Gun type reduction forceps capable of rapidly clamping and locking pressure bar

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments for the orthopedics department, in particular to gun type reduction forceps capable of rapidly clamping and locking a pressing rod. A shell of the reduction forceps is through in the axial direction of the reduction forceps. One end of the inner shaft penetrates into the inner cavity of the shell; the elastic arm is arranged on the shell and comprises a first spring, an elastic piece, a gradually-expanding block and a pin shaft, a containing hole is formed in the shell, the middle of the elastic piece is hinged into the containing hole through the pin shaft, one end of the elastic piece is connected with one end of the first spring, the other end of the first spring is connected with the narrow end of the gradually-expanding block, and the gradually-expanding block is contained in a gradually-expanding hole formed in the shell. The other end of the elastic sheet is pressed downwards towards the accommodating hole under the elastic force of the first spring; the handle comprises a fixed handle body and a movable handle body, the fixed handle body is fixed to the shell, the movable handle body is hinged to the fixed handle body, one end of the movable handle body penetrates into the shell and then makes contact with the inner shaft, and the movable handle body pushes the inner shaft to move towards an inner cavity of the shell when holding the fixed handle body. The operation procedure can be simplified, and the operation effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices, and particularly to a quick-clamping and locking rod-pressing gun-type reduction forceps. Background Art

[0002] In spinal medical surgeries, gun-type reduction forceps are mainly used for reducing and fixing bones, connecting rods, etc. in orthopedic surgeries. For example, in spinal surgeries, the gun-type reduction forceps can be used to press the connecting rod into a suitable position so that it can be accurately connected with fixing elements such as pedicle screws to support or keep each bone joint in the correct position.

[0003] Traditional reduction forceps lack a positioning structure that matches the nail cap in spinal surgeries, and it is necessary to specifically find a specific position to hold the nail, and multiple people need to cooperate in the operation. This results in limited vision and difficult positioning during rod pressing, affecting the locking effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quick-clamping and locking rod-pressing gun-type reduction forceps, which overcomes the deficiencies of the aforementioned prior art, improves the operation efficiency and accuracy of surgeries. With the strong gripping force of the elastic arms, some operations that originally required multiple people to cooperate can be completed by one person, which helps to simplify the surgical process and improve the surgical effect.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A quick-clamping and locking rod-pressing gun-type reduction forceps includes a housing, an inner shaft, elastic arms, and a handle, wherein:

[0007] The housing is axially through, and a nail-rod avoidance hole is axially provided at one end of the housing;

[0008] One end of the inner shaft penetrates into the inner cavity of the housing, and the inner shaft is axially through;

[0009] The elastic arms are arranged on the housing. The elastic arms include a first spring, a leaf spring, a tapered block, and a pin shaft. A receiving hole is provided on the housing. The middle of the leaf spring is hinged in the receiving hole through the pin shaft. One end of the leaf spring is connected to one end of the first spring, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the narrow end of the tapered block. The tapered block is received in a tapered hole opened on the housing. The other end of the leaf spring presses downward toward the receiving hole under the elastic force of the first spring;

[0010] The handle is arranged at the end of the housing away from the elastic arms. The handle includes a fixed handle and a movable handle. The fixed handle is fixed to the housing. The movable handle is hinged to the fixed handle, and one end of the movable handle penetrates into the interior of the housing and contacts the inner shaft. When the movable handle is held and moved closer to the fixed handle, it pushes the inner shaft to move into the inner cavity of the housing;

[0011] In use, S1: Confirm that the pedicle screw has been implanted into the patient's spine, initially place the rod on the slot of the screw seat, select a quick-clamping locking rod-pressing gun-type reduction forceps that matches the size of the screw seat, the rod passes through the rod avoidance hole, the screw seat contacts the elastic arm and enters the inside of the elastic arm, and is clamped by the elastic arm;

[0012] S2: Place the jaws of the quick-clamping locking rod-pressing gun-type reduction forceps parallel to the rod, place the rod into the rod avoidance hole, and complete holding the screw;

[0013] S3: Press the connecting rod, slowly hold the handle tightly, the moving handle drives the inner shaft to move axially deeper into the housing, the inner shaft supports the expanding block, so that the elastic piece further clamps the screw seat, and at the same time, as the inner shaft moves, the connecting rod is completely pressed into the bottom of the slot of the screw seat, observe the pressing force to avoid loosening of the screw or damage to the bone structure caused by excessive pressure;

[0014] S4: Complete the operation of screwing in the top screw through the inner hole of the inner shaft, and connect the rod and the screw seat together to complete the locking and fixing;

[0015] S5: Press the elastic piece of the elastic arm, the first spring compresses, retract the inner shaft, and the gun-type reduction forceps can be separated from the pedicle screw.

[0016] Furthermore, one or more elastic arms are provided, preferably 2-3 are symmetrically arranged. One end of the elastic piece pressed into the receiving hole is provided with a first protrusion that matches the side wall groove of the screw seat. The first protrusion is provided with an inclined surface that facilitates the sliding of the screw seat. Under the action of the inclined surface, the screw seat smoothly enters between the elastic pieces. Under the action of the first spring, the elastic piece applies a clamping force to the screw seat. Especially when the first protrusion enters the side groove of the screw seat, the screw seat is stably clamped.

[0017] Furthermore, a guiding hole is formed in the elastic piece, and a second protrusion is arranged on the inner shaft. The second protrusion extends into the guiding hole to provide a guiding function for the movement of the inner shaft. A mating convex edge and a sliding groove are respectively arranged between one end of the guiding hole close to the rod avoidance hole and the second protrusion. The convex edge and the sliding groove are connected and engaged to prevent the pedicle screw from locking and disengaging.

[0018] Furthermore, ear plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the receiving hole. The pin shaft is connected through the symmetrically arranged ear plates, and the pin shaft passes through the middle of the elastic piece.

[0019] Furthermore, an arc-shaped groove is arranged at one end of the inner shaft close to the avoidance hole of the housing, which is convenient for accommodating and smoothly pushing the rod.

[0020] Furthermore, an inner cavity expansion section is arranged at one end of the housing away from the rod avoidance hole, and an outer diameter expansion section is arranged at one end of the inner shaft close to the inner cavity expansion section. At least part of the outer diameter expansion section is located in the inner cavity expansion section.

[0021] Further, a first long opening hole facilitating the movement of the operating handle is provided on the housing. A push shaft is provided on the operating handle, and a second long opening hole facilitating the insertion and movement of pushing is provided on the inner shaft. When the handle is held tightly, the operating handle moves within the first long opening hole and pushes the inner shaft to move through the second long opening hole.

[0022] Further, a release mechanism is further included. The release mechanism includes an elastic ring, a limit pin, and a release button, where:

[0023] The elastic ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the housing, and the lower end of the elastic ring is in a tapered opening shape;

[0024] A limit pin is connected to the wall of the elastic ring, and the limit pin penetrates into the inner cavity of the housing. A plurality of continuous one-way tooth card slots are provided at one end of the inner shaft far away from the nail rod avoidance hole. When the inner shaft moves towards the inner cavity of the housing, the limit pin can be stuck into one of the one-way tooth card slots;

[0025] The release button is slidably arranged on the fixed handle. One end of the release button is provided with a tapered block in interference fit with the tapered opening. When the tapered block is pushed into the tapered opening, the elastic ring expands and the limit pin disengages from the one-way tooth card slot;

[0026] After the top screw locks and fixes the nail rod in the groove of the screw nail seat, pressing the release button can reset the inner shaft.

[0027] Further, a first horizontal shaft is provided on the fixed handle, a second horizontal shaft is provided on the operating handle, and a second spring is arranged between the first horizontal shaft and the second horizontal shaft. When the release button is pressed, the limit pin disengages from the one-way tooth card slot, and the second spring resets to drive the operating handle to reset.

[0028] Further, a sliding guiding structure that cooperates with each other is arranged between the fixed handle and the release button to ensure the smooth movement of the release button.

[0029] Further, a plurality of weight reduction holes are provided on the housing.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, a quick clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reset forceps of the present invention has the following advantages: The nail seat of the pedicle screw can quickly slide in without falling out, improving the surgical efficiency; it can achieve single-handed operation, with a better hand feeling and a larger surgical field of view; the first convex belt with an inclined surface of the elastic arm is beneficial to the sliding in of the screw nail seat. When pressing the elastic piece of the elastic arm, the first spring contracts, and the pedicle screw can quickly fall out; when the handle is held, the convex edge and the sliding groove between the inner shaft and the elastic arm are engaged to lock the pedicle screw without falling out; when the handle is held, the limit pin can be stuck into one of the one-way tooth card slots, so that the inner shaft can only move forward and cannot move backward; when the handle is held, the distal end of the reset forceps presses the rod; when the release button is pressed, the handle automatically returns to the initial state. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the initial state of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the initial state structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in the state of the pressing rod;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing and the handle of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is of the present invention Figure 4 schematic structural diagram from another angle;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner shaft of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic arm of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in the installed state of the elastic arm;

[0039] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Among them, 1 is the housing, 11 is the nail-rod avoidance hole, 12 is the accommodation hole, 14 is the inner cavity expansion section, 15 is the first long opening, 2 is the inner shaft, 21 is the second protrusion, 22 is the arc-shaped groove, 23 is the sliding groove, 24 is the outer diameter expansion section, 25 is the second long opening, 26 is the one-way tooth card slot, 3 is the elastic arm, 31 is the first spring, 32 is the elastic piece, 33 is the gradually expanding block, 34 is the pin shaft, 35 is the first protrusion, 36 is the guiding hole, 37 is the convex edge, 4 is the handle, 41 is the fixed handle, 411 is the first horizontal shaft, 42 is the moving handle, 421 is the pushing shaft, 422 is the second horizontal shaft, 43 is the second spring, 5 is the release mechanism, 51 is the elastic ring, 52 is the limit pin, 53 is the release button, 6 is the pedicle screw, 61 is the screw seat, 7 is the nail-rod, 8 is the set screw. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] As Figure 1-9 shown in the embodiment, a quick-clamping and locking pressing rod gun-type reduction forceps includes a housing 1, an inner shaft 2, an elastic arm 3 and a handle 4, wherein:

[0043] The housing 1 is axially through, and a nail-rod avoidance hole 11 is arranged at one end of the housing 1 along its axis;

[0044] One end of the inner shaft 2 penetrates into the inner cavity of the housing 1, and the inner shaft 2 is axially through;

[0045] The elastic arm 3 is arranged on the housing 1. The elastic arm 3 includes a first spring 31, a leaf spring 32, a tapered block 33 and a pin shaft 34. An accommodation hole 12 is arranged on the housing 1. The middle of the leaf spring 32 is hinged in the accommodation hole 12 through the pin shaft 34. One end of the leaf spring 32 is connected with one end of the first spring 31, and the other end of the first spring 31 is connected with the narrow end of the tapered block 33. The tapered block 33 is accommodated in a tapered hole opened on the housing 1. The other end of the leaf spring 32 is pressed downward toward the accommodation hole 12 under the elastic force of the first spring 31;

[0046] The handle 4 is arranged at one end of the housing 1 far from the elastic arm 3. The handle 4 includes a fixed handle 41 and a movable handle 42. The fixed handle 41 is fixed to the housing 1. The movable handle 42 is hinged to the fixed handle 41, and one end of the movable handle 42 penetrates into the housing 1 and contacts the inner shaft 2. When the movable handle 42 is held close to the fixed handle 41, the inner shaft 2 is pushed to move into the inner cavity of the housing 1;

[0047] In use, S1: Confirm that the pedicle screw 6 has been implanted into the patient's spine, the nail-rod 7 is initially placed in the groove of the screw seat 61. Select a quick-clamping locking rod-pressing gun-type reduction forceps matching the size of the screw seat 61. The nail-rod 7 passes through the nail-rod avoidance hole 11, contacts the elastic arm 3, enters the inside of the elastic arm 3, and is clamped by the elastic arm 3;

[0048] S2: Place the jaws of the quick-clamping locking rod-pressing gun-type reduction forceps parallel to the nail-rod 7, place the nail-rod 7 into the nail-rod avoidance hole 11 to complete nail holding;

[0049] S3: Press the connecting rod, slowly hold the handle 4 tightly. The movable handle 42 drives the inner shaft 2 to move axially deeper in the housing 1. The inner shaft 2 supports the tapered block 33, so that the leaf spring 32 further clamps the screw seat 61. At the same time, as the inner shaft 2 moves, the connecting rod is completely pressed into the bottom of the groove of the screw seat 61. Observe the pressing force to avoid screw loosening or bone structure damage caused by excessive pressing;

[0050] S4: Complete the operation of screwing in the top screw 8 through the inner hole of the inner shaft 2, and connect the nail-rod 7 and the screw seat 61 together to complete locking and fixing;

[0051] S5: Press the leaf spring 32 of the elastic arm 3, the first spring 31 is compressed, and the inner shaft 2 is retracted, then the gun-type reduction forceps can be separated from the pedicle screw 6.

[0052] One or more elastic arms 3 are provided, preferably 2 - 3 symmetrically. In this embodiment, 2 elastic arms are provided. One end of the elastic piece 32 that presses down into the accommodation hole 12 is provided with a first protrusion 35 that cooperates with the side wall groove of the screw seat 61. The first protrusion 35 is provided with an inclined plane that facilitates the sliding of the screw seat 61. Under the action of the inclined plane, the screw seat 61 smoothly enters between the elastic pieces 32. Under the action of the first spring 31, the elastic piece 32 applies a clamping force to the screw seat 61. Especially when the first protrusion 35 enters the side groove of the screw seat 61, the screw seat 61 is stably clamped.

[0053] In this embodiment, a guiding hole 36 is provided on the elastic piece 32, and a second protrusion 21 is provided on the inner shaft 2. The second protrusion 21 extends into the guiding hole 36 to provide a guiding function for the movement of the inner shaft 2. A cooperating convex edge 37 and a sliding groove 23 are respectively provided between the guiding hole 36 near the avoidance hole 11 of the nail rod 7 and the second protrusion 21. The convex edge 37 and the sliding groove 23 are connected and engaged to prevent the pedicle screw from locking and falling out.

[0054] In this embodiment, ear plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the accommodation hole 12. The pin shaft 34 is connected through the symmetrically provided ear plates, and the pin shaft 34 passes through the middle of the elastic piece 32.

[0055] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped groove 22 is provided at one end of the inner shaft 2 close to the avoidance hole of the housing 1 to facilitate the accommodation and smooth pushing of the nail rod 7.

[0056] In this embodiment, an inner cavity expansion section 14 is provided at one end of the housing 1 away from the avoidance hole 11 of the nail rod 7. An outer diameter expansion section 24 is provided at one end of the inner shaft 2 close to the inner cavity expansion section 14, and the outer diameter expansion section 24 is at least partially located in the inner cavity expansion section 14.

[0057] In this embodiment, a first long opening 15 is provided on the housing 1 to facilitate the movement of the operating handle 42. A push shaft 421 is provided on the operating handle 42, and a second long opening 25 is provided on the inner shaft 2 to facilitate the insertion and movement of the push shaft. When the handle 4 is held tightly, the operating handle 42 moves in the first long opening 15 and pushes the inner shaft 2 to move through the second long opening 25.

[0058] In this embodiment, a release mechanism 5 is further included. The release mechanism 5 includes an elastic ring 51, a limit pin 52, and a release button 53, where:

[0059] The elastic ring 51 is sleeved on the outer wall of the housing 1, and the lower end of the elastic ring 51 is in a tapered opening;

[0060] A limit pin 52 is connected to the wall of the elastic ring 51. The limit pin 52 penetrates into the inner cavity of the housing 1. A number of continuous one-way tooth card slots 26 are provided at one end of the inner shaft 2 away from the nail-rod 7 avoidance hole 11. When the inner shaft 2 moves towards the inner cavity of the housing 1, the limit pin 52 can be caught in one of the one-way tooth card slots 26;

[0061] The release button 53 is slidably arranged on the fixed handle 41. One end of the release button 53 is provided with a conical block in interference fit with the conical opening. When the conical block is pushed into the conical opening, the elastic ring 51 expands and the limit pin 52 disengages from the one-way tooth card slot 26;

[0062] After the top screw 8 locks and fixes the nail-rod 7 in the groove of the screw nail seat 61, pressing the release button 53 can reset the inner shaft 2.

[0063] In this embodiment, a first cross shaft 411 is arranged on the fixed handle 41, a second cross shaft 422 is arranged on the moving handle 42, and a second spring 43 is arranged between the first cross shaft 411 and the second cross shaft 422. When the release button 53 is pressed, the limit pin 52 disengages from the one-way tooth card slot 26, and the reset of the second spring 43 drives the moving handle 42 to reset.

[0064] In this embodiment, a mutually cooperating sliding guiding structure is arranged between the fixed handle 41 and the release button 53 to ensure the smooth movement of the release button 53.

[0065] In this embodiment, a number of weight-reducing holes are arranged on the housing 1.

[0066] The above specific embodiments are only specific cases of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the product forms and styles of the above specific embodiments. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by any person of ordinary skill in the art who meets the claims of the present invention shall fall within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reduction forceps, characterized in that: It includes a housing, an inner shaft, elastic arms and a handle, wherein: The housing is axially penetrated, and a nail-rod avoidance hole is axially provided at one end of the housing; One end of the inner shaft penetrates into the inner cavity of the housing, and the inner shaft is axially penetrated; The elastic arms are arranged on the housing. The elastic arms include a first spring, a shrapnel, a tapered block and a pin shaft. A receiving hole is provided on the housing. The middle part of the shrapnel is hinged in the receiving hole through the pin shaft. One end of the shrapnel is connected to one end of the first spring, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the narrow end of the tapered block. The tapered block is received in a tapered hole opened on the housing. The other end of the shrapnel is pressed downward towards the receiving hole under the elastic force of the first spring; The handle is arranged at one end of the housing away from the elastic arms. The handle includes a fixed handle and a movable handle. The fixed handle is fixed to the housing. The movable handle is hinged to the fixed handle, and one end of the movable handle penetrates into the housing and contacts the inner shaft. When the movable handle is held close to the fixed handle, it pushes the inner shaft to move into the inner cavity of the housing.

2. A fast-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reset clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first protrusion that matches the side wall groove of the screw nail seat is provided at the end of the shrapnel that is pressed into the receiving hole. The first protrusion is provided with an inclined surface that facilitates the sliding-in of the screw nail seat.

3. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reduction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guiding hole is opened on the shrapnel, and a second protrusion is provided on the inner shaft. The second protrusion extends into the guiding hole. A cooperating convex edge and a sliding groove are respectively provided between one end of the guiding hole close to the nail-rod avoidance hole and the second protrusion.

4. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reset forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lugs are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the receiving hole. The pin shaft is connected through the symmetrically arranged lugs, and the pin shaft passes through the middle part of the shrapnel.

5. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reduction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped groove is provided at one end of the inner shaft close to the avoidance hole of the housing.

6. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reset clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner cavity expansion section is provided at one end of the housing away from the nail-rod avoidance hole. An outer diameter expansion section is provided at one end of the inner shaft close to the inner cavity expansion section, and the outer diameter expansion section is at least partially located in the inner cavity expansion section.

7. A kind of quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reset clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first long opening hole that facilitates the movement of the movable handle is provided on the housing. A push shaft is provided on the movable handle, and a second long opening hole that facilitates the insertion and movement of the push shaft is provided on the inner shaft.

8. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reduction forceps according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It further includes a release mechanism. The release mechanism includes an elastic ring, a limit pin and a release button, wherein: The elastic ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the housing, and the lower end of the elastic ring is in a tapered opening; A limit pin is connected to the wall of the elastic ring. The limit pin penetrates into the inner cavity of the housing. A number of continuous one-way tooth card slots are provided at one end of the inner shaft away from the nail-rod avoidance hole. When the inner shaft moves into the inner cavity of the housing, the limit pin can be stuck into one of the one-way tooth card slots; The release button is slidably arranged on the fixed handle. A tapered block that is in interference fit with the tapered opening is provided at one end of the release button. When the tapered block is pushed into the tapered opening, the elastic ring expands and the limit pin disengages from the one-way tooth card slot.

9. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reduction forceps according to claim 8, characterized in that: A first horizontal shaft is provided on the fixed handle, and a second horizontal shaft is provided on the movable handle. A second spring is provided between the first horizontal shaft and the second horizontal shaft. When the limit pin disengages from the one-way tooth card slot, the second spring resets to drive the movable handle to reset.

10. A quick-clamping and locking pressure rod gun-type reset forceps according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sliding guiding structure that cooperates with each other is provided between the fixed handle and the release button.

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