Steel pipe forging equipment and forging process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel pipe forging, and discloses steel pipe forging equipment and a forging process thereof.The steel pipe forging equipment comprises a machining table, a bearing plate and a clamping forging mechanism, the bearing plate is slidably arranged at the top of the machining table, the clamping forging mechanism is assembled on the upper end face of the bearing plate, and an air cylinder is assembled on the back face of the clamping forging mechanism; the air cylinder is connected with the machining table. According to the steel pipe forging equipment and the forging process thereof, the transmission mechanism converts linear motion of the bearing plate into synchronous reciprocating motion of the suction head through a four-connecting-rod structure, it is guaranteed that the dust collection range covers the forging operation area all the time, the oxide skin removing efficiency is further improved, and the heat treatment procedure is combined with the normalizing and tempering process to optimize the material microstructure; and in the final finishing procedure, the appearance quality and the internal structure integrity of the product are comprehensively guaranteed through surface treatment and nondestructive testing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel pipe forging, and specifically to a steel pipe forging device and its forging process. Background Art

[0002] Steel pipe forging equipment and its forging process belong to the technical field of metal material forming and processing, and are mainly used to achieve the precision forming and performance enhancement of steel pipe workpieces through thermo-mechanical processing means. This process usually includes multiple processes such as heating, forging, heat treatment and finishing, and requires the coordinated operation of each system of the equipment to ensure the geometric accuracy, surface quality and stability of the internal tissue performance of the product.

[0003] However, the traditional equipment has significant defects in the aspects of scale removal and temperature control. In the early stage, most dust suction devices were connected by rigid pipes, and the position of the suction head was fixed and could not be dynamically adjusted with the forging platform, resulting in the easy accumulation of scale generated in the forging area and metal scale in dead corners, which not only increased the risk of equipment jamming, but also required frequent shutdowns for cleaning. At the same time, the conventional transmission mechanism is difficult to achieve the movement synchronization between the dust suction component and the forging platform, and the dust suction range often deviates from the actual working area, reducing the scale removal efficiency. In addition, the traditional heating process lacks precise temperature control means, and the problem of thermal stress deformation caused by uneven heating of workpieces is prominent. Moreover, the single forging mechanism has short boards such as low torque transmission accuracy and poor operation continuity, which restricts the production efficiency and the finished product rate. In the heat treatment link, the unoptimized process combination leads to limited improvement in the comprehensive mechanical properties of the material, and the lack of systematic detection means in the finishing stage makes it difficult to comprehensively guarantee the internal quality and appearance consistency of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a steel pipe forging device and its forging process to solve the technical problem that the dust suction range often deviates from the actual working area, reducing the scale removal efficiency.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme: a steel pipe forging equipment, comprising: a processing table, a load-bearing plate and a clamping forging mechanism, the load-bearing plate is slidably arranged on the top of the processing table, the clamping forging mechanism is assembled on the upper end surface of the load-bearing plate, the back of the clamping forging mechanism is equipped with a cylinder, and the cylinder is connected to the processing table, the outside of the processing table is equipped with a suction head, the air inlet of the suction head is connected with a bellows, the other end of the bellows is connected with a vacuum cleaner, and the bottom two sides of the load-bearing plate are equipped with a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism includes a vertical arm, the vertical arm is connected to the load-bearing plate, the front side of the vertical arm is connected to a connecting rod by a hinge, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to a limiting slider by a hinge, the outside of the limiting slider is connected to the suction head by a connecting rope, the outside of the limiting slider is slidably connected with a slide groove long block, and the slide groove long block is connected to the processing table.

[0008] Preferably, a bracket is installed on the back of the cylinder, and the bracket is connected to the processing table. The bracket adopts a triangular reinforced structure design, which effectively disperses the lateral stress generated when the cylinder is working, prevents deformation of the connection parts caused by long-term use, and significantly improves the operation stability of the equipment.

[0009] Preferably, the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate are connected with guide sliders, the outer sliding connection of the guide slider is with a guide rail slot block, the guide rail slot block is connected to the processing table, and the double guide mechanism is cooperated with high-precision linear bearings to control the movement trajectory deviation of the load-bearing plate within the range of ±0.05mm, while reducing the sliding friction resistance, ensuring the accuracy and smoothness of the displacement of the forging mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, guide grooves are provided at both left and right ends of the top of the processing table, and the inner cavity of the guide groove is slidably connected to the vertical arm and the connecting rod. The guide groove adopts an embedded design, which can effectively prevent metal oxide scale from entering the moving pair while limiting the lateral displacement of the transmission mechanism, thereby ensuring the long-term operation reliability of the transmission system.

[0011] Preferably, the outer sleeve of the bellows is provided with a limit clamp, and the limit clamp is connected to the processing table. The clamp is designed with multi-point fixing, which not only maintains the necessary bending flexibility of the bellows, but also prevents it from excessive deformation due to negative pressure adsorption, thereby extending the service life of the dust collection component.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping forging mechanism comprises a fixed disk, a hollow gear disk and a heating device, the inner cavity of the fixed disk is evenly inserted with forging hammers, the outside of the forging hammer is equipped with a T-shaped protrusion, the outside of the T-shaped protrusion is connected with a T-shaped protrusion, and a return spring is connected between the T-shaped protrusion and the fixed disk, the progressive clamping force provided by the return spring effectively avoids indentations on the surface of the steel pipe; the inner cavity of the hollow gear disk is evenly arranged with protrusions, the outside of the hollow gear disk is meshingly connected with a transmission gear, the front of the transmission gear is equipped with a servo motor, the bottom of the servo motor is equipped with a motor frame, the motor frame is connected to the load-bearing plate, and the gear transmission system is designed with precise tooth shape to achieve hollow The gear plate rotates smoothly with low noise, and the inner cavity of the fixed plate is connected to the heating equipment. The outer positive and negative sides of the fixed plate are sleeved with limit plates, and the outer part of the limit plate is equipped with limit legs, and the limit legs are connected to the load-bearing plate. The double limit plate structure adopts a three-point support design to effectively eliminate the influence of thermal deformation of the steel pipe on the transmission system during heating, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy; the outer part of the hollow gear plate is sleeved with a spherical bearing, and the outer part of the spherical bearing is connected to the limit legs through a fixed arm. The spherical bearing can support the hollow gear plate and does not interfere with the rotation of the hollow gear plate. The protrusion can drive the T-shaped protrusion to move through friction, and then drive the forging hammer to forge the workpiece.

[0013] A steel pipe forging process, based on the above-mentioned steel pipe forging equipment, comprises:

[0014] S1. Heating process:

[0015] The workpiece is placed in the inner cavity of the fixed plate, and the temperature is controlled in stages to 1220-1240℃ by adding hot standby.

[0016] S2. Forging process:

[0017] The servo motor is started to drive the transmission gear to reciprocate, and then the hollow gear plate is driven to rotate, and the forging hammer is driven by the convex block to squeeze the T-shaped convex rod, and the workpiece is forged by the forging hammer.

[0018] S3, through-hole process:

[0019] The plasma cutting forging center added to the outside of the processing table is used for secondary continuous rolling into small-size steel pipes.

[0020] S4. Heat treatment process:

[0021] The workpiece is normalized at 1050±20℃ and tempered at 770±10℃ through the heat treatment equipment outside the processing table.

[0022] S5, finishing process:

[0023] In S4, the heat treatment process, the workpiece that has been cooled after heating is discharged, and the surface treatment and non-destructive testing of the workpiece are carried out.

[0024] Preferably, in the S2 forging process, the upsetting ratio is 1.5 - 2.0, and the drawing forging ratio ≥ 2.2.

[0025] Preferably, in the S3 through-hole process, the processed workpiece is heated and then continuously rolled.

[0026] Preferably, in the S2 forging process, after the workpiece is processed, the dust collector is started, and the oxide scale generated during processing is collected through the bellows and the suction head.

[0027] (III) Beneficial effects

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a steel pipe forging device and its forging process, having the following beneficial effects:

[0029] For the steel pipe forging device and its forging process, the dust collection system equipped with the device uses the flexible connection of the bellows, so that the suction head can automatically adjust its position along with the movement of the bearing plate, realizing the real-time dynamic removal of the oxide scale in the forging area, effectively avoiding the accumulation of the oxide scale, reducing the risk of equipment failure. The transmission mechanism converts the linear motion of the bearing plate into the synchronous reciprocating motion of the suction head through the four-bar linkage structure, ensuring that the dust collection range always covers the forging operation area, and further improving the oxide scale removal efficiency.

[0030] For the steel pipe forging device and its forging process, the stage-controlled temperature heating process ensures that the workpiece is uniformly heated, reducing thermal stress deformation. The reciprocating forging mechanism driven by the servo motor realizes accurate torque transmission through gear transmission, improving the forging accuracy and efficiency. The heat treatment process combines normalizing and tempering processes to optimize the microstructure of the material, enhancing the comprehensive mechanical properties of the workpiece. The final finishing process through surface treatment and non-destructive testing comprehensively guarantees the appearance quality and internal structure integrity of the product. Description of the drawings

[0031] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a plan view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is an external schematic diagram of the processing table of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is an external schematic diagram of the clamping forging mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is an external schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1, processing table; 11, guiding groove; 2, load-bearing plate; 21, guiding slider; 22, guiding slide rail groove block; 3, clamping forging mechanism; 31, fixed disk; 32, forging hammer head; 33, T-shaped convex rod; 34, return spring; 35, hollow gear disk; 36, convex block; 37, spherical bearing; 38, limiting support leg; 39, transmission gear; 310, servo motor; 311, motor bracket; 4, air cylinder; 41, bracket; 5, suction head; 51, corrugated pipe; 52, vacuum cleaner; 53, limiting clamp; 6, transmission mechanism; 61, vertical arm; 62, connecting rod; 63, limiting slider; 64, long chute block. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention provides a technical solution. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a steel pipe forging device, including: a processing table 1, a load-bearing plate 2 and a clamping forging mechanism 3. The load-bearing plate 2 is slidably arranged on the top of the processing table 1, and the clamping forging mechanism 3 is assembled on the upper end surface of the load-bearing plate 2. A plasma cutting forging blank center and heat treatment equipment can also be installed on the top of the processing table 1. A cylinder 4 is assembled on the back of the clamping forging mechanism 3, and the cylinder 4 is connected to the processing table 1. Through the telescopic drive of the cylinder, automatic displacement control of the load-bearing plate 2 can be realized, significantly improving the adaptability of the device to the processing of steel pipes of different lengths, and ensuring a smooth and impact-free displacement process at the same time.

[0039] A suction head 5 is assembled outside the processing table 1. The air inlet of the suction head 5 is communicated with a corrugated pipe 51, and the other end of the corrugated pipe 51 is communicated with a vacuum cleaner 52. Through the flexible connection characteristics of the corrugated pipe 51, the position of the suction head can be automatically adjusted along with the movement of the load-bearing plate 2, realizing the real-time dynamic cleaning of the scale in the forging area, and effectively avoiding the risk of equipment failure caused by the accumulation of metal dust.

[0040] On both sides of the bottom of the load-bearing plate 2, a transmission mechanism 6 is assembled. The transmission mechanism 6 includes a vertical arm 61, the vertical arm 61 is connected to the load-bearing plate 2, a connecting rod 62 is connected to the front of the vertical arm 61 through a hinge, the other end of the connecting rod 62 is connected to a limiting slider 63 through a hinge, the outside of the limiting slider 63 is connected to the suction head 5 through a connecting rope, and a sliding groove long block 64 is slidably connected to the outside of the limiting slider 63. The sliding groove long block 64 is connected to the processing table 1. This four-link 62 transmission structure converts the linear motion of the load-bearing plate 2 into the synchronous reciprocating motion of the suction head through the precise cooperation of the slider and the sliding groove, ensuring that the dust suction range always covers the forging operation area.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a bracket 41 is assembled on the back of the cylinder 4, the bracket 41 is connected to the processing table 1. The bracket 41 adopts a triangular strengthening structure design, effectively dispersing the lateral stress generated during the operation of the cylinder, preventing deformation of the connection part caused by long-term use, and significantly improving the operation stability of the equipment.

[0042] Guide sliders 21 are connected to both the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate 2. A guide rail groove block 22 is slidably connected to the outside of the guide slider 21. The guide rail groove block 22 is connected to the processing table 1. This double-guide mechanism controls the deviation of the movement trajectory of the load-bearing plate 2 within the range of ±0.05 mm through the cooperation of high-precision linear bearings, while reducing the sliding friction resistance, ensuring the accuracy and smoothness of the displacement of the forging mechanism.

[0043] Guide grooves 11 are opened at both the left and right ends of the top of the processing table 1. The inner cavity of the guide groove 11 is slidably connected to the vertical arm 61 and the connecting rod 62. The guide groove 11 adopts an embedded design, which restricts the lateral displacement of the transmission mechanism 6 while effectively preventing metal oxide scales from entering the kinematic pair, ensuring the reliability of the long-term operation of the transmission system.

[0044] A limit clamp 53 is sleeved on the outside of the corrugated pipe 51. The limit clamp 53 is connected to the processing table 1. This clamp is designed with multi-point fixation, which not only maintains the necessary bending flexibility of the corrugated pipe 51 but also prevents excessive deformation caused by negative pressure adsorption, extending the service life of the dust suction component.

[0045] The clamping forging mechanism 3 includes a fixed disk 31, a hollow gear disk 35 and a heating device. Forging hammers 32 are evenly inserted into the inner cavity of the fixed disk 31. A T-shaped convex rod 33 is assembled on the outside of the forging hammer 32. A T-shaped convex rod 33 is connected to the outside of the T-shaped convex rod 33, and a return spring 34 is connected between the T-shaped convex rod 33 and the fixed disk 31. The progressive clamping force provided by the return spring 34 effectively avoids generating indentations on the surface of the steel pipe.

[0046] The inner cavity of the hollow gear disk 35 is evenly distributed with bumps 36, and the outer part of the hollow gear disk 35 is meshedly connected with a transmission gear 39. The front of the transmission gear 39 is equipped with a servo motor 310, and the bottom of the servo motor 310 is equipped with a motor frame 311, and the motor frame 311 is connected to the load-bearing plate 2. The gear transmission system realizes low-noise and smooth rotation of the hollow gear disk 35 through precise tooth design. The inner cavity of the fixed disk 31 is connected to the heating equipment, and the outer positive and negative sides of the fixed disk 31 are both sleeved with limit disks. The outer part of the limit disk is equipped with limit legs 38, and the limit legs 38 are connected to the load-bearing plate 2. The double limit disk structure is designed with three-point support, which effectively eliminates the influence of thermal deformation of the steel pipe on the transmission system during heating and ensures processing accuracy.

[0047] A spherical bearing 37 is sleeved on the outside of the hollow gear disk 35, and the outside of the spherical bearing 37 is connected to the limit leg 38 through a fixed arm. The spherical bearing 37 can support the hollow gear disk 35 and does not interfere with the rotation of the hollow gear disk 35. The protrusion 36 can drive the T-shaped protrusion 33 to move by friction, and then drive the forging hammer head 32 to forge the workpiece.

[0048] A steel pipe forging process, based on the above-mentioned steel pipe forging equipment, comprises:

[0049] S1. Heating process:

[0050] The workpiece is placed in the inner cavity of the fixed plate 31, and the temperature is controlled to 1220-1240°C in stages by adding a hot standby.

[0051] S2. Forging process:

[0052] The servo motor 310 is started to drive the transmission gear 39 to reciprocate, and then the hollow gear plate 35 is driven to rotate, and the forging hammer 32 is driven by the protrusion 36 to squeeze the T-shaped protrusion 33, and the forging hammer 32 is used to forge the workpiece.

[0053] S3, through-hole process:

[0054] The plasma cutting forging center is added outside the processing table 1 to carry out secondary continuous rolling into a small-size steel pipe.

[0055] S4. Heat treatment process:

[0056] The workpiece is subjected to normalizing at 1050±20°C and tempering at 770±10°C by heat treatment equipment outside the processing table 1.

[0057] S5, finishing process:

[0058] The workpieces that have been heated and then cooled in the heat treatment process S4 are unloaded, and the workpieces are subjected to surface treatment and non-destructive testing.

[0059] In S2, in the forging process, the upsetting ratio is 1.5 - 2.0, and the drawing forging ratio ≥ 2.2.

[0060] In S3, in the through - hole process, the processed workpiece is heated and then subjected to continuous rolling.

[0061] In S2, after the workpiece is processed in the forging process, the dust collector 52 is started to collect the scale generated during processing through the corrugated pipe 51 and the suction head 5.

[0062] In this solution, the workpiece is placed in the inner cavity of the fixed plate 31, and a temperature control device is added to control the temperature in stages. The servo motor 310 is started to drive the transmission gear 39 to rotate reciprocally, and then drive the hollow gear disc 35 to rotate. The forging hammer head 32 is driven by the projection 36 to extrude the T - shaped projection rod 33, and the workpiece is forged by the forging hammer head 32. After the workpiece is processed, the dust collector 52 is started to collect the scale generated during processing through the corrugated pipe 51 and the suction head 5. The air cylinder 4 is driven to drive the bearing plate 2 to move, and the scale outside the bearing plate 2 is shaken off by vibration to improve the collection effect of the suction head 5 on the scale. At the same time, the vertical arm 61 is driven to drive the connecting rod 62 to transmit, and then drive the limiting slider 63 to move up and down. The angle of the suction head 5 is changed by pulling the connecting rope to increase the collection range of the suction head 5. At the same time, the scale on the top of the bearing plate 2 is driven by suction to prevent the scale from staying on the top of the bearing plate 2.

[0063] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A steel pipe forging device, comprising: A processing table (1), a load-bearing plate (2) and a clamping and forging mechanism (3). The load-bearing plate (2) is slidably arranged on the top of the processing table (1), and the clamping and forging mechanism (3) is assembled on the upper end surface of the load-bearing plate (2). It is characterized in that: a cylinder (4) is assembled on the back surface of the clamping and forging mechanism (3), and the cylinder (4) is connected to the processing table (1). A suction head (5) is assembled outside the processing table (1). The air inlet of the suction head (5) is communicated with a corrugated pipe (51), and the other end of the corrugated pipe (51) is communicated with a vacuum cleaner (52). Transmission mechanisms (6) are assembled on both sides of the bottom of the load-bearing plate (2). The transmission mechanism (6) includes a vertical arm (61), and the vertical arm (61) is connected to the load-bearing plate (2). A connecting rod (62) is connected to the front surface of the vertical arm (61) through a hinge. The other end of the connecting rod (62) is connected to a limiting slider (63) through a hinge. The outside of the limiting slider (63) is connected to the suction head (5) through a connecting rope. The outside of the limiting slider (63) is slidably connected to a chute long block (64), and the chute long block (64) is connected to the processing table (1).

2. A steel pipe forging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket (41) is assembled on the back surface of the cylinder (4), and the bracket (41) is connected to the processing table (1).

3. A steel pipe forging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide sliders (21) are connected to both the left and right sides of the load-bearing plate (2). The outside of the guide sliders (21) is slidably connected to a guide rail groove block (22), and the guide rail groove block (22) is connected to the processing table (1).

4. A steel pipe forging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide grooves (11) are opened at both the left and right ends of the top of the processing table (1). The inner cavity of the guide grooves (11) is slidably connected to the vertical arm (61) and the connecting rod (62).

5. A steel pipe forging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit clamp (53) is sleeved outside the corrugated pipe (51), and the limit clamp (53) is connected to the processing table (1).

6. The steel pipe forging equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping forging mechanism (3) includes a fixed disk (31), a hollow gear disk (35) and a heating device. The inner cavity of the fixed disk (31) is evenly inserted with forging hammers (32). The outside of the forging hammers (32) is equipped with T-shaped convex rods (33). The outside of the T-shaped convex rods (33) is connected with T-shaped convex rods (33), and a return spring (34) is connected between the T-shaped convex rods (33) and the fixed disk (31). The inner cavity of the hollow gear disk (35) is evenly provided with bumps (36). The outside of the hollow gear disk (35) is meshed and connected with a transmission gear (39). The front of the transmission gear (39) is equipped with a servo motor (310). The bottom of the servo motor (310) is equipped with a motor bracket (311). The motor bracket (311) is connected with the load-bearing plate (2). The inner cavity of the fixed disk (31) is connected with the heating device. The positive and negative sides of the outside of the fixed disk (31) are both sleeved with limit disks. The outside of the limit disks is equipped with limit support legs (38). The limit support legs (38) are connected with the load-bearing plate (2). The outside of the hollow gear disk (35) is sleeved with a spherical bearing (37). The outside of the spherical bearing (37) is connected with the limit support legs (38) through a fixed arm.

7. A steel pipe forging process, based on a steel pipe forging device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Comprising: S1. Heating process: Place the workpiece in the inner cavity of the fixed disk (31), and use the heating equipment to control the temperature in stages to 1220 - 1240 °C. S2. Forging process: Start the servo motor (310) to drive the transmission gear (39) to rotate reciprocally, and then drive the hollow gear disk (35) to rotate. Extrude the T-shaped convex rods (33) through the bumps (36) to drive the forging hammers (32), and use the forging hammers (32) to forge the workpiece. S3. Through-hole process: Use the plasma cutting at the center of the forging blank added outside the processing table (1) to perform secondary continuous rolling into small-sized steel pipes. S4. Heat treatment process: Use the heat treatment equipment outside the processing table (1) to perform normalizing on the workpiece at 1050 ± 20 °C + tempering at 770 ± 10 °C. S5. Finishing process: Discharge the workpiece that has been cooled after heating in the S4. Heat treatment process, and perform surface treatment and non-destructive testing on the workpiece.

8. A steel pipe forging process according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S2. Forging process, the upsetting ratio is 1.5 - 2.0, and the drawing forging ratio ≥ 2.

2.

9. A steel pipe forging process according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S3. Through-hole process, heat the processed workpiece and then perform continuous rolling processing.

10. A steel pipe forging process according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S2. Forging process, after the workpiece is processed, start the vacuum cleaner (52) to collect the scale generated during processing through the corrugated pipe (51) and the suction head (5).

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