence along the main wind direction 1. Among them, the shrub sand dune creation unit 2 can form a bubble curtain 5 to achieve multiple functions such as reducing wind speed, settling sand grains, and forming shrub sand dunes; the annular plant sand barrier structure 7 and the reel planting structure of the annular plant sand barrier unit 4 can form an annular cutting and living composite plant cell to fix sand and conserve water; the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit 17 can effectively reduce the saline-alkali content of the ground surface 22 and deep soil and improve various soil properties.

[0061] The shrub sand dune creation unit 2 includes an air source mechanism, a liquid source mechanism, a bubble generator 24 and a triggering mechanism. The air source mechanism and the liquid source mechanism are both connected to the bubble generator 24, and are used to be triggered by the sand grains flowing in the air through the triggering mechanism and convey the air source and liquid medium required for generating bubbles to the bubble generator 24. The shrub sand dune creation unit 2 is used to form a bubble curtain 5 and settle the sand grains flowing along the main wind direction 1. The shrub sand dune 3 is formed by the sand grains settled by the bubble curtain 5. The bubble curtain and the plants cooperate with each other to promote sand accumulation and form a stable and natural sand fixation structure of the shrub sand dune. Preferably, the shrub sand dune creation unit 2 further includes a pipeline system and a support assembly. The pipeline system is arranged between the air source mechanism and the bubble generator 24 and / or between the liquid source mechanism and the bubble generator 24, and is used to convey the air source and liquid medium to the bubble generator 24 to form a bubble curtain, while the support assembly supports and fixes the entire shrub sand dune creation unit 2.

[0062] Moreover, the first plant unit 11 is planted on the shrub sand dune 6. The first plant unit 11 is used to stabilize the shrub sand dune 6, which is beneficial to establishing the shrub sand dune 6 by imitating the sand fixation principle of the natural shrub sand dune and blocking the wind and fixing the sand in a more natural way for a long time.

[0063] It should be noted that the air source mechanism includes but is not limited to any one of an air compressor or a blower. Among them, the air compressor can compress and convey air into the subsequent pipeline system, and the blower makes the air flow by rotating the blades. The main function of the air source mechanism is to provide the air source required for generating bubbles.

[0064] The liquid source mechanism is a container filled with liquid (usually water), and a liquid level control system is also equipped inside the liquid source mechanism to maintain the liquid level stable. The liquid source mechanism is connected to the bubble generator 24 through the pipeline system to provide the liquid medium for generating the bubble curtain.

[0065] The bubble generator 24 is the core component. The bubble generator 24 includes but is not limited to any one of a microporous aeration head or a spray head. Among them, there are many tiny holes inside the microporous aeration head, and air enters the liquid through these holes under the action of pressure to form fine bubbles; the spray head mixes and breaks the air and liquid into small bubbles through a special structure, such as a Venturi spray head, which uses the high-speed air flow to generate negative pressure inside the spray head, sucks in the liquid and mixes to generate bubbles. Moreover, the microporous aeration heads or spray heads of the bubble generator 24 are arranged in a triangular pattern on the surface 22 of the upwind of the sandy, saline and alkaline land, and the distance between the spray heads is 2 - 5m, and the height of the outlet position leaking out of the surface 22 is 5 - 20cm.

[0066] Moreover, the shrub - sand - dune creation unit 2 further includes a triggering mechanism, which includes: a wind erosion sensor and a triggering controller. The wind erosion sensor uses the H11 or H14 type wind erosion sensor produced by Campbell Company in the United States. Set the height of the piezoelectric element of the wind erosion sensor from the ground surface to 5 cm, and monitor the starting condition of the sand - wind flow in real - time. Once the sand grains in the sand - wind flow impact the piezoelectric element, the sensor can automatically trigger the triggering controller through program settings. The triggering controller is connected to the air source mechanism and controls the air source mechanism to start working, spraying water and air at high speed from the bubble generator 24 to form a bubble curtain 5, which is used to block the wind and fix the sand, and gradually quickly establish a shrub - sand - dune 6 on the leeward side. Both the wind erosion sensor and the triggering controller are connected to the power supply system, such as the power supply system in a photovoltaic power field.

[0067] The pipeline system includes a conveying pipeline and a distribution pipeline. Among them, the conveying pipeline is used to convey the air source and the liquid medium to the bubble generator 24, and the conveying pipeline needs to have sufficient strength and tightness to withstand a certain pressure and prevent gas and liquid leakage; when there are multiple bubble generators 24, the distribution pipeline can evenly distribute air and liquid to each bubble generator 24 to ensure the uniformity of the bubble curtain.

[0068] The support assembly includes a frame and an adjusting device. The frame is used to fix the shrub - sand - dune creation unit 2 and the pipeline system. The materials of the frame include but are not limited to metals (such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy) and high - strength plastics. The frame needs to have sufficient strength and stability to bear the weight of the device itself and the external forces that may be encountered in the outdoor environment, such as sand - wind erosion, collision, etc.; the adjusting device can adjust the height and angle of the bubble generator 24. The height adjustment can adapt to different protection objects 21 and environmental requirements, and the angle adjustment is to better align the bubble curtain with the wind direction to achieve the best wind - blocking effect. Generally, the microporous aeration head or nozzle of the bubble generator 24 faces the main wind direction and is set obliquely upward at 60°.

[0069] The following is a specific description of the synergistic effect of the shrub - sand dune creation unit 2 and the shrub - sand dune 6: The bubble generator 24 is respectively connected to the gas source supply mechanism and the liquid supply mechanism through a pipeline system. The gas source supply mechanism is connected to the triggering mechanism, and the triggering mechanism includes a wind erosion sensor and a trigger controller. When the sand - wind flow passes by, sand grains impact the wind erosion sensor, which can activate the trigger controller, and the trigger controller will control the air pump to start working. When the microporous aeration head or nozzle of the bubble generator 24 faces the main wind direction and is set obliquely upward at 60°, it has a greater impact force and can achieve the best use effect. The bubble curtain 5 ejected by the microporous aeration head or nozzle of the bubble generator 24 is in a solid fan - shaped or inverted conical shape, and the ejected substance is in a gas - liquid mixed state. The liquid is dispersed in the gas in the form of small droplets, and the high - speed gas plays a role in transporting and dispersing the droplets. The covering height of the bubble curtain 5 is 1 - 2 m, and the diameter is 1 - 2 m. Since the transmission height of the sand - wind flow is generally within a range of dozens of centimeters, when these sand grains impact the bubble curtain 5, they will consume energy and decelerate and fall to the sand surface within a range of dozens of centimeters to several meters in the downwind direction, thereby forming the shrub - sand dune 6, which plays a role in fixing the drifting sand.

[0070] In the range of the sand surface where the bubble curtain 5 falls, sand - tolerant and saline - alkali - tolerant shrubs and grasses are planted. On the one hand, it can increase their survival rate. On the other hand, the plant measures combined with the bubble curtain 5 can play a dual role in sand fixation. With the sand accumulation caused by the wet ground surface 22 and the sand - accumulating effect brought by plant growth, the shrub - sand dune 6 will be quickly established in the downwind direction of the bubble curtain. Multiple microporous aeration heads or nozzles arranged in a triangular pattern can form multiple shrub - sand dunes 6 in their downwind direction and gradually form a group of shrub - sand dunes 6 distributed in a strip shape. In the later stage, these shrub - sand dunes 6 continue to grow and connect into a large area, forming a large - scale sand - accumulating belt. As time goes by, the wind - blocking and sand - fixing benefits will continue to increase.

[0071] The shrub - sand dune 6 has formed a natural wind - proof shape under the long - term action of wind and sand. This technical solution quickly establishes artificially and simulates the curves and slopes of shrub - sand dunes in nature, so that the shrub - sand dune 6 continuously increases with the settlement of sand grains, and the slope of the windward side 9 of the shrub - sand dune 6 is smaller than that of the leeward side 10. As time goes by, a large - scale bionic wind - sand protection structure is constructed, which can effectively reduce the wind speed, fix the drifting sand, and combined with vegetation planting, form a more ecologically beneficial protection system. Therefore, in this embodiment, the shrub - sand dune 6 is established by imitating the sand - fixing principle of shrub - sand dunes in nature to block the wind and fix the sand in a more natural way for a long time.

[0072] It should also be noted that the working principle of the gas-liquid mixing of the nozzle of the bubble generator 24 is mainly based on the Venturi effect: when the gas passes through the contraction section of the nozzle, the flow rate increases. According to Bernoulli's principle, the pressure is low where the flow rate is fast. Thus, a low-pressure area is formed in the throat of the nozzle. And because the external pressure of the liquid is higher than the pressure in the throat, the liquid is sucked into this low-pressure area. Subsequently, the liquid and the high-speed gas meet in the diffuser section. The high-speed gas impacts and tears the liquid into tiny droplets, atomizing the liquid sufficiently and mixing it evenly with the gas. Finally, the gas-liquid mixture is ejected from the nozzle at high speed, forming a gas-liquid mixed state.

[0073] The principle of the sand dune creation unit 2 for reducing the wind speed and settling sand grains is specifically as follows: The bubble curtain 5 mainly uses bubbles to interfere with the air flow. When a large number of bubbles are generated and rise from the device, the movement state of the air flow will be changed. On the one hand, the bubble curtain 5 can increase the contact surface between the air flow and the liquid (the liquid generating bubbles). When the air flow passes through the bubble curtain 5, it will continuously collide with these dynamic bubbles. Since the bubbles are spherical, when the air flows through the surface of the bubbles, the direction of the air flow will change, and the originally relatively concentrated air flow is dispersed. On the other hand, the upward movement of the bubbles will drive the surrounding air to generate chaotic convection. This convection can convert part of the wind kinetic energy in the horizontal direction into kinetic energy in the vertical direction, causing the wind speed in the horizontal direction to decrease after passing through the area of the bubble curtain 5. The sand dune creation unit 2 uses Bernoulli's principle. The dense bubble curtain rising at high speed will also reduce the air pressure and weaken the lifting force of the air flow on the particles, prompting the particles to settle.

[0074] This embodiment has a great difference from the principle of the existing spray measures for sand fixation, in which the fog droplets contact the sand grains, increase the overall weight of the sand grains, and prompt them to fall. Generally speaking, by using a nozzle and a special device, continuous bubble curtains 5 are generated in the upwind direction of the protection area. These bubble curtains 5 are formed by mixing compressed air and water. When the wind contacts the bubble curtains 5, the rupture and movement of the bubbles can disrupt the flow of the wind, consume wind energy, thereby reducing the wind speed and settling sand grains. During the process of the gradual accumulation of sand grains, combined with plant planting, a sand dune 6 can be quickly formed.

[0075] The cooperation between the shrub sand dune creation unit 2 and the shrub sand dune 6 in this embodiment has effects beyond those of the prior art. For example, it has a strong ability to interfere with airflows. When a large number of bubbles are generated and rise, they will collide with the airflows. The spherical structure of the bubbles causes the direction of the air flowing over their surfaces to change, dispersing the originally concentrated airflow, reducing the energy and speed of the airflow, and then inhibiting the sand-carrying ability of the airflow, playing a significant role in wind prevention and sand fixation. The upward movement of the bubbles will drive the surrounding air to generate turbulence, converting part of the wind kinetic energy in the horizontal direction into kinetic energy in the vertical direction, further reducing the wind speed in the horizontal direction and promoting the settlement of sand grains and other particulate matters, creating a relatively stable airflow environment for the protected area. This embodiment also has flexible applicability. The installation position is flexible, capable of adapting to various complex terrain and environmental conditions, and can flexibly adjust the direction and angle of the bubble curtain 5 according to changes in wind direction and speed to achieve the best wind prevention effect. Compared with some large mechanical wind prevention devices, the operation of the shrub sand dune creation unit 2 mainly relies on the supply of gas sources (such as air compressors or fans) and liquid sources, with relatively low energy consumption. And in some specific scenarios, such as using water as the liquid medium in the photovoltaic field area, it can make full use of the on-site electric energy and the water resources for panel cleaning, reducing the dependence on external energy and water resources and achieving the goal of using water and electricity to control sand, which is very suitable for photovoltaic power stations. This embodiment does not generate a large amount of noise, waste gas or pollutants during operation, having little impact on the surrounding environment. At the same time, the existence of the bubble curtain 5 will not damage the surrounding ecological environment, but will instead promote the growth of the surrounding vegetation, meeting the requirements of modern society for environmental protection. The structure of the shrub sand dune creation unit 2 is relatively simple, and the equipment manufacturing and installation costs are relatively low. Compared with some high-tech wind prevention technologies in the prior art (such as intelligent control systems, complex mechanical structures, etc.), it has an obvious cost advantage. The microporous aeration head or nozzle of the bubble generator 24 will not become blocked under windy and sandy conditions and will not suddenly interrupt or get out of control due to external factors, providing continuous wind protection for the protected object 21. The shrub sand dune creation unit 2 does not generate dangerous factors such as high-speed rotating mechanical components or high temperature and high pressure during operation, being relatively safe for personnel, animals and plants.

[0076] Due to the existence of the saline-alkali layer in the saline-alkali sandy land, the infiltration function of the ground surface 22 is very weak. Often, precipitation can only penetrate a depth of a few centimeters, which is difficult for plant roots to utilize. The annular plant sand barrier unit 4 in this embodiment includes a plurality of annular plant sand barrier structures 7 arranged in an array and a reel planting structure 8. The reel planting structure 8 is at least used to receive the droplets generated by the annular sprinkler mechanism 12 and keep the roots of the plants in the reel planting structure 8 moist. Specifically, the annular plant sand barrier structure 7 includes an annular sprinkler mechanism 12 and a composite sand barrier. The composite sand barrier includes a plurality of second plant units 13 and third plant units 16. The third plant unit 16 is a dead plant branch cuttaged in the annular irrigation area. The second plant unit 13 includes live sand-tolerant saline-alkali plants planted between two adjacent dead plant branches (second plant units 13). The plants planted in the second plant unit 13 are plant seeds including shrub and grass seeds. The second plant unit 13 is planted around the annular irrigation area around the annular sprinkler mechanism 12. Moreover, the reel planting unit 8 is arranged in the soil under the ground surface 22 and covers the roots of each second plant unit 13. The reel planting unit 8 is at least used to promote water infiltration in the vertical direction and water retention in the horizontal direction. The reel planting structure 8 specifically includes a plurality of reel-shaped soil carriers 14. The reel-shaped soil carrier 14 is a cylindrical structure formed by rolling a rectangular geotextile around any one of its side edges and is radially divided into several filling layers 15. Planting materials are filled in the several filling layers 15 arranged radially in the reel-shaped soil carrier 14. The surface of the rectangular geotextile has a plurality of pores, and the surface porosity of the rectangular geotextile is 30-50%. The height of the reel-shaped soil carrier 14 is 30-60 cm, and the diameter is 1240 cm. The reel-shaped soil carrier 14 has 35 filling layers 15, and the thickness of each filling layer 15 is 24 cm. The planting material is a moist aggregate formed by mixing humus soil, sandy soil, decomposed sheep manure and water. The reel-shaped soil carrier 14 is in a cylindrical shape, and the planting material is wrapped in the reel-shaped soil carrier 14. The plant seeds and / or plant seedlings of the second plant unit 13 are arranged in the planting material. The irrigation water provided by the annular sprinkler mechanism 12 can quickly infiltrate vertically along the side wall of the rectangular geotextile to the planting material around the plant roots, and also play a role in multi-layer soil moisture retention in the horizontal direction. Overall, it has the functions of vertical water infiltration and horizontal water retention, which can promote the survival and growth of plant seedlings.

[0077] It should be noted that the annular sprinkler mechanism 12 includes, but is not limited to, an annular sprinkler. The annular sprinkler mechanism 12 is installed at the central dot position. Humic acid is dissolved in water to prepare a solution, and the solution is sprayed onto the circular area by means of annular sprinkler irrigation. The second plant unit 13 is arranged in the circular area. The water droplet splash area of the annular sprinkler is circular, with the diameter of the circular area edge being 1 - 3 m and the width of the circular ring being 20 - 50 cm. The annular sprinklers are arranged in a triangular pattern, and the distance between the sprinklers is 1 - 3 m. Compared with general large-area sprinkler irrigation, the irrigation area of this technology is circular, more concentrated, which can make the irrigation water act more precisely around the plant roots, improve the utilization rate. Moreover, the irrigation water provided by the annular sprinkler mechanism 12 contains dissolved humic acid, which can reduce the soil salinity while irrigating the second plant unit 13 and can save water.

[0078] The specific setting method of the second plant unit 13 is as follows: Mix humus soil, sandy soil, decomposed sheep manure, and water evenly to form a moist aggregate-shaped planting material. Roll the planting material in a rectangular geotextile to form a reel-shaped reel planting unit 8. At the same time, wrap the roots of the psammophytic shrub seedlings or the seeds of shrubs and herbs of the second plant unit 13 in the planting material inside the reel planting unit 8. One reel planting unit 8 can wrap 2 - 5 shrubs or 2 - 5 grams of seeds, such as seedlings or seeds of Suaeda glauca, Salicornia europaea, Tamarix chinensis, Haloxylon ammodendron, Nitraria tangutorum, Calligonum mongolicum, Lycium barbarum, Lycium ruthenicum, Medicago sativa, Astragalus adsurgens, etc. When the seeds and / or plant seedlings of the second plant unit 13 are wrapped into the reel planting unit 8, the root and stem part needs to be flush with the top of the reel planting unit 8, that is, the soil surface, so that the second plant unit 13 maintains an appropriate depth.

[0079] The third plant unit 16 in the annular plant sand barrier structure 7 is the dead plant branches cuttaged in the annular irrigation area. The third plant unit 16 is cuttaged in the gap between every two second plant units 13. That is to say, the third plant unit 16 is earlier than the second plant unit 13 in terms of time line. In the early stage, the third plant unit 16 cuttaged is used for sand fixation. In the later stage, with the growth of the second plant unit 13, a ring-shaped living plant and branch composite annular plant sand barrier unit is formed, with quick and high sand fixation efficiency.

[0080] The second plant unit 13 includes any one of Suaeda glauca, Salicornia europaea, Tamarix chinensis, Haloxylon ammodendron, Nitraria tangutorum, Calligonum mongolicum, Lycium barbarum, Lycium ruthenicum, Medicago sativa, Astragalus adsurgens, all of which are salt-tolerant shrub and herb plants. The third plant unit 16 includes plant branches or plants that are easily obtained locally.

[0081] The injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit 17 of this embodiment is arranged downwind of the annular plant sand barrier unit 4. The injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit 17 consists of several independent strip - shaped areas and is arranged in parallel along the main wind direction 1. Specifically, the injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit 17 includes a fourth plant unit 20, an aeration unit, and a material 19 injection unit. The aeration unit can generate a fissure area 18 inside the soil. The material 19 injection unit is at least used to inject the material 19 into the fissure area 18. The material 19 is a mixture of humic acid, well - decomposed farmyard manure, organic matter, gypsum, microbial inoculants, etc., and is in the form of particles with a particle size of 1 - 4 mm. And according to the soil salinity level and the crop growth cycle, the saline - alkali soil improvement material 19 is filled into the underground fissure area 18 in 2 - 3 times a year; The fourth plant unit 20 is planted in the strip - shaped area and is used for wind prevention and sand fixation. The fourth plant unit is to plant salt - tolerant plants in the underground fissure area 18 within the injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit 17.

[0082] It should be noted that the aeration unit includes, but is not limited to, a soil aerator. First, the soil aerator is used to perform multi - point aeration treatment on the soil to loosen the compacted saline - alkali soil. Then, the material 19 injection unit injects the material 19 particles into the underground fissure area 18 formed after aeration. These particles will chemically react with the saline - alkali components in the soil, reducing the salinity, increasing soil aggregation, and improving the saline - alkali soil. Combining the above measures with the fourth plant unit 20 that plants salt - tolerant plants can achieve better effects of improving saline - alkali soil and fixing sand, improving soil aeration, enhancing soil microbial activity, improving soil structure, and enhancing soil self - purification ability; The soil improvement process requires multiple applications. Each year, multi - point aeration can be carried out in 2 - 3 times according to the above method, and the saline - alkali soil improvement material is filled into the underground fissure area, and it is appropriately adjusted according to the soil salinity level and the crop growth cycle.

[0083] Furthermore, the fissure area 18 formed inside the soil body during the aeration process of the aeration unit can, to a certain extent, block the capillary action and inhibit the migration and accumulation process of underground saline - alkali water to the ground surface 22. Therefore, it can effectively reduce the saline - alkali content of the soil on the ground surface 22; At the same time, these fissure areas 18 are conducive to the infiltration of rainwater or irrigation water, flushing and discharging the saline - alkali accumulated on the ground surface 22 to deeper soil layers, which will further reduce the saline - alkali content of the topsoil and promote the enrichment of saline - alkali in the deeper soil layers; Aiming at the accumulation of deep - layer salts, injecting the above - mentioned material 19 particles into the fissure area 18 will play a role in improving the deep - layer saline - alkali soil and is conducive to the growth of plant roots. Therefore, the injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit 17 of this embodiment can reduce the salinity of the surface layer and the deep layer of the entire soil layer, with thorough improvement, high efficiency, simple construction, and environmental friendliness.

[0084] The following is a detailed description of the specific principle by which the components in the material 19 can reduce the salinity and alkali content of the surface soil 22: Humic acid can be used to improve saline-alkali land. Humic acid is an organic colloid that can combine with calcium ions in the soil to form a flocculent gel. This gel can bind soil particles together, increase soil agglomeration, and improve soil structure. It carries a large amount of negative charge and can adsorb sodium ions in the soil to reduce the degree of soil alkalinity. It can also react with sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, etc. in saline-alkali soil to reduce the harm of alkaline substances to plants; at the same time, humic acid can improve the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, promote plant root growth, enhance plant resistance, and facilitate better growth of plants in saline-alkali environments. The amount of solid humic acid used per mu is about 200-500 kilograms; gypsum (calcium sulfate) can be used to neutralize the salt in saline-alkali land. It can react with alkaline substances such as sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in the soil to reduce the pH value of the soil. For example, in saline-alkali land with strong alkalinity, calcium ions in gypsum will replace sodium ions adsorbed by soil colloids, and sodium ions will combine with sulfate ions to form sodium sulfate and be discharged with water, thereby reducing the salt content; farmyard manure (including livestock and poultry manure, compost, etc.) contains a large amount of organic matter, which can produce organic acids during the decomposition process and can neutralize the alkaline substances in the soil. In addition, organic fertilizers can improve soil structure, increase soil porosity, and facilitate salt leaching. For example, applying decomposed sheep manure to saline-alkali land will reduce the salinity of the soil after a period of time, and the soil will become looser; microbial agents contain a variety of beneficial microorganisms, such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis. These microorganisms can decompose organic matter in the soil and produce acidic metabolites, thereby neutralizing the alkalinity of saline-alkali land. In addition, microbial agents can activate nutrients in the soil, promote plant absorption of nutrients, facilitate plant growth in saline-alkali environments, and indirectly improve the conditions of saline-alkali land.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] This embodiment provides a comprehensive treatment method for saline-alkali desertified land based on a bubble curtain. The specific treatment method is as follows: successively set up a shrub sand dune creation unit, a reel planting unit, an annular plant sand barrier unit, and an injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit along the main wind direction on the sandy saline-alkali land to be treated; generate a bubble curtain with the bubble curtain generation module in the shrub sand dune creation unit, and plant sand-tolerant and saline-alkali-tolerant shrubs and grasses within the range of the sand surface where the bubble curtain falls, so as to promote the accumulation of windblown sand, thereby forming shrub sand dunes in the downwind direction of the bubble curtain; the third plant unit 16 in the annular plant sand barrier structure 7 is a dead plant branch cuttaged in the annular irrigation area, and the third plant unit 16 is cuttaged in the gap between every two second plant units 13. That is to say, the third plant unit 16 is earlier than the second plant unit 13 in terms of time line. In the early stage, the cuttaged third plant unit 16 is used for sand fixation. In the later stage, as the second plant unit 13 grows, an annular plant sand barrier unit composed of a composite of living plants and branches is formed, with fast and efficient sand fixation effect; at least plant saline-alkali-tolerant plants in the underground fissure area 18 in the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit, and fill the underground fissure area 18 with saline-alkali soil improvement materials 23 times a year according to the soil salinity and crop growth cycle.

[0087] In this embodiment, while using the bubble curtain in the upwind area to establish a shrub sand dune group to block and fix windblown sand, the saline-alkali ground surface 22 is gradually changed into a sand-accumulating ground surface 22. The capillary action between sand grains is weaker than that inside saline-alkali soil, which will inhibit the upward movement and surface accumulation process of salts, and reduce the soil salinity of the surface layer. The shrub sand dunes quickly established in the downwind area of the bubble curtain will effectively fix the flowing sand. When the shrub sand dune group continues to accumulate sand and expand to form a large sand-blocking belt, the sand fixation effect will be better.

[0088] It should be noted that in this embodiment, high-speed gas impacts liquid, the liquid is impacted and torn to form tiny droplets, and is uniformly mixed with the liquid, and forms bubbles through a high-speed nozzle and forms a bubble curtain.

[0089] The treatment method of this embodiment also includes the following content: spraying a humic acid solution on the ground of the sandy saline-alkali land with an annular nozzle mechanism to form an annular irrigation area, and cutting plant branches and planting sand-tolerant and saline-alkali-tolerant plants in the annular irrigation area to form a composite sand barrier, thereby forming an annular plant sand barrier unit. That is to say, the annular nozzle mechanism is erected at the central dot position, the humic acid is dissolved in water to prepare a solution, and the solution is sprayed onto the annular irrigation area by means of annular nozzle irrigation. The irrigation area formed by the treatment method of this embodiment is circular, which can make the humic acid more concentrated and more accurately act on the surrounding of the plant roots, improve the utilization rate, and the irrigation water provided by the annular nozzle mechanism 12 contains dissolved humic acid, which can reduce the soil salinity while irrigating the second plant unit 13 and can save water.

[0090] Moreover, a soil aerator is used to perform multi-point aeration treatment on the formation of the sandy saline-alkali land to loosen the compacted saline-alkali soil and form an underground fracture zone 18; the soil aerator is used to inject granular saline-alkali soil improvement materials into the underground fracture zone 18, thereby forming an injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit.

[0091] Preferably, within the circular area sprayed by the annular nozzle, a drum planting structure 8 that wraps the plant roots and can promote vertical water infiltration and horizontal water retention is provided.

[0092] It should also be noted that materials 19 are injected into the interior of the ground surface 22 to reduce the saline-alkali content of the soil on the ground surface 22. At the same time, plants are continuously planted downwind of the plants, and the saline-alkali treatment unit is continuously expanded downwind. By reducing the saline-alkali content of the soil on the ground surface 22, the growth of plants is promoted. Injecting materials 19 into the interior of the ground surface 22 causes little disturbance to the ground surface 22, can reduce the salinity of the surface layer and the deep layer of the entire soil layer, has thorough improvement, high efficiency, simple construction, is green and environmentally friendly, and has low cost. Combined with planting salt-tolerant plants, it can better improve saline-alkali soil and fix drifting sand.

[0093] In this embodiment, the treatment methods of the three units all have the dual functions of sand fixation and saline-alkali soil improvement, and are applicable to the improvement and protection of saline-alkali desertified land. In addition, since this embodiment uses a bubble curtain 5 to block wind and fix sand and does not include the high vertical solid sand barriers in the prior art and will not shade the photovoltaic panels, it is more suitable for the wind and sand protection inside the photovoltaic power plant array area.

[0094] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive management system for saline-alkali desertified land, characterized in that It includes a shrub dune creation unit (2), an annular plant sand barrier unit (4), and an injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit (17) arranged in sequence along the main wind direction (1). Among them, the shrub dune creation unit (2) is used to create shrub dunes (6) on the sandy - saline land, and includes at least one bubble curtain (5) generation module. The bubble curtain (5) generation module is arranged on the sandy - saline land and is used to generate a bubble curtain (5) above the ground surface (22) of the sandy - saline land. The bubble curtain (5) is a solid - fan - shaped or inverted - cone - shaped high - speed gas - liquid mixture flow, with the liquid dispersed in the gas in the form of small droplets. The high - speed gas plays a role in transporting and dispersing the droplets. The distribution height range of the bubble curtain (5) in the vertical direction overlaps at least partially with the distribution height range of the sand - wind flow flowing above the ground surface (22) of the sandy - saline land. The annular plant sand barrier unit (4) includes a plurality of annular plant sand barrier structures (7) and a plurality of reel planting units (8). The annular plant sand barrier structure (7) includes an annular sprinkler mechanism (12) and a composite sand barrier. The annular sprinkler mechanism (12) is arranged above the ground surface (22) of the sandy - saline land, and the water - droplet sprinkling surface of the annular sprinkler mechanism (12) is annular, used to form an annular irrigation area on the ground of the sandy - saline land. The composite sand barrier includes dead plant branches inserted in the annular irrigation area and living sand - tolerant saline - alkali plants planted between two adjacent dead plant branches. Moreover, the reel planting units (8) are distributed below the ground surface (22) of the living sand - tolerant saline - alkali plants in the annular irrigation area and have their tops flush with the ground surface (22). The reel planting unit (8) includes a reel - shaped soil carrier (14) and plant seeds and / or plant seedlings. The reel - shaped soil carrier (14) includes a reel wound by geotextile and planting materials wound inside the reel, and the roots of the plant seeds and / or plant seedlings are distributed in the planting materials. The injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit (17) includes a plurality of underground fracture zones (18) distributed in the formation of the sandy - saline land, and the underground fracture zones (18) are filled with saline - alkali soil improvement materials (19).

2. The comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali desertified land according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the shrub dune creation unit (2), the annular plant sand barrier unit (4), and the injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit (17) is distributed on a corresponding functional strip. A plurality of the functional strips are arranged in parallel, with a blank area provided between adjacent functional strips. The extension direction of the functional strip is perpendicular to the main wind direction (1), and the width of the blank area is 10 - 20m. And / or, a protected object (21) is arranged at the downwind of the injection - type saline - alkali treatment unit (17).

3. The comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali desertified land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble curtain (5) generation module includes a bubble generator (24). The bubble generator (24) is respectively connected to a gas - source supply mechanism and a liquid - supply mechanism, and the gas - source supply mechanism is connected to a trigger mechanism. And / or, the bubble curtain (5) generation module is connected to a support structure and is installed above the ground surface (22) of the sandy - saline land through the support structure. And / or, the covering height of the bubble curtain (5) is 1 - 2 m, and the diameter is 1 - 2 m.

4. The comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali desertified land according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bubble generator (24) includes a Venturi nozzle, and the height of the water outlet of the Venturi nozzle above the ground surface (22) is 5 - 20 cm. And / or, there are multiple bubble generators (24), each bubble generator (24) includes a Venturi nozzle, and multiple Venturi nozzles are arranged in a triangular pyramid shape on the upwind ground surface (22) of the sandy saline-alkali land, and the distance between adjacent nozzles is 2 - 5 m. And / or, the jet direction of the Venturi nozzle in the bubble generator (24) faces the main wind direction (1) and is set obliquely upward at 50 - 90°. And / or, the shrub sand dune creation unit (2) further includes a triggering mechanism, which is at least used to turn on the bubble generator (24) in the case of sand-dust flow.

5. The comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to claim 3, wherein: The planting material is in the form of wet aggregates and includes uniformly mixed humus soil, sandy soil, decomposed sheep manure and water. And / or, the reel is formed by winding a rectangular geotextile and is generally cylindrical, the height of the reel is 30 - 60 cm, and the diameter is 12 - 40 cm. And / or, there are 3 - 5 layers of planting materials distributed inside the reel, and the thickness of each layer of planting material is 2 - 4 cm. And / or, the porosity of the geotextile is 30 - 50%. And / or, the length of the geotextile is 30 - 150 cm. And / or, 2 - 5 grams of plant seeds or the roots of 2 - 5 plant seedlings are distributed in each planting reel structure. And / or, the plant seedlings include sand-fixating shrub seedlings, and the plant seeds include grass and shrub seeds.

6. The comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to claim 3, wherein: The outer diameter of the ring of the annular irrigation area is 1 - 3 m, and the width of the ring is 20 - 50 cm. And / or, multiple annular nozzle mechanisms (12) are arranged in a triangular pyramid shape, and the distance between adjacent nozzles is 1 - 3 m. And / or, the sand-fixating and saline-alkali-tolerant plants include sand-fixating and saline-alkali-tolerant grass and shrub plants. And / or, the annular nozzle mechanism (12) is at least used to spray humic acid solution in the annular irrigation area.

7. The comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to claim 3, wherein: The depth of the underground fracture zone (18) is 50 - 100 cm, the diameter is 1 - 3 m, and the width of the overlapping area between adjacent underground fracture zones is 0 - 3 m. And / or, the saline-alkali soil improvement material (19) is granular, and the particle size is 1 - 4 mm. And / or, the saline-alkali soil improvement material (19) includes uniformly mixed humic acid, decomposed farmyard manure, organic matter, gypsum and microbial inoculum.

8. A comprehensive treatment method for saline-alkali desertified land, characterized in that, The method is implemented based on the comprehensive treatment system for saline-alkali and desertified land according to any one of claims 1 - 7, and the method includes: Sequentially arranging a shrub sand dune creation unit (2), an annular plant sand barrier unit (4) and an injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit (17) along the main wind direction (1) on the sandy saline-alkali land to be treated. Generate a bubble curtain (5) with a bubble curtain (5) generating module within the shrub sand dune creation unit (2), and plant sand-tolerant and salt-tolerant shrubs and grasses within the range of the sand surface where the bubble curtain (5) spills, so as to promote the accumulation and fixation of windblown sand, thereby forming a shrub sand dune (6) in the downwind direction of the bubble curtain (5); Grow plant seeds and / or plant seedlings within the reel planting unit (8); Grow plants within the annular plant sand barrier unit (4); At least plant salt-tolerant plants in the underground fissure area within the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit (17), and perform multi-point aeration 2-3 times a year according to the soil salinity level and the crop growth cycle, and fill the underground fissure area with saline-alkali soil improvement materials (19).

9. The comprehensive treatment method for saline-alkali desertified land according to claim 8, wherein, The method specifically includes: At least spray a humic acid solution onto the ground of the sandy saline-alkali land with an annular sprinkler mechanism (12) to form an annular irrigation area, and cut dead plant branches and plant living sand-tolerant and salt-tolerant plants within the annular irrigation area to form a composite sand barrier, thereby forming an annular plant sand barrier unit (4).

10. The comprehensive treatment method for saline-alkali desertified land according to claim 8, wherein, The method specifically includes: Perform multi-point aeration treatment on the formation of the sandy saline-alkali land with a soil aerator to loosen the compacted saline-alkali soil and form the underground fissure area; Inject granular saline-alkali soil improvement materials (19) into the underground fissure area with a soil aerator, thereby forming the injection-type saline-alkali treatment unit (17).

Images