Trachea cannula passing through tracheostoma

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a tracheal intubation through tracheostomy, which comprises a catheter and a respiration assisting mechanism, a sliding tube is in vertical sliding fit with the inner wall of the lower end of the catheter, the lower end of the sliding tube is wedge-shaped, and air holes are formed in the side wall of the lower end of the sliding tube; an air bag fixedly sleeves the outer wall of the catheter; the guide pipe is slidably sleeved with a chassis, the top of the chassis is fixedly connected with an elastic clamping sleeve, and buffering grooves are symmetrically formed in the two sides of the clamping sleeve. The airbag is positioned below the chassis; the top end of the catheter is fixedly connected with a connector for connecting a respiration assisting mechanism; the catheter is internally provided with an inner drainage assembly used for cleaning sputum attached to the inner wall of the catheter and an outer drainage assembly used for cleaning sputum attached to the outer wall of the catheter. A driving assembly used for driving the sliding pipe to vertically slide in the guide pipe is arranged in the guide pipe. The tracheostomy tube is complete in structure, and the respiratory tract smoothness of a tracheostomy patient or the respiratory support effect of the tracheostomy patient in operative anesthesia can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a tracheal intubation via tracheostomy. Background Art

[0002] Tracheal intubation via tracheostomy (tracheotomy intubation) is a technique for establishing an artificial airway in the neck through surgical operation, and is applicable to patients who require long-term mechanical ventilation or have severe upper airway obstruction; the tracheal intubation bypasses the upper airway (such as the nasal cavity, oral cavity, larynx) by directly inserting a tracheal catheter through an incision in the anterior wall of the trachea in the neck; the tracheal intubation usually uses a special tracheotomy catheter (with or without an airbag), which has a larger diameter and can be indwelled for a long time.

[0003] Although the intubation in the prior art can assist the patient in breathing, during the breathing process, the sputum in the patient's lungs has strong viscosity, and during the use of the intubation, both the inner wall and the outer wall of the intubation will be adhered to by the sputum, which is not conducive to discharge, and at the same time, it will also reduce the flow diameter of the intubation and even block the intubation.

[0004] In summary, how to solve the problem that the intubation in the prior art cannot remove the sputum adhered to its inner wall and outer wall, affecting the breathing assistance effect has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current field. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a more reasonable tracheal intubation via tracheostomy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a tracheal intubation via tracheostomy, which can reduce the influence of sputum on the flow area of the catheter by improving the structure of the catheter, prevent the catheter from being blocked by sputum, and thus improve the breathing assistance effect of the catheter on the patient.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A tracheal intubation via tracheostomy includes a catheter and a breathing assistance mechanism. A sliding tube is vertically slidably fitted to the inner wall of the lower end of the catheter. The lower end of the sliding tube is wedge-shaped, and air holes are formed in the side wall of the lower end of the sliding tube. An airbag is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the catheter. A chassis is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the catheter. An elastic clamping sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the chassis, and buffer grooves are symmetrically formed on both sides of the clamping sleeve. The airbag is located below the chassis. The top end of the catheter is fixedly connected with a connector for connecting the breathing assistance mechanism.

[0007] An inner discharge assembly for cleaning the sputum adhered to the inner wall of the catheter and an outer discharge assembly for cleaning the sputum adhered to the outer wall of the catheter are provided in the catheter; a driving assembly for driving the sliding tube to vertically slide in the catheter is provided in the catheter.

[0008] The technical principle of the above solution is as follows:

[0009] Insert the lower end of the catheter into the patient's trachea through the tracheostomy, and use the balloon to fix the part of the catheter inside the patient's trachea in the patient's trachea; pinch the ferrule to push the chassis to move along the catheter, so that the chassis moves to the patient's tracheostomy and fix the chassis with medical tape; use the driving component to make the sliding rod slide down along the catheter to adjust the overall length of the device. During the adjustment of the device, the inner discharge component will clean the sputum attached to the inner wall of the catheter, and the outer discharge component will clean the sputum attached to the outer wall of the catheter. After the device adjustment is completed, connect the respiratory assistance mechanism to the catheter through the connector, and start the respiratory assistance mechanism to assist the patient in breathing.

[0010] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. In the present invention, the lower end of the sliding tube is wedge-shaped. Compared with the horizontal opening in the prior art, the wedge-shaped lower end of the sliding tube can increase the cross-sectional area of the air flow channel, thereby improving the respiratory assistance effect of the device on the patient. The design of the air holes can increase the flow path of the air flow and at the same time reduce the risk of sputum blocking the catheter.

[0012] 2. Through the design of the balloon, the part of the catheter inside the trachea can be stably fixed in the patient's trachea; through the design of the chassis, the part of the catheter outside the trachea can be stably fixed outside the patient's tracheostomy; the overall stability of the device is improved, and then the respiratory assistance effect of the catheter is improved.

[0013] 3. In the prior art, during the breathing process of the patient, a large amount of sputum will adhere to the inner and outer walls of the intubation, thereby blocking the intubation, affecting the respiratory assistance effect of the intubation, and at the same time affecting the comfort of the patient; compared with the prior art, the present invention can effectively clean the sputum attached to the inner wall of the catheter, the outer wall of the catheter and the patient's trachea, reduce the risk of sputum blocking the catheter, improve the respiratory assistance effect, and at the same time improve the comfort of the patient.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation material of the catheter is selected from one of polyvinyl chloride material or PVC material. A stainless steel wire and an X-ray-impermeable barium wire are embedded and installed inside the catheter side wall, and the catheter is L-shaped.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Polyvinyl chloride material and PVC material have good flexibility and biocompatibility, which is convenient to bend the catheter into an L shape, so that the part of the catheter outside the trachea is perpendicular to the patient's trachea, which is convenient for subsequent laying of sterile drapes. The stainless steel wire can provide good support and directional shaping ability for the catheter; the X-ray-impermeable barium wire can facilitate subsequent X-ray fluoroscopy of the patient to accurately locate the position of the catheter.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner row component includes a central rod fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube. An elastic V-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the central rod. Limiting blocks are fixedly connected to both ends of the V-shaped rod away from the central rod. A plurality of sliding grooves for the limiting blocks to slide towards both sides of the sliding tube are formed in the side wall of the sliding tube. A plurality of limiting grooves for limiting the limiting blocks are formed in the inner side wall of the conduit near one end of the sliding tube. A plurality of elastic rods for dispersing sputum are fixedly connected to the V-shaped rod.

[0017] Beneficial effects: When the sliding tube slides vertically in the conduit, the V-shaped rod will drive the elastic rods to continuously knock the sputum adhering to the inner wall of the sliding tube, so that the sputum on the inner wall of the sliding tube is dispersed and loosened, and gradually falls off, which is convenient for subsequent discharging of the sputum from the patient's body.

[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of piston boxes are embedded and installed on the conduit. Piston plates are slidably fitted in the piston boxes. Piston rods are fixedly connected to the sides of the piston plates close to the sliding tube. The piston rods all extend outside the piston boxes and are fixedly connected to the V-shaped rod; suction tubes and drain tubes are communicated with the sides of the piston boxes away from the sliding tube. First one-way valves for inputting sputum are communicated at the connections between the piston boxes and the suction tubes. Second one-way valves for discharging sputum are communicated at the connections between the piston boxes and the drain tubes.

[0019] Beneficial effects: When the piston plates and the piston rods slide vertically in the piston boxes, the piston plates will adsorb the loosened sputum in the sliding tube into the piston boxes through the suction tubes and the first one-way valves. At the same time, the sputum is discharged from the patient's body through the drain tubes and the second one-way valves.

[0020] Furthermore, air supply tubes are communicated with the sides of the piston boxes close to the sliding tube. The ends of the air supply tubes away from the piston boxes are all communicated with the airbag; control valves are communicated at the connections between the air supply tubes and the piston boxes. A button for controlling the operation of the control valve is fixedly connected to the upper part of the conduit.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By pressing the button to open the control valve, when the piston plates and the piston rods slide vertically in the piston boxes, the piston plates can pump gas into the airbag or suck the gas in the airbag, so as to adjust the size of the airbag, so that the airbag can reasonably support tracheas with different diameters; after the adjustment is completed, by pressing the button to close the control valve, the airbag can fix the conduit in the patient's trachea.

[0022] Furthermore, connecting rods are fixedly connected to the sides of the piston plates away from the piston rods; a scraping ring is slidably fitted in the conduit. The connecting rods all extend outside the piston boxes and are fixedly connected to the scraping ring; the scraping ring is located on the side of the piston box away from the sliding tube.

[0023] Beneficial effects: When the piston plate slides within the piston box, the piston plate drives the connecting rod and the scraping ring to push and scrape the sputum adhering to the inner wall of the catheter, loosening the sputum adhering to the inner wall of the catheter and flowing into the sliding tube, where it is sucked into the piston box by the adsorption tube through the first one-way valve.

[0024] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a push-pull rod. The lower end of the push-pull rod penetrates through the side wall of the catheter and is slidably engaged therewith. The lower end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the scraping ring.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Medical staff can push and pull the scraping ring through the push-pull rod, thereby driving the connecting rod, the piston plate, and the piston rod to slide within the piston box, and further driving the V-shaped rod, the central rod, and the catheter to slide within the catheter together, so as to adjust the overall length of the device, and the operation is simple.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer discharge assembly includes an atomization mechanism and a plurality of atomization tubes communicated with the atomization mechanism. One end of each atomization tube away from the atomization mechanism is embedded and installed within the side wall of the catheter; a plurality of atomization holes are formed in the outer side wall of the catheter, and one end of each atomization tube away from the atomization mechanism is communicated with the adjacent atomization hole.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The atomization liquid for sputum discharge is conveyed into the atomization tubes through the atomization mechanism. The atomization liquid will diffuse between the patient's trachea and the outer wall of the catheter through the atomization tubes and the atomization holes, thereby reducing the viscosity of the sputum, causing the sputum adhering to the inner wall of the patient's trachea and the outer wall of the catheter to gradually slide to the bottom of the sliding tube, and then using the adsorption effect of the adsorption tube to adsorb the sputum into the piston box through the first one-way valve, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of sputum discharge and the respiratory assistance effect of the catheter.

[0028] Furthermore, one end of the elastic rod away from the V-shaped rod is serrated, and the preparation material of the elastic rod is selected as a hydrophobic material.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The serrated design of the elastic rod can expand the acting area of the elastic rod, enabling the elastic rod to further disperse the sputum, reducing the viscosity of the sputum, and facilitating subsequent adsorption of the sputum. The elastic rod is made of a hydrophobic material, which can prevent the sputum from adhering to the elastic rod, and at the same time, the dispersed sputum is located on both sides of the elastic rod, reducing the probability of the dispersed sputum aggregating again.

[0030] Furthermore, a support frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube, and the support frame is located at one end of the adsorption tube away from the first one-way valve; the preparation material of the support frame is selected as a hydrophilic material.

[0031] Beneficial effects: The support frame can support the sliding tube without affecting the patient's breathing.

[0032] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of the tracheal intubation via tracheostomy of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is an axonometric view of the chassis in the tracheal intubation via tracheostomy of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner row assembly in the tracheal intubation via tracheostomy of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a side view of the V-shaped rod in the tracheal intubation via tracheostomy of the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals in the attached drawings of the specification include: 1, catheter; 2, sliding tube; 3, airbag; 4, chassis; 401, ferrule; 5, adsorption tube; 501, first one-way valve; 6, joint; 7, drain pipe; 701, second one-way valve; 8, air supply pipe; 801, control valve; 9, piston box; 10, central rod; 11, V-shaped rod; 12, elastic rod; 13, limit block; 14, piston rod; 15, piston plate; 16, connecting rod; 17, scraping ring; 18, atomizing tube; 19, push-pull rod; 20, support frame. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0038] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] As shown in the attached Figures 1-2 figures: A tracheal intubation via tracheostomy includes a catheter 1 and a respiratory assistance mechanism. The lower inner wall of the catheter 1 is vertically and slidably fitted with a sliding tube 2. The lower end of the sliding tube 2 is wedge-shaped, and air holes are provided on the side wall of the lower end of the sliding tube 2. An airbag 3 is fixedly bonded and sleeved on the outer wall of the catheter 1.

[0041] A chassis 4 is slidably sleeved outside the catheter 1. An elastic ferrule 401 is fixedly bonded to the top of the chassis 4, and buffer grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the ferrule 401. The airbag 3 is located below the chassis 4. A joint 6 for connecting the respiratory assistance mechanism is fixedly clamped at the top end of the catheter 1. The design of their fixed clamping facilitates medical staff to replace and clean the joint 6 and the catheter 1, improving the safety of the device.

[0042] Specifically, when medical staff push the chassis 4 to move along the catheter 1, due to the existence of the buffer grooves, the ferrule 401 will expand to both sides during the movement, so that the chassis 4 can slide smoothly. After the movement is completed, since the ferrule 401 is elastic, the ferrule 401 will quickly rebound and fit with the catheter 1, and fix with the catheter 1 by using the frictional force, thereby driving the chassis 4 to be fixed with the catheter 1 and preventing the catheter 1 from continuing to slide into the patient's trachea.

[0043] The preparation material of the catheter 1 is selected from one of polyvinyl chloride material or PVC material (polyvinyl chloride material is selected in this embodiment). A stainless steel wire and an X-ray-impermeable barium wire are embedded and installed inside the side wall of the catheter 1, and the catheter 1 is in an L shape.

[0044] The polyvinyl chloride material has good flexibility and biocompatibility, which facilitates bending the catheter 1 into an L shape, so that the part of the catheter 1 outside the trachea is perpendicular to the patient's trachea. The stainless steel wire can provide good support and directional shaping ability for the catheter 1; the X-ray-impermeable barium wire can facilitate subsequent X-ray fluoroscopy of the patient to accurately locate the position of the catheter 1.

[0045] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0046] Medical staff insert the lower end of the catheter 1 into the patient's trachea through the tracheostomy, and use an air delivery mechanism (such as an air pump in the prior art) to inflate the airbag 3, so that the airbag 3 expands, thereby fixing the part of the catheter 1 inside the patient's trachea in the patient's trachea.

[0047] Medical staff move the chassis 4 to the patient's tracheostomy and fix the chassis 4 with medical tape.

[0048] After the catheter 1 is installed, start the respiratory assistance mechanism (such as a ventilator in the prior art) to assist the patient in breathing.

[0049] In this embodiment, compared with the horizontal opening in the prior art, the wedge-shaped lower end of the sliding tube 2 can increase the cross-sectional area of the air flow channel, thereby improving the respiratory assistance effect of the device on the patient. The design of the air holes can increase the flow path of the air flow and at the same time reduce the risk of sputum blocking the catheter 1. Through the design of the chassis 4 in this embodiment, the catheter 1 can be stably fixed outside the patient's tracheostomy, improving the overall stability of the device and further improving the respiratory assistance effect of the catheter 1.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] As shown in the attached Figures 1-4 figure, different from the above embodiment, an inner discharge component for cleaning sputum attached to the inner wall of the catheter 1 and an outer discharge component for cleaning sputum attached to the outer wall of the catheter 1 are provided inside the catheter 1; a driving component for driving the sliding tube 2 to slide vertically inside the catheter 1 is provided inside the catheter 1.

[0052] The inner row component includes a central rod 10 fixedly adhered to the inner wall of the sliding tube 2. An elastic V-shaped rod 11 is fixedly adhered to the central rod 10 by screws. At both ends of the V-shaped rod 11 away from the central rod 10, limit blocks 13 are fixedly adhered. A plurality of sliding grooves for the limit blocks 13 to slide to both sides of the sliding tube 2 are formed on the side wall of the sliding tube 2. A plurality of limit grooves for limiting the limit blocks 13 are formed on the inner side wall of one end of the conduit 1 close to the sliding tube 2. A plurality of elastic rods 12 for dispersing phlegm are fixedly adhered to the V-shaped rod 11.

[0053] Specifically, taking Figure 3 as an example, during the breathing process of the patient, a large amount of phlegm will be generated. Due to the strong viscosity of the phlegm, the phlegm will adhere to the inner walls of the sliding tube 2 and the conduit 1. When the driving component drives the sliding tube 2 to slide vertically inside the conduit 1, since the V-shaped rod 11 is fixedly adhered to the central rod 10 by screws and the central rod 10 is fixedly adhered to the sliding tube 2, therefore, the sliding tube 2 will drive the V-shaped rod 11 and the central rod 10 to slide synchronously; the V-shaped rod 11 will drive the limit blocks 13 to slide together. When the sliding groove is aligned with the limit groove, the V-shaped rod 11 will expand to both sides, so that the limit blocks 13 enter the limit groove through the sliding groove. When the sliding groove is separated from the limit groove, the limit blocks 13 will rebound into the limit groove under the extrusion of the limit groove. At this time, the two sides of the V-shaped rod 11 will contract inward; during this process, the V-shaped rod 11 will drive the elastic rods 12 to continuously knock the phlegm adhering to the inner wall of the sliding tube 2, so that the phlegm on the inner wall of the sliding tube 2 is dispersed and loosened and gradually falls off, which is convenient for subsequent discharging of the phlegm from the patient's body.

[0054] Taking Figure 1 as an example, when it is necessary to adjust the position of the sliding tube 2 and thus adjust the length of the breathing channel formed by the conduit 1 and the sliding tube 2, the limit blocks 13 can be clamped into different limit grooves, thereby adjusting the length of the breathing channel so that the device can adapt to patients with different trachea lengths; when the sliding tube 2 slides downward inside the conduit 1, the length of the breathing channel increases; when the sliding tube 2 slides upward inside the conduit 1, the length of the breathing channel shortens.

[0055] A plurality of piston boxes 9 are embedded and installed on the conduit 1. Piston plates 15 are slidably fitted inside the piston boxes 9. On one side of the piston plates 15 close to the sliding tube 2, piston rods 14 are fixedly adhered. The piston rods 14 all extend outside the piston boxes 9 and are fixedly adhered to the V-shaped rod 11; on the side of the piston boxes 9 away from the sliding tube 2, an adsorption tube 5 and a drain tube 7 are respectively communicated. At the connection between the piston box 9 and the adsorption tube 5, a first one-way valve 501 for inputting phlegm is communicated. At the connection between the piston box 9 and the drain tube 7, a second one-way valve 701 for discharging phlegm is communicated. On the side of the piston boxes 9 close to the sliding tube 2, air supply pipes 8 are respectively communicated. One end of the air supply pipes 8 away from the piston boxes 9 is communicated with the airbag 3; at the connection between the air supply pipe 8 and the piston box 9, a control valve 801 is communicated. A button for controlling the operation of the control valve 801 is fixedly adhered to the upper part of the conduit 1.

[0056] Specifically, taking Figure 1 and Figure 3 as an example, when the sliding tube 2 and the V-shaped rod 11 slide synchronously in the catheter 1, the V-shaped rod 11 drives the piston rod 14 to move in the piston box 9. The piston plate 15 adsorbs the loose sputum in the sliding tube 2 into the piston box 9 through the adsorption tube 5 and the first one-way valve 501. When the piston plate 15 slides in the reverse direction, the sputum is discharged out of the patient's body through the drain tube 7 and the second one-way valve 701. During this process, by pressing the button to open the control valve 801, the piston plate 15 can pump the gas in the piston box 9 into the airbag 3 or suck the gas in the airbag 3 into the piston box 9, so as to adjust the size of the airbag 3, so that the airbag 3 can reasonably support tracheas with different diameters. After the adjustment is completed, by pressing the button to close the control valve 801, the airbag 3 can fix the catheter 1 in the patient's trachea.

[0057] On the side of the piston plate 15 far away from the piston rod 14, connecting rods 16 are fixedly bonded. A scraping ring 17 is slidably fitted in the catheter 1. The connecting rods 16 all extend outside the piston box 9 and are fixedly bonded to the scraping ring 17. The scraping ring 17 is located on the side of the piston box 9 far away from the sliding tube 2.

[0058] The driving assembly includes a push-pull rod 19. The lower end of the push-pull rod 19 penetrates the side wall of the catheter 1 and is slidably fitted therewith. The lower end of the push-pull rod 19 is fixedly bonded to the scraping ring 17.

[0059] Specifically, since the push-pull rod 19 is fixedly bonded to the scraping ring 17, and the scraping ring 17, the connecting rod 16, the piston plate 15 and the piston rod 14 are fixedly bonded in sequence, medical staff can push and pull the scraping ring 17 through the push-pull rod 19, so as to drive the connecting rod 16, the piston plate 15 and the piston rod 14 to slide in the piston box 9 at the same time. Also, since the piston rod 14 is fixedly bonded to the V-shaped rod 11, therefore, the piston rod 14 can drive the V-shaped rod 11, the central rod 10 and the sliding tube 2 to slide together in the catheter 1, so as to adjust the overall length of the device. Such a design is simple to operate. Medical staff can adjust the overall length of the device by pushing and pulling the push-pull rod 19, and at the same time adjust the size of the airbag 3 for sputum drainage operation.

[0060] The external discharge assembly includes an atomization mechanism (in this embodiment, an atomizer in the prior art is selected, and the atomizer stores atomized liquid) and a plurality of atomization tubes 18 communicated with the atomization mechanism. One end of each atomization tube 18 far away from the atomization mechanism is embedded and installed in the side wall of the catheter 1. A plurality of atomization holes are formed in the outer side wall of the catheter 1. One end of each atomization tube 18 far away from the atomization mechanism is communicated with the adjacent atomization hole.

[0061] Specifically, medical staff activate the atomization mechanism. The atomization mechanism delivers the atomized liquid for expectoration into the patient's body through the atomization tube 18 and atomization holes. The atomized liquid diffuses through the atomization holes between the patient's trachea and the outer wall of the catheter 1, thereby reducing the viscosity of the sputum, causing the sputum attached to the inner wall of the patient's trachea and the outer wall of the catheter 1 to gradually slide down to the bottom of the sliding tube 2, and then using the adsorption effect of the adsorption tube 5 to adsorb the sputum through the first one-way valve 501 into the piston box 9, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of expectoration and the respiratory assistance effect of the catheter 1.

[0062] A support frame 20 is fixedly bonded to the inner wall of the sliding tube 2. During the sliding process of the sliding tube 2, the support frame 20 can support the sliding tube 2 and reduce the deformation of the sliding tube 2.

[0063] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0064] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the catheter 1 is 7 mm, and the minimum inner diameter of the sliding tube 2 (the minimum distance between adjacent piston boxes 9) is 5.5 mm; thus, while ensuring that the overall device can help the patient expectorate, the patency of the respiratory passage composed of the catheter 1 and the sliding tube 2 is ensured, and further ensuring that the overall device can assist the patient in breathing.

[0065] Take Figure 1 as an example. In the initial state, the airbag 3 is in a contracted state, and the sliding tube 2 is located inside the catheter 1. At this time, the length of the respiratory passage formed by the sliding tube 2 and the catheter 1 is the shortest.

[0066] Take Figure 3 as an example. After the medical staff insert the lower end of the catheter 1 into the patient's trachea through the tracheostomy, open the control valve 801, push the push rod 19 into the catheter 1, so that the scraping ring 17 and the connecting rod 16 move to the left, and push the piston plate 15 and the piston rod 14 to slide to the left. The piston plate 15 will pump the gas in the piston box 9 into the airbag 3, causing the airbag 3 to expand, thereby fixing the catheter 1 in the patient's trachea; at the same time, the piston rod 14 will push the V-shaped rod 11 to slide to the left, and then drive the central rod 10 and the sliding tube 2 to slide to the left, thereby extending the length of the respiratory passage. The taller the patient is, the longer the trachea length is; the medical staff can adjust the pushing amount of the push rod 19 according to the patient's height, and then adjust the length of the respiratory passage.

[0067] After the catheter 1 is adjusted, start the respiratory assistance mechanism to start assisting the patient in breathing; at the same time, the medical staff can activate the atomization mechanism, thereby continuously delivering the atomized liquid to the inner wall of the patient's trachea and the outer wall of the catheter 1 through the atomization tube 18 and the atomization holes, reducing the viscosity of the sputum and facilitating subsequent discharge.

[0068] During the auxiliary process, medical staff can push and pull the push rod 19 every 1-2 hours (adjustable according to actual needs) for 3-5 minutes; during the pushing and pulling process of the push rod 19, the scraping ring 17 will push and scrape the sputum on the inner wall of the catheter 1, making it loose and gradually flowing to the support frame 20. At the same time, the V-shaped rod 11 will also continuously expand and contract, causing the elastic rod 12 to continuously knock on the sputum in the sliding tube 2, making it disperse and gradually slide to the support frame 20; at the same time, the piston plate 15 will reciprocate in the piston box 9, thereby sucking the sputum at the support frame 20, so as to clean the sputum attached to the inside of the catheter 1 and the sliding tube 2, and improve the respiratory assistance effect of the catheter 1.

[0069] When pushing and pulling the push rod 19, the medical staff holds the end of the catheter 1 outside the patient's body, further providing support for the catheter 1 and also facilitating the exertion of force; at this time, the medical staff needs to keep the control valve 801 open so that the piston plate 15 can slide normally; during the sliding process of the piston plate 15, the airbag 3 will also contract and expand intermittently, preventing the sputum on the outer wall of the catheter 1 and the inner wall of the patient's trachea from accumulating on the airbag 3 and affecting the cleaning effect. At this time, the volume of the airbag 3 changes and cannot support the catheter 1, but since the chassis 4 fixes and bonds the catheter 1 to the tracheostomy site, and at this time the medical staff holds the catheter 1 at the upper end outside the patient's body, the stability of the catheter 1 can be ensured, and the respiratory assistance work can be carried out normally.

[0070] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can effectively clean the sputum attached to the inner wall of the catheter 1, the outer wall of the catheter 1 and the patient's trachea, reduce the risk of sputum blocking the catheter 1, improve the respiratory assistance effect, and at the same time improve the comfort of the patient.

[0071] Embodiment 3:

[0072] As shown in the Figure 4 attachment, different from the above embodiment, the ends of the elastic rods 12 far from the V-shaped rod 11 are all serrated, and the preparation material of the elastic rods 12 is selected as a hydrophobic material.

[0073] The specific implementation process is as follows: during the process of the elastic rod 12 dispersing the sputum, the serrated design of the elastic rod 12 can expand the acting area of the elastic rod 12, enabling the elastic rod 12 to further disperse the sputum, reduce the viscosity of the sputum, and facilitate the subsequent adsorption of the sputum. The elastic rod 12 is made of a hydrophobic material, which can prevent the sputum from adhering to the elastic rod 12, and at the same time make the dispersed sputum located on both sides of the elastic rod 12, reducing the probability of the dispersed sputum polymerizing again.

[0074] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tracheal intubation via tracheostomy, comprising a catheter (1) and a respiratory assistance mechanism, characterized in that, A sliding tube (2) is vertically and slidably fitted to the inner wall of the lower end of the catheter (1). The lower end of the sliding tube (2) is wedge-shaped, and air holes are formed in the side wall of the lower end of the sliding tube (2). An airbag (3) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the catheter (1). A chassis (4) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the catheter (1). A resilient clamping sleeve (401) is fixedly connected to the top of the chassis (4), and buffer grooves are symmetrically formed on both sides of the clamping sleeve (401). The airbag (3) is located below the chassis (4). A connector (6) for connecting a respiratory assistance mechanism is fixedly connected to the top end of the catheter (1). An inner discharge assembly for cleaning sputum adhering to the inner wall of the catheter (1) and an outer discharge assembly for cleaning sputum adhering to the outer wall of the catheter (1) are provided in the catheter (1). A driving assembly for driving the sliding tube (2) to slide vertically in the catheter (1) is provided in the catheter (1).

2. The tracheostomy tracheal intubation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation material of the catheter (1) is selected from one of polyvinyl chloride material or PVC material. A stainless steel wire and an X-ray-impermeable barium wire are embedded and installed in the side wall of the catheter (1), and the catheter (1) is L-shaped.

3. The tracheal cannula via tracheostomy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner discharge assembly includes a central rod (10) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube (2). An elastic V-shaped rod (11) is fixedly connected to the central rod (10). Limiting blocks (13) are fixedly connected to both ends of the V-shaped rod (11) far from the central rod (10). A plurality of sliding grooves for the limiting blocks (13) to slide to both sides of the sliding tube (2) are formed in the side wall of the sliding tube (2). A plurality of limiting grooves for limiting the limiting blocks (13) are formed in the inner side wall of the catheter (1) near one end of the sliding tube (2). A plurality of elastic rods (12) for dispersing sputum are fixedly connected to the V-shaped rod (11).

4. The tracheostomy tracheal intubation according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of piston boxes (9) are embedded and installed on the catheter (1). A piston plate (15) is slidably fitted in each piston box (9). A piston rod (14) is fixedly connected to one side of each piston plate (15) close to the sliding tube (2). The piston rods (14) all extend outside the piston boxes (9) and are fixedly connected to the V-shaped rod (11). An adsorption tube (5) and a drain tube (7) are communicated with one side of each piston box (9) far from the sliding tube (2). A first one-way valve (501) for inputting sputum is communicated with the connection part of each piston box (9) and the adsorption tube (5). A second one-way valve (701) for discharging sputum is communicated with the connection part of each piston box (9) and the drain tube (7).

5. The tracheostomy tracheal intubation according to claim 4, characterized in that, An air supply tube (8) is communicated with one side of each piston box (9) close to the sliding tube (2). One end of the air supply tube (8) far from the piston box (9) is communicated with the airbag (3). A control valve (801) is communicated with the connection part of the air supply tube (8) and the piston box (9). A button for controlling the operation of the control valve (801) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the catheter (1).

6. The tracheal cannula for tracheostomy according to claim 5, characterized in that, A connecting rod (16) is fixedly connected to one side of each piston plate (15) far from the piston rod (14). A scraping ring (17) is slidably fitted in the catheter (1). The connecting rods (16) all extend outside the piston boxes (9) and are fixedly connected to the scraping ring (17). The scraping ring (17) is located on one side of the piston box (9) far from the sliding tube (2).

7. The tracheostomy tracheal intubation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving component includes a push-pull rod (19), the lower end of the push-pull rod (19) penetrates through the side wall of the conduit (1) and is in sliding fit with it, and the lower end of the push-pull rod (19) is fixedly connected to the scraping ring (17).

8. The tracheostomy tracheal intubation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer discharge component includes an atomizing mechanism and a plurality of atomizing tubes (18) communicated with the atomizing mechanism. One end of each atomizing tube (18) far from the atomizing mechanism is embedded and installed in the side wall of the conduit (1); a plurality of atomizing holes are formed in the outer side wall of the conduit (1), and one end of each atomizing tube (18) far from the atomizing mechanism is communicated with the adjacent atomizing hole.

9. The tracheostomy tracheal intubation according to claim 8, wherein, One end of the elastic rod (12) far from the V-shaped rod (11) is serrated, and the preparation material of the elastic rod (12) is a hydrophobic material.

10. The tracheostomy tracheal intubation according to claim 9, characterized in that, A support frame (20) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding tube (2), and the support frame (20) is located at one end of the adsorption tube (5) far from the first one-way valve (501); the preparation material of the support frame (20) is a hydrophilic material.

Images