Grafting device for fruit tree breeding

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of fruit tree grafting and mainly relates to a grafting device for fruit tree breeding. The grafting device comprises an inner frame, two outer frames fixed to the inner frame, two transmission columns rotatably connected to the inner frame, spline columns arranged on the transmission columns, a sliding shell slidably connected to the two spline columns, a first elastic member fixed between the sliding shell and the inner frame, a deflection sleeve rotatably connected to the sliding shell, two worm wheels fixed to the two sides of the deflection sleeve, a worm slidably connected to the spline column, a grafting knife slidably connected to the deflection sleeve and a pressing plate slidably connected to the sliding shell. The grafting device can adjust the cutting angle of the grafting knife according to the diameters of the rootstocks, so that the area of the formed layer on the cutting surface of the rootstock corresponds to the diameter of the rootstock, the contact area of the bud piece and the formed layer on the rootstock is ensured, the bud piece and the rootstock can be healed faster, and the survival rate of grafting is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the grafting technology field of fruit trees, and particularly relates to a grafting device for fruit tree breeding. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fruit tree breeding aims to propagate and cultivate fruit trees through various techniques and methods, ensuring that the genetic characteristics of excellent varieties are passed on and improving the yield and quality of fruits. Grafting propagation is a common method, which is achieved by grafting the bud piece or branch (scion) of one variety onto the stock of another variety. The specific operation includes cutting a small opening on the stock and inserting the bud piece, promoting the healing of the two as a whole. When grafting trees of different diameters, the thickness of the wood layer of the stock is different, so the cutting angle of the cutting surface needs to be adjusted to ensure that the bud piece is in full contact with the cutting cambium. However, the existing cutting angle determination can only rely on the grafting experience of the implementer, making it difficult to accurately cut the stock according to the diameter of the stock, resulting in an uncertain area of the cambium on the cutting surface after cutting. When the area of the cambium is too small, the contact area between the bud piece and the cambium after cutting the stock will be reduced, which will affect the survival rate of the bud piece after grafting, so there is an urgent need for a grafting device for changing the cutting angle according to the diameter of the stock. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background, the present application provides a grafting device for fruit tree breeding.

[0004] Technical scheme: A grafting device for fruit tree breeding, comprising: an inner frame, the inner frame is fixedly connected with two outer frames, the inner frame is rotatably connected with two transmission columns, a spline column is arranged on the transmission column, the transmission column and the spline column are connected through a universal joint, two spline columns are jointly and slidably connected with a sliding shell, the spline column penetrates the sliding shell, a first elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding shell and the inner frame, the sliding shell is rotatably connected with a deflection sleeve, both sides of the deflection sleeve are fixedly connected with a worm gear, the spline column is slidably connected with a worm, the worm gear and the worm are meshed, the deflection sleeve is slidably connected with a grafting knife, a pressing plate is slidably connected on the sliding shell, the grafting knife and the pressing plate are rotatably connected; a positioning assembly, the number of which is consistent with the number of the outer frames, is arranged on the adjacent outer frames, and is used for positioning the part to be grafted of the stock.

[0005] Further, the positioning assembly comprises: a first sliding block slidably connected in the outer frame, one side of the first sliding block is fixedly connected with a handle, the other side of the first sliding block is fixedly connected with a fixed plate, one side of the first sliding block close to the inner frame is fixedly connected with a rack, the transmission column is fixedly connected with a spur gear, the spur gear is meshed with the rack.

[0006] Further, a second elastic member is fixed between the sliding shell and the grafting knife, and an inclined surface is arranged on a side of the deflection sleeve away from the pressing plate, so as to scrape off impurities on the grafting knife.

[0007] Further, the installation shell is fixed to the inner frame, and the installation shell is provided with a sliding groove and a deflection groove; the limiting block is fixed to the sliding shell, and two protrusions on the limiting block are located in the sliding groove and the deflection groove, respectively.

[0008] Further, the rotation center of the universal joint between the transmission column and the spline column is in a straight line with the center of the arc-shaped groove on the deflection groove.

[0009] Further, the second sliding block is slidably connected to the installation shell, the installation shell is provided with a limiting groove, the second sliding block is located in the limiting groove on the installation shell, a third elastic member is fixed between the second sliding block and the installation shell; the fixing ring is fixed to the second sliding block, the fixing ring is rotatably connected with a rotating ring, and the fixing ring is provided with a channel.

[0010] Further, the U-shaped frame is fixed to a side of the deflection sleeve close to the fixing ring, the U-shaped frame is rotatably connected with an L-shaped block, the L-shaped block is slidably connected with the sliding shell, the L-shaped block is slidably connected with the inner frame, and the L-shaped block is fixed with a pressing shell.

[0011] Further, the fixing block is fixed to the fixing ring, the fixing block is provided with a communication groove, the communication groove on the fixing block and the channel in the fixing ring are in communication, and a pressing column is slidably connected in the communication groove of the fixing block; a fourth elastic member is fixed between the pressing column and the fixing ring.

[0012] Further, the pressing column is fixed with a pressing block away from the fourth elastic member, the L-shaped block is used for pressing the pressing block, a fifth elastic member is fixed between the fixing ring and the rotating ring, and a transmission rope is fixed between the pressing column and the rotating ring.

[0013] Further, the pressing shell is slidably connected with a lifting rod, the lifting rod is fixed with a clamping block, a sixth elastic member is arranged between the clamping block and the pressing shell, the clamping block is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves distributed at intervals, the pressing shell is slidably connected with a plurality of clamping plates distributed at intervals, a seventh elastic member is arranged between the clamping plate and the pressing shell, the clamping plate is located in the adjacent inclined groove and slidably connected, the second sliding block is fixed with a receiving block, and the receiving block is used for pressing the lifting rod.

[0014] The present application has the following advantages: the present application adjusts the cutting angle of the grafting knife according to the different diameters of the stock, so that the area of the formed layer on the cutting surface of the stock corresponds to the diameter of the stock, the contact area of the bud piece and the formed layer on the stock is ensured, the bud piece and the stock heal faster, and the grafting survival rate is improved.

[0015] The present application can fix the stock and detect the diameter of the stock through the clamping of the fixing plate, and then adjust the cutting angle of the grafting knife according to the diameter of the stock, so as to improve the grafting quality.

[0016] The present application resets the grafting knife by pulling the second elastic member, so that the impurities adhered to the grafting knife are scraped off by the lower side of the deflection sleeve during the contraction process, the oxidation effect of the impurities on the grafting knife is reduced, and the service life of the grafting knife is prolonged.

[0017] The present application inserts the bud piece into the stock at a suitable angle and depth through the rotation of the rotating ring and the rotation of the pressing shell, so that the formed layer is in closer contact, the bud piece is clamped by the pressing shell and the inner parts, the bud piece can be better grafted into the cutting surface of the stock under the premise of reducing damage to the bud piece, the grafting quality is improved, and the grafting survival rate is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner frame and the outer frame of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the inner frame of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spline column, the sliding shell and the first elastic member of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding shell of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding shell and the deflection sleeve of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the outer frame of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rack and pinion of the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the mounting shell of the present application;

[0027] Figure 10It is a perspective structural schematic view of the U-shaped frame and the extrusion block of the present application.

[0028] Figure 11 It is a perspective structural schematic view of the fixed ring and the rotating ring of the present application.

[0029] Figure 12 It is a perspective structural sectional view of the fixed ring of the present application.

[0030] Figure 13 It is a perspective structural schematic view of the L-shaped block and the pressing shell of the present application.

[0031] Figure 14 It is a perspective structural sectional view of the pressing shell of the present application.

[0032] Meaning of reference numerals in the drawing: 1 - inner frame, 2 - outer frame, 3 - transmission column, 4 - spline column, 5 - sliding shell, 6 - first elastic member, 7 - deflection sleeve, 8 - worm wheel, 9 - worm, 10 - grafting knife, 11 - pressing plate, 21 - first sliding block, 22 - handle, 23 - fixed plate, 24 - rack, 25 - spur gear, 31 - second elastic member, 41 - mounting shell, 42 - sliding groove, 43 - offset groove, 44 - limiting block, 51 - second sliding block, 52 - third elastic member, 53 - fixed ring, 54 - rotating ring, 61 - U-shaped frame, 62 - L-shaped block, 63 - pressing shell, 71 - fixed block, 72 - extrusion column, 73 - fourth elastic member, 81 - extrusion block, 82 - transmission rope, 83 - fifth elastic member, 91 - lifting rod, 92 - clamping block, 93 - sixth elastic member, 94 - inclined groove, 95 - clamping plate, 96 - bearing block, 97 - seventh elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] Embodiment 1: A grafting device for fruit tree breeding, like Figures 1-8As shown, it comprises: an inner frame 1, two outer frames 2 are fixedly connected to the inner frame 1, two transmission columns 3 are rotatably connected to the inner frame 1, a spline column 4 is arranged on the transmission column 3, the transmission column 3 and the spline column 4 are connected through a universal joint, two spline columns 4 are slidably connected to a sliding shell 5, the spline column 4 penetrates the sliding shell 5, a first elastic member 6 is fixedly connected between the sliding shell 5 and the inner frame 1, a deflection sleeve 7 is rotatably connected to the sliding shell 5, two worm wheels 8 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the deflection sleeve 7, a worm 9 is slidably connected to the spline column 4, the worm wheel 8 and the worm 9 are meshed, a grafting knife 10 is slidably connected to the deflection sleeve 7, a pressing plate 11 is slidably connected to the sliding shell 5, and the grafting knife 10 and the pressing plate 11 are rotatably connected; a positioning assembly, the number of which is consistent with the number of the outer frame 2, is arranged on the adjacent outer frame 2, and is used for positioning the part to be grafted of the stock.

[0035] The above scheme proposes a way to adjust the angle of the grafting knife 10, which is used to change the cutting angle of the grafting knife 10. Since the thickness of the cambium and the wood layer of the stock is affected by the diameter of the stock, the larger the diameter of the stock, the thicker the wood layer, and thus by changing the cutting angle of the grafting knife 10, the area of the wood layer of the stock cutting surface is reduced, the area of the cambium is increased, and thus the contact area of the bud and the cambium is increased, and the survival rate of grafting is increased; the first elastic member 6 is a tension spring, which is in an initial state of storing energy, and is used to reset the sliding shell 5; the worm 9 locks the worm wheel 8, which is used to keep the deflection sleeve 7 fixed after adjusting the angle; the pressing plate 11 has a friction strip, which can increase friction when the user presses, preventing the pressing plate from sliding and causing operation errors when the user uses it.

[0036] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the positioning assembly comprises: a first sliding block 21 slidably connected in the outer frame 2, a handle 22 fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding block 21, a fixed plate 23 fixedly connected to the other side of the first sliding block 21, a rack 24 fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding block 21 close to the inner frame 1, a spur gear 25 fixedly connected to the transmission column 3, the spur gear 25 and the rack 24 are meshed, a second elastic member 31 fixedly connected between the sliding shell 5 and the grafting knife 10, the side of the deflection sleeve 7 away from the pressing plate 11 is arranged as an inclined surface, which is used to scrape off impurities on the grafting knife 10.

[0037] The above scheme proposes a way to measure the diameter of the stock and fix the device, which is used to adjust the angle of the grafting knife 10 according to the diameter of the stock; the inner side of the fixed plate 23 is made of rubber and is arc-shaped, which is used to increase the friction between the fixed plate 23 and the stock, so that the device can be better fixed on the stock and the squeezing effect on the stock is reduced; the second elastic member 31 is a tension spring, which is used to reset the grafting knife 10; the inclined surface part of the lower side of the deflection sleeve 7 is made of hard plastic, which reduces the amount of impurities adhering to the deflection sleeve 7.

[0038] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 As shown, it also includes: a mounting shell 41, fixed to the inner frame 1, with a sliding groove 42 and an offset groove 43 on the mounting shell 41; a limiting block 44, fixed to the sliding shell 5, with two protrusions on the limiting block 44, which slide in the sliding groove 42 and the offset groove 43 respectively, and the rotation center of the universal joint between the transmission column 3 and the spline column 4 is on a straight line with the center of the arc groove on the offset groove 43.

[0039] The above proposes a method to squeeze the rootstock bark after the grafting knife 10 has made a cut, in order to increase the cutting surface and make it easier for the user to insert the bud into the cutting surface of the rootstock; the sliding groove 42 is a straight groove, and the offset groove 43 is composed of a straight groove and an arc groove, with the center of the arc groove on the offset groove 43 being the lower end of the sliding groove 42.

[0040] Working Principle: When using this device to graft trees, the user first uses a knife to pre-treat the bud by cutting it to expose the cambium layer. Then, the device is placed on the rootstock at the grafting position. The user then pushes handle 22 inward, causing the two handles 22 to move towards each other. During this movement (taking the front handle 22 as an example), handle 22 drives the fixing plate 23 to move backward via the first sliding block 21. The first sliding block 21 drives the rack 24 to move backward. The rack 24 drives the transmission column 3 to rotate via the spur gear 25. The transmission column 3 drives the spline column 4 to rotate via the universal joint. The spline column 4 drives the worm wheel 8 to rotate via the worm 9. The worm wheel 8 drives the deflection sleeve 7 to rotate. The deflection sleeve 7 drives the second elastic element 31 and the grafting knife 10 to rotate. When the rootstock diameter becomes thinner, the deflection sleeve 7 rotates counterclockwise (the direction described below is...). Figure 2 Taking this as an example, the deflector sleeve 7 drives the grafting knife 10 to rotate counterclockwise, gradually bringing the grafting knife 10 into a vertical state (when the rootstock diameter is larger, the swing angle of the grafting knife 10 is smaller, and the angle between the grafting knife 10 and the horizontal plane is smaller; when the rootstock diameter is smaller, the swing angle of the grafting knife 10 is larger, and the angle between the grafting knife 10 and the horizontal plane is larger). Thus, by adjusting the cutting angle of the deflector sleeve 7 according to the diameter of the rootstock, the grafting knife 10 cuts according to the angle defined by the deflector sleeve 7, thereby adapting the cutting angle of the rootstock to the diameter of the rootstock, reducing the influence of the wood layer thickness on the cutting, increasing the area of ​​the cambium layer on the rootstock cutting surface, increasing the contact area of ​​the cambium layer between the cutting surface of the bud and the cutting surface of the rootstock, and thus improving the grafting survival rate.

[0041] In the process of the fixed plate 23 moving backward, the fixed plate 23 contacts and extrudes the stock, so that the device is fixed at the position to be grafted of the stock. Then the user pushes the pressing plate 11 downward, the pressing plate 11 slides downward, the pressing plate 11 drives the grafting knife 10 to slide downward (at this time the pressing plate 11 does not contact the deflection sleeve 7), the second elastic member 31 is gradually stretched, the grafting knife 10 and the deflection sleeve 7 produce relative displacement, with the pressing plate 11 sliding downward, when the pressing plate 11 contacts the deflection sleeve 7, the grafting knife 10 and the deflection sleeve 7 stop relative displacement, the second elastic member 31 stops stretching and keeps stretching state, the grafting knife 10 keeps the longest extension length unchanged, the pressing plate 11 drives the sliding shell 5 to move downward through the deflection sleeve 7, the pressing plate 11 starts to drive the sliding shell 5 and the parts in it to move downward, the sliding shell 5 and the inner frame 1 produce relative sliding, the first elastic member 6 is gradually stretched and stored, the two protrusions on the limiting block 44 slide downward along the adjacent sliding grooves 42 and offset grooves 43 respectively, until the grafting knife 10 contacts the stock, the grafting knife 10 cuts the stock at the adjusted angle, after cutting to the set depth, the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the sliding groove 42 reaches the lower end of the sliding groove 42, the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the offset groove 43 reaches the connection of the straight groove and the arc groove in the offset groove 43.

[0042] After cutting to the set depth, the operator continues to push the pressing plate 11 downward, the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the sliding groove 42 is limited by the sliding groove 42, the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the offset groove 43 continues to slide along the arc groove in the offset groove 43, the limiting block 44 rotates with the lower end of the sliding groove 42 as the center under the action of the two protrusions, the limiting block 44 drives the sliding shell 5 to rotate, at this time the grafting knife 10 is at the adjusted angle and keeps unchanged, and the lower side of the grafting knife 10 is above the lower end of the sliding groove 42, in the process of the sliding shell 5 rotating, the sliding shell 5 drives the grafting knife 10 to rotate, the grafting knife 10 deflects to the right and the angle of the lower side of the grafting knife 10 deflecting is less than the angle of the outer side of the grafting knife 10 deflecting, so that the grafting knife 10 extrudes the stock, the gap between the cutting surfaces of the stock increases, thereby helping the user to conveniently insert the bud piece, reducing the grafting time, improving the grafting speed, then the user inserts the bud piece along the cutting surface, releases the pressing plate 11, the second elastic member 31 drives the grafting knife 10 to reset and makes the grafting knife 10 retract into the deflection sleeve 7, the first elastic member 6 drives the sliding shell 5 to move upward, the sliding shell 5 drives the pressing plate 11 and the parts in it to move upward and gradually reset, in the process of the grafting knife 10 retracting into the deflection sleeve 7, the grafting knife 10 extrudes the lower inclined surface of the deflection sleeve 7, so that the deflection sleeve 7 has the scraping effect on the grafting knife 10, thereby reducing the impurities such as tree sap adhered to the grafting knife 10, reducing the pollution of the impurities such as tree sap adhered to the grafting knife 10 to the cutting surface of the stock in the next use of the grafting knife 10, reducing the oxidation of the grafting knife 10 by the tree sap, prolonging the service life of the grafting knife 10.

[0043] In the process of upward movement of the sliding shell 5, the protrusion on the limiting block 44 located in the sliding groove 42 is stationary at the lower end of the sliding groove 42, and the protrusion on the limiting block 44 located in the offset groove 43 slides along the upper arc-shaped groove of the offset groove 43, so that the limiting block 44 is rotated and reset under the action of the protrusions on both sides, the limiting block 44 drives the sliding shell 5 to rotate, and the sliding shell 5 drives the parts in it to rotate. When the protrusion on the limiting block 44 located in the offset groove 43 reaches the connection between the upper straight groove and the arc-shaped groove of the offset groove 43, the protrusion on the limiting block 44 located in the offset groove 43 moves upward together with the protrusion on the limiting block 44 located in the sliding groove 42. When the protrusion on the limiting block 44 located in the offset groove 43 reaches the upper end of the straight groove in the offset groove 43 (the protrusion on the limiting block 44 located in the sliding groove 42 is located at the upper end of the sliding groove 42), the limiting block 44 is reset. At this time, the first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 31 return to the initial position. When the sliding shell 5 is reset, the user cancels the extrusion force on the handle 22 and pulls the two handles 22 to move to the front and rear sides, respectively, thereby moving the two racks 24 in the opposite direction. The rack 24 drives the worm 9 to rotate through the spur gear 25, the worm 9 drives the deflection sleeve 7 to rotate through the worm wheel 8 and completes the rotational reset of the deflection sleeve 7, completes the reset action, and completes the entire reset operation. After the reset operation is completed, the user moves the device away from the stock and performs subsequent film wrapping operation on the grafting part. Repeat the above use process to perform batch grafting operation of the stock and the bud piece.

[0044] In the process of performing a large number of grafting tasks, the bud pieces are mainly processed by artificial unification, and the thickness, length and shortness of the bud pieces are standard values to maximize the survival rate of grafting.

[0045] Example 2: Based on example 1, as shown in Figure 2 and Figures 9-12 Further comprising: a second sliding block 51 slidably connected to the mounting shell 41, the mounting shell 41 is provided with a limiting groove, the second sliding block 51 is located in the limiting groove on the mounting shell 41, and a third elastic member 52 is fixedly connected between the second sliding block 51 and the mounting shell 41; a fixed ring 53 fixedly connected to the second sliding block 51, the fixed ring 53 is rotatably connected with a rotating ring 54, and a channel is arranged in the fixed ring 53; the channel in the fixed ring 53 is composed of a straight pipe and an arc-shaped pipe.

[0046] The above proposes a way of fixing and rotating the bud piece, for adjusting the angle of the bud piece, reducing the damage of the bud piece when cutting, and increasing the contact area of the bud piece with the cambium on the cutting surface of the stock; the third elastic member 52 is a spring, used to drive the second sliding block 51 to reset; the fixing ring 53 and the rotating ring 54 both have notches, for the user to place the bud piece in the rotating ring 54 from the notches, the rotating ring 54 is an elastic ring, which can exert a pressing force on the bud piece and pre-fix it to prevent the bud piece from falling off, and the rotating ring 54 is in a horizontal state at the beginning, used to cut the bud piece with the grafting knife 10, so that the cutting surface of the bud piece has the same angle with the cutting surface of the stock, thereby reducing the pressing force during cutting and increasing the survival rate of grafting.

[0047] As shown in Figures 2-4 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , it further comprises a U-shaped frame 61 fixed to one side of the deflection sleeve 7 close to the fixing ring 53, the U-shaped frame 61 is rotationally connected with an L-shaped block 62, the L-shaped block 62 is slidingly connected with the sliding shell 5, the L-shaped block 62 is slidingly connected with the inner frame 1, and the L-shaped block 62 is fixedly connected with a pressing shell 63.

[0048] The above scheme proposes a way of adjusting the distance between the pressing shell 63 and the rotating ring 54, for adjusting the pressing depth of the bud piece, matching the bud piece with the cutting surface of the stock, and reducing the pressing damage to the bud piece; the L-shaped block 62 has two rotation axes, one rotation axis is the rotation axis on the U-shaped frame 61, and the other rotation axis is the rotation axis sliding along the inner frame 1, the two rotation axes limit the moving and rotating directions of the L-shaped block 62, one side of the L-shaped block 62 close to the U-shaped frame 61 is provided with a straight surface and an inclined surface, the inclined surface on the U-shaped frame 61 is used to push and limit the extrusion block 81, and the straight surface on the U-shaped frame 61 is used to keep limiting the extrusion block 81 during the downward movement of the L-shaped block 62.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 and Figures 9-12 , it further comprises a fixed block 71 fixed to the fixing ring 53, the fixed block 71 is provided with a communication groove, the communication groove on the fixed block 71 and the channel in the fixing ring 53 are in communication, the extrusion column 72 is slidingly connected in the communication groove of the fixed block 71, the fourth elastic member 73 is fixedly connected between the extrusion column 72 and the fixing ring 53, the extrusion block 81 is fixedly connected to one side of the extrusion column 72 away from the fourth elastic member 73, the L-shaped block 62 is used to push the extrusion block 81, the fifth elastic member 83 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 54, the transmission rope 82 is fixedly connected between the extrusion column 72 and the fifth elastic member 83, and the elastic coefficient of the fourth elastic member 73 is greater than that of the fifth elastic member 83.

[0050] The above scheme proposes a way of angle adjustment of the rotating ring 54, which is used to change the angle of the rotating ring 54 according to the change of the stock diameter, so as to reduce the extrusion force of the bud piece when it is inserted into the cutting surface of the stock; the fourth elastic member 73 is a spring, which is used to drive the extrusion block 81 to reset; the extrusion block 81 is provided with an inclined surface, which facilitates the extrusion of the L-shaped block 62 to the extrusion block 81; the fifth elastic member 83 is a torsion spring, which is used to drive the rotating ring 54 to rotate, and the initial state of the fifth elastic member 83 is a force storage state, and the transmission rope 82 is in a tight state at the initial state.

[0051] As shown in Figures 9-14 The pressing shell 63 is slidably connected with a lifting rod 91, the lifting rod 91 is fixedly connected with a clamping block 92, and the sixth elastic member 93 is arranged between the clamping block 92 and the pressing shell 63, the clamping block 92 is provided with a plurality of inclined grooves 94 which are distributed at intervals, the pressing shell 63 is slidably connected with a plurality of clamping plates 95 which are distributed at intervals, the seventh elastic member 97 is arranged between the clamping plate 95 and the pressing shell 63, the clamping plate 95 slides in the adjacent inclined groove 94, and the second sliding block 51 is fixedly connected with a receiving block 96, which is used to extrude the lifting rod 91.

[0052] The above scheme proposes a way of clamping the bud piece, which is used to clamp the bud piece and make it enter the cutting surface of the stock; the front and rear sides of the pressing shell 63 are both provided with sliding holes, the sliding holes on the pressing shell 63 are used to limit the lifting rod 91, so that the lifting rod 91 can only move up and down along the sliding holes on the pressing shell 63; the front and rear sides of the lifting rod 91 are both provided with rolling wheels, which are used to reduce the abrasion between the lifting rod 91 and the receiving block 96; the sixth elastic member 93 is a spring, which is used to reset the clamping block 92; the opposite sides of the two clamping plates 95 are both provided with rubber pads, which are used to reduce the extrusion damage to the bud piece; the seventh elastic member 97 is a spring, which is used to reset the clamping plate 95.

[0053] Working principle: after the device is fixed on the stock, the user places the bud piece into the rotating ring 54, the rotating ring 54 pre-fixes the bud piece, at this time the rotating ring 54 is in a horizontal state (the elastic coefficient of the fourth elastic member 73 is greater than that of the fifth elastic member 83, so that the rotating ring 54 can maintain a horizontal state at the initial state), in the process of counterclockwise rotation of the deflection sleeve 7, the deflection sleeve 7 drives the lower side of the U-shaped frame 61 to move, so that the U-shaped frame 61 swings counterclockwise along the connection between the U-shaped frame 61 and the sliding shell 5 (the following directions are all clockwise directions, and the counterclockwise direction is opposite to the clockwise direction). Figure 10When the angle adjustment of the bud piece is completed, the pressing shell 63 stops rotating and remains in this state. Then the user pushes the pressing plate 11, and the grafting knife 10 gradually extends. When the grafting knife 10 is fully extended, the pressing plate 11 contacts the deflection sleeve 7 and drives the sliding shell 5 and the grafting knife 10 to move downward. The sliding shell 5 drives the deflection sleeve 7 to move downward, and the deflection sleeve 7 drives the L-shaped block 62 to move downward through the U-shaped frame 61. The L-shaped block 62 remains in the state after the angle adjustment and moves downward. The L-shaped block 62 gradually contacts and pushes the extrusion block 81. After being pressed, the extrusion block 81 moves to the left. The extrusion block 81 pushes the extrusion column 72 to move to the left. At this time, the fourth elastic member 73 is gradually compressed. The extrusion column 72 loses the pulling force on the transmission rope 82 when it moves to the left, and the rotating ring 54 rotates clockwise under the action of the fifth elastic member 83. The rotating ring 54 rotates clockwise and starts to wind the transmission rope 82. When the transmission rope 82 is in a tight state again, it stops. The fifth elastic member 83 drives the rotating ring 54 to rotate clockwise. As the L-shaped block 62 moves relative to the extrusion block 81, the lower inclined surface of the U-shaped frame 61 loses contact with the inclined surface of the extrusion block 81, and the extrusion block 81 stops moving. The angle adjustment of the bud piece is completed, the frictional influence of the cutting surface of the stock on the bud piece when the subsequent bud piece is inserted is reduced, the grafting quality is improved, and the grafting survival rate is increased.

[0054] During the swinging of the L-shaped block 62 described above, the overlapping area of the lower inclined surface of the L-shaped block 62 and the upper inclined surface of the extrusion block 81 in the vertical direction gradually decreases, and the distance by which the L-shaped block 62 drives the extrusion block 81 to move to the left gradually decreases, so that the rotation angle of the rotating ring 54 is reduced.

[0055] After the angle adjustment of the bud piece is completed, the extrusion block 81 slides from the lower side inclined surface of the L-shaped block 62 to the lower side straight surface of the L-shaped block 62, the L-shaped block 62 continues to push the extrusion block 81, at this time the L-shaped block 62 extrudes the extrusion block 81 (the lower side straight surface of the L-shaped block 62 keeps limiting the extrusion block 81 in the left-right direction), so that the extrusion block 81 drives the fixed ring 53 to move downward through the extrusion column 72, the fixed ring 53 drives the second sliding block 51 and the rotating ring 54 to move downward, the second sliding block 51 slides downward along the mounting shell 41, and the third elastic piece 52 is gradually compressed. When the second sliding block 51 reaches the bottom of the limiting groove in the mounting shell 41, the limiting groove in the mounting shell 41 limits the second sliding block 51, at this time the third elastic piece 52 is in a compressed state, the grafting knife 10 cuts the stock to the maximum depth and forms a cut, the bud piece is inserted into the cut of the stock, and the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the offset groove 43 reaches the connection between the straight groove and the arc-shaped groove of the offset groove 43, and the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the sliding groove 42 is located at the lower end of the sliding groove 42.

[0056] After the second sliding block 51 is limited in the limiting groove in the installation shell 41, continue to push the pressing plate 11, the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the offset groove 43 enters the arc-shaped groove and slides along the arc-shaped groove, in this process, the sliding shell 5 drives the parts on it to rotate clockwise, the deflection sleeve 7 drives the grafting knife 10 to rotate clockwise (at this time, the grafting knife 10 keeps the angle fixed after adjustment due to the self-locking structure of the worm wheel 8 and the worm 9), the grafting knife 10 extrudes the stock, so that the cutting opening of the stock is enlarged, facilitating the cutting of the bud piece, in the process of rotating the deflection sleeve 7, the deflection sleeve 7 pulls the lower side of the L-shaped block 62 to move to the right through the U-shaped frame 61 (when the sliding shell 5 rotates, the shaft on the upper side of the L-shaped block 62 is separated from the sliding shell 5, that is, the sliding shell 5 loses the block of the L-shaped block 62 in the upward direction), the shaft on the L-shaped block 62 in the inner frame 1 slides downward, at this time, the lower straight surface of the L-shaped block 62 gradually moves away from the extrusion block 81 (since the bud piece has entered the cutting opening of the stock, the bud piece does not rotate with the rotating ring 54), the L-shaped block 62 drives the pressing shell 63 to gradually move downward, the pressing shell 63 drives the lifting rod 91 to move downward, the lifting rod 91 gradually contacts the receiving block 96 (since the distance between the pressing shell 63 and the rotating ring 54 gradually changes, the contact time of the pressing shell 63 and the rotating ring 54 changes), the receiving block 96 extrudes the lifting rod 91, so that the lifting rod 91 and the pressing shell 63 slide relatively, the lifting rod 91 and the pressing shell 63 move relatively, the lifting rod 91 drives the clamping block 92 to move upward, at this time, the sixth elastic element 93 is in the extrusion state, the clamping block 92 drives the inclined groove 94 to move upward, the clamping plates 95 on both sides move inward under the action of the adjacent inclined grooves 94 on the clamping block 92, at this time, the seventh elastic element 97 is in the extrusion state, the clamping plates 95 move inward and clamp the bud piece, the bud piece clamped by the clamping plates 95 moves downward under the action of the counterclockwise rotation of the L-shaped block 62, so that the bud piece is inserted into the cutting surface of the stock at the adjusted angle, at this time, the stock extrudes the bud piece, when the protrusion on the limiting block 44 sliding in the offset groove 43 reaches the lower end of the arc-shaped groove, the sliding shell 5 stops rotating, and the cutting action is completed.

[0057] After the cutting operation is completed, the user releases the pressing plate 11, the sliding shell 5 moves upward under the action of the first elastic member 6, the sliding shell 5 drives the L-shaped block 62 to move upward through the U-shaped frame 61, the L-shaped block 62 drives the pressing shell 63 to move upward, at this time the receiving block 96 loses the extrusion on the lifting rod 91, the sixth elastic member 93 drives the clamping block 92 to reset, the clamping block 92 drives the lifting rod 91 and the inclined chute 94 to reset, the inclined chute 94 resets to lose the extrusion force on the clamping plate 95, the clamping plate 95 cancels the clamping on the bud piece, the extrusion force of the cutting part of the stock on the bud piece overcomes the extrusion force of the rotating ring 54 on the bud piece, and the bud piece is fixed in the cutting part of the stock, the seventh elastic member 97 drives the clamping plate 95 to reset, the fourth elastic member 73 drives the extrusion block 81 to reset through the extrusion column 72, the extrusion block 81 moves outward and pulls the transmission rope 82, the rotating ring 54 counterclockwise rotates under the action of the fifth elastic member 83, the rotating ring 54 counterclockwise rotates and releases the transmission rope 82, the transmission rope 82 gradually resets and stops when it is in a tight state again, at this time the rotating ring 54 rotates back to the initial state, the third elastic member 52 drives the second sliding block 51 to move upward, the second sliding block 51 drives the parts above it to move upward, thereby completing the reset operation of the second sliding block 51, then the user pulls the handle 22 outward, repeats the above reset process, and makes the device separate from the stock, the user moves the device away from the stock, and performs subsequent film wrapping operation on the grafting part, and repeats the above use process to perform batch grafting operation on the stock.

[0058] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A grafting device for fruit tree propagation, characterized in that it includes: The inner frame (1) is fixedly connected to two outer frames (2). The inner frame (1) is rotatably connected to two transmission columns (3). Spline columns (4) are provided on the transmission columns (3). The transmission columns (3) and the spline columns (4) are connected by a universal joint. The two spline columns (4) are slidably connected to a sliding shell (5). The spline columns (4) penetrate the sliding shell (5). A first elastic element (6) is fixedly connected between the sliding shell (5) and the inner frame (1). A deflection sleeve is rotatably connected to the sliding shell (5). (7) Both sides of the deflection sleeve (7) are fixedly connected with worm gears (8), the spline column (4) is slidably connected with a worm (9), the worm gears (8) and the worm (9) mesh, the deflection sleeve (7) is slidably connected with a grafting knife (10), the sliding shell (5) is slidably connected with a pressing plate (11), the grafting knife (10) and the pressing plate (11) are rotatably connected; the positioning components, the number of which is the same as the number of the outer frame (2), are all set on the adjacent outer frame (2) for positioning the rootstock to be grafted; The positioning component includes: The first sliding block (21) is slidably connected to the outer frame (2). A handle (22) is fixedly connected to one side of the first sliding block (21), and a fixing plate (23) is fixedly connected to the other side of the first sliding block (21). A rack (24) is fixedly connected to the side of the first sliding block (21) near the inner frame (1). A spur gear (25) is fixedly connected to the transmission column (3). The spur gear (25) meshes with the rack (24). A second elastic element (31) is fixed between the sliding shell (5) and the grafting knife (10). The side of the deflection sleeve (7) away from the pressing plate (11) is set as an inclined surface for scraping off impurities on the grafting knife (10). It also includes: Mounting shell (41) is fixed to the inner frame (1), and the mounting shell (41) is provided with sliding groove (42) and offset groove (43). The limiting block (44) is fixed to the sliding shell (5). The limiting block (44) has two protrusions, which slide in the sliding groove (42) and the offset groove (43) respectively. The rotation center of the universal joint between the transmission column (3) and the spline column (4) is on a straight line with the center of the arc groove on the offset groove (43).

2. A grafting device for fruit tree propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: The second sliding block (51) is slidably connected to the mounting shell (41). The mounting shell (41) is provided with a limiting groove. The second sliding block (51) slides within the limiting groove on the mounting shell (41). A third elastic element (52) is fixedly connected between the second sliding block (51) and the mounting shell (41). A fixed ring (53) is fixedly connected to the second sliding block (51), and a rotating ring (54) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (53). A channel is provided inside the fixed ring (53).

3. A grafting device for fruit tree propagation according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes: A U-shaped frame (61) is fixed to the deflection sleeve (7) on the side near the fixing ring (53). The U-shaped frame (61) is rotatably connected to an L-shaped block (62). The L-shaped block (62) is slidably connected to the sliding shell (5). The L-shaped block (62) is slidably connected to the inner frame (1). The L-shaped block (62) is fixedly connected to a pressing shell (63).

4. A grafting device for fruit tree propagation according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes: A fixing block (71) is fixedly connected to the fixing ring (53). A connecting groove is provided on the fixing block (71). The connecting groove on the fixing block (71) is connected to the channel in the fixing ring (53). A pressing column (72) is slidably connected in the connecting groove of the fixing block (71). A fourth elastic element (73) is fixedly connected between the pressing column (72) and the fixing ring (53).

5. A grafting device for fruit tree propagation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extrusion column (72) is fixedly connected to an extrusion block (81) on the side away from the fourth elastic member (73). The L-shaped block (62) is used to extrude the extrusion block (81). A fifth elastic member (83) is fixedly connected between the fixed ring (53) and the rotating ring (54). A transmission rope (82) is fixedly connected between the extrusion column (72) and the rotating ring (54).

6. A grafting device for fruit tree propagation according to claim 5, characterized in that, A lifting rod (91) is slidably connected to the pressing shell (63). A clamping block (92) is fixedly connected to the lifting rod (91). A sixth elastic element (93) is provided between the clamping block (92) and the pressing shell (63). The clamping block (92) is provided with spaced inclined grooves (94). A clamping plate (95) is slidably connected to the pressing shell (63). A seventh elastic element (97) is provided between the clamping plate (95) and the pressing shell (63). The clamping plate (95) slides within the adjacent inclined grooves (94). A receiving block (96) is fixedly connected to the second sliding block (51). The receiving block (96) is used to squeeze the lifting rod (91).

Images