Corn and soybean composite seeder based on cloud technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn and soybean compound seeder based on a cloud technology in the technical field of agricultural seeding equipment. The corn and soybean compound seeder comprises a dragging machine, a bracket is arranged at the tail of the trailer; a plurality of seeding mechanisms are arranged on the bracket; the seeding mechanism comprises a furrow opener, a seed metering assembly and a pressing assembly; the furrow opener is used for digging a planting groove in soil; a depth adjusting assembly is arranged on the furrow opener and is used for adjusting the depth of the planting groove; the seed discharging assembly is used for sowing seeds into the planting grooves; the compacting assembly is used for compacting soil; a mass center adjusting assembly is arranged in the pressing assembly; the mass center adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the mass center position of the pressing assembly in response to operation of the depth adjusting assembly; the system further comprises an acquisition unit and a cloud platform. The acquisition unit is used for acquiring soil information. The cloud platform is used for judging the seeding depth based on the soil information and controlling the operation of the depth adjusting assembly. According to the scheme, the sowing depth and the pressing strength can be accurately adjusted, and the seed germination rate and emergence rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural seeding equipment, and specifically relates to a corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology. Background Art

[0002] With the growth of the global population and the increasing demand for food, it has become crucial to improve agricultural yields and efficiency. As two important food and cash crops, the planting areas and yields of corn and soybeans are of great significance for meeting market demands and ensuring food security. The traditional single-crop planting mode can no longer meet the requirements of modern efficient agriculture. Therefore, the intercropping technology has emerged. Among them, the corn-soybean combined seeder, as an advanced agricultural machine, can achieve the simultaneous seeding of two crops, improving land utilization rate and output benefits.

[0003] However, there are still some defects and deficiencies in the existing corn-soybean combined seeder in practical applications. For example, there are significant differences in the seeding depths of corn and soybeans. Corn usually needs to be seeded to a depth of about 5 cm, while soybeans are suitable for seeding at a depth of about 3 cm. The ability of soybean seeds to break through the soil is weak, and improper seeding depth (such as too deep or too tight compaction) is likely to lead to difficult emergence. When using the same machine for synchronous seeding, if the profiling accuracy of the machine is not high enough, or the compaction intensity is not adjusted differentially, it is very easy to result in a low emergence rate of soybeans, thus affecting the final yield and economic benefits.

[0004] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, there is an urgent need for a seeder that can be precisely adjusted according to the different seeding depth requirements of corn and soybeans to ensure that both crops can achieve an ideal emergence rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology, which can improve the seeding quality while enhancing land utilization rate and yield.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology includes a tractor; a bracket is arranged at the tail of the tractor; a plurality of seeding mechanisms are arranged on the bracket; the seeding mechanism includes a furrow opener, a seed metering assembly, and a compaction assembly;

[0008] The furrow opener is used to dig planting grooves in the soil; a depth adjustment assembly is arranged on the furrow opener, and the depth adjustment assembly is used to adjust the depth of the planting grooves;

[0009] The seed metering assembly is used to sow seeds into the planting grooves;

[0010] The compaction assembly is used to compact the soil; a centroid adjustment assembly is arranged inside the compaction assembly; the centroid adjustment assembly is used to adjust the centroid position of the compaction assembly in response to the operation of the depth adjustment assembly;

[0011] It further includes a collection unit and a cloud platform. The collection unit is used to collect soil information; the cloud platform is used to judge the sowing depth based on the soil information and control the operation of the depth adjustment assembly.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above solution are as follows:

[0013] 1. Compared with the prior art of using the same machine for synchronous sowing, in this solution, through the synergistic effect of the depth adjustment assembly and the centroid adjustment assembly, it can be accurately adjusted according to the different sowing depth requirements of corn and soybeans. The depth adjustment assembly on the furrow opener ensures that the depth of the planting trench meets the specific requirements of each crop, while the centroid adjustment assembly inside the compaction assembly adjusts the centroid position according to the operation of the depth adjustment assembly, so as to realize the differential adjustment of the compaction intensity. This precise depth and compaction control effectively avoids the problem of difficult emergence of soybeans caused by improper sowing depth or over-tight compaction, significantly improves the emergence rate of soybeans and corn, and thus improves the final yield and economic benefits.

[0014] 2. In this solution, the collection unit can collect key information such as the humidity, temperature, and texture of the soil in real time and transmit these data to the cloud platform. Based on these soil information, the cloud platform uses preset algorithms and models to judge the most suitable sowing depth, and then accurately controls the operation of the depth adjustment assembly. This intelligent control mechanism enables the sowing operation to be adaptively adjusted according to the soil characteristics of different plots, ensuring that each crop can grow under the best soil conditions, and further improving the sowing quality and yield stability.

[0015] Furthermore, the furrow opener includes a steel shaft and a pair of furrow wheels; the top of the steel shaft is fixedly connected to the bracket, the furrow wheels are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the steel shaft, and two adjacent furrow wheels are arranged at an acute angle.

[0016] Beneficial effect: Two adjacent furrow wheels are arranged at an acute angle, which can form a converging opening when entering the soil, helping to concentrate the force to cut into the soil, thereby reducing the furrowing resistance and enabling the furrow opener to more easily dig planting trenches in the soil.

[0017] Furthermore, the depth adjustment assembly includes a lifting motor and a lead screw; a chute is opened inside the steel shaft, the lifting motor is fixedly connected to one end of the chute, the output shaft of the lifting motor is axially fixedly connected to the lead screw, and the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chute; a nut seat is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw, and the nut seat is respectively fixedly connected to the furrow wheels.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The lifting motor drives the screw rod to rotate. By using the thread fit between the screw rod and the nut seat, the rotational motion is converted into a linear motion, thereby precisely controlling the lifting of the furrowing wheel. This transmission method can achieve an adjustment accuracy of the micron level, ensuring that the depth of the planting groove meets the different sowing requirements of corn and soybeans, and effectively improving the sowing quality.

[0019] Furthermore, the seed metering assembly includes a seed box; the seed box is fixedly connected to the bracket. An accommodation cavity is provided in the seed box. A sealing cover is arranged at the top of the accommodation cavity. The bottom of the accommodation cavity communicates with a movable groove. A sieve plate is slidably connected to the top of the movable groove. Side grooves and a pump assembly are respectively communicated with both sides of the movable groove. The pump assembly is used to convey air into the movable groove. A servo motor is arranged in the movable groove. A transmission shaft is axially and fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor. A shaking assembly is arranged on the transmission shaft. The shaking assembly is used to shake the sieve plate based on the operation of the transmission shaft. An adsorption disc is arranged at the other end of the transmission shaft. The adsorption disc is rotatably connected to the side groove. A plurality of through grooves are circumferentially arranged on the adsorption disc. A breathable layer is further arranged between the adsorption disc and the side groove. An outlet is arranged on the breathable layer. When the outlet is docked with the through groove, the seeds pass through the through groove and enter the side groove; the bottom of the side groove communicates with a sowing pipe.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The sieve plate slides in the movable groove and cooperates with the vibration of the shaking assembly, which can effectively screen and loosen the seeds, prevent the seeds from caking or accumulating in the seed box, and ensure the uniform distribution of the seeds in the movable groove. This uniform distribution helps with subsequent precise sowing and avoids the problem of uneven emergence caused by uneven seed distribution.

[0021] By driving the transmission shaft to rotate through the servo motor, the through grooves on the adsorption disc can precisely control the number of seeds adsorbed each time under the synergistic action of the air flow. When the adsorption disc rotates, the through grooves are docked with the outlets on the breathable layer, and the seeds enter the side groove through the through grooves and finally fall into the planting groove through the sowing pipe. This design can achieve single-seed or fixed-number seed sowing, greatly improving the sowing accuracy, avoiding seed waste and overcrowded planting.

[0022] The shaking assembly loosens the seeds on the sieve plate through slight vibration instead of using forced mechanical stirring or pushing, thereby reducing mechanical damage to the seeds. This is particularly important for some seeds with thin seed coats that are easily damaged, and can improve the germination rate and emergence rate of the seeds.

[0023] The pump assembly conveys air into the movable groove to form an air flow, which helps with the flow and distribution of the seeds in the movable groove. At the same time, the rotation of the adsorption disc and the precise docking of the through grooves enable the seeds to quickly and accurately enter the sowing pipe, reducing delays and blockages during the sowing process and improving the overall sowing efficiency.

[0024] Furthermore, the jitter component includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear; the second bevel gear is axially fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear, and the first bevel gear is axially fixedly connected with a rotating shaft; a hollow column and a spring are sleeved on the rotating shaft, the top of the hollow column is fixedly connected to the sieve plate, a hollow groove is opened in the hollow column, the rotating shaft is slidably matched with the hollow groove, a closed N-shaped groove is opened on the side wall of the hollow groove, a convex block is arranged on one side of the rotating shaft, and the convex block is slidably connected with the N-shaped groove; the spring is located between the hollow column and the first bevel gear.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The rotation of the transmission shaft drives the rotation of the second bevel gear, the rotation of the second bevel gear drives the rotation of the first bevel gear, the rotation of the first bevel gear drives the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the convex block to rotate reciprocally along the N-shaped groove. When the convex block moves to the straight part of the N-shaped groove, the spring will release potential energy to bounce the hollow column upward, thereby causing the sieve plate to vibrate or jitter.

[0026] The jitter component is driven by bevel gears to convert the rotational motion of the transmission shaft into the up-and-down jitter of the sieve plate. This jitter can effectively prevent seeds from accumulating or caking on the sieve plate, making the seeds evenly distributed in the activity groove. The evenly distributed seeds contribute to subsequent precise sowing and avoid the problem of uneven emergence caused by uneven seed distribution.

[0027] The jitter of the sieve plate not only helps with the even distribution of seeds but also effectively reduces the blockage of seeds in the activity groove. Especially in the case of high humidity or high seed impurity content, the jitter combined with the airflow can prevent seeds from sticking together, ensure the smooth flow of seeds, and improve the continuity and efficiency of sowing.

[0028] Furthermore, the pressing component includes a pair of connecting rods and a pair of pressing wheels; one ends of the connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected to the bracket, the other ends of the connecting rods are rotatably connected to the pressing wheels, the adjacent pressing wheels are non-parallel, and the distance between the bottoms of the adjacent pressing wheels is less than the distance between the tops.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The inclined design of the pressing wheels can better squeeze the soil on both sides of the planting groove, making the soil evenly cover the seeds. This even soil covering helps the seeds to be evenly distributed in the soil, improving the emergence rate and the growth consistency of the crops. The pressing wheels push the soil opened by the furrow opener back into the planting groove during the rolling process, avoiding directly compressing the planting groove, thereby maintaining the looseness of the soil and being beneficial to the germination of seeds and the expansion of roots.

[0030] Furthermore, the centroid adjustment component includes a balancing member; balancing grooves are opened in the pressing wheels, the balancing member is slidably matched with the balancing grooves, and conveying ports are opened at both ends of the balancing grooves;

[0031] A hydraulic pipeline is also opened in the steel shaft, a piston column is slidably matched in the hydraulic pipeline, and one side of the piston column is fixedly connected to the nut seat;

[0032] A slip ring is provided at the rotational connection of the connecting rod and the press wheel, and both ends of the hydraulic pipeline are respectively communicated with the conveying ports through the slip rings.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The movement of the nut seat drives the piston rod to slide in the hydraulic pipeline. According to different ditching depths, the hydraulic oil volume delivered to the balance groove of the press wheel is precisely adjusted, thereby controlling the movement distance of the balance component. When the ditching depth is relatively shallow, the movement distance of the balance component is relatively short, and the deviation distance of the centroid of the press wheel is relatively small. The pressure distribution of the press wheel on the soil is more uniform and gentle, avoiding excessive compaction from affecting the emergence of seeds by the soil. When the ditching depth is relatively deep, the movement distance of the balance component is relatively long, and the deviation distance of the centroid of the press wheel is relatively large. The press wheel applies an appropriate pressure to the soil to ensure that the soil compaction degree is suitable for seed germination.

[0034] This centroid adjustment component can automatically adjust the centroid position of the press wheel according to the ditching depth, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the compaction intensity. This automatic adjustment function reduces the intervention of operators, makes the compaction process more intelligent and automated, and ensures the best compaction effect under different soil conditions and sowing depths.

[0035] Furthermore, an exhaust passage is also communicated with one side of the movable groove, and a pressure relief valve is arranged in the exhaust passage.

[0036] Beneficial effects: During the seed metering process, the pump assembly conveys air into the movable groove, which may cause the air pressure in the movable groove to rise. The arrangement of the exhaust passage and the pressure relief valve can timely discharge the excess air, balance the air pressure in the movable groove, and ensure the normal operation of the seed metering assembly. The pressure relief valve can prevent the seeds from being pressed too tightly or blocked in the movable groove due to excessive air pressure. When the air pressure exceeds a certain value, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to release the excess pressure, thereby avoiding seed blockage and ensuring the smooth flow of seeds.

[0037] Furthermore, the acquisition unit includes a soil humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor, and a soil texture sensor. The above sensors are all arranged at the front end of the tractor for real-time monitoring of the humidity, temperature, and texture information of the soil, and transmitting the data to the cloud platform.

[0038] Beneficial effects: These sensors can real-time monitor the humidity, temperature, and texture information of the soil, providing accurate soil data for the sowing operation. By arranging the sensors at the front end of the tractor, the soil information can be obtained in time before sowing, ensuring that the seeder operates according to the latest soil conditions.

[0039] Furthermore, a capacitance sensor is also arranged in the side groove. The capacitance sensor is used to collect the sowing frequency of the seeds, and the cloud platform is also used to control the operation of the servo motor and the pump assembly based on the sowing frequency.

[0040] Beneficial effects: The capacitive sensor can monitor the seeding frequency of seeds in real time and provide accurate seeding data for the cloud platform. Based on this data, the cloud platform can precisely control the rotational speed of the servo motor and the air delivery volume of the pump assembly, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the seeding amount and seeding speed. This helps ensure that each seed is sown at the preset spacing and quantity, improving the uniformity and accuracy of seeding. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 FIG. is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the maize-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a side view of.

[0043] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a top view of.

[0044] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a sectional view taken along line A-A in.

[0045] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partially enlarged schematic view at M in.

[0046] Figure 6 is Figure 5 an internal structural schematic view of the hollow column in.

[0047] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an unfolded schematic view of the N-shaped groove in.

[0048] Figure 8 is Figure 4 an internal structural schematic view of the press wheel in.

[0049] Figure 9 FIG. is a schematic view of the installation position of the slip ring in the maize-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 10 is Figure 4 a partially enlarged schematic view at N in.

[0051] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: 1. towing machine; 2. bracket; 3. seed box; 4. press wheel; 5. chassis; 6. furrow opener; 301. sealing cover; 302. accommodation cavity; 303. sieve plate; 304. movable slot; 305. hollow column; 306. side slot; 307. sowing tube; 308. breathable layer; 309. adsorption disc; 310. transmission shaft; 311. servo motor; 312. first bevel gear; 313. second bevel gear; 314. spring; 315. ventilation pipe; 316. lifting motor; 317. steel shaft; 318. lead screw; 319. sliding slot; 320. nut seat; 321. piston column; 322. hydraulic pipeline; 323. exhaust passage; 324. pressure relief valve; 325. capacitance sensor; 401. balance slot; 402. balance member; 403. delivery port; 404. connecting rod; 405. slip ring; 501. air pump; 3051. hollow groove; 3052. N-shaped groove; 3053. convex block; 3054. rotating shaft; 3081. outlet; 3091. through slot. Detailed implementation mode

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and defined, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the communication inside two elements. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] The following will be further described in detail through specific implementation modes:

[0056] Embodiment 1 is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1 - 10As shown: A corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology, including a tractor 1; a bracket 2 is arranged at the tail of the tractor 1; several seeding mechanisms are arranged on the bracket 2; the seeding mechanism includes a furrow opener, a seed metering component and a pressing component:

[0057] The furrow opener is used to dig planting grooves in the soil; a depth adjustment component is arranged on the furrow opener, and the depth adjustment component is used to adjust the depth of the planting grooves; specifically, the furrow opener includes a steel shaft 317 and a pair of furrow opening wheels 6; the top of the steel shaft 317 is welded and fixed to the bracket 2, the furrow opening wheels 6 are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the steel shaft 317, and two adjacent furrow opening wheels 6 are arranged at an acute angle. Combining Attachment Figure 1 Attachment Figure 2 Attachment Figure 4 As shown, Figure 2 In Attachment

[0058] Specifically, combining Attachment Figure 4 Attachment Figure 5 Attachment Figure 10 As shown, the depth adjustment component includes a lifting motor 316 and a lead screw 318; a chute 319 is opened in the steel shaft 317, the lifting motor 316 is fixedly connected to the top of the chute 319 by bolts, the output shaft of the lifting motor 316 is axially fixedly connected to the lead screw 318 through a coupling, and the other end of the lead screw 318 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chute 319; a nut seat 320 is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw 318, and the nut seat 320 is respectively welded and fixed to the furrow opening wheels 6. Specifically, the nut seat 320 is welded and fixed to the center of the furrow opening wheels 6.

[0059] The seed metering component is used to sow seeds into the planting grooves. Specifically, combining Attachment Figure 4 Attachment Figure 5 As shown, the seed metering component includes a seed box 3; the seed box 3 is fixedly connected to the bracket 2 by bolts, a receiving cavity 302 is opened in the seed box 3, a sealing cover 301 is rotatably connected to the top of the receiving cavity 302, a movable groove 304 is communicated with the bottom of the receiving cavity 302, a sieve plate 303 is slidably connected to the top of the movable groove 304, and side grooves 306 and a pump assembly are respectively communicated with both sides of the movable groove 304. The pump assembly is used to convey air into the movable groove 304. Specifically, the pump assembly includes a chassis 5; an air pump 501 is arranged in the chassis 5, the output end of the air pump 501 is communicated with a ventilation pipe 315, and the other end of the ventilation pipe 315 is communicated with the movable groove 304. Preferably, an exhaust passage 323 is also communicated with one side of the movable groove 304, and a pressure relief valve 324 is fixedly connected to the exhaust passage 323 by bolts.

[0060] A servo motor 311 is arranged in the movable groove 304, and the servo motor 311 is fixedly bolted to Figure 5Inside the left wall of the middle movable slot 304, on the output shaft of the servo motor 311, a transmission shaft 310 is axially fixedly connected through a coupling. A shaking component is arranged on the transmission shaft 310. The shaking component is used to shake the sieve plate 303 based on the operation of the transmission shaft 310. Specifically, the shaking component includes a first bevel gear 312 and a second bevel gear 313; the second bevel gear 313 is axially fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 310 through a key connection, the second bevel gear 313 meshes with the first bevel gear 312, and a rotating shaft 3054 is axially arranged on the first bevel gear 312. The rotating shaft 3054 is axially fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 312 through a key connection; in combination with Attached Figure 5 , Attached Figure 6 and Attached Figure 7 As shown, a hollow column 305 and a spring 314 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 3054. The top of the hollow column 305 is welded and fixed to the sieve plate 303. A hollow groove 3051 is opened in the hollow column 305. The rotating shaft 3054 is slidably matched with the hollow groove 3051. A closed N-shaped groove 3052 is opened on the side wall of the hollow groove 3051 (specifically as shown in Attached Figure 7 ), a convex block 3053 is welded and fixed on one side of the rotating shaft 3054, and the convex block 3053 is slidably connected with the N-shaped groove 3052; the spring 314 is sleeved between the hollow column 305 and the first bevel gear 312, that is, the top of the spring 314 contacts the hollow column 305, and the bottom of the spring 314 contacts the first bevel gear 312.

[0061] Figure 5 On the right end of the transmission shaft 310 in , an adsorption disc 309 is axially welded and fixed. The adsorption disc 309 is rotatably connected with the side groove 306. A plurality of through grooves 3091 are circumferentially opened on the adsorption disc 309. An air-permeable layer 308 is also arranged between the adsorption disc 309 and the side groove 306. The right side of the adsorption disc 309 is slidably matched with the left side of the air-permeable layer 308. An outlet 3081 is opened on the air-permeable layer 308. When the outlet 3081 is docked with the through groove 3091, the seeds pass through the through groove 3091 and enter the side groove 306; the bottom of the side groove 306 is communicated with a sowing pipe 307. As shown in Attached Figure 4 , in this embodiment, the sowing pipe 307 is located between two furrowing wheels 6.

[0062] The pressing component is used to press the soil; a centroid adjustment component is arranged inside the pressing component; the centroid adjustment component is used to adjust the centroid position of the pressing component in response to the operation of the depth adjustment component.

[0063] Specifically, the pressing component includes a pair of connecting rods 404 and a pair of pressing wheels 4; one ends of the connecting rods 404 are respectively rotatably connected to the bracket 2, and the other ends of the connecting rods 404 are rotatably connected to the pressing wheels 4. The adjacent pressing wheels 4 are in a non-parallel relationship, and the distance between the bottoms of the adjacent pressing wheels 4 is less than the distance between the tops.

[0064] Specifically, the centroid adjustment component includes a balancing member 402. In this embodiment, the balancing member 402 is a gravity member with a regular shape and uniform density distribution; in combination with the attached Figure 8 As shown, balance grooves 401 are respectively formed in the pressing wheels 4. In this embodiment, the balance grooves 401 are formed along the radial direction of the pressing wheels 4. The balancing member 402 is in sliding fit with the balance grooves 401. Delivery ports 403 are respectively formed at both ends of the balance grooves 401. Initially, the balancing member 402 is located at the center of the balance grooves 401, and the balance grooves 401 and the spaces communicated therewith are filled with hydraulic oil.

[0065] In combination with the attached Figure 10 As shown, a hydraulic pipeline 322 is further formed in the steel shaft 317. A piston column 321 is in sliding fit in the hydraulic pipeline 322. The right side of the piston column 321 is fixedly connected to the nut seat 320 by welding. Specifically, there is a partially connected area between the hydraulic pipeline 322 and the sliding groove 319, and the connecting part of the piston column 321 and the nut seat 320 is located in this area. Therefore, the nut seat 320 can drive the piston column 321 to move synchronously while moving.

[0066] A slip ring 405 is arranged at the rotational connection between the connecting rod 404 and the pressing wheel 4. In this embodiment, the type of the slip ring 405 is a liquid slip ring 405, which can transmit a medium (hydraulic oil) between rotation (i.e., the pressing wheel 4) and rest (i.e., the connecting rod 404). Specifically, in this embodiment, the hydraulic pipeline 322 is arranged along the steel shaft 317 - the bracket 2 - the connecting rod 404. The rotational connections and hinge points between the connecting rod 404 and the bracket 2 are all communicated through the slip ring 405. Both ends of the hydraulic pipeline 322 are respectively communicated with the delivery ports 403 through the slip ring 405.

[0067] It further includes a collection unit and a cloud platform. The collection unit is used to collect soil information; specifically, the collection unit includes a soil humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor, and a soil texture sensor. These sensors are all installed at the front end of the tractor 1 and are used to monitor the humidity, temperature, and texture information of the soil in real time and transmit the data to the cloud platform.

[0068] The cloud platform is used to judge the sowing depth based on the soil information and control the operation of the depth adjustment component.

[0069] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0070] First, load the corn seeds and soybean seeds into the corresponding seed boxes 3 respectively, ensuring that the quantity and quality of the seeds are sufficient.

[0071] Then, start the towing machine 1. When the towing machine 1 drives the seeder into the field to start seeding operations, the soil moisture sensor, soil temperature sensor, and soil texture sensor installed at the front end of the towing machine 1 monitor the relevant soil information in real time and send this data to the cloud platform in a wireless transmission manner. After receiving this soil information, the cloud platform analyzes and judges through the built-in intelligent algorithm and preset planting model, determines the most suitable seeding depth under the current soil conditions, and sends the corresponding control instructions to the depth adjustment component.

[0072] For example, during a certain seeding operation, the soil moisture sensor detects that the soil moisture is 20%, the soil temperature is 25°C, and the soil texture is loam. According to the preset planting model, the cloud platform determines that under such soil conditions, the suitable seeding depth for corn is 5 cm, and the suitable seeding depth for soybeans is 3 cm. After receiving the control instructions, the lifting motor 316 of the depth adjustment component starts and drives the lead screw 318 to rotate. Due to the thread engagement relationship between the lead screw 318 and the nut seat 320, the rotational motion of the lead screw 318 is converted into the linear motion of the nut seat 320. The nut seat 320 is fixedly connected to the furrow opener 6, so the furrow opener 6 moves up and down under the drive of the nut seat 320, thereby adjusting the penetration depth of the furrow opener to ensure that the depth of the planting groove meets the optimal seeding depth calculated by the cloud platform based on the soil information.

[0073] While the furrow opener digs out the planting groove, the seed metering component starts to work. The seeds in the seed box 3 fall into the movable groove 304 under the action of their own gravity and the vibration of the sieve plate 303. The air pump 501 of the pump component starts and conveys air into the movable groove 304 through the air pipe 315, so as to form a certain air flow in the movable groove 304. The role of the air flow is to keep the seeds in a loose state in the movable groove 304, facilitating subsequent seeding operations, and at the same time preventing the seeds from caking or blocking in the movable groove 304. The sieve plate 303 in the movable groove 304 continuously vibrates under the action of the vibration component, further ensuring that the seeds are evenly distributed and not blocked. The working principle of the vibration component is as follows: The servo motor 311 drives the transmission shaft 310 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 313 on the transmission shaft 310 rotates accordingly. The first bevel gear 312 meshed with it also rotates accordingly, and then drives the rotating shaft 3054 to rotate. The convex block 3053 on the rotating shaft 3054 slides in the N-shaped groove 3052. When the convex block 3053 slides to the straight part of the N-shaped groove 3052, the spring 314 releases its potential energy and pushes the hollow column 305 to bounce upward, thereby driving the sieve plate 303 to vibrate, and so on.

[0074] Meanwhile, the servo motor 311 continues to drive the transmission shaft 310 to rotate, driving the suction disc 309 to rotate. During the rotation of the suction disc 309, the seeds falling into the movable groove 304 are successively adsorbed in the through groove 3091 under the action of air flow until the through groove 3091 is docked with the outlet 3081 on the breathable layer 308 in sequence. At this time, the seeds enter the side groove 306 through the through groove 3091 under the action of positive pressure (air flow). The seeding tube 307 connected to the bottom of the side groove 306 guides the seeds into the planting groove dug by the furrow opener, completing the seeding operation.

[0075] After the seeds are sown into the planting groove, the compaction assembly immediately compacts the soil to ensure full contact between the seeds and the soil, creating good conditions for seed germination. One end of the connecting rod 404 of the compaction assembly is rotatably connected to the bracket 2, and the other end is rotatably connected to the compaction wheel 4. The adjacent compaction wheels 4 are in a non-parallel relationship, and the bottom interval is smaller than the top interval. This design enables the compaction wheel 4 to push the soil pushed open by the furrow opener back into the planting groove during the rolling process, avoiding the problem of excessive soil compaction caused by the traditional compaction wheel 4 directly rolling over the planting groove. At the same time, the inclined design of the compaction wheel 4 can better squeeze the soil on both sides of the groove, ensuring uniform soil covering.

[0076] The centroid adjustment assembly automatically adjusts the centroid position of the compaction wheel 4 according to the operating conditions of the depth adjustment assembly to achieve differential adjustment of the compaction intensity. Specifically, when the depth adjustment assembly adjusts the furrow opening depth, the movement of the nut seat 320 drives the piston rod 321 to slide in the hydraulic pipeline 322. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pipeline 322 is transported to the balance groove 401 of the compaction wheel 4 through the slip ring 405, pushing the balance member 402 to move. The movement of the balance member 402 changes the centroid position of the compaction wheel 4, thereby adjusting the pressure distribution of the compaction wheel 4 on the soil. For example, when the furrow opening depth is relatively shallow (such as 3 cm), the movement distance of the nut seat 320 is short, the amount of hydraulic oil pushed by the piston rod 321 is small, the movement distance of the balance member 402 is also short, the deviation distance of the centroid of the compaction wheel 4 is small, and the pressure distribution of the compaction wheel 4 on the soil is relatively uniform and gentle, avoiding excessive compaction from affecting the emergence of seeds by pushing through the soil; while when the furrow opening depth is relatively deep (such as 5 cm), the movement distance of the nut seat 320 is long, more hydraulic oil is pushed by the piston rod 321 into the balance groove 401, the movement distance of the balance member 402 increases, the deviation distance of the centroid of the compaction wheel 4 is large, and the compaction wheel 4 applies an appropriate pressure to the soil to ensure that the soil compaction degree is suitable for seed germination.

[0077] In order to verify the performance advantages of the corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology, a field experiment was carried out. The following is the experimental data table:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Experimental analysis:

[0081] Due to the lack of precise depth adjustment devices, the actual sowing depth of corn and soybeans in traditional planters deviates greatly from the ideal depth. The cloud-based composite planter can accurately adjust the sowing depth according to soil conditions and crop needs through the depth adjustment component to ensure that the seeds are sown in the most suitable soil layer.

[0082] The experimental results show that the emergence rates of corn and soybeans sown using the cloud-based composite seeder increased by 7% and 11% respectively. This is mainly due to the precise sowing depth control and uniform soil covering, which creates a good environment for seed germination.

[0083] The sowing uniformity of traditional seeders is low, mainly due to the lack of effective seed distribution control methods. The new seeder, through the coordinated work of the seeding component and the shaking component, makes the seeds evenly distributed in the movable groove, significantly improving the sowing uniformity.

[0084] The pressing component of the cloud-based composite seeder can automatically adjust the center of mass position according to the sowing depth to achieve moderate compaction of the soil, avoiding the problem of excessive compaction of the soil by traditional pressing wheels, which is beneficial to seed germination and root growth.

[0085] The new seeder has a high degree of automation and intelligence. It can complete multiple steps such as furrowing, sowing, and pressing in one operation. The coordinated work of various components reduces the adjustment and stop time during the operation, greatly improving the sowing efficiency.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] The only difference from the above embodiment 1 is that the Figure 5 As shown, a capacitive sensor 325 is also installed in the side groove 306, and the capacitive sensor 325 is used to collect the sowing frequency of seeds. The cloud platform is also used to control the operation of the servo motor 311 and the pump assembly (air pump 501) based on the sowing frequency.

[0088] Specific implementation process: During the sowing process, when the seeds pass through the capacitive sensor 325, the capacitive sensor 325 can collect the capacitance change, and the capacitive sensor 325 in the side groove 306 monitors the seed sowing frequency in real time and transmits the data to the cloud platform. The cloud platform dynamically adjusts the speed of the servo motor 311 and the air delivery volume of the air pump 501 according to the sowing frequency information to ensure accurate control of the sowing amount and sowing speed. For example, when the capacitive sensor 325 detects that the sowing frequency is lower than the preset value, the cloud platform will appropriately increase the speed of the servo motor 311 and increase the speed of the adsorption disk 309, thereby increasing the sowing frequency; otherwise, it will reduce the speed to avoid over-dense sowing.

[0089] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common general knowledge of specific structures and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope claimed in this application shall be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A corn and soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology, comprising a tractor (1); a bracket (2) is arranged at the tail of the tractor (1); a plurality of sowing mechanisms are arranged on the bracket (2); the sowing mechanism comprises a furrow opener, a seed metering component and a pressing component; it is characterized in that: The furrow opener is used to dig planting grooves in the soil; a depth adjustment component is arranged on the furrow opener, and the depth adjustment component is used to adjust the depth of the planting grooves; The seed metering component is used to sow seeds into the planting grooves; The soil compaction component is used to compact the soil; a centroid adjustment component is arranged in the soil compaction component; the centroid adjustment component is used to adjust the centroid position of the soil compaction component in response to the operation of the depth adjustment component; It further includes a collection unit and a cloud platform. The collection unit is used to collect soil information; the cloud platform is used to judge the sowing depth based on the soil information and control the operation of the depth adjustment component.

2. The corn and soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrow opener includes a steel shaft (317) and a pair of furrow wheels (6); the top of the steel shaft (317) is fixedly connected to the bracket (2), and the furrow wheels (6) are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the steel shaft (317), and two adjacent furrow wheels (6) are arranged at an acute angle.

3. The corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 2, wherein: The depth adjustment component includes a lifting motor (316) and a lead screw (318); a chute (319) is opened in the steel shaft (317), the lifting motor (316) is fixedly connected to one end of the chute (319), the output shaft of the lifting motor (316) is axially fixedly connected to the lead screw (318), and the other end of the lead screw (318) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chute (319); a nut seat (320) is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw (318), and the nut seat (320) is respectively fixedly connected to the furrow wheels (6).

4. The corn and soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seed metering component includes a seed box (3); the seed box (3) is fixedly connected to the bracket (2), a receiving cavity (302) is opened in the seed box (3), a sealing cover (301) is arranged at the top of the receiving cavity (302), the bottom of the receiving cavity (302) is communicated with a movable slot (304), a sieve plate (303) is slidably connected to the top of the movable slot (304), both sides of the movable slot (304) are respectively communicated with a side slot (306) and a pump assembly, the pump assembly is used to convey air into the movable slot (304), a servo motor (311) is arranged in the movable slot (304), the output shaft of the servo motor (311) is axially fixedly connected to a transmission shaft (310), a shaking component is arranged on the transmission shaft (310), the shaking component is used to shake the sieve plate (303) based on the operation of the transmission shaft (310), the other end of the transmission shaft (310) is provided with an adsorption disc (309), the adsorption disc (309) is rotatably connected to the side slot (306), a plurality of through slots (3091) are circumferentially opened on the adsorption disc (309), a breathable layer (308) is further arranged between the adsorption disc (309) and the side slot (306), an outlet (3081) is opened on the breathable layer (308), and when the outlet (3081) is docked with the through slots (3091), seeds pass through the through slots (3091) and enter the side slot (306); the bottom of the side slot (306) is communicated with a sowing pipe (307).

5. The corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The jitter component includes a first bevel gear (312) and a second bevel gear (313); the second bevel gear (313) is axially fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (310), the second bevel gear (313) meshes with the first bevel gear (312), and a rotating shaft (3054) is axially fixedly connected to the first bevel gear (312); a hollow column (305) and a spring (314) are sleeved on the rotating shaft (3054), the top of the hollow column (305) is fixedly connected to the sieve plate (303), a hollow groove (3051) is formed in the hollow column (305), the rotating shaft (3054) is slidably matched with the hollow groove (3051), a closed N-shaped groove (3052) is formed in the side wall of the hollow groove (3051), a convex block (3053) is arranged on one side of the rotating shaft (3054), and the convex block (3053) is slidably connected with the N-shaped groove (3052); the spring (314) is located between the hollow column (305) and the first bevel gear (312).

6. The corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing component includes a pair of connecting rods (404) and a pair of pressing wheels (4); one ends of the connecting rods (404) are respectively rotatably connected to the bracket (2), the other ends of the connecting rods (404) are rotatably connected to the pressing wheels (4), the adjacent pressing wheels (4) are non-parallel to each other, and the distance between the bottoms of the adjacent pressing wheels (4) is less than the distance between the tops.

7. The corn and soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centroid adjustment component includes a balancing member (402); balancing grooves (401) are formed in the pressing wheels (4), the balancing member (402) is slidably matched with the balancing grooves (401), and conveying ports (403) are formed at both ends of the balancing grooves (401). A hydraulic pipeline (322) is further formed in the steel shaft (317), a piston column (321) is slidably matched in the hydraulic pipeline (322), and one side of the piston column (321) is fixedly connected to a nut seat (320). Sliding rings (405) are arranged at the rotating connection positions of the connecting rods (404) and the pressing wheels (4), and both ends of the hydraulic pipeline (322) are respectively communicated with the conveying ports (403) through the sliding rings (405).

8. The maize-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: An exhaust passage (323) is further communicated with one side of the movable groove (304), and a pressure relief valve (324) is arranged in the exhaust passage (323).

9. The corn-soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes a soil humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor and a soil texture sensor. The above sensors are all arranged at the front end of the tractor (1) for real-time monitoring of the humidity, temperature and texture information of the soil, and transmitting the data to the cloud platform.

10. The corn and soybean combined seeder based on cloud technology according to claim 9, characterized in that: A capacitance sensor (325) is further arranged in the side groove (306). The capacitance sensor (325) is used for collecting the sowing frequency of seeds, and the cloud platform is further used for controlling the operation of the servo motor (311) and the pump assembly based on the sowing frequency.

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