Self-propelled corn harvester

Abstract

The invention provides a self-propelled corn harvester. The self-propelled corn harvester comprises an ear picking header, a lifting system, a peeling machine, a granary, a field returning mechanism, a rack, a driving axle, a steering axle, a hydraulic driving system, a transmission system, a driving control system, a power system, an electric appliance system and a protection system. The ear picking header comprises a plant channel, a reel, a detachable header front protective cover, an ear picking roller, a header rear protective cover and a reel chain, the reel protrudes towards the plant channel, plants are guided into the plant channel through the reel chain, the structure adopts a non-row-aligning technology, and harvesting can be well carried out. The granary main body is arranged on the movable frame, and the movable frame moves in a slide way arranged on the fixed frame under the action of the oil cylinder; the safety mechanism is used for limiting and preventing falling after the oil cylinder extends out; the extension sliding plate is arranged above the granary body, a conveying mechanism is additionally arranged in the granary, the cluster stacking process is interfered, the volume utilization rate of the granary is increased, the single-time harvesting time is effectively prolonged, and the harvesting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly to a self-propelled corn harvester. Background Art

[0002] A corn harvester is a kind of agricultural machinery that can complete multiple operations such as ear picking, stacking, and straw returning to the field at one time when the corn is ripe. China is a major corn-producing country. The traditional manual way of harvesting corn can no longer meet the needs of farmers. As a frequently used harvesting device in farmland, corn harvesters have been widely used in farmland.

[0003] Due to diverse planting patterns, in most cases, traditional corn harvesters cannot align with the channels and smoothly enter the cutter bar channels when harvesting out-of-row plants, and thus cannot carry out effective harvesting work. When there is a large amount of lodging of plants, the cutter bar of traditional corn harvesters cannot guide the plants into the most suitable adjacent channels and cannot perform good harvesting operations.

[0004] The existing grain bin on the market is set at the bottom of the peeling machine with a very small volume. The corn harvester needs to stop frequently to clean the grains, resulting in low harvesting efficiency.

[0005] Affected by the planting mode, in order to adapt to this mode, the body of the corn harvester is relatively compact, and it is limited to expand the volume of the grain bin. The natural throwing and stacking of ear cobs result in a small utilization rate of the grain bin, which necessarily increases the number of grain unloading times, reduces the single harvesting time, and lowers the efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical measures: A self-propelled corn harvester includes a ear picking cutter bar, an elevating system, a peeling machine, a grain bin, a straw returning mechanism, a frame, a drive axle, a steering axle, a hydraulic drive system, a transmission system, a driving and operating system, a power system, an electrical system, and a protection system; the ear picking cutter bar is arranged at the front end of the frame; the elevating system is arranged behind the ear picking cutter bar and placed obliquely upward, and the peeling machine is arranged below the discharge port of the elevating system and above the frame; the grain bin is arranged at the rear of the peeling mechanism; the straw returning mechanism is arranged below the frame between the drive axle and the steering axle; the drive axle is arranged at the front lower position of the frame, and the steering axle is arranged at the rear lower position of the frame; The ear picking cutter bar arranged at the front end of the frame adopts an ear picking roller structure. The ear picking cutter bar includes a plant channel, a reel, a detachable front cutter bar guard, ear picking rollers, a rear cutter bar guard, and a reel chain. The reel protrudes towards the plant channel direction, and guides the plants into the plant channel through the reel chain; The elevating system is obliquely arranged behind the ear picking cutter bar and is equipped with a blower; The peeling machine is located below the discharge opening of the elevating system and includes a peeling mechanism, a kernel bottom bin, a kernel conveying mechanism, and a kernel outer bin arranged on the outside. The kernel outer bin is connected to the kernel bottom bin through the kernel conveying mechanism; The grain bin is arranged at the rear of the peeling machine and includes a movable frame, a fixed frame, a conveying mechanism, and an oil cylinder. The movable frame moves in the slideway of the fixed frame through the oil cylinder to improve the utilization rate of the grain bin volume; The driving control system includes a steering gear and a glass water spraying mechanism, and the glass water spraying mechanism is integrated in the middle of the steering gear or the control block.

[0007] As a preferred solution: The front guard of the cutting table is an elongated detachable structure, and the front end of the front guard of the cutting table is narrower than the rear end.

[0008] As a preferred solution: The elevating system includes an elevating main body, a driving mechanism, and a fan. The driving mechanism of the elevating system adopts a mechanical drive, a hydraulic drive, or a mechanical + hydraulic hybrid drive mode.

[0009] As a preferred solution: The kernel outer bin and the kernel bottom bin realize continuous kernel conveying through the kernel conveying mechanism.

[0010] As a preferred solution: The conveying mechanism adopts a chain rake structure. The conveying mechanism is composed of a chain, a rubber plate, and a steel plate, and the conveying mechanism is used to interfere with the ear accumulation and distribute it evenly.

[0011] As a preferred solution: The driving control system further includes a co-pilot seat. The co-pilot seat is arranged parallel to the driver's seat. The height of the driver's seat is adjustable, the front and back are adjustable, and the backrest angle is adjustable. The height of the co-pilot seat is not adjustable, and the seat backrest angle is adjustable.

[0012] As a preferred solution: A four-wheel drive transmission system is arranged below the frame. The four-wheel drive transmission system includes a front drive shaft, a connecting device, a rear drive shaft, and a gearbox. The drive axle and the steering axle are connected through the four-wheel drive transmission system.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: The ear cutting table includes a plurality of plant channels, a reel, a detachable front guard of the cutting table, ear picking rollers, a rear guard of the cutting table, and a reel chain. The reel protrudes towards the plant channels, and the plants are guided into the plant channels through the reel chain. Due to the diversified planting, in most cases, the non-row-aligned plants cannot be aligned with the channels and enter the cutting table channels smoothly. This structure adopts the non-row-aligned technology and can perform harvesting well. When a large number of plants are lodged, a long and narrow-fronted front guard of the cutting table is configured at the front end of the cutting table to guide the plants into the most suitable adjacent channels, and the plants are fed into the plant channels through the reel chain driven by the reel, and harvesting can also be performed well.

[0014] The grain bin is provided with a grain bin main body, a conveying mechanism, a fixed frame, a movable frame, a safety mechanism, an extension slide plate, and an oil cylinder; the grain bin main body is arranged on the movable frame, and the movable frame is affected by the oil cylinder and moves in the slide way arranged on the fixed frame; the safety mechanism limits the position after the oil cylinder extends to prevent it from falling back; the extension slide plate is above the grain bin main body. Due to the influence of the planting mode, the corn harvester is relatively compact in fuselage to adapt to this mode, and it is limited to expand the volume of the grain bin. The natural throwing and piling up of the ears of corn result in a small utilization rate of the grain bin, which inevitably increases the number of grain unloading times, reduces the single harvest time, and lowers the efficiency. Adding a conveying mechanism to the grain bin interferes with the process of ear piling up, increases the volume utilization rate of the grain bin, effectively extends the single harvest time, and improves the harvest efficiency.

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Attached Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Attached Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the ear picking and cutting table structure of the present invention.

[0018] Attached Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the elevating system structure of the present invention.

[0019] Attached Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the peeling machine structure of the present invention.

[0020] Attached Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the grain bin structure of the present invention.

[0021] Attached Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the frame, drive axle and related component structure of the present invention.

[0022] Attached Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the driving and operating system structure of the present invention. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0023] Embodiment: As shown in Attached Figure 1 to Attached Figure 7As shown in the figure, a self-propelled corn harvester includes a ear picking header 1, a elevating system 2, a husker 3, a grain bin 4, a stubble mulching mechanism 5, a frame 6, a driving axle 7, a steering axle 8, a hydraulic driving system 9, a transmission system 10, a driving and operating system 11, a power system 12, an electrical system 13 and a protection system 14. The ear picking header 1 is arranged at the front end of the frame 6. The elevating system 2 is arranged behind the ear picking header 1 and placed obliquely upward. The husker 3 is arranged below the discharge opening of the elevating system 2 and above the frame 6. The grain bin 4 is arranged at the rear of the husking mechanism 3. The stubble mulching mechanism 5 is arranged below the frame between the driving axle 7 and the steering axle 8. The driving axle 7 is arranged at the front lower position of the frame 6, and the steering axle 8 is arranged at the rear lower position of the frame 6.

[0024] The ear picking header 1 is arranged at the front end of the frame 6 and adopts an ear picking roller structure. The ear picking header 1 includes 4 plant channels 1.1, a reel 1.2, a detachable front guard 1.3 of the header, ear picking rollers 1.4, a rear guard 1.5 of the header and a reel chain 1.6. The reel 1.2 protrudes towards the plant channels 1.1, and guides the plants into the plant channels 1.1 through the reel chain 1.6. Due to the diversification of planting, most of the non-row plants cannot be aligned with the channels and enter the header channels smoothly. This structure adopts non-row technology and can achieve good harvesting. When a large number of plants are lodged, a long and narrow front guard 1.3 is configured at the front end of the header to guide the plants into the most suitable adjacent channels, and the plants are fed into the plant channels 1.1 through the reel chain 1.6 driven by the reel 1.2, and good harvesting can also be achieved.

[0025] The elevating system 2 is obliquely arranged behind the ear picking header 1 and is equipped with a blower 2.3.

[0026] The husker 3 is located below the discharge opening of the elevating system 2 and includes a husking mechanism 3.1, a bottom grain bin 3.2, a grain conveying mechanism 3.3 and a grain outer bin 3.4 arranged on the outside. The grain outer bin 3.4 is connected to the bottom grain bin 3.2 through the grain conveying mechanism 3.3.

[0027] The grain bin 4 is arranged at the rear of the husker 3 and includes a movable frame 4.4, a fixed frame 4.3, a conveying mechanism 4.2 and an oil cylinder 4.7. The movable frame 4.4 moves in the slideway of the fixed frame 4.3 through the oil cylinder 4.7 to improve the utilization rate of the grain bin volume.

[0028] The driving and operating system 11 includes a steering gear 11.3 and a windshield washing mechanism 11.6. The windshield washing mechanism 11.6 is integrated in the middle of the steering gear 11.3 or the operating block 11.4. The windshield washing mechanism 11.6 is provided to solve the inconvenience of operation caused by the blocked line of sight during the operation of the corn harvester and improve the degree of human-machine interaction.

[0029] The front guard 1.3 of the cutter table is a slender detachable structure, and the front end of the front guard 1.3 of the cutter table is narrower than the rear end.

[0030] The elevating system 2 includes an elevating main body 2.1, a driving mechanism 2.2, and a blower 2.3. The driving mechanism 2.2 of the elevating system 2 adopts a mechanical drive, a hydraulic drive, or a mechanical + hydraulic hybrid drive mode.

[0031] The outer grain bin 3.4 and the bottom grain bin 3.2 achieve continuous grain conveyance through a grain conveying mechanism 3.3.

[0032] The conveying mechanism 4.2 adopts a chain harrow structure. The conveying mechanism 4.2 is composed of a chain, a rubber plate, and a steel plate. The conveying mechanism 4.2 is used to interfere with the ear accumulation and distribute it evenly.

[0033] The driving and operating system 11 further includes a co-pilot seat 11.5. The co-pilot seat 11.5 is arranged in parallel with the driver seat 11.2. The height of the driver seat 11.2 is adjustable, the front and back are adjustable, and the backrest angle is adjustable. The height of the co-pilot seat 11.5 is not adjustable, and the seat backrest angle is adjustable.

[0034] A four-wheel drive transmission system is arranged below the frame 6. The four-wheel drive transmission system includes a front drive shaft 15, a connecting device 16, a rear drive shaft 17, and a gearbox 18. The drive axle 7 and the steering axle 8 are connected through the four-wheel drive transmission system.

[0035] The frame 6 of the corn harvester is arranged in the middle position. The ear picking cutter table 1 is arranged at the front end of the frame 6; the elevating system 2 is arranged behind the ear picking cutter table 1 and placed obliquely upward. The peeling machine 3 is arranged below the discharge port of the elevating system 2 and above the frame 6; the grain bin 4 is arranged at the rear of the peeling mechanism 3; the tillage return mechanism 5 is arranged below the frame, between the drive axle 7 and the steering axle 8; the drive axle 7 is arranged at the front lower position of the frame 6 and has two modes of mechanical shifting or hydraulic + mechanical shifting; the steering axle 8 is arranged at the rear lower position of the frame 6 and has two modes of steering or steering + driving. When it is four-wheel drive, a front drive shaft 15, a connecting device 16, a rear drive shaft 17, and a gearbox 18 are arranged below the frame 6. The drive axle 7 is connected to the steering axle 8 through the above components to transmit power; the hydraulic drive system 9 is arranged at the lower part of the frame 6 and connected to the drive axle 7; the transmission system 10 is arranged on the frame 6; the driving and operating system 11 is arranged above the front of the frame 6; the power system 12 is arranged at the upper middle part of the frame 6; the electrical system 13 is arranged on the frame 6; the protection system 14 is arranged on both sides of the frame 6.

[0036] Ear - picking header 1: It is provided with 4 plant channels 1.1, including a front header guard 1.3, a rear header guard 1.5, and a reel 1.2 covered by the header guards. The reel 1.2 protrudes towards the plant channel 1.1 and drives a reel chain 1.6; the ear - picking mechanism uses ear - picking rollers 1.4. The front header guard 1.3 is detachable, and users can choose whether to install it according to different operating conditions.

[0037] Elevating system 2: It is provided with an elevating main body 2.1, a driving mechanism 2.2, and a blower 2.3. The driving mechanism 2.2 has mechanical drive, hydraulic drive, and mechanical + hydraulic drive modes.

[0038] Peeling machine 3: It is provided with a peeling mechanism 3.1, a kernel bottom bin 3.2, a kernel conveying mechanism 3.3, and a kernel outer bin 3.4. The kernel bottom bin 3.2 is connected to the kernel outer bin 3.4 through the kernel conveying mechanism 3.3; the kernel outer bin 3.4 is arranged on one side of the peeling mechanism 3.1.

[0039] Grain bin 4: It is provided with a grain bin main body 4.1, a conveying mechanism 4.2, a fixed frame 4.3, a movable frame 4.4, a safety mechanism 4.5, an extension slide plate 4.6, and an oil cylinder 4.7; the grain bin main body 4.1 is arranged on the movable frame 4.4. The movable frame 4.4 is affected by the oil cylinder 4.7 and moves within the slideway arranged on the fixed frame 4.3; the safety mechanism 4.5 limits the position to prevent falling back after the oil cylinder 4.7 extends; the extension slide plate 4.6 is above the grain bin main body 4.1. Affected by the planting mode, for the corn harvester to adapt to this mode, the fuselage is relatively compact, the expansion of the grain bin volume is limited, the ear is naturally scattered and piled up, resulting in a small utilization rate of the grain bin. It is necessary to increase the unloading times, reduce the single - harvest time, and lower the efficiency. By adding the conveying mechanism 4.2 to the grain bin 4, it interferes with the ear piling process, increases the volume utilization rate of the grain bin 4, effectively extends the single - harvest time, and improves the harvest efficiency.

[0040] Driving and operating system 11: It is provided with a driving platform 11.1, a driver's seat 11.2, a steering gear 11.3, an operating block 11.4, a co - driver's seat 11.5, and a glass water - spraying mechanism 11.6; the glass water - spraying mechanism 11.6 is in the middle of the steering gear 11.3 or can also be located on the operating block 11.4.

Claims

1. A self-propelled corn harvester, characterized in that: It includes a ear picking header (1), an elevating system (2), a peeling machine (3), a grain bin (4), a stubble returning mechanism (5), a frame (6), a driving axle (7), a steering axle (8), a hydraulic driving system (9), a transmission system (10), a driving and operating system (11), a power system (12), an electrical system (13) and a protection system (14); the ear picking header (1) is arranged at the front end of the frame (6); the elevating system (2) is arranged behind the ear picking header (1) and placed obliquely upward, and the peeling machine (3) is arranged below the discharge port of the elevating system (2) and above the frame (6); the grain bin (4) is arranged at the rear of the peeling mechanism (3); the stubble returning mechanism (5) is arranged below the frame between the driving axle (7) and the steering axle (8); the driving axle (7) is arranged at the front lower position of the frame (6), and the steering axle (8) is arranged at the rear lower position of the frame (6). The ear picking header (1) is arranged at the front end of the frame (6) and adopts an ear picking roller structure. The ear picking header (1) includes 4 plant channels (1.1), a reel (1.2), a detachable front guard of the header (1.3), ear picking rollers (1.4), a rear guard of the header (1.5) and a reel chain (1.6). The reel (1.2) protrudes towards the plant channels (1.1), and guides the plants into the plant channels (1.1) through the reel chain (1.6). The elevating system (2) is obliquely arranged behind the ear picking header (1) and is equipped with a blower (2.3). The peeling machine (3) is located below the discharge port of the elevating system (2), and includes a peeling mechanism (3.1), a bottom grain bin (3.2), a grain conveying mechanism (3.3) and an outer grain bin (3.4) arranged on the outside. The outer grain bin (3.4) is connected to the bottom grain bin (3.2) through the grain conveying mechanism (3.3). The grain bin (4) is arranged at the rear of the peeling machine (3), and includes a movable frame (4.4), a fixed frame (4.3), a conveying mechanism (4.2) and an oil cylinder (4.7). The movable frame (4.4) moves in the slideway of the fixed frame (4.3) through the oil cylinder (4.7) to improve the utilization rate of the grain bin volume. The driving and operating system (11) includes a steering gear (11.3) and a windshield spraying mechanism (11.6). The windshield spraying mechanism (11.6) is integrated in the middle of the steering gear (11.3) or the operating block (11.4).

2. The self-propelled corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein: The front guard of the header (1.3) is a slender detachable structure, and the front end of the front guard of the header (1.3) is narrower than the rear end.

3. A self-propelled corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevating system (2) includes an elevating main body (2.1), a driving mechanism (2.2) and a blower (2.3). The driving mechanism (2.2) of the elevating system (2) adopts a mechanical driving, hydraulic driving or mechanical + hydraulic hybrid driving mode.

4. The self-propelled corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein: The outer grain bin (3.4) and the bottom grain bin (3.2) realize continuous grain conveying through the grain conveying mechanism (3.3).

5. The self-propelled corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein: The conveying mechanism (4.2) adopts a chain rake structure. The conveying mechanism (4.2) is composed of a chain, a rubber plate and a steel plate. The conveying mechanism (4.2) is used to interfere with the ear accumulation and distribute evenly.

6. The self-propelled corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving control system (11) further includes a passenger seat (11.5), which is arranged in parallel with the driver's seat (11.2). The height of the driver's seat (11.2) is adjustable, it can be adjusted forward and backward, and the backrest angle is adjustable. The height of the passenger seat (11.5) is not adjustable, and the seat backrest angle is adjustable.

7. The self-propelled corn harvester according to claim 1, wherein: A four-wheel drive transmission system is arranged below the frame (6). The four-wheel drive transmission system includes a front drive shaft (15), a connecting device (16), a rear drive shaft (17) and a gearbox (18). The drive axle (7) and the steering axle (8) are connected by the four-wheel drive transmission system.

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