Special-shaped probe multi-point refrigerating system for bronchoscope cryopreservation

Abstract

The invention discloses a special-shaped probe multi-point refrigerating system for bronchoscope cryopreservation, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the special-shaped probe multi-point refrigerating system mainly comprises a probe, an air pressure sensing execution sleeve and a wireless computer control system, the special-shaped probe on the probe is provided with four dome cylindrical protruding parts, the middle of the special-shaped probe is sunken, and five capillary tubes are arranged in the probe; the five point refrigeration areas correspond to the convex part and the concave part of the special-shaped probe respectively, so that the five point refrigeration areas are independent; an initial pressure value required by pressure reduction and heat absorption of high-pressure gas is calculated, a wireless signal is transmitted by a computer control system, and then the five air pressure sensing execution sleeves release corresponding pressure, so that the temperature of different point positions on the special-shaped probe is different. Meanwhile, the provided multi-point refrigeration system achieves independent adjustment of the temperatures of different point positions in the probe, prevents the probe from touching and frostbite surrounding healthy tissues by mistake, and has a good clinical application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a multi-point cooling system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryoextraction. Background Art

[0002] Bronchoscopic cryoextraction, as an important endoscopic surgical technique, plays an important role in the treatment of bronchial and pulmonary diseases. Bronchoscopic cryoextraction is achieved by introducing a cryoprobe into the patient's airway and bringing it into contact with abnormal tissues or foreign bodies in the patient's airway, so as to freeze, destroy or remove the abnormal tissues or foreign bodies. However, there are already some publicly disclosed patents for bronchial cryoprobes. At present, there are still some limitations in the surgical process. For example, foreign bodies are likely to fall off during cryoextraction, the low temperature of the probe is likely to frostbite the airway tissues, the accuracy of temperature control is low, and the existing cryosystems have high prices and are difficult to manufacture. These problems may affect the surgical effect and safety. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new cryoprobe and cryosystem for bronchoscopic cryoextraction.

[0003] For example, the cryoprobes described in the invention patent authorization announcement numbers CN116473657A, CN113749752A, and CN113520570A all adopt a conventional cylindrical probe, and complete cryoextraction or cryoablation operations by cooling and heat transfer through a capillary tube in the middle. However, in the actual surgical process, the internal structure of the bronchus is narrow and limited. The metal end of the cryoprobe is evenly cooled and maintains an ultra-low temperature, which makes it easy for the cryoprobe to accidentally touch healthy tissues at the places where it is not in contact with foreign bodies or abnormal tissues, resulting in frostbite or necrosis. Similarly, for the cryoablation system described in the invention patent authorization announcement number CN116211440A, the end of its probe adopts a spray cryoablation form, which is also prone to accidentally injure healthy tissues. These designs increase the difficulty of the doctor's operation and the risk of accidental injury to the patient, and cannot meet the needs of doctors and patients for precise surgery.

[0004] Another example is that although the cryosystems described in the invention patent authorization announcement number CN106572877A and the cryo devices described in the invention patent authorization announcement number CN102843986A have a complete cryoablation system, due to the lack of a monitoring feedback adjustment function, the temperature control only depends on the doctor's observation and experience, resulting in insufficient freezing accuracy. This situation is likely to cause too slow a cooling rate, leading to an extended surgical time, or too low a temperature, causing adhesion between foreign bodies and normal tissues.

[0005] Although similar cryoablation systems can ensure a certain temperature control accuracy by connecting an external cryo-therapeutic instrument or temperature detector, their probes are regular cylinders. When facing irregular foreign bodies, the contact area between the probe tip and the foreign body is limited, which cannot ensure the firmness of freezing during the removal of the foreign body, increasing the risk of the foreign body falling off during the removal process.

[0006] Comprehensive analysis shows that existing cryo-probes and cryo-systems all have some limitations, including easy detachment during freezing and removal of foreign bodies, inability to control temperature in zones inside the probe, and lack of precise temperature adjustment function. These problems seriously affect the accuracy, safety, and efficiency of cryosurgery. By comparing the above-mentioned existing cryo-probes and cryo-systems, a multi-point refrigeration system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryo-removal is designed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the above problems, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-point refrigeration system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryo-removal.

[0008] A multi-point refrigeration system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryo-removal according to the present invention includes: a probe, a connecting pipe, a pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve, a ball valve, a six-way interface, and a high-pressure gas cylinder. The probe is connected to the ball valve through the connecting pipe. The pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve is arranged on the upper part of the ball valve. Five ball valves are evenly distributed circumferentially and are connected to the outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder through the six-way interface.

[0009] Preferably, the probe includes a special-shaped probe, a capillary tube, a silicone catheter, a cross fixing plate, a housing, an exhaust port, a heat-insulating material, a sealing joint, an electric resistance wire, a fixed circular plate, and a fixed joint; four dome-shaped cylindrical protrusions are provided at the end of the special-shaped probe and the middle is concave. The ends of five capillary tubes correspond to the four dome-shaped cylindrical protrusions and the middle concave part of the special-shaped probe respectively, making the five refrigeration areas of the probe independent and meeting the requirements of multi-point refrigeration. When the multi-point refrigeration system performs cryo-removal operations, it first calculates the inlet pressure required for rapid freezing at the contact point between the special-shaped probe and the foreign body, and the inlet pressure to be taken for heat preservation at the non-contact points with the foreign body through the Joule-Thomson effect formula and the ideal gas state equation. When the doctor performs cryo-removal operations, the corresponding pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeves at the contact point and the non-contact point are respectively given corresponding pressures through the wireless computer control system. Subsequently, the pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve controls the ball valve to release the corresponding pressure according to the received wireless signal, completing the separate control of the temperatures at different points of the special-shaped probe.

[0010] Preferably, the tail of the special-shaped probe is connected to the front end of the silicone catheter. The cross-shaped fixing plate is fixed at the front end of the silicone catheter. Five capillary tubes pass through the holes of the cross-shaped fixing plate to complete circumferential fixation and uniform distribution. The rear end of the silicone catheter is inserted into the interior of the front end of the housing. The exhaust port is arranged on the side of the front end of the housing. The heat insulation material is circumferentially arranged inside the housing and avoids the exhaust port. The front end of the sealing joint is connected to the capillary tube and the rear end is connected to the connecting tube. The electrothermal resistance wire is spirally wound around the central sealing joint. The fixed circular plate is arranged at the tail end of the housing, which plays a role in positioning the electrothermal resistance wire and the five fixed joints. So far, the positions of the internal components of the probe have been fixed.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] 1. In the special-shaped probe of the present invention, in addition to a central capillary tube, four capillary tubes are circumferentially and evenly distributed. Their ends respectively correspond to four dome-shaped cylindrical small probes, which makes the five temperature regions inside the probe independent. And compared with the ordinary cylindrical probe, the special-shaped probe has a larger contact area with the foreign body and is more firm during freezing and extraction.

[0013] 2. The multi-point refrigeration system of the present invention calculates the inlet pressure required for the probe to contact and quickly freeze and the inlet pressure required for heat preservation at the non-contact part of the probe by using the Joule-Thomson effect formula. The computer wirelessly controls five pneumatic sensing actuator sleeves to output corresponding pressures, realizing precise control of the temperatures at different regional points inside the probe. While ensuring quick freezing, it avoids accidental injury to healthy airway tissues at the non-contact part of the probe.

[0014] 3. In the present invention, the ball valve cooperates with the pneumatic sensing actuator sleeve above it. By receiving the wireless signal of the pressure sensor at the outlet nozzle, the computer can change and set the pressure of each pneumatic sensing actuator sleeve, making it rotate the valve stem, realizing precise regulation of the outlet pressure.

[0015] 4. The multi-point refrigeration system of the present invention adopts computer wireless ball valve control. The equipment and components used are relatively easy to obtain. The manufacturing of non-standard parts is relatively simple. The principle and operation are easy to understand. Doctors with experience in bronchial treatment only need simple training to complete precise freezing and extraction operations relying on this set of systems. Compared with the cryotherapy instrument, this system not only has a significantly lower price but also has higher flexibility and automation, and can be applied to a variety of different treatment scenarios.

[0016] The multi-point refrigeration system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryoextraction provided by the embodiments of the present invention can complete the removal of foreign bodies and cryoablation treatment through a bronchoscope. The present invention innovatively designs a special-shaped probe, whose internal structure includes a central capillary and four circumferentially distributed capillaries, forming five independent temperature regions, which makes the contact area between the special-shaped probe and foreign bodies larger and enhances the firmness of the freezing effect. At the same time, the present invention calculates the inlet pressure that should be taken in different regions of the probe by using the Joule-Thomson effect formula and the ideal gas state equation, and cooperates with the output control of the pneumatic sensing actuator sleeve to accurately regulate the temperature of the probe, ensuring quick freezing while avoiding accidental contact frostbite of the surrounding healthy tissues. The present invention adopts a control system that matches a ball valve with a pneumatic sensing actuator sleeve, and through wireless computer control, realizes precise adjustment of the outlet pressure. In addition, the refrigeration system of the present invention adopts computer wireless ball valve control, which is not only simple to manufacture and convenient to operate, but also has a lower price, has higher flexibility and automation, and is suitable for various treatment scenarios. In summary, through a number of innovative technical means, the present invention realizes beneficial effects such as reducing the cost of bronchoscopic cryoextraction, facilitating operation, and improving treatment effects, and has good clinical application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] For ease of explanation, the present invention is described in detail by the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the gas flow direction in the capillaries at different positions when the probe of the present invention contacts an irregular foreign body (where the density of the arrows represents the gas flow rate and air pressure).

[0020] Figure 3 is an axonometric view of the special-shaped probe of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the inside of the ball valve of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped fixing plate and the fixing circular plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the six-way joint of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Probe; 101. Special-shaped probe; 102. Capillary tube; 103. Silicone catheter; 104. Cross fixing plate; 105. Outer shell; 106. Exhaust port; 107. Heat insulation material; 108. Sealing joint; 109. Electric resistance wire; 110. Fixed circular plate; 111. Fixed joint; 2. Connecting pipe; 201. Protective sleeve; 3. Pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve; 4. Ball valve; 401. Valve stem; 402. Ball body; 403. Valve seat; 404. Valve body; 405. Nozzle; 5. Six-way interface; 6. High-pressure gas cylinder; 601. Gas outlet; 602. Gas inlet; 603. Electronic temperature and pressure gauge; 7. Computer control system; 701. Button module; 702. Host control module; 703. Display screen module; 704. Wireless control module. Specific embodiments

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and be able to implement it, but the embodiments given are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] A multi-point refrigeration system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryoextraction, comprising: a probe 1, a connecting pipe 2, a pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve 3, a ball valve 4, a six-way interface 5 and a high-pressure gas cylinder 6. The probe 1 is connected to the ball valve 4 through the connecting pipe 2. The pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve 3 is arranged on the upper part of the ball valve 4. Five ball valves 4 are circumferentially and evenly distributed and connected to the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 through the six-way interface 5.

[0027] Furthermore, the probe 1 includes a special-shaped probe 101, a capillary tube 102, a silicone catheter 103, a cross fixing plate 104, an outer shell 105, an exhaust port 106, a heat insulation material 107, a sealing joint 108, an electric resistance wire 109, a fixed circular plate 110 and a fixed joint 111. Four dome-shaped cylindrical protrusions are provided at the end of the special-shaped probe 101 and the middle part is recessed inward. The ends of five capillary tubes 102 correspond to the four dome-shaped cylindrical protrusions and the middle concave part of the special-shaped probe 101 respectively, so that the five refrigeration areas of the probe are independent, meeting the requirements of multi-point refrigeration.

[0028] Further, the tail of the special-shaped probe 101 is connected to the front end of the silica gel catheter 103. The cross-shaped fixing plate 104 is fixed to the front end of the silica gel catheter 103. Five capillary tubes 102 pass through the holes of the cross-shaped fixing plate 104 to complete circumferential fixing and uniform distribution. The rear end of the silica gel catheter 103 is inserted into the interior of the front end of the housing 105. The exhaust port 106 is arranged on the side surface of the front end of the housing 105. The heat insulation material 107 is circumferentially arranged inside the housing 105 and avoids the exhaust port 106. The front end of the sealing joint 108 is connected to the capillary tube 102 and the rear end is connected to the connecting tube 2. The electrothermal resistance wire 109 is spirally wound around the central sealing joint 108. The fixed circular plate 110 is arranged at the tail end of the housing 105, which plays a role in positioning the electrothermal resistance wire 109 and the five fixed joints 111. So far, the positions of the internal components of the probe have been fixed.

[0029] Further, the ball valve 4 includes a valve stem 401, a ball 402, a valve seat 403, a valve body 404 and a nozzle 405. The ball 402 is arranged in the center of the valve body 404. The valve stem 401 passes through the valve body 404 and is connected to the upper end of the ball 402. The pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve 3 is connected to the upper end of the valve stem 401 and controls its rotation. The outlet end of the ball valve 4 is connected to the nozzle 5. The sensor on the pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve 3 is arranged at the outlet end of the nozzle 405. The tail end of the connecting tube 2 is connected to the outlet end of the nozzle 405 and is integrated through the protective sleeve 201. Five independent gas control systems play a role in controlling the temperature of the probe in zones.

[0030] Further, the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 includes an air outlet 601 and an air inlet 602, an electronic temperature and pressure gauge 603. The air inlet 602 is arranged at the lower end of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6. The air outlet 601 is arranged on the side surface of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 and is connected to the vertical interface of the six-way interface 5. The other five interfaces of the six-way interface 5 are respectively connected to the air inlets of the five ball valves 4, ensuring that the five channels have the same inlet pressure for convenient regulation.

[0031] Further, the computer control system 7 includes a key module 701, a host control module 702, a display screen module 703 and a wireless control module 704. The host control module 702 is respectively connected to the key module 701, the display screen module 703 and the wireless control module 704. The wireless control module 704 internally includes a wireless transmission module and a wireless reception module. The wireless control module 704 can transmit and receive wireless signals with the pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve 3. The pneumatic sensing and actuating sleeve 3 rotates the ball valve 4 according to the signal to achieve precise regulation of the outlet pressure of different valves.

[0032] Embodiment 2: Embodiment of multi-point refrigeration:

[0033] According to Figure 1As shown, the special-shaped cryoprobe in the present invention must be used in cooperation with a bronchoscope. The probe extends from the opening at the front end of the operating part along the catheter through the inlet of the operating part of the bronchoscope to the foreign body or the tissue to be cryoablated, and then starts cryotherapy.

[0034] During implementation, under the imaging of the bronchoscope, determine the positions where the special-shaped probe 101 is in full contact with the foreign body and the corresponding capillary tubes, adjust the outlet pressure values of each corresponding ball valve 4 in the computer control system 7 according to the inlet pressure values calculated in Embodiment 4. Subsequently, high-pressure CO2 gas passes through the outlet 601 of the high-pressure gas cylinder 6, the ball valve 4, the connecting pipe 2, and the capillary tube 102, and finally sprays out from the end of the capillary tube 102 to become low-pressure CO2 gas. According to the Joule-Thomson effect, when the CO2 gas changes from high pressure to low pressure, the mutual collision between gas molecules causes the temperature to drop. The corresponding rapid-cooling area can cool down to -80°C within 5 s, and the cold-preserving area synchronously cools down to -40°C, completing the rapid freezing of the foreign body or cryoablation operation, and at the same time, it will not cause accidental contact frostbite to the surrounding healthy tissues. Subsequently, the low-pressure and low-temperature CO2 gas flows out of the exhaust port 106 through the gap between the capillary tube 102 and the cross fixing plate 104 and is discharged into the air. Since the exhaust port is provided at the front end of the housing 105, the low-temperature air flow will not frostbite the hands of the operating doctor.

[0035] Embodiment 3: Embodiment of thawing the foreign body or tissue:

[0036] After removing the foreign body or completing cryoablation, it is necessary to thaw the special-shaped probe 101 and the foreign body or tissue to test the sample or withdraw the probe. During implementation, close the four circumferential ball valves 4 through the computer control system 7, only keep the middle ball valve open, and set its outlet pressure to the thawing pressure value calculated in Embodiment 4. At the same time, energize the electric heating resistance wire 109 to heat the CO2 gas passing through the central capillary tube. The high-temperature CO2 gas flows out from the end of the central capillary tube, and the high-temperature CO2 gas flow flows in the special-shaped probe 101 and exchanges heat with each position, raising the surface temperature of the probe to above 0°C within 5 s, completing the thawing of the probe and the foreign body or tissue, and saving operation time.

[0037] Embodiment 4: Calculate the required rapid-freezing, cold-preserving, and thawing pressure values:

[0038] Set the required outlet temperatures during rapid freezing, cold preservation, and thawing to -80°C, -30°C, and 0°C respectively. Since the exhaust port 106 is connected to the atmosphere, the outlet pressure is set to the standard atmospheric pressure. Calculate the inlet pressure (i.e., the outlet pressure of the nozzle 405) according to the Joule-Thomson effect and the ideal gas state equation, which are 6 MPa, 3 MPa, and 1 MPa respectively. Accordingly, set the pressure parameters of each ball valve to achieve the three states of rapid freezing, cold preservation, and thawing (when the volume of the foreign body is too large or the cryoablation area is too large, the inlet pressure can be appropriately increased).

[0039] Example 5: Multi-point cryoablation therapy:

[0040] When multi-point cryoablation therapy is required, it can be cycled according to the actual situation in Example 2 and Example 3.

[0041] The specific embodiments described above illustrate the basic principles, main features and beneficial effects of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the description in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-point refrigeration system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryoextraction, characterized in that, The invention comprises a probe (1), a connecting pipe (2), an air pressure sensing execution sleeve (3), a ball valve (4), a six-way interface (5), a high-pressure gas cylinder (6) and a computer control system (7); the probe (1) comprises a special-shaped probe (101), a capillary (102), a silicone tube (103), a cross fixing plate (104), a shell (105), an exhaust port (106), a heat insulating material (107), a sealing joint (108), an electric thermal resistance wire (109), a fixing circular plate (110) and a fixing joint (111); the end of the special-shaped probe (101) is provided with four dome-shaped cylindrical protrusions and the middle is concave inwardly, the ends of the five capillaries (102) correspond one-to-one with the four dome-shaped cylindrical protrusions and the middle concave part of the special-shaped probe (101), so that the five parts of the probe have independent cooling areas, thereby meeting the multi-point cooling requirements. The multi-point refrigeration system calculates the inlet pressure required for quick freezing of the contact point between the special-shaped probe (101) and the foreign body and the inlet pressure required for cold preservation of the non-contact point between the special-shaped probe (101) and the foreign body by using the Joule-Thompson effect formula and the ideal gas state equation before the cryopreservation operation. When the doctor performs the cryopreservation operation, the wireless computer control system (7) respectively gives the corresponding pressure values to the five air pressure sensing execution sleeves (3). Then, the air pressure sensing execution sleeve (3) controls the ball valve (4) to release the corresponding pressure according to the received wireless signal, thereby completing the individual control of the temperature of different points of the special-shaped probe (101).

2. The multi-point cooling system with a special-shaped probe for bronchoscopic cryoextraction according to claim 1, wherein The tail of the special-shaped probe (101) is connected to the front end of the silicone tube (103), the cross fixing plate (104) is fixed to the front end of the silicone tube (103), the five capillaries (102) are inserted into the holes of the cross fixing plate (104) to complete circumferential fixation and uniform distribution, the rear end of the silicone tube (103) is inserted into the front end of the shell (105), the exhaust port (106) is arranged on the side of the front end of the shell (105), the heat insulation material (107) is circumferentially arranged inside the shell (105) and avoids the exhaust port (106), the front end of the sealing joint (108) is connected to the capillary (102) and the rear end is connected to the connecting pipe (2), the electric thermal resistance wire (109) is spirally wound on the central sealing joint (108), and the fixed circular plate (110) is arranged at the tail end of the shell (105) to play the role of positioning the electric thermal resistance wire (109) and the five fixed joints (111), so that the positions of the internal components of the probe are fixed.

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