Method for guaranteeing boring position degree of machining center

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for guaranteeing the boring position degree of a machining center, and relates to the field of machining, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, measuring a workpiece by using a contact type high-precision probe to obtain initial position data; s2, processing the measurement data through a specific program, and determining an initial coordinate model of the workpiece; s3, adjusting the position and motion parameters of the boring cutter in real time according to the compensation value calculated by the program; and S4, through an error monitoring and control module, it is ensured that the boring position degree is within an allowable range. A contact type high-precision probe is used for measuring a workpiece, initial position data are obtained, the measured data are processed through a specific program, and an initial coordinate model of the workpiece is determined. According to the compensation value calculated by the program, the position and motion parameters of the boring cutter are adjusted in real time, and it is ensured that the boring position degree is within the allowable range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machining, and more specifically, it relates to a method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes in a machining center. Background Art

[0002] In the field of boring operations in a machining center, ensuring high-precision position accuracy of boring holes is crucial. During the actual machining process, there are many factors affecting the boring accuracy, among which the problems of the incoming materials are particularly prominent.

[0003] The inaccurate position accuracy of the incoming materials is the key problem currently faced. In the production process, due to the error accumulation in the upstream machining process or the shape deviation of the raw materials themselves, when the workpiece enters the boring machining process, there are obvious deviations in its initial position accuracy. These deviation sources are diverse. For example, in the casting or forging process, due to factors such as the accuracy of the mold and the instability of the forming process, position deviations may occur in the key positioning features such as the reference surface and reference hole of the workpiece. In the early processes of machining, such as cutting and rough machining, if the machining equipment accuracy is insufficient or the machining parameters are unreasonable, it will further increase the position accuracy error of the workpiece. In addition, during the transportation and storage of the workpiece, due to improper operations, the influence of the external environment, etc., the workpiece may undergo minor deformation or displacement, which will also affect its initial position accuracy. This situation of inaccurate position accuracy of the incoming materials poses great challenges to boring machining.

[0004] Existing technical means, especially when using a contact probe for pre-machining measurement in high-precision boring machining, lack an effective program-based measurement analysis and path planning mechanism, and cannot accurately evaluate and correct the position accuracy deviation problem of the incoming materials before machining. This leads to the situation that during the boring machining process, even if the accuracy of the machine tool itself is high and the tool state is good, it may still be unable to meet the high-precision requirements of the boring hole position accuracy due to the problems of the incoming materials, thus seriously affecting the accuracy of the entire machining process and reducing the product quality and assembly performance.

[0005] Therefore, a new solution needs to be proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes in a machining center.

[0007] The above technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes in a machining center, including the following steps: S1: Use a high-precision probe to obtain the initial position Cartesian coordinate information (Xm1, Ym1) of the workpiece to be machined; S2: Calculate the initial deviation of the position accuracy of the boring hole to be machined, including the following steps: a. Calculate the initial deviation value Xa in the X direction and the initial deviation value Ya in the Y direction of the boring hole to be machined. The calculation formulas are: Xa = ABS(Xm1 - Xt1), Ya = ABS(Ym1 - Yt1), where (Xm1, Ym1) is the initial coordinate of the workpiece to be machined, (Xt1, Yt1) is the coordinate of the boring hole to be machined, and ABS is the absolute value operation; b. Based on the deviation values in the X direction and the Y direction, calculate the angle ɵ of the position deviation. The calculation formula is: ɵ = ATAN[Xa / Ya], where ATAN represents the arctangent operation; S3: Based on the angle ɵ calculated in S2, determine the position compensation amounts (Xb, Yb) in the X direction and the Y direction; S4: Update the control variables (Xa’, Ya’), and adjust the position and motion parameters of the boring tool in real time; S5: Process the motion parameters of the boring tool through a specific program, set the judgment mechanism and stability control, and judge whether the position deviation of the boring hole after compensation is within the allowable range.

[0008] The present invention is further configured that: in step S1, the high-precision probe is a probe equipped with an infrared measurement function, and the material of its detection head includes ruby.

[0009] The present invention is further configured that: in step S3, the position compensation value calculation method is: Xb = SIN(ɵ) * S, Yb = COS(ɵ) * S, where S represents the distance between two theoretical positions.

[0010] The present invention is further configured that: in step S4, the formula for updating the control variables is Xa’ = Xa - Xb and Ya’ = Ya - Yb; the position of the boring tool includes the feed amounts of the tool in the X and Y directions, and the motion parameters of the boring tool include the rotation speed of its main shaft.

[0011] The present invention is further configured that: in step S5, the specific program includes an error threshold judgment mechanism. If ABS[Xa’] > M, a prompt and an alarm signal including X out-of-tolerance are issued. If ABS[Ya’] > N, a prompt and an alarm signal including Y out-of-tolerance information are issued, where M and N are the thresholds set by the program; The specific program includes a stable state control mechanism. When ABS[Xa’] < M and ABS[Ya’] < N, that is, when the absolute values of the position deviations of the boring hole after compensation in the X and Y directions are both less than the set threshold, the program determines that the position degree of the boring hole is in a stable state, and continues to execute the subsequent machining operations.

[0012] A boring tooling for a machining center, including tooling parts, and a precision keyway hole is provided on the tooling parts as the reference axis of the tooling; The part mounting grooves radiate outward at a certain angle with the precision keyway hole as the axis, and two symmetrical left and right parts can be respectively installed in each groove. The tooling parts are connected to the general tooling plate through quick-release bolts.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as: at least two precision keyway holes are provided, and the tooling parts take the machined precision keyway holes as the axis and are supplemented with bolt pressing plates to ensure the accurate placement of the parts before the boring process.

[0014] The present invention is further configured as: the general tooling plate adopts a specification with a spacing of 50×50mm, and the bolts adopt M12 bolts.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By precisely measuring the workpiece with a contact high-precision probe and processing the measurement data in combination with a specific program, the initial deviation of the boring position accuracy can be accurately calculated, and the position and movement parameters of the boring tool can be adjusted in real time to ensure that the boring position accuracy strictly meets the accuracy requirements. At the same time, the error monitoring and control module based on the program can judge in real time whether the compensated boring position deviation is within the allowable range. If it exceeds the threshold, an alarm will be triggered and the error information will be output, effectively avoiding the problem of over-tolerance of the boring position accuracy caused by incoming material problems or processing errors.

[0016] 2. By setting multiple mounting grooves and each groove can respectively install two symmetrical left and right parts, the generalization of the tooling is realized. The tooling is connected to the general tooling plate through quick-release bolts, making the installation and disassembly of the tooling more convenient and significantly improving the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for ensuring the boring position accuracy of a machining center provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the boring tooling in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic installation diagram during the boring process of the boring tooling and parts in the present invention.

[0019] The realization, functional characteristics and advantages of the object of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that for those conditions not specified in the embodiments, they shall be carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. For the reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, or solution B, or the solution where A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0022] This embodiment provides a method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes on a machining center. The specific implementation steps are as follows: Step S0: Workpiece installation and initial positioning: Place the workpiece to be machined on the workbench of the machining center and fix it using a multi-purpose boring tooling. The tooling takes a precision keyway hole as the axis and radiates three part installation slots outward. Each slot can install two symmetrical left and right parts respectively. The operator only needs to identify the part to be machined and lean it against the tooling to achieve preliminary positioning, ensuring that the workpiece will not slip or deflect during the machining process. Connect the tooling to the general tooling plate through quick-release bolts. The general tooling plate uses M12 bolt holes with a spacing of 50×50 mm as the positioning / fixing holes to ensure firm installation and convenient disassembly of the tooling.

[0023] Step S1: Use a high-precision probe to obtain the initial position Cartesian coordinate information of the workpiece to be machined: Start the machining center, and the contact high-precision probe begins to comprehensively measure the workpiece. Specifically, the high-precision probe is a probe equipped with an infrared measurement function. The probe performs high-precision detection around the theoretical position of the boring hole. Its contact head contacts the workpiece to accurately obtain a large number of data points. Further, the probe material includes ruby, which is not easily worn and can extend the service life of the probe. The probe measurement data includes the actual coordinate values of the workpiece in the X and Y directions (such as Xm1, Ym1, Xm2, Ym2, etc.), and transmits the data to the control system.

[0024] Step S2: Program-Driven Initial Position Determination and Deviation Calculation: After the control system receives the probe measurement data, it processes the data through a specific program to calculate the initial deviation of the boring hole position accuracy. Calculate #2 = [ABS[#5221] - ABS[#5241]], where #5221 and #5241 are the absolute values of the deviations of the first and second boring holes measured by the probe in the X direction respectively, that is, #2 is Xa, #5221 is Xm1, and #5241 is Xt1. Calculate #3 = [ABS[#5222] - ABS[#5242]], where #5222 and #5242 are the absolute values of the deviations of the first and second boring holes measured by the probe in the Y direction respectively, that is, #3 is Ya, #5222 is Ym1, and #5242 is Yt1. Based on the values of #2 and #3, calculate #4 = ATAN[#2 / #3] through the program to convert the difference in position deviation in the Cartesian coordinate system into angle information, that is, #4 is the angle ɵ of the position deviation.

[0025] Step S3: Compensation Value Calculation and Real-Time Adjustment: According to the value of #4, calculate the compensation values #11 = SIN[#4] * #1 and #13 = COS[#4]* #1, where #1 is the distance between the theoretical positions of the two holes, that is, #1 is S, #11 is Xb, and #13 is Yb. Calculate #14 = #2 - #11 and #15 = #3 - #13 through the program, and update the values of #14 and #15 to the control variables, that is, #14 is Xa’, and #15 is Ya’. The control system adjusts the position and motion parameters of the boring tool in real time according to the compensation values, including precisely adjusting the feed rate of the tool in the X and Y directions, the spindle speed, etc., to ensure that the boring hole position accuracy strictly meets the accuracy requirements.

[0026] Step S4: Error Monitoring and Control: Set an error threshold judgment mechanism in the program. The specific program includes an error threshold judgment mechanism. If ABS[#14]>M, a prompt and an alarm signal including X out-of-tolerance are issued. If ABS[#15]>N, a prompt and an alarm signal including Y out-of-tolerance information are issued; The specific program also includes a steady-state control mechanism. When ABS[#14]<M and ABS[#15]<N, that is, when the absolute values of the boring hole position deviations in the X and Y directions after compensation are both less than the set threshold, the program determines that the boring hole position accuracy is in a steady state and continues to execute the subsequent machining operations. Among them, M and N are the thresholds set by the program, and M and N can be adjusted according to the machining accuracy requirements of the parts. When the part accuracy requirements are high, M and N can be 0.1 or 0.01.

[0027] Step S5: Boring process and result verification: After completing the above preparations, start the boring process. The control system intelligently adjusts the position and motion parameters of the tool based on the initial deviation information and compensation value to ensure that the boring position strictly meets the accuracy requirements. After the processing is completed, the boring position is re-measured using a contact high-precision probe to verify whether the processing accuracy meets the design requirements. Example 2

[0028] This embodiment provides a specific implementation of a multi-purpose boring tool: 1. Tooling structure design: The tooling uses the precision keyway hole as the axis, and radiates three parts installation slots outward. Each slot can be used to install two symmetrical left and right parts. The tooling part slot uses the straight edge of the part as the outline. The operator only needs to identify the part to be processed and place it against the tooling to achieve preliminary positioning, reducing the clamping and positioning errors caused by the operation steps.

[0029] 2. Installation and fixation of tooling: The tooling is connected to the universal tooling plate through quick-release bolts. The universal tooling plate uses M12 bolt holes with a spacing of 50×50mm as positioning / fixing holes, so that the entire boring tooling can be easily fixed and removed. The tooling uses the processed precision keyway hole as the axis, supplemented by a bolted pressure plate, to ensure that the parts are accurately placed before the boring process, and there will be no slippage and deflection during the processing.

[0030] 3. Effect of tooling: The tooling realizes the function of processing six different splines with one tooling plate, significantly reducing the number of tools, and reducing the cost and complexity of tooling design and manufacturing. The dual universal design of the tooling (universalization of the tooling and the tooling plate) greatly improves the convenience of front-line personnel, while taking into account the error-proofing and fool-proofing functions of parts, and presets a better environment for the operation of the boring process.

[0031] Beneficial effects: Through the above specific implementation, the present invention achieves the following effects: 1. High-precision boring position assurance: Through contact high-precision probe measurement and programmed compensation adjustment, the boring position accuracy is significantly improved, and the deviation is controlled within 0.1mm.

[0032] 2. Improved processing efficiency: The use of multi-purpose boring tooling reduces clamping time, and the universal design of the tooling significantly reduces the number of tooling and manufacturing costs.

[0033] 3. Enhanced processing stability: The error monitoring and control module based on the program can judge the position deviation of the boring hole in real time, ensuring the stability and reliability of the processing process. Moreover, the boring hole position after judgment and compensation is more accurate. Since boring is a precision machining process, the cutting amount of the boring hole cannot be too large. If it exceeds a certain value, it will also affect the processing stability and accuracy of the tool. Through the above settings, the stability of the tool during use is also ensured.

[0034] 4. Strong adaptability: The present invention can adapt to various incoming material situations and processing scenarios, meeting the diverse requirements of high-precision boring machining.

[0035] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes on a machining center, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Use a high-precision probe to obtain the initial position Cartesian coordinate information (Xm1, Ym1) of the workpiece to be processed; S2: Calculate the initial deviation of the position degree of the borehole to be processed, including the following steps: a. Calculate the initial deviation value Xa in the X direction and the initial deviation value Ya in the Y direction of the borehole to be processed. The calculation formula is: Xa = ABS(Xm1 - Xt1), Ya = ABS(Ym1 - Yt1), where (Xm1, Ym1) is the initial coordinate of the workpiece to be processed, (Xt1, Yt1) is the coordinate of the borehole to be processed, and ABS is the absolute value operation; b. Based on the deviation values in the X direction and the Y direction, calculate the angle ɵ of the position deviation. The calculation formula is: ɵ = ATAN[Xa / Ya], where ATAN represents the arctangent operation; S3: Based on the angle ɵ calculated in S2, determine the position compensation amounts (Xb, Yb) in the X direction and the Y direction; S4: Update the control variables (Xa’, Ya’), and adjust the position and motion parameters of the boring tool in real time; S5: Process the motion parameters of the boring tool through a specific program, set a judgment mechanism and stable control, and judge whether the position deviation of the borehole after compensation is within the allowable range.

2. A method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes on a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the high-precision probe is a probe equipped with an infrared measurement function, and the material of its detection head includes ruby.

3. A method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes on a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the position compensation value calculation method is: Xb = SIN(ɵ) * S, Yb = COS(ɵ) * S, where S represents the distance between two theoretical positions.

4. A method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes on a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the formula for updating the control variables is Xa’ = Xa - Xb and Ya’ = Ya - Yb; the position of the boring tool includes the feed amounts of the tool in the X and Y directions, and the motion parameters of the boring tool include the rotation speed of its main shaft.

5. A method for ensuring the position accuracy of boring holes on a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the specific program includes an error threshold judgment mechanism. If ABS[Xa’] > M, a prompt and an alarm signal including X out-of-tolerance are issued. If ABS[Ya’] > N, a prompt and an alarm signal including Y out-of-tolerance information are issued, where M and N are the thresholds set by the program; The specific program includes a stable state control mechanism. When ABS[Xa’] < M and ABS[Ya’] < N, that is, when the absolute values of the position deviations of the borehole after compensation in the X and Y directions are both less than the set threshold, the program determines that the position degree of the borehole is in a stable state and continues to execute the subsequent processing operations.

6. A boring tooling for a machining center for implementing the method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes a tooling part, and a precision keyway hole is provided on the tooling part as the reference shaft of the tooling; A part installation groove radiates outward at a certain angle with the precision keyway hole as the axis, and each groove can install two symmetrical left and right parts respectively; The tooling part is connected to the general tooling plate through quick-release bolts.

7. The boring tooling for a machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least two precision keyway holes are provided. The tooling part uses the processed precision keyway holes as the axis and is supplemented with bolt pressing plates to ensure the precise placement of the parts before the boring process.

8. The boring tooling for a machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The general tooling plate adopts a specification with a spacing of 50×50mm, and the bolts adopt M12 bolts.

Images