A precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting and fertilization device and control method for sunflower planters

Abstract

This invention discloses a precision fertilizer-saving hill-sowing fertilization device and control method for sunflower seeders, relating to the technical field of fertilization. The invention includes a tractor body and a seeder support frame. The seeder support frame is equipped with a seeding mechanism, which contains two seeding wheels, each equipped with a sensor control component. The seeder support frame also includes a fertilizer storage box with two fertilization units that cooperate with the sensor control components. The advantages are: this invention utilizes the tractor's traction to precisely monitor the seed placement during sunflower seed planting, automatically and precisely dispensing fertilizer when the fertilizer box moves near the seed planting point. This reduces fertilizer diffusion and waste in the soil, concentrating fertilizer effectiveness in the root zone, thereby significantly improving fertilizer utilization, saving planting costs, and achieving quantitative hill-sowing fertilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of fertilization, and more particularly to a precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting fertilization device and control method for sunflower planters. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization, the application scope of sunflower planters in my country has been expanding year by year. Most sunflower planters on the market now adopt a multi-row synchronous sowing structure and have basic functions such as automatic sowing, synchronous fertilization, adjustable row spacing, and controllable sowing depth. They can better meet the requirements of efficiency and operation quality when planting on a large scale. Existing sunflower planters usually use fertilization equipment for auxiliary fertilization, which is used to fertilize synchronously after sowing.

[0003] Existing fertilization equipment employs various methods for automatic fertilization after sowing. For example, a multi-functional agricultural soil loosening, seeding, fertilizing, and sowing machine with publication number CN214960936U has a seeding bucket fixedly connected to one side of its main frame. A baffle plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the seeding bucket. Several seed storage holes are opened on one side of the baffle plate. A flow guide shell and a first motor are fixedly connected to one side of the baffle plate. A turntable is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor. A seed dispensing hole is opened on one side of the turntable. A support frame is fixedly connected to one side of the main frame.

[0004] Existing sunflower planters still use the traditional strip fertilization mode, which involves continuously applying fertilizer along the planting row. This fertilization method has obvious problems with low fertilizer utilization. First, strip fertilization easily causes fertilizer to spread in the soil and cannot achieve precise ratio with the seeds. Second, when the soil moisture is insufficient or rainfall is not timely, the surface fertilizer is difficult to be absorbed by the roots, which further affects the early growth of crops and the later yield.

[0005] For example, in the aforementioned prior art, the device digs long, narrow trenches in the ground using a soil-loosening plow and pours fertilizer directly into the trenches. This method of fertilization is not only wasteful, but also cannot monitor the location of the sowing point, cannot accurately match the seeds with the fertilizer, and cannot precisely control the amount and location of fertilizer application, thus having certain limitations.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting fertilization device and control method for sunflower planters to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting fertilization device and control method for sunflower planters, solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a precision fertilizer-saving hill-planting and fertilization device for a sunflower planter, comprising a tractor body for hill-planting and fertilization traction, and further comprising:

[0009] The seeder support frame is connected to the tractor body via a traction hook. The seeder support frame is equipped with a sowing mechanism for sowing. The sowing mechanism has two sowing wheels, and the sowing wheels are equipped with sensor control components.

[0010] The seeder support frame is equipped with a power unit box for providing power, and the tractor body is equipped with a display and control integrated box for control.

[0011] The seeder support frame is equipped with a fertilizer storage box, and the fertilizer storage box is equipped with two fertilization units that cooperate with the sensor control components. A leveling roller for auxiliary movement is rotatably installed on the seeder support frame via a connecting shaft.

[0012] The fertilization unit includes a material guiding component and a fertilization component. The material guiding component is used to disperse and conduct fertilizer, while the fertilization component is used to perform fixed-point hole sowing and fertilization according to the sowing location.

[0013] Preferably, a seed metering disc for sowing is fixedly installed on the sowing wheel, and a sensor mounting box is fixedly installed on the seeder support frame by two fastening bolts, and a seeding sensor and a fertilizer sensor are installed inside the sensor mounting box;

[0014] The sensing control component includes a speed measuring disk fixedly installed on a sensor mounting box. The speed measuring disk has multiple seed sensing holes that cooperate with the seed sensor and multiple fertilizer sensing holes that cooperate with the fertilizer sensor. Each seed sensing hole and fertilizer sensing hole is equipped with a circular magnet.

[0015] Preferably, the tractor body has a mounting bracket on the side of the driver's seat, and the integrated display and control box is mounted on the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is equipped with a main power switch and a micro compressor switch.

[0016] Preferably, the power unit box is equipped with a micro compressor, a relay group, an air tank, and an oil-water separator, and the micro compressor is controlled by a micro compressor switch;

[0017] The micro compressor generates gas which enters the gas storage tank through a gas pipe, and then enters the fertilizer application unit through an oil-water separator and a relay group, thereby realizing the fertilizer application action control of the fertilizer application unit.

[0018] Preferably, the material guiding assembly includes two storage boxes fixedly installed on the seeder support frame, and each storage box is provided with two fertilizer application components. The fertilizer storage box is provided with two feeding boxes for fertilizer feeding, and the two feeding boxes and the two storage boxes are fixedly connected by a material guiding pipe. The two storage boxes and the connecting shaft are both equipped with a transmission mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a linkage roller fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shaft, a driven roller rotatably installed inside the storage box, and a transmission belt sleeved between the driven roller and the linkage roller. Multiple dispersing cones for dispersing fertilizer are fixedly installed on the driven roller, and a screening screen plate for screening fertilizer is fixedly installed inside the storage box.

[0020] Preferably, the fertilization assembly includes a fertilizer box fixedly installed on the seeder support frame, and a fertilizer pipe for conducting and dispersing fertilizer is connected between the fertilizer box and the storage box. A cylinder is provided on the side of the fertilizer box, and the cylinder cooperates with a micro compressor. A push rod is provided on the drive end of the cylinder, and a soil breaking mechanism and a feeding mechanism are installed between the push rod and the fertilizer box.

[0021] Preferably, the soil-breaking mechanism includes a limiting slide plate fixedly installed on the fertilizer box, and a soil-breaking plow for breaking soil is slidably installed on the limiting slide plate. A fixing plate is fixedly installed on the lower part of the push rod, and a linkage frame is fixedly installed between the fixing plate and the soil-breaking plow. Two mudguards for blocking soil are fixedly installed on the fertilizer box.

[0022] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a compression spring fixedly installed at the lower part of the fixed plate, a guide shaft fixedly installed at the lower part of the compression spring, a deflection shaft rotatably installed inside the fertilizer box, and the outer side of the deflection shaft is connected to the guide shaft, and a fertilizer baffle for blocking fertilizer is fixedly installed on the deflection shaft.

[0023] A control method for a precision fertilizer-saving hill-sowing and fertilization device for a sunflower planter, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. When sowing and fertilizing sunflower seeds, the tractor body pulls the seeder support frame and the sowing mechanism on it to move. The sowing mechanism moves and starts to automatically sow.

[0025] S2. When the sowing mechanism moves to sow seeds, it drives the sowing wheel to rotate to sow seeds. At the same time, the speed is measured and sensed by the induction control component, and the position of each sowing point is sensed and determined.

[0026] S3, The sensing control component senses the sowing position and sowing distance, and controls the fertilization unit to start sowing and fertilizing in holes;

[0027] S4. The fertilizer application component is controlled by the sensor control component. When it moves to the vicinity of the sowing point, it pours fertilizer into the vicinity of the sowing point with the help of the material guiding component, so as to realize quantitative hole sowing and fertilization.

[0028] This invention provides a precision fertilizer-saving hill-planting fertilization device and control method for sunflower planters. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. When this hole-sowing fertilization equipment is fertilizing, the tractor pulls the sowing mechanism to move in the field, and the sowing mechanism can automatically sow sunflower seeds during the movement, resulting in higher sowing efficiency.

[0030] 2. When this hole-seeding fertilization equipment is fertilizing, it can accurately determine the moving distance and speed of the seeding wheel by using the cooperation of the seeding wheel and the speed measuring plate while the seeding mechanism is automatically sowing. It can also accurately measure the seeding position and fertilization position by using the cooperation of the seeding sensor and the fertilization sensor, thereby achieving precise quantitative and fixed-point sowing.

[0031] 3. When this hole-sowing fertilization equipment is fertilizing, it can generate gas through a micro compressor when the sowing position is determined. The gas enters the gas storage tank through the gas pipe, and is then transmitted to the cylinder through the oil-water separator and relay group, thereby driving the fertilization unit to start automatic fertilization, which makes the fertilization efficiency higher.

[0032] 4. When this hole-sowing fertilization equipment is fertilizing, it can automatically push the soil-breaking plow down and insert it into the soil by means of the cylinder when the fertilizer box is moved to the position to be fertilized. At the same time as it moves, it digs out the fertilizer trench in the soil, completing the automatic digging of the fertilizer trench. The fertilizer trench is located on both sides of the sunflower seeds.

[0033] 5. When this hole-seeding fertilization equipment is used for fertilization, after the fertilization trough is dug, the fertilizer is automatically poured into the trough through the fertilizer box by the cooperation of the cylinder, thereby completing the quantitative filling of fertilizer. This allows the fertilizer to be accurately placed near the seeds, effectively reducing the diffusion and waste of fertilizer in the soil, and concentrating the fertilizer effect in the root distribution area, thereby greatly improving the fertilizer utilization rate, saving planting costs, and realizing quantitative hole-seeding fertilization.

[0034] In summary, this invention utilizes the tractor's traction to precisely monitor the seed placement location during sunflower seed planting. When the fertilizer box moves near the seed planting point, it automatically and accurately dispenses fertilizer, reducing fertilizer diffusion and waste in the soil and concentrating fertilizer effectiveness in the root zone. This significantly improves fertilizer utilization, saves planting costs, and enables quantitative hole-planting fertilization.

[0035] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting and fertilization device for a sunflower planter proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after rotation at a certain angle;

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural view of the integrated display and control box;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the seeder in this invention;

[0041] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the seeding mechanism;

[0042] Figure 6 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the two seeding reels;

[0043] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An exploded view of the structure of the seeding reel and its sensor mounting box;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization unit in this invention;

[0045] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the two storage boxes and the leveling roller;

[0046] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the central storage box and the two fertilizer boxes;

[0047] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the central storage box;

[0048] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilizer application box;

[0049] Figure 13for Figure 12 Front view of the internal structure of the fertilizer box;

[0050] Figure 14 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the fertilizer box.

[0051] In the diagram: 1 Tractor body, 2 Display and control integrated box, 3 Fertilizer storage box, 4 Seeder support frame, 5 Seeding mechanism, 6 Seeding wheel, 7 Leveling roller, 8 Power unit box, 9 Mounting bracket, 10 Main power switch, 11 Traction hook, 12 Sensor mounting box, 13 Speed ​​measuring disc, 14 Storage box, 15 Fertilizer box, 16 Fertilizer sensor hole, 17 Seed sensor hole, 18 Seed metering disc, 19 Feed box, 20 Guide pipe, 21 Linkage roller, 22 Drive belt, 23 Fertilizer pipe, 24 Driven roller, 25 Breaking plow, 26 Mudguard, 27 Dispersing cone, 28 Screening screen, 29 Cylinder, 30 Push rod, 31 Limiting slide plate, 32 Linkage frame, 33 Guide shaft, 34 Fertilizer baffle, 35 Compression spring, 36 Deflection shaft, 37 Miniature compressor switch. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0053] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-4 A precision fertilizer-saving hole-sowing and fertilizing device for sunflower planters includes a tractor body 1 for traction of hole-sowing and fertilizing. The tractor body 1 is a traction device. The operator can control the movement of the tractor body 1 to realize the overall movement of the fertilizing device, thereby realizing the automated sowing and fertilization of sunflower seeds during the movement.

[0054] This fertilization equipment also includes:

[0055] The seeder support frame 4 is connected to the tractor body 1 via a traction rod 11. When the tractor body 1 moves, the seeder support frame 4 moves as a whole via the traction rod 11, thereby realizing automated sowing and fertilization during movement.

[0056] The seeder support frame 4 is equipped with a sowing mechanism 5 for sowing. The sowing mechanism 5 is an existing device used to realize the automated sowing of sunflower seeds, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The seeder support frame 4 is equipped with a power unit box 8 for providing power, and the tractor body 1 is equipped with a display and control integrated box 2 for control. The display and control integrated box 2 is used to control the start of the power unit box 8 to realize automated sowing and fertilization.

[0058] A fertilizer storage box 3 is installed on the seeder support frame 4. The fertilizer storage box 3 is used to store fertilizer to be applied.

[0059] The fertilizer storage box 3 is equipped with two fertilization units that work in conjunction with the sensing control components. The fertilization units are used to extract the fertilizer from the fertilizer storage box 3, break it up, and then pour it into the soil to achieve automated fertilization.

[0060] A leveling roller 7 for assisting movement is rotatably mounted on the seeder support frame 4 via a connecting shaft. The leveling roller 7 assists in the overall movement of the seeder support frame 4 and can compress and level the land during the rolling process.

[0061] Example 2: Refer to Figures 2-7 The technical difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that: two seeding wheels 6 are provided inside the seeding mechanism 5, and a sensing control component is provided on the seeding wheel 6;

[0062] A seed metering tray 18 for sowing is fixedly installed on the sowing wheel 6. When the sowing mechanism 5 is started, the sunflower seeds are guided into the seed metering tray 18 through the sowing wheel 6. The seed metering tray 18 rotates with the rotation of the sowing wheel 6, so that the seeds can be automatically sown into the field at a fixed distance during the rotation, thus completing the automatic sowing of sunflower seeds.

[0063] A sensor mounting box 12 is fixedly installed on the seeder support frame 4 by two fastening bolts, and a seeding sensor and a fertilizer sensor are installed inside the sensor mounting box 12.

[0064] The sensing control assembly includes a speed measuring disk 13 fixedly installed on the sensor mounting box 12. The speed measuring disk 13 has multiple seed sensing holes 17 that cooperate with the seed sensor and multiple fertilizer sensing holes 16 that cooperate with the fertilizer sensor.

[0065] The seed metering disc 18 rotates with the rotation of the sowing wheel 6. When the seeds on the seed metering disc 18 move to the seeding sensing hole 17 on the speed measuring disc 13, the seeding sensor in the sensor mounting box 12 will detect the position of the seeds. At the same time, the monitoring of the fertilizer sensing hole 16 and the fertilizer sensor is the same. Thus, the seeding position can be accurately calculated. Meanwhile, the speed measuring disc 13 can monitor the rotation speed of the seed metering disc 18 and the sowing wheel 6, so that the seeding position and the distance between the seeds in front and behind can be detected based on the rotation speed.

[0066] Each seeding sensor hole 17 and fertilizer sensor hole 16 is equipped with a circular magnet, and both the seeding sensor and fertilizer sensor are equipped with a matching Hall effect proximity switch. The Hall effect proximity switch can release a fertilizer control signal, so that the fertilizer unit can move synchronously to the monitored seeding position to perform synchronous fertilization.

[0067] In a further embodiment, a mounting bracket 9 is provided on the driver's side of the tractor body 1, and a display and control integrated box 2 is provided on the mounting bracket 9. The mounting bracket 9 is provided with a main power switch 10 and a micro compressor switch 37.

[0068] The power unit box 8 is equipped with a micro compressor, a relay group, an air tank, and an oil-water separator. The micro compressor is controlled by the micro compressor switch 37.

[0069] When the fertilization unit moves to the seed sowing position, the micro compressor can be started by the micro compressor switch 37 on the display and control box 2. When the micro compressor starts, it will generate gas and inject the gas into the gas storage tank through the gas pipe. The gas in the gas storage tank will enter the fertilization unit through the oil-water separator and the relay group to realize the fertilization action control of the fertilization unit.

[0070] The sensor control component can accurately calculate the sowing position, sowing speed, and sowing distance of sunflower seeds. When the sowing unit moves near the sowing position of the seeds, the fertilization unit is automatically activated to pour a fixed amount of fertilizer near the sunflower seeds. This allows for precise application of fertilizer near the seeds, effectively reducing fertilizer diffusion and waste in the soil and concentrating fertilizer effect in the root distribution area. This greatly improves fertilizer utilization, saves planting costs, and achieves quantitative hole-sowing fertilization.

[0071] The fertilization component is controlled by a relay, which in turn is controlled by the integrated display and control box 2. At the same time, the integrated display and control box 2 receives input signals from the sensing and control component to achieve automated fertilization.

[0072] Example 3: Refer to Figure 2 as well as Figures 8-14 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment two is that the fertilization unit includes a material guiding component and a fertilization component. The material guiding component is used to disperse and conduct fertilizer, and the fertilization component is used to perform fixed-point hole sowing and fertilization according to the sowing location.

[0073] The material guiding assembly includes two storage boxes 14 fixedly installed on the seeder support frame 4. The fertilizer storage box 3 is provided with two feeding boxes 19 for discharging fertilizer, and the two feeding boxes 19 are fixedly connected to the two storage boxes 14 by a material guiding pipe 20.

[0074] The fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 3 will be injected into the two feed boxes 19 through the two feed tubes 20, and then injected into the storage box 14 through the two feed tubes 20 for temporary storage. When fertilizing, the fertilizer in the storage box 14 can be discharged for automatic fertilization.

[0075] A transmission mechanism is installed between each of the two storage boxes 14 and the connecting shaft. The transmission mechanism includes a linkage roller 21 fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shaft, a driven roller 24 rotatably installed inside the storage box 14, and a transmission belt 22 is sleeved between the driven roller 24 and the linkage roller 21.

[0076] The seeder support frame 4 is supported by the leveling roller 7, so that when the seeder support frame 4 moves, it will drive the leveling roller 7 to roll on the field. When the leveling roller 7 rotates, it will drive the connecting shaft on it to rotate. When the connecting shaft rotates, it will drive the linkage roller 21 on it to rotate. When the linkage roller 21 rotates, it will drive the driven roller 24 to rotate synchronously through the transmission belt 22.

[0077] Multiple dispersing cones 27 for dispersing fertilizer are fixedly installed on the driven roller 24, and a screening screen plate 28 for screening fertilizer is fixedly installed inside the storage box 14. When the driven roller 24 rotates, it will drive the multiple dispersing cones 27 on it to rotate. Since the multiple dispersing cones 27 are all located inside the storage box 14, the multiple dispersing cones 27 will rotate and disperse the fertilizer in the storage box 14 when they rotate, which can break up the accumulated and clumped parts of the fertilizer, keep the fertilizer in a loose state, and thus effectively avoid excessive clumping of fertilizer, which would affect the fertilization effect.

[0078] Smaller fertilizer particles after being broken up will be automatically discharged through the screening screen plate 28, while larger clumps of fertilizer cannot pass through the screening screen plate 28 and will continue to be broken up on the screening screen plate 28 until the fertilizer is broken up and can pass through the screening screen plate 28.

[0079] With the help of the dispersing cone 27, fertilizer can be continuously broken up during the mobile sowing and fertilization process. This can effectively prevent fertilizer from clumping and affecting the fertilization effect, and it does not require an additional power source, thus saving more energy.

[0080] In a further embodiment, each storage box 14 is provided with two fertilizer application components. The fertilizer application component includes a fertilizer box 15 fixedly installed on the seeder support frame 4, and a fertilizer application pipe 23 for conducting and dispersing fertilizer is connected between the fertilizer box 15 and the storage box 14.

[0081] The dispersed fertilizer, after being broken up in the storage box 14, will enter the fertilizer box 15 through the fertilizer application pipe 23 and accumulate in the fertilizer box 15, thus completing the fertilizer application preparation work.

[0082] A cylinder 29 is provided on the side of the fertilizer box 15, and the cylinder 29 cooperates with the micro compressor. A push rod 30 is provided on the drive end of the cylinder 29. The gas generated by the micro compressor is transmitted to the cylinder 29, which can push the push rod 30 on its drive end to move.

[0083] In a further embodiment, a soil-breaking mechanism and a material feeding mechanism are installed between the push rod 30 and the fertilizer box 15;

[0084] The soil breaking mechanism includes a limiting slide plate 31 fixedly installed on the fertilizer box 15, and a soil breaking plow 25 for breaking soil is slidably installed on the limiting slide plate 31. A fixing plate is fixedly installed on the lower part of the push rod 30, and a linkage frame 32 is fixedly installed between the fixing plate and the soil breaking plow 25. Two mudguards 26 for blocking soil are fixedly installed on the fertilizer box 15.

[0085] When the fertilizer box 15 moves to the front of the monitored fertilization area, the cylinder 29 will start and drive the push rod 30 to move down. When the push rod 30 moves down, it will first drive the fixed plate on it to move down. The movement of the fixed plate will drive the soil-breaking plow 25 to move down through the linkage frame 32, thus pressing the soil-breaking plow 25 to insert it into the ground. When the fertilizer box 15 moves with the tractor body 1 again, the soil-breaking plow 25 will move in the soil and break a fertilizer trench in the soil, thus automatically completing the excavation of the fertilizer trench.

[0086] The feeding mechanism includes a compression spring 35 fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed plate, a guide shaft 33 fixedly installed at the bottom of the compression spring 35, a deflection shaft 36 rotatably installed inside the fertilizer box 15, and the outer side of the deflection shaft 36 is connected to the guide shaft 33. A fertilizer baffle 34 for blocking fertilizer is fixedly installed on the deflection shaft 36.

[0087] After the fertilizer trench is excavated, the cylinder 29 will start again and drive the push rod 30 to continue to move down. When the push rod 30 moves down initially, it will squeeze the compression spring 35 at the bottom of the fixed plate. That is, when the compression spring 35 has not reached the compression limit, the guide shaft 33 at the bottom of the compression spring 35 will not move.

[0088] When the push rod 30 continues to compress the compression spring 35 to its compression limit, the compression spring 35 can no longer be compressed when the push rod 30 continues to move downward. The compression spring 35 will move downward synchronously with the push rod 30, and will then compress the guide shaft 33 at its lower part when it moves downward. When the guide shaft 33 moves downward, it will drive the deflection shaft 36 to rotate under the cooperation of its own structure and the deflection shaft 36, which will then drive the fertilizer baffle 34 to deflect. When the fertilizer baffle 34 deflects, it will release the obstruction to the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15. At this time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15 will automatically fall into the fertilizer trough, thus completing the automatic fertilization.

[0089] When the fertilizer application is completed and the fertilizer leaves the seed sowing point, the cylinder 29 will start and drive the push rod 30 to move upward and reset, which in turn drives the fertilizer baffle 34 to move upward and reset, blocking the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15 again, thus stopping the fertilizer application. At the same time, the push rod 30 continues to move upward, which will drive the soil-breaking plow 25 to move upward and leave the soil, stopping the continued digging of the fertilizer trough, completing the overall fertilizer reset action, until it moves back to the sowing point for fertilization again.

[0090] The specific working principle of this fertilization equipment is as follows:

[0091] The operator starts the tractor body 1 to move it in the field. While moving, the tractor support frame 4 and the sowing mechanism 5 on it are moved together by the traction hook 11. The sowing mechanism 5 will guide the sunflower seeds into the seed metering tray 18 through the sowing wheel 6. The seed metering tray 18 rotates with the rotation of the sowing wheel 6. During the rotation, the seeds are automatically sown at a fixed distance in the field, thus completing the automatic sowing of sunflower seeds.

[0092] When the seeds on the seed metering disc 18 move to the seeding sensor hole 17 on the speed measuring disc 13, the seeding sensor in the sensor mounting box 12 will detect the position of the seeds. At the same time, the monitoring of the fertilizer sensor hole 16 is the same as that of the fertilizer sensor. Thus, the seeding position can be accurately calculated. Meanwhile, the speed measuring disc 13 can monitor the rotation speed of the seed metering disc 18 and the seeding wheel 6, so that the seeding position and the distance between the seeds in front and behind can be detected based on the rotation speed.

[0093] When the fertilization unit moves to the seed sowing position, the micro compressor can be started by the micro compressor switch 37 on the display and control box 2. When the micro compressor starts, it will generate gas and inject the gas into the gas storage tank through the gas pipe. The gas in the gas storage tank will enter the fertilization unit through the oil-water separator and the relay group to realize the fertilization action control of the fertilization unit.

[0094] The sensor control component can accurately calculate the sowing position, sowing speed, and sowing distance of sunflower seeds. When the sowing unit moves near the sowing position of the seeds, the fertilization unit is automatically activated to pour a fixed amount of fertilizer near the sunflower seeds. This allows for precise application of fertilizer near the seeds, effectively reducing fertilizer diffusion and waste in the soil and concentrating fertilizer effect in the root distribution area. This greatly improves fertilizer utilization, saves planting costs, and achieves quantitative hole-sowing fertilization.

[0095] The fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 3 will be injected into the two feed boxes 19 and then into the two feed pipes 20. The fertilizer will be injected into the storage box 14 for temporary storage through the two feed pipes 20. The dispersed fertilizer in the storage box 14 will enter the fertilizer box 15 through the fertilizer application pipe 23 and accumulate in the fertilizer box 15.

[0096] When the fertilizer box 15 moves to the front of the monitored fertilization area, the cylinder 29 will start and drive the push rod 30 to move down. When the push rod 30 moves down, it will first drive the fixed plate on it to move down. The movement of the fixed plate will drive the soil-breaking plow 25 to move down through the linkage frame 32, thus pressing the soil-breaking plow 25 to insert it into the ground. When the fertilizer box 15 moves with the tractor body 1 again, the soil-breaking plow 25 will move in the soil and dig out a fertilizer trench in the soil, thus automatically completing the excavation of the fertilizer trench.

[0097] After the fertilizer trench is excavated, the cylinder 29 will start again and drive the push rod 30 to continue to move down. When the push rod 30 moves down initially, it will squeeze the compression spring 35 at the bottom of the fixed plate. That is, when the compression spring 35 has not reached the compression limit, the guide shaft 33 at the bottom of the compression spring 35 will not move.

[0098] When the push rod 30 continues to compress the compression spring 35 to its compression limit, the compression spring 35 can no longer be compressed when the push rod 30 continues to move downward. The compression spring 35 will move downward synchronously with the push rod 30, and will then compress the guide shaft 33 at its lower part when it moves downward. When the guide shaft 33 moves downward, it will drive the deflection shaft 36 to rotate under the cooperation of its own structure and the deflection shaft 36, which will then drive the fertilizer baffle 34 to deflect. When the fertilizer baffle 34 deflects, it will release the obstruction to the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15. At this time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15 will automatically fall into the fertilizer trough, thus completing the automatic fertilization.

[0099] This invention also provides a control method for a precision fertilizer-saving hill-sowing fertilization device for a sunflower planter, which includes the following steps:

[0100] S1. When sowing and fertilizing sunflower seeds, the tractor body 1 pulls the seeder support frame 4 and the sowing mechanism 5 on it to move. The sowing mechanism 5 moves and starts to automatically sow.

[0101] S2. When the sowing mechanism 5 moves to sow seeds, it drives the sowing wheel 6 to rotate to sow seeds. At the same time, the speed is measured and sensed by the induction control component, and the position of each sowing point is sensed and determined.

[0102] S3, The sensing control component senses the sowing position and sowing distance, and controls the fertilization unit to start sowing and fertilizing in holes;

[0103] S4. The fertilizer application component is controlled by the sensor control component. When it moves to the vicinity of the sowing point, it pours fertilizer into the vicinity of the sowing point with the help of the material guiding component, so as to realize quantitative hole sowing and fertilization.

[0104] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision fertilizer-saving hill-sowing and fertilization device for a sunflower planter, comprising a tractor body (1) for hill-sowing and fertilization traction, characterized in that, Also includes: The seeder support frame (4) is connected to the tractor body (1) by a traction hook (11). The seeder support frame (4) is provided with a sowing mechanism (5) for sowing. The sowing mechanism (5) is provided with two sowing wheels (6) and the sowing wheels (6) are provided with a sensor control component. The seeder support frame (4) is equipped with a power unit box (8) for providing power, and the tractor body (1) is equipped with a display and control integrated box (2) for control. The seeder support frame (4) is equipped with a fertilizer storage box (3), and the fertilizer storage box (3) is equipped with two fertilization units that cooperate with the sensing control components. The seeder support frame (4) is equipped with a leveling roller (7) for auxiliary movement via a connecting shaft. The fertilization unit includes a material guiding component and a fertilization component. The material guiding component is used to disperse and conduct fertilizer, and the fertilization component is used to perform fixed-point hole fertilization according to the sowing position. A seed metering disc (18) for sowing is fixedly installed on the sowing wheel (6), and a sensor mounting box (12) is fixedly installed on the seeder support frame (4) by two fastening bolts. The sensor mounting box (12) is equipped with a seeding sensor and a fertilization sensor. The sensing control component includes a speed measuring disk (13) fixedly installed on the sensor mounting box (12). The speed measuring disk (13) has multiple seed sensing holes (17) that cooperate with the seeding sensor and multiple fertilizer sensing holes (16) that cooperate with the fertilizer sensor. Each seed sensing hole (17) and fertilizer sensing hole (16) is provided with a circular magnet. The fertilization component includes a fertilizer box (15) fixedly installed on the seeder support frame (4). The fertilizer box (15) and the storage box (14) are connected by a fertilizer pipe (23) for conducting and dispersing fertilizer. The side of the fertilizer box (15) is provided with a pneumatic push finger (29). The pneumatic push finger (29) cooperates with a micro compressor. The drive end of the pneumatic push finger (29) is provided with a push rod (30). The push rod (30) and the fertilizer box (15) are connected by a soil breaking mechanism and a feeding mechanism. The soil breaking mechanism includes a limiting slide plate (31) fixedly installed on the fertilizer box (15), and a soil breaking plow (25) for breaking soil is slidably installed on the limiting slide plate (31). A fixing plate is fixedly installed on the lower part of the push rod (30), and a linkage frame (32) is fixedly installed between the fixing plate and the soil breaking plow (25). Two mudguards (26) for blocking soil are fixedly installed on the fertilizer box (15).

2. The precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting and fertilization equipment for a sunflower planter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tractor body (1) has a mounting bracket (9) on the driver's side, and the display and control integrated box (2) is mounted on the mounting bracket (9). The mounting bracket (9) is equipped with a control switch (10) and a micro compressor switch.

3. A precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting and fertilization device for a sunflower planter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power unit box (8) is equipped with a micro compressor, a relay group, an air tank, and an oil-water separator. The micro compressor is controlled by a micro compressor switch. The micro compressor generates gas which enters the gas storage tank through a gas pipe, and then enters the fertilizer application unit through an oil-water separator and a relay group, thereby realizing the fertilizer application action control of the fertilizer application unit.

4. A precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting and fertilization device for a sunflower planter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material guiding assembly includes two storage boxes (14) fixedly installed on the seeder support frame (4), and each storage box (14) is provided with two fertilizer application components. The fertilizer storage box (3) is provided with two feeding boxes (19) for fertilizer feeding, and the two feeding boxes (19) and the two storage boxes (14) are fixedly connected by a material guiding pipe (20). The two storage boxes (14) and the connecting shaft are both equipped with a transmission mechanism.

5. A precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting and fertilization device for a sunflower planter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a linkage roller (21) fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shaft, a driven roller (24) rotatably installed in the storage box (14), and a transmission belt (22) sleeved between the driven roller (24) and the linkage roller (21). Multiple dispersing cones (27) for dispersing fertilizer are fixedly installed on the driven roller (24), and a screening screen plate (28) for screening fertilizer is fixedly installed in the storage box (14).

6. A precision fertilizer-saving hole-planting and fertilization device for a sunflower planter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a compression spring (35) fixedly installed on the lower part of the fixed plate. A guide shaft (33) is fixedly installed on the lower part of the compression spring (35). A deflection shaft (36) is rotatably installed inside the fertilizer box (15). The outer side of the deflection shaft (36) is connected to the guide shaft (33). A fertilizer baffle (34) for blocking fertilizer is fixedly installed on the deflection shaft (36).

7. A control method for a precision fertilizer-saving hill-sowing fertilization device for a sunflower planter, used in the precision fertilizer-saving hill-sowing fertilization device for a sunflower planter as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. When sowing and fertilizing sunflower seeds, the tractor body (1) pulls the seeder support frame (4) and the sowing mechanism (5) on it to move. The sowing mechanism (5) moves and starts to automatically sow. S2. When the sowing mechanism (5) moves to sow, it drives the sowing wheel (6) to rotate to sow. At the same time, it uses the induction control component to measure speed and sense the position of each sowing point. S3, The sensing control component senses the sowing position and sowing distance, and controls the fertilization unit to start sowing and fertilizing in holes; S4. The fertilizer application component is controlled by the sensor control component. When it moves to the vicinity of the sowing point, it pours fertilizer into the vicinity of the sowing point with the help of the material guiding component, so as to realize quantitative hole sowing and fertilization.

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