Multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precision grinding, in particular to a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinder which comprises a z-axis moving module, an x-axis moving module and a y-axis moving module, a cross beam component moves on a y-axis guide rail in the y-axis direction through a cross beam sliding block, and a spindle box component moves in the z-axis direction along the z-axis guide rail through a first sliding block set. The saddle component drives the spindle box component to move in the x-axis direction along the x-axis guide rail through the second sliding block set. The z-axis moving module comprises a saddle component and a spindle box component, the spindle box component comprises a grinding rotating shaft and a grinding head connected with the grinding rotating shaft, the y-axis moving module comprises a stand column component, a cooling device, a grinding disc and a clamping component, and the clamping component comprises a conveying platform and a plurality of conveying tongs. A workpiece to be ground is conveyed to the grinding disc to be ground under the driving of rotation of the conveying platform after being put into the conveying gripper; according to the multi-directional grinding device, a plurality of workpieces are simultaneously ground in multiple directions through the guide rail arranged in the three-dimensional direction and the plurality of conveying grippers of the clamping component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of precision grinding, and particularly to a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the manufacturing of advanced optoelectronic products is rapidly developing towards high precision, high performance, high integration and high reliability, posing unprecedented high requirements for the local flatness and global flatness of the surfaces of many optoelectronic product components. As a super-precision machining method, ultra-precision surface grinding can well meet the machining requirements of these products with high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness. Whether it is mechanical grinding, chemical grinding, or global planar chemical mechanical polishing technology, etc., high-precision and high-rigidity ultra-precision grinding and polishing machines are required to achieve high-efficiency machining.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN110394705A discloses a precision grinding machine, including a machine base, a clamping mechanism, a moving mechanism, a frame, and support legs fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame, which are arranged inside the machine base. The machine base includes a left side plate, a right side plate, and a baffle fixed between the left and right side plates. The baffle is located at the rear end of the side plates. A top plate is welded between the two side plates and at the top thereof. The inner end faces of the left side plate and the right side plate are both provided with front and rear chutes, which are arranged along the length direction of the side plates. The front end faces of the left side plate and the right side plate are both provided with threaded holes, and threaded columns are threadedly connected in the threaded holes. A retaining strip is threadedly connected to the threaded columns. Thus, the following problems exist in the precision grinding machine:

[0004] The existing device only has one station, and the number of workpieces processed and ground each time is limited, resulting in low processing efficiency. Moreover, it cannot move in multiple directions with multiple spindles, and it is necessary to manually adjust the pressure exerted by the grinding machine on the parts, with poor flexibility and low grinding accuracy;

[0005] During the grinding process, the grinding machine may generate thermal deformation, resulting in errors in the axial position. Moreover, the thermal deformation amounts at different positions are different, seriously affecting the grinding accuracy and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine to overcome the problems in the prior art that the number of workpieces processed and ground by the existing device is limited, and the grinding machine may generate thermal deformation during the grinding process, resulting in errors in the axial position, and the thermal deformation amounts at different positions are different, seriously affecting the grinding accuracy and efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine, including:

[0008] A grinding head positioning and driving unit, used to position and move a grinding head capable of grinding workpieces and drive the grinding head to rotate for grinding;

[0009] A detection unit, which includes a pressure sensor and a plurality of temperature sensors. Each of the temperature sensors is arranged at different positions of the grinding head positioning and driving unit, and can perform real-time rotating shaft temperature detection on each detection point of the grinding head positioning and driving unit.

[0010] A determination unit, which determines the temperature grade of the rotating shaft temperature according to the temperature detection data of the detection unit, sets the evaluation criteria for determining the thermal deformation degree according to the weights of the rotating shaft or the lead screw, and determines the thermal deformation degree of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw according to the thermal deformation error; determines whether the grinding deviation is within the normal range according to the deviation difference, and calls back the determination criteria for the temperature grade of the rotating shaft temperature.

[0011] An analysis unit, which calculates the thermal deformation error according to the rotating shaft temperature, judges the situation of the grinding deviation direction according to the thermal deformation degree of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw, judges the specific situation of the deviation according to the grinding coordinates, and judges whether the grinding pressure exceeds the normal range, and adopts different adjustment schemes according to the situation of the grinding deviation direction; calculates the deviation difference between the feed amount of the grinding head and the corresponding standard value of the grinding depth, and judges the working state of the current grinding machine according to the number of lead screws in the second thermal deformation degree.

[0012] A control unit, which adjusts the feed speed in different directions according to the specific situation of the deviation, adjusts the motor speed according to the working state of the grinding machine, and adjusts the grinding depth according to the ratio of the standard pressure to the grinding pressure.

[0013] Further, the grinding head positioning and driving unit includes a y-axis moving module, an x-axis moving module and a z-axis moving module. The y-axis moving module is cross-connected with the x-axis moving module and is located on the top of the y-axis moving module.

[0014] The y-axis moving module includes

[0015] A column component, which is divided into a main frame and an internal frame. The main frame is of a concave structure and is composed of a base and two side wall bodies vertically connected to both sides of the base respectively; the internal frame is arranged in the main frame and is of a square structure.

[0016] A y-axis guide rail, which is located on the tops of the two side wall bodies of the internal frame and the main frame.

[0017] A y-axis lead screw, which is located on the top of the internal frame and is between the y-axis guide rails.

[0018] The x-axis moving module includes

[0019] A cross beam component, which is located on the top of the internal frame and is arranged on the y-axis guide rails.

[0020] The x-axis guide rail is arranged on the top and the front of the crossbeam component;

[0021] The x-axis lead screw is located on the front of the crossbeam component and is arranged between the x-axis guide rails on the front of the crossbeam component;

[0022] The z-axis moving module includes,

[0023] The saddle component, which is in a T-shaped structure and is arranged on the front and the top of the crossbeam component;

[0024] The headstock component is connected to the saddle component;

[0025] The z-axis guide rail is located between the headstock component and the saddle component;

[0026] The z-axis lead screw is arranged inside the saddle component.

[0027] The headstock component includes,

[0028] The grinding rotating shaft is located inside the headstock component;

[0029] The grinding head is located at the bottom of the headstock component and is connected to the grinding rotating shaft;

[0030] The y-axis moving module further includes,

[0031] The clamping component is located inside the inner frame. The clamping component includes a conveying platform and a plurality of conveying grippers arranged on the periphery of the conveying platform;

[0032] The clamping component conveys the workpiece to above the grinding disc at an initial conveying speed for grinding;

[0033] The cooling device includes a first cooler, a second cooler and a grinding platform. The first cooler and the second cooler are arranged on the base of the main frame and are respectively located in front of the two side walls. The grinding platform is located between the first cooler and the second cooler;

[0034] The grinding disc is placed on the grinding platform of the cooling device and is located in the middle of the first cooler and the second cooler.

[0035] Further, during the grinding process, the detection unit real-time senses the temperatures of a plurality of rotating shafts on the grinding rotating shaft and the three lead screws, and the determination unit compares the temperatures of the plurality of rotating shafts with the standard temperature,

[0036] If the temperature of any rotating shaft is less than or equal to the standard temperature, the determination unit determines that the rotating shaft temperature is at the first temperature level;

[0037] If the temperature of any rotating shaft is greater than the standard temperature, the determination unit determines that the rotating shaft temperature is at the second temperature level;

[0038] Wherein, the standard temperature is a preset value set according to the historical data of the temperatures of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw.

[0039] Further, when the rotating shaft temperature is at the second temperature level, the analysis unit calculates the thermal deformation error according to the rotating shaft temperature, and compares the thermal deformation error with the standard error.

[0040] If the thermal deformation error is less than the standard error, the determination unit determines that the corresponding grinding rotating shaft or lead screw is at the first thermal deformation degree;

[0041] If the thermal deformation error is greater than or equal to the standard error, the determination unit determines that the corresponding grinding rotating shaft or lead screw is at the second thermal deformation degree, and a grinding deviation occurs during the grinding process, and the analysis unit determines the orientation of the grinding deviation;

[0042] Wherein, when the grinding rotating shaft is at the second thermal deformation degree, the control unit increases the cooling rate of the cooling device according to the ratio of the rotating shaft temperature to the standard temperature;

[0043] The standard error is equal to the product of the reference error and the weights corresponding to the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw, and the reference error is a preset value set according to the historical data of the thermal deformation errors of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw.

[0044] Further, when a grinding deviation occurs during the grinding process, the analysis unit determines the orientation of the grinding deviation.

[0045] If the x-axis lead screw and the y-axis lead screw are at the second thermal deformation degree, the analysis unit determines that the orientation of the grinding deviation is a planar grinding deviation;

[0046] If the z-axis lead screw and the grinding rotating shaft are at the second thermal deformation degree, the analysis unit determines that the orientation of the grinding deviation is a three-dimensional grinding deviation.

[0047] Further, when the orientation of the grinding deviation is a planar grinding deviation, the analysis unit establishes a grinding coordinate system, obtains the grinding coordinates of the center point of the grinding head in the grinding coordinate system, and the grinding coordinates include x0 and y0;

[0048] The analysis unit determines the specific deviation situation according to the magnitudes of x0 and y0 in the grinding coordinates and the x-axis feed amount and the y-axis feed amount, and the control unit adopts different adjustment schemes for the x-axis feed speed and the y-axis feed speed according to the specific deviation situation being a first quadrant deviation, a second quadrant deviation, a third quadrant deviation or a fourth quadrant deviation.

[0049] Further, when the grinding deviation orientation is a three-dimensional grinding deviation, the detection unit detects the grinding pressure borne by the workpiece through a pressure sensor disposed on the grinding platform, and the analysis unit compares the grinding pressure with the standard pressure.

[0050] If the grinding pressure is greater than the standard pressure, the analysis unit determines that the grinding pressure exceeds the normal range, and the control unit reduces the grinding depth according to the ratio of the standard pressure to the grinding pressure.

[0051] Further, after the grinding of the current workpiece is completed, the analysis unit calculates the deviation differences between the x-axis feed amount and the y-axis feed amount of the grinding head and the standard feed amount, and the deviation difference between the grinding depth and the standard depth.

[0052] If the deviation difference is less than or equal to the difference evaluation value, the determination unit determines that the grinding deviation caused by thermal deformation during the grinding process is within the normal range.

[0053] If the deviation difference is greater than the difference evaluation value, the determination unit determines that the grinding deviation caused by thermal deformation during the grinding process exceeds the normal range, and reduces the standard temperature according to the ratio of the difference evaluation value to the deviation difference.

[0054] Further, the x-axis moving module further includes

[0055] A crossbeam slider, which is disposed on the y-axis guide rail and connected to the y-axis guide rail, and the crossbeam component moves along the y-axis direction on the y-axis guide rail through the crossbeam slider;

[0056] A y-axis slider pressing block, which is located on the side of the crossbeam slider and connects the crossbeam slider to the crossbeam component;

[0057] A y-axis slider backing plate, which is located between the crossbeam slider and the crossbeam component.

[0058] The z-axis moving module further includes

[0059] A first slider group, which is slidably connected to the z-axis guide rail, and the spindle box component moves along the z-axis guide rail in the z-axis direction through the first slider group;

[0060] A second slider group, which is slidably connected to the x-axis guide rail, and the saddle component drives the spindle box component to move in the x-axis direction along the x-axis guide rail through the second slider group;

[0061] An x-axis guide rail pressing block, which is disposed at the bottom of the first slider group and is used to connect the first slider group to the saddle component;

[0062] A z-axis guide rail pressing block, which is disposed between the second slider group and the saddle component and is used to connect the second slider group to the saddle component;

[0063] The z-axis lead screw includes a lead screw body, and bearing caps, spacer rings, locking nuts, and anti-collision rubbers arranged at both ends of the lead screw body;

[0064] The x-axis lead screw includes motor seats, tail seats, and an x-axis motor respectively arranged at both ends of the x-axis lead screw. The x-axis lead screw is connected to the crossbeam component through the motor seats and the tail seats;

[0065] The y-axis lead screw includes motor seats, tail seats, and a y-axis motor respectively arranged at both ends of the y-axis lead screw. The y-axis lead screw is connected to the column component through the motor seats and the tail seats.

[0066] Further, the grinding machine further includes,

[0067] A y-axis grating scale, which is located at the top of the inner frame and is arranged parallel to the y-axis guide rail. The y-axis grating scale is composed of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the x-axis moving module along the y-axis guide rail in the y-axis direction;

[0068] An x-axis grating scale, which is located at the top of the crossbeam component and is arranged parallel to the x-axis guide rail located at the top of the crossbeam component. The x-axis grating scale is composed of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the saddle component along the x-axis guide rail in the x-axis direction;

[0069] A z-axis grating scale, which is located on the side of the z-axis moving module and is arranged parallel to the z-axis guide rail. The z-axis grating scale is composed of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the grinding head along the z-axis guide rail in the z-axis direction.

[0070] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are that the crossbeam component moves along the y-axis guide rail in the y-axis direction through the crossbeam slider, the spindle box component moves in the z-axis direction along the z-axis guide rail through the first slider group, and the saddle component drives the spindle box component to move in the x-axis direction along the x-axis guide rail through the second slider group; the clamping component includes a conveying platform and a plurality of conveying grippers. After the workpiece to be ground is placed in the conveying gripper, it is conveyed to above the grinding disk by the rotation of the conveying platform for grinding; the present invention simultaneously grinds multiple workpieces in multiple directions through the guide rails arranged in three dimensions and the plurality of conveying grippers of the clamping component, processes multiple workpieces at the same time, greatly improves the production efficiency, reduces the movement and positioning errors of the workpieces during the processing, and improves the processing accuracy.

[0071] Furthermore, the thermal deformation of the grinding machine is mainly caused by the deformation of machine tool components induced by internal and external heat sources of the machine tool, such as motors, bearings, transmission parts, hydraulic systems, ambient temperature, and coolant, including the thermal deformation of the grinding spindle, X-axis lead screw, Y-axis lead screw, and Z-axis lead screw. When thermal deformation occurs in the grinding spindle or lead screw, its axial position will generate errors, and the amount of thermal deformation at different positions is different. In the present invention, the temperature grade of the spindle temperature is judged by setting a standard temperature, and corresponding weights are set according to the influence degree of the lead screw on the grinding accuracy. The judgment criteria for the degree of thermal deformation are set according to the weights, which improves the accuracy and adaptability of judging the temperature grade and the degree of thermal deformation.

[0072] Furthermore, thermal deformation has a serious impact on grinding accuracy and efficiency. When the components of the grinding machine undergo thermal deformation, the errors in the machining process will increase significantly, even leading to the scrapping of workpieces. In addition, thermal deformation will also cause an increase in the vibration and noise of the machine tool, affecting the machining quality. At the same time, thermal deformation will change the structure of the machine tool, increasing the difficulty and cost of adjustment and maintenance. In the present invention, the thermal deformation error is calculated based on the spindle temperature. When the thermal deformation error exceeds the standard error, it is determined that the grinding spindle or lead screw has generated thermal deformation that can affect the grinding accuracy. The feed rates of the X-axis lead screw, Y-axis lead screw, and Z-axis lead screw are adjusted accordingly, so as to correct and compensate for the movement of the grinding head during the grinding process, reduce or eliminate the influence of thermal deformation on the machining accuracy, improve the grinding efficiency and quality, and extend the service life of the grinding machine. And because the temperature of the grinding spindle is affected by the grinding temperature, when the grinding spindle is at the second degree of thermal deformation, the cooling rate of the cooling device is adjusted accordingly, and the degree of thermal deformation of the grinding spindle is reduced by reducing the grinding temperature, further increasing the flexibility and adaptability of adjusting the grinding accuracy.

[0073] Furthermore, the thermal deformation generated by the lead screw when the spindle temperature is at the second temperature grade is different in orientation from the feed amount generated by the movement of the grinding head along the set direction, and the influence on the actual feed amount of the grinding head is also different. The actual feed amount of the grinding head may be too large or too small under the influence of the thermal deformation of the lead screw. In the present invention, the specific deviation of the deviation of the thermal deformation of the lead screw on grinding is judged according to the relative relationship between the coordinates of the center point of the grinding head in the grinding coordinate system and the corresponding feed amount. When there is a deviation between the grinding coordinate and the corresponding feed amount, different adjustment schemes are adopted according to the specific deviation situation, and the corresponding feed amount is adjusted by adjusting the feed speed of the grinding machine in the axial direction, reducing the influence of the thermal deformation generated by the lead screw on the grinding process of the workpiece surface in the plane, making the positioning accuracy of the lead screw more stable, and significantly reducing the flatness error of the workpiece surface, thereby improving the grinding quality.

[0074] Further, during the grinding process of the grinding machine, there are differences in the movement laws of the grinding head in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions. The differences are as follows: during the grinding process, the grinding head continuously moves in the x-axis and y-axis directions at corresponding feed speeds to grind the workpiece, while after the grinding head moves in place in the z-axis direction, a certain grinding pressure is applied to the workpiece, and it moves slightly in the z-axis direction with the change of the grinding depth during the grinding process, and stops when the grinding depth or grinding duration reaches a certain amount; and different from the grinding deviation in the x-axis and y-axis directions, the grinding deviation in the z-axis direction is affected by two thermal deformation errors of the z-axis lead screw and the grinding rotating shaft at the same time. The present invention normalizes the two influencing parameters through the grinding pressure and adjusts them uniformly in the z-axis direction, improving the accuracy of grinding the workpiece; after the workpiece grinding is completed, it is determined whether the grinding deviation caused by thermal deformation during the grinding process is within the normal range, and according to the determination result, the evaluation standard of the temperature level for judging the rotating shaft temperature is called back, improving the precision of grinding the workpiece and further reducing the influence of thermal deformation on the grinding accuracy of the workpiece.

[0075] Further, the determination unit judges the working state of the current grinding machine according to the number of lead screws in the second thermal deformation degree. When the number of lead screws generating thermal deformation exceeds the set value, since the temperature of the lead screw is affected by the temperature of the motor, the control unit reduces the feed speed of the lead screw by adjusting the motor speed, thereby reducing the thermal deformation degree of the lead screw, reducing the damage caused to the device by excessive temperature, avoiding the grinding machine being in a thermal deformation state for a long time, increasing the service life of the device, and preventing the device structure from changing.

[0076] Further, a number of hollow grooves are provided on the outer walls of each module of the grinding machine in this embodiment, which can reduce the weight of the grinding machine and improve the overall structural strength and rigidity. Description of the Drawings

[0077] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 3 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 4 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a clamping component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 5 It is a coordinate system function diagram of thermal deformation error and rotating shaft temperature in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] In the figure, 11 - main frame, 12 - internal frame, 111 - base, 112 - wall, 13 - clamping component, 131 - conveying platform, 132 - conveying gripper, 14 - y-axis guide rail, 15 - y-axis lead screw, 16 - floor footing, 17 - cooling device, 171 - first cooler, 172 - second cooler, 173 - grinding platform, 18 - grinding disc, 21 - crossbeam component, 22 - x-axis guide rail, 23 - x-axis lead screw, 31 - saddle component, 32 - headstock component, 321 - grinding rotating shaft, 322 - grinding head, 33 - z-axis guide rail, 34 - z-axis lead screw, 4 - motor base, 5 - tailstock. Detailed implementation manners

[0083] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0084] The preferred implementation manners of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these implementation manners are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0085] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0086] In addition, it should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0087] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 as shown in Figure 1 the front view structural schematic diagram of the multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 the side view structural schematic diagram of the multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 the top view structural schematic diagram of the multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 the top view structural schematic diagram of the clamping component in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5This is a coordinate system function graph of the thermal deformation error and the spindle temperature in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0088] The present invention provides a multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine, including:

[0089] A grinding head positioning and driving unit, used to position and move the grinding head capable of grinding workpieces and drive the grinding head to rotate for grinding;

[0090] A detection unit, which includes a pressure sensor and several temperature sensors. Each of the temperature sensors is arranged at different positions of the grinding head positioning and driving unit, and can perform real-time spindle temperature detection on each detection point of the grinding head positioning and driving unit;

[0091] A determination unit, which determines the temperature grade of the spindle temperature according to the temperature detection data of the detection unit, sets the evaluation criteria for determining the degree of thermal deformation according to the weights of the spindle or the lead screw, and determines the degree of thermal deformation of the grinding spindle and the lead screw according to the thermal deformation error; determines whether the grinding deviation is within the normal range according to the deviation difference, and calls back the determination criteria for the temperature grade of the spindle temperature;

[0092] An analysis unit, which calculates the thermal deformation error according to the spindle temperature, judges the grinding deviation orientation according to the degree of thermal deformation of the grinding spindle and the lead screw, judges the specific situation of the deviation according to the grinding coordinates, and judges whether the grinding pressure exceeds the normal range, and adopts different adjustment schemes according to the grinding deviation orientation; calculates the deviation difference between the feed amount of the grinding head and the corresponding standard value, and the grinding depth, and judges the working state of the current grinding machine according to the number of lead screws in the second degree of thermal deformation;

[0093] A control unit adjusts the feed speed in different directions according to the specific situation of the deviation, adjusts the motor speed according to the working state of the grinding machine, and adjusts the grinding depth according to the ratio of the standard pressure to the grinding pressure.

[0094] Specifically, the crossbeam component moves along the y-axis direction on the y-axis guide rail through the crossbeam slider, the spindle box component moves along the z-axis guide rail in the z-axis direction through the first slider group, and the saddle component drives the spindle box component to move in the x-axis direction along the x-axis guide rail through the second slider group; the clamping component includes a conveying platform and several conveying grippers. After the workpiece to be ground is placed in the conveying gripper, it is conveyed above the grinding disc by the rotation of the conveying platform for grinding; the present invention simultaneously grinds multiple workpieces in multiple directions through the guide rails arranged in three dimensions and several conveying grippers of the clamping component, processes multiple workpieces at the same time, greatly improves the production efficiency, reduces the movement and positioning errors of the workpieces during the processing, and improves the processing accuracy.

[0095] The grinding head grinds the workpiece at an initial grinding pressure, an initial feed rate, and an initial grinding speed. After the grinding duration for the workpiece reaches the initial grinding duration, the grinding stops, and the clamping component conveys the next workpiece to the grinding disc to start grinding;

[0096] During the grinding process, the detection unit senses the temperatures of a number of rotating shafts on the grinding rotating shaft and three lead screws in real time, and the determination unit compares the temperatures of the number of rotating shafts with the standard temperature.

[0097] If the temperature of any rotating shaft is less than or equal to the standard temperature, the determination unit determines that the temperature of the rotating shaft is at the first temperature level;

[0098] If the temperature of any rotating shaft is greater than the standard temperature, the determination unit determines that the temperature of the rotating shaft is at the second temperature level;

[0099] Set the first weight of the x-axis lead screw, the second weight of the y-axis lead screw, the third weight of the z-axis lead screw, and the fourth weight of the grinding rotating shaft;

[0100] The fourth weight is greater than the third weight which is greater than the first weight, and the first weight is equal to the second weight;

[0101] Wherein, the standard temperature is a preset value set according to the historical data of the temperatures of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screws.

[0102] Specifically, the influence of the thermal deformation of the grinding rotating shaft on the grinding accuracy is greater than the influence of the thermal deformation of the z-axis lead screw on the grinding accuracy, and the influence of the thermal deformation of the x-axis lead screw on the grinding accuracy is equal to the influence of the thermal deformation of the y-axis lead screw on the grinding accuracy.

[0103] Specifically, the thermal deformation of the grinding machine is mainly caused by the deformation of the machine tool components caused by internal and external heat sources of the machine tool such as motors, bearings, transmission parts, hydraulic systems, ambient temperature, and coolant, including the thermal deformation of the grinding rotating shaft, the x-axis lead screw, the y-axis lead screw, and the z-axis lead screw; when the grinding rotating shaft or the lead screw undergoes thermal deformation, its axial position will generate an error, and the thermal deformation amounts at different positions are different. In the present invention, the temperature level of the rotating shaft temperature is judged by the set standard temperature, and corresponding weights are set according to the influence of the lead screw on the grinding accuracy, and the evaluation criteria for judging the degree of thermal deformation are set according to the weights, improving the accuracy and adaptability of judging the temperature level and the degree of thermal deformation.

[0104] When the temperature of the rotating shaft is at the second temperature level, the analysis unit calculates the thermal deformation error according to the temperature of the rotating shaft. The error curve of the grinding rotating shaft or the lead screw at a specific temperature can be approximately regarded as a straight line, and is described by the mathematical formula: Ex = Eo + K×(Px - Po);

[0105] Among them, Ex represents the thermal deformation error when the X-axis coordinate is Px; Eo represents the thermal deformation error of the X-axis at Po; K is the thermal deformation rate of the X-axis at this temperature, and K = tan(β).

[0106] The analysis unit compares the thermal deformation error with the standard error.

[0107] If the thermal deformation error is less than the standard error, the determination unit determines that the corresponding grinding rotating shaft or lead screw is in the first degree of thermal deformation.

[0108] If the thermal deformation error is greater than or equal to the standard error, the determination unit determines that the corresponding grinding rotating shaft or lead screw is in the second degree of thermal deformation, and a grinding deviation is generated during the grinding process. The analysis unit judges the orientation of the grinding deviation.

[0109] Wherein the standard error is equal to the product of the reference error and the weight corresponding to the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw, and the reference error is a preset value set according to the historical data of the thermal deformation error of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw.

[0110] Specifically, when both the grinding rotating shaft and the z-axis lead screw are in the second degree of thermal deformation, the analysis unit adjusts the feed amount of the z-axis lead screw according to the sum of the thermal deformation errors of the grinding rotating shaft and the z-axis lead screw.

[0111] When the grinding rotating shaft is in the second degree of thermal deformation, the control unit increases the cooling rate of the cooling device according to the ratio of the rotating shaft temperature to the standard temperature.

[0112] Specifically, thermal deformation has a serious impact on grinding accuracy and efficiency. When the components of the grinding machine undergo thermal deformation, the errors in the processing process will increase significantly, even leading to the scrapping of the workpiece; in addition, thermal deformation will also cause an increase in the vibration and noise of the machine tool, affecting the processing quality; at the same time, thermal deformation will change the structure of the machine tool, increasing the difficulty and cost of adjustment and maintenance; the present invention calculates the thermal deformation error according to the rotating shaft temperature, determines that the grinding rotating shaft or lead screw has generated thermal deformation that can affect the grinding accuracy when the thermal deformation error exceeds the standard error, and adjusts the feed amounts of the x-axis lead screw, y-axis lead screw, and z-axis lead screw accordingly, so as to correct and compensate for the movement of the grinding head during the grinding process, reduce or eliminate the influence of thermal deformation on the processing accuracy, improve the grinding efficiency and quality, and extend the service life of the grinding machine. And because the temperature of the grinding rotating shaft is affected by the grinding temperature, when the grinding rotating shaft is in the second degree of thermal deformation, the cooling rate of the cooling device is adjusted accordingly, and the thermal deformation degree of the grinding rotating shaft is reduced by reducing the grinding temperature, further increasing the flexibility and adaptability of adjusting the grinding accuracy.

[0113] When a grinding deviation occurs during the grinding process, the analysis unit judges the orientation of the grinding deviation and adopts different adjustment schemes according to the orientation of the grinding deviation.

[0114] If the x-axis lead screw and the y-axis lead screw are at the second thermal deformation level, the analysis unit determines that the grinding deviation orientation is a planar grinding deviation;

[0115] If the z-axis lead screw and the grinding rotation shaft are at the second thermal deformation level, the analysis unit determines that the grinding deviation orientation is a three-dimensional grinding deviation;

[0116] When the grinding deviation orientation is a planar grinding deviation, a grinding coordinate system is established, and the analysis unit determines the specific situation of the deviation;

[0117] The origin of the grinding coordinate system is the center point of the grinding disc. The positive and negative directions of the x-axis and y-axis of the grinding coordinate system can be set according to specific requirements and are not limited here;

[0118] The analysis unit obtains the grinding coordinates (x0, y0) of the center point of the grinding head in the grinding coordinate system,

[0119] If x0 and y0 are greater than the x-axis feed rate and the y-axis feed rate, the analysis unit determines that the specific situation of the deviation is a first quadrant deviation, and the control unit reduces the x-axis feed speed and the y-axis feed speed;

[0120] If x0 is greater than the x-axis feed rate and y0 is less than the y-axis feed rate, the analysis unit determines that the specific situation of the deviation is a second quadrant deviation, and the control unit reduces the x-axis feed speed and increases the y-axis feed speed;

[0121] If x0 is less than the x-axis feed rate and y0 is greater than the y-axis feed rate, the analysis unit determines that the specific situation of the deviation is a third quadrant deviation, and the control unit increases the x-axis feed speed and reduces the y-axis feed speed;

[0122] If x0 and y0 are less than the x-axis feed rate and the y-axis feed rate, the analysis unit determines that the specific situation of the deviation is a fourth quadrant deviation, and the control unit increases the x-axis feed speed and the y-axis feed speed;

[0123] In implementation, the control unit adjusts the x-axis feed speed and the y-axis feed speed according to the ratio of the grinding coordinates (x0, y0) to the x-axis feed rate and the y-axis feed rate;

[0124] Specifically, when the temperature of the lead screw is at the second temperature level, the thermal deformation of the lead screw and the feed amount generated by the movement of the grinding head along the set direction are different in orientation, and the influence on the actual feed amount of the grinding head is also different. The actual feed amount of the grinding head may be larger or smaller under the influence of the thermal deformation of the lead screw. The present invention determines the specific situation of the deviation caused by the thermal deformation of the lead screw during grinding according to the relative relationship between the coordinates of the center point of the grinding head in the grinding coordinate system and the corresponding feed amount. When there is a deviation between the grinding coordinate and the corresponding feed amount, different adjustment schemes are adopted according to the specific situation of the deviation, and the corresponding feed amount is adjusted by adjusting the feed speed of the grinding machine in the axial direction, so as to reduce the influence of the thermal deformation of the lead screw on the grinding process of the workpiece surface on the plane, make the positioning accuracy of the lead screw more stable, and significantly reduce the flatness error of the workpiece surface, thereby improving the grinding quality.

[0125] When the grinding deviation orientation is a three-dimensional grinding deviation, the detection unit detects the grinding pressure borne by the workpiece through a pressure sensor arranged on the grinding platform, and the analysis unit compares the grinding pressure with the standard pressure.

[0126] If the grinding pressure is greater than the standard pressure, the analysis unit determines that the grinding pressure exceeds the normal range, and the control unit reduces the grinding depth according to the ratio of the standard pressure to the grinding pressure.

[0127] Among them, the standard pressure is a preset value set according to the historical data of the grinding pressure borne by the workpiece that has passed the qualification test.

[0128] After the current workpiece grinding is completed, the analysis unit calculates the deviation difference between the x-axis feed amount and the y-axis feed amount of the grinding head and the standard feed amount, and the deviation difference between the grinding depth and the standard depth.

[0129] If the deviation difference is less than or equal to the difference evaluation value, the determination unit determines that the grinding deviation caused by the thermal deformation during the grinding process is within the normal range.

[0130] If the deviation difference is greater than the difference evaluation value, the determination unit determines that the grinding deviation caused by the thermal deformation during the grinding process exceeds the normal range, and reduces the standard temperature according to the ratio of the difference evaluation value to the deviation difference.

[0131] Specifically, during the grinding process of the grinding machine, there are differences in the movement laws of the grinding head in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions. The differences are as follows: during the grinding process, the grinding head continuously moves in the x-axis and y-axis directions at corresponding feed speeds to grind the workpiece, while after the grinding head moves in place in the z-axis direction, a certain grinding pressure is applied to the workpiece, and it moves slightly in the z-axis direction with the change of the grinding depth during the grinding process, and stops when the grinding depth or grinding duration reaches a certain amount; and different from the grinding deviations in the x-axis and y-axis directions, the grinding deviation in the z-axis direction is affected by two thermal deformation errors of the z-axis lead screw and the grinding rotating shaft at the same time. The present invention normalizes the two influencing parameters through the grinding pressure and adjusts them uniformly in the z-axis direction, improving the accuracy of grinding the workpiece; after the workpiece grinding is completed, it is determined whether the grinding deviation caused by the thermal deformation during the grinding process is within the normal range, and according to the determination result, the evaluation standard of the temperature grade for judging the rotating shaft temperature is called back, improving the precision of grinding the workpiece and further reducing the influence of thermal deformation on the grinding accuracy of the workpiece.

[0132] After the current workpiece grinding is completed, the detection unit detects the number of lead screws in the second thermal deformation degree.

[0133] If the number of lead screws is less than or equal to the standard number, the determination unit determines that the grinding machine is in the first working state;

[0134] If the number of lead screws is greater than the standard number, the determination unit determines that the grinding machine is in the second working state;

[0135] When the grinding machine is in the second working state, the control unit adjusts the motor speed to reduce the feed speed of the lead screw;

[0136] Wherein, the standard number is a preset value set according to specific requirements.

[0137] Specifically, the determination unit determines the working state of the current grinding machine according to the number of lead screws in the second thermal deformation degree. When the number of lead screws generating thermal deformation exceeds the set value, since the temperature of the lead screw is affected by the temperature of the motor, the control unit reduces the feed speed of the lead screw by adjusting the motor speed, thereby reducing the thermal deformation degree of the lead screw, reducing the damage caused by excessive temperature to the device, avoiding the grinding machine being in the thermal deformation state for a long time, increasing the service life of the device, and preventing the device structure from changing.

[0138] A z-axis movement module, an x-axis movement module, and a y-axis movement module, the z-axis movement module is connected to the x-axis movement module in a cross shape, the x-axis movement module is connected to the y-axis movement module, and the z-axis movement module and the x-axis movement module are located on top of the y-axis movement module.

[0139] The z-axis movement module, which is located on top of the grinding unit, includes a spindle box component, a saddle component, a z-axis guide rail, a z-axis grating scale, and a z-axis lead screw;

[0140] The z-axis movement module further includes a first slider group, a second slider group, an x-axis guide rail pressing block, and a z-axis guide rail pressing block connected to the saddle component;

[0141] The saddle component is in a T-shaped structure and is arranged on the front and top of the crossbeam component;

[0142] The first slider group is slidably connected to the z-axis guide rail, and the spindle box component moves along the z-axis guide rail in the z-axis direction through the first slider group;

[0143] The second slider group is slidably connected to the x-axis guide rail, and the saddle component drives the spindle box component to move in the x-axis direction along the x-axis guide rail through the second slider group;

[0144] The saddle component is connected to the first slider group and the second slider group through the x-axis guide rail pressing block and the z-axis guide rail pressing block;

[0145] The z-axis grating scale is located on the side of the z-axis movement module and is arranged parallel to the z-axis guide rail. It consists of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the grinding head along the z-axis guide rail in the z-axis direction;

[0146] The z-axis lead screw (not shown) is located inside the saddle component and includes a lead screw body and bearing caps, spacer rings, locking nuts, and anti-collision rubber arranged at both ends of the lead screw body;

[0147] The spindle box component further includes a grinding head and a grinding rotating shaft,

[0148] The grinding head is located at the bottom of the spindle box component and is connected to the grinding rotating shaft;

[0149] The grinding rotating shaft is inside the spindle box component;

[0150] The z-axis guide rail is located between the spindle box component and the saddle component;

[0151] The x-axis movement module includes a crossbeam component, an x-axis guide rail, an x-axis grating scale, and an x-axis lead screw;

[0152] The crossbeam component is arranged on top of the y-axis guide rails on the two side walls of the inner frame and the main frame;

[0153] The crossbeam component includes a y-axis slider backing plate, a y-axis slider pressing block, and a crossbeam slider;

[0154] The crossbeam slider is arranged on the y-axis guide rail, and the crossbeam component moves along the y-axis direction on the y-axis guide rail through the crossbeam slider;

[0155] The crossbeam slider is connected to the crossbeam component through the y-axis slider pressing block, and the y-axis slider backing plate is located between the crossbeam slider and the crossbeam component;

[0156] The x-axis grating scale is arranged parallel to the x-axis guide rail on the top of the crossbeam component, and is composed of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the saddle component along the x-axis guide rail in the x-axis direction;

[0157] The x-axis guide rail is located between the saddle component and the crossbeam component and on the top of the crossbeam component, and the saddle component moves along the x-axis direction through the x-axis guide rail;

[0158] The x-axis lead screw is located between the x-axis guide rails between the saddle component and the crossbeam component, and includes motor seats, tail seats and an x-axis motor respectively arranged at both ends of the x-axis lead screw. The x-axis lead screw is connected to the crossbeam component through the motor seats and the tail seats;

[0159] The motor seats and the tail seats are connected to the x-axis lead screw through bearing caps arranged on the screw rod body, and locking nuts, anti-collision rubbers and spacer rings are also arranged at both ends of the x-axis lead screw;

[0160] The y-axis moving module includes a column component, a y-axis guide rail, a y-axis grating scale, a y-axis lead screw and a plurality of floor bolts. A clamping component, a grinding disc and a cooling device are arranged on the column component;

[0161] The column component is divided into a main frame and an inner frame. The main frame is of a concave-shaped structure and is composed of a base and two side walls vertically connected to both sides of the base respectively;

[0162] The inner frame is of a square structure, and the inner frame is located in the main frame and is used to protect the clamping component;

[0163] The y-axis lead screw is located at the top of the column component and between the y-axis guide rails, and includes motor seats, tail seats and a y-axis motor respectively arranged at both ends of the y-axis lead screw. The y-axis lead screw is connected to the column component through the motor seats and the tail seats;

[0164] The y-axis guide rail is located at the top of the column component, and the x-axis moving module moves along the y-axis direction through the y-axis guide rail;

[0165] The y-axis grating scale is arranged parallel to the y-axis guide rail on the top of the column component, and is composed of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the x-axis moving module along the y-axis guide rail in the y-axis direction;

[0166] The floor bolts are located at the bottom of the main frame and are used to support the y-axis moving module;

[0167] The clamping component is located within the inner frame. The clamping component includes a conveying platform and a number of conveying grippers arranged on the periphery of the conveying platform. After the workpiece to be ground is placed in the conveying grippers, it is conveyed onto the grinding disc by the rotation of the conveying platform for grinding.

[0168] The cooling device includes a first cooler, a second cooler, and a grinding platform. The first cooler and the second cooler are arranged on the base of the main frame, respectively in front of two side walls, and the grinding platform is located between the first cooler and the second cooler.

[0169] The grinding disc is placed on the grinding platform of the cooling device and is located in the middle of the first cooler and the second cooler.

[0170] In this embodiment, the first slider group is divided into 4 sliders, the second slider group is divided into 6 sliders, there are 8 crossbeam sliders, 2 z-axis guide rails, 3 x-axis guide rails, and 4 y-axis guide rails. 2 sliders are installed on each guide rail.

[0171] In this embodiment of the grinding machine, a number of hollow grooves are provided on the outer walls of each module, which can reduce the weight of the grinding machine and improve the overall structural strength and rigidity.

[0172] The working process of the grinding machine: Place a number of workpieces to be ground into the clamping component. The clamping component rotates and conveys the workpieces above the grinding disc. The grinding head moves in the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis directions under the traction of the main spindle box, crossbeam, and column. The workpieces are ground during the relative movement between the grinding head and the grinding disc. The cooling device sprays coolant on the grinding surface during the grinding process of the workpieces to cool and reduce the temperature. The workpieces ground to the standard duration or accuracy are moved out of the grinding disc under the movement of the clamping component, and the clamping component continues to convey the unground workpieces to the relative movement between the grinding head and the grinding disc for grinding.

[0173] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0174] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine, characterized in that, include: A grinding head positioning drive unit, used to position and move a grinding head capable of grinding a workpiece and drive the grinding head to rotate for grinding; A detection unit, comprising a pressure sensor and a plurality of temperature sensors, wherein each of the temperature sensors is arranged at a different position of the grinding head positioning drive unit, and can perform real-time shaft temperature detection on each detection point of the grinding head positioning drive unit; A determination unit determines the temperature level of the shaft temperature according to the temperature detection data of the detection unit, sets a judgment standard for determining the degree of thermal deformation according to the weight of the shaft or the screw, and determines the degree of thermal deformation of the ground shaft and the screw according to the thermal deformation error; Determine whether the grinding deviation is within the normal range based on the deviation difference, and adjust the temperature level of the shaft temperature. An analysis unit calculates the thermal deformation error according to the temperature of the rotating shaft, determines the grinding deviation position according to the degree of thermal deformation of the grinding rotating shaft and the screw rod, determines the specific deviation according to the grinding coordinates, and determines whether the grinding pressure exceeds the normal range, and adopts different adjustment schemes according to the grinding deviation position; calculates the deviation difference between the grinding head feed amount and the grinding depth and the corresponding standard value, and determines the current working state of the grinder according to the number of screw rods in the second thermal deformation degree; The control unit adjusts the feed speed in different directions according to the specific situation of the deviation, adjusts the motor speed according to the working state of the grinder, and adjusts the grinding depth according to the ratio of the standard pressure to the grinding pressure.

2. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding head positioning drive unit comprises a y-axis moving module, an x-axis moving module and a z-axis moving module, wherein the y-axis moving module is cross-connected with the x-axis moving module and is located on the top of the y-axis moving module; The y-axis moving module includes a column component, which is divided into a main frame and an internal frame; a y-axis guide rail, which is located on the top of the two side walls of the internal frame and the main frame; a y-axis screw rod, which is located on the top of the internal frame and between the y-axis guide rails; The x-axis moving module comprises a crossbeam component, which is located at the top of the internal frame and is arranged on the y-axis guide rail; an x-axis guide rail, which is arranged on the top of the crossbeam component and on the front of the crossbeam component; an x-axis lead screw, which is located on the front of the crossbeam component and is arranged between the x-axis guide rails located on the front of the crossbeam component; The z-axis moving module includes a sliding saddle component, which is a saddle-shaped structure and is arranged on the front and top of the crossbeam component; a spindle box component, which is connected to the sliding saddle component; a z-axis guide rail, which is located between the spindle box component and the sliding saddle component; and a z-axis screw rod, which is arranged inside the sliding saddle component. The spindle box component includes a grinding shaft, which is located inside the spindle box component; a grinding head, which is located at the bottom of the spindle box component and connected to the grinding shaft; The y-axis moving module further includes a clamping component, which is located within the inner frame. The clamping component includes a conveying platform and a number of conveying grippers arranged on the periphery of the conveying platform. The clamping component conveys the workpiece to above the grinding disc for grinding at an initial conveying speed. A cooling device, which includes a first cooler, a second cooler, and a grinding platform. The first cooler and the second cooler are arranged on the base of the main frame and are respectively located in front of the two side walls. The grinding platform is located between the first cooler and the second cooler. A grinding disc, which is placed on the grinding platform of the cooling device and is located in the middle of the first cooler and the second cooler.

3. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein During the grinding process, the detection unit real-time senses the temperatures of a number of rotating shafts on the grinding rotating shaft and the three lead screws, and the determination unit compares the temperatures of the number of rotating shafts with the standard temperature. If the temperature of any rotating shaft is less than or equal to the standard temperature, the determination unit determines that the rotating shaft temperature is at the first temperature level. If the temperature of any rotating shaft is greater than the standard temperature, the determination unit determines that the rotating shaft temperature is at the second temperature level. Wherein, the standard temperature is a preset value set according to the historical data of the temperatures of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw.

4. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 3, wherein When the rotating shaft temperature is at the second temperature level, the analysis unit calculates the thermal deformation error according to the rotating shaft temperature and compares the thermal deformation error with the standard error. If the thermal deformation error is less than the standard error, the determination unit determines that the corresponding grinding rotating shaft or lead screw is at the first degree of thermal deformation. If the thermal deformation error is greater than or equal to the standard error, the determination unit determines that the corresponding grinding rotating shaft or lead screw is at the second degree of thermal deformation, and a grinding deviation occurs during the grinding process. The analysis unit judges the orientation of the grinding deviation. Wherein when the grinding rotating shaft is at the second degree of thermal deformation, the control unit increases the cooling rate of the cooling device according to the ratio of the rotating shaft temperature to the standard temperature. The standard error is equal to the product of the reference error and the weights corresponding to the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw. The reference error is a preset value set according to the historical data of the thermal deformation errors of the grinding rotating shaft and the lead screw.

5. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 4, wherein When a grinding deviation occurs during the grinding process, the analysis unit judges the orientation of the grinding deviation. If the x-axis lead screw and the y-axis lead screw are at the second degree of thermal deformation, the analysis unit determines that the orientation of the grinding deviation is a planar grinding deviation. If the z-axis lead screw and the grinding rotating shaft are at the second degree of thermal deformation, the analysis unit determines that the orientation of the grinding deviation is a three-dimensional grinding deviation.

6. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 5, wherein When the orientation of the grinding deviation is a planar grinding deviation, the analysis unit establishes a grinding coordinate system, obtains the grinding coordinates of the center point of the grinding head in the grinding coordinate system, and the grinding coordinates include x0 and y0. The analysis unit determines the specific deviation according to the magnitudes of x0 and y0 in the grinding coordinates and the feed amounts of the x-axis and y-axis. The control unit adopts different adjustment schemes for the feed speeds of the x-axis and y-axis according to whether the specific deviation is a deviation in the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, or the fourth quadrant.

7. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 5, wherein When the grinding deviation orientation is a three-dimensional grinding deviation, the detection unit detects the grinding pressure borne by the workpiece through a pressure sensor arranged on the grinding platform, and the analysis unit compares the grinding pressure with the standard pressure. If the grinding pressure is greater than the standard pressure, the analysis unit determines that the grinding pressure exceeds the normal range, and the control unit reduces the grinding depth according to the ratio of the standard pressure to the grinding pressure.

8. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein After the grinding of the current workpiece is completed, the analysis unit calculates the deviation difference between the feed amounts of the x-axis and y-axis of the grinding head and the standard feed amounts, and the deviation difference between the grinding depth and the standard depth. If the deviation difference is less than or equal to the difference evaluation value, the determination unit determines that the grinding deviation caused by thermal deformation during the grinding process is within the normal range. If the deviation difference is greater than the difference evaluation value, the determination unit determines that the grinding deviation caused by thermal deformation during the grinding process exceeds the normal range, and reduces the standard temperature according to the ratio of the difference evaluation value to the deviation difference.

9. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein The x-axis moving module further includes a crossbeam slider, which is arranged on and connected to the y-axis guide rail. The crossbeam component moves along the y-axis direction on the y-axis guide rail through the crossbeam slider; a y-axis slider pressing block, which is located on the side of the crossbeam slider and connects the crossbeam slider to the crossbeam component; a y-axis slider backing plate, which is located between the crossbeam slider and the crossbeam component. The z-axis moving module further includes a first slider group, which is slidably connected to the z-axis guide rail. The spindle box component moves along the z-axis guide rail in the z-axis direction through the first slider group; a second slider group, which is slidably connected to the x-axis guide rail. The saddle component drives the spindle box component to move in the x-axis direction along the x-axis guide rail through the second slider group; an x-axis guide rail pressing block, which is arranged at the bottom of the first slider group and is used to connect the first slider group to the saddle component; a z-axis guide rail pressing block, which is arranged between the second slider group and the saddle component and is used to connect the second slider group to the saddle component. The z-axis lead screw includes a lead screw body and bearing caps, spacer rings, locking nuts, and anti-collision rubbers arranged at both ends of the lead screw body; the x-axis lead screw includes a motor base, a tail end base, and an x-axis motor respectively arranged at both ends of the x-axis lead screw. The x-axis lead screw is connected to the crossbeam component through the motor base and the tail end base; the y-axis lead screw includes a motor base, a tail end base, and a y-axis motor respectively arranged at both ends of the y-axis lead screw. The y-axis lead screw is connected to the column component through the motor base and the tail end base.

10. The multi-spindle multi-station precision grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein, Further included The y-axis grating scale is located at the top of the inner frame and is arranged parallel to the y-axis guide rail. The y-axis grating scale consists of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the x-axis moving module along the y-axis guide rail in the y-axis direction; The x-axis grating scale is located at the top of the crossbeam component and is arranged parallel to the x-axis guide rail located at the top of the crossbeam component. The x-axis grating scale consists of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the saddle component along the x-axis guide rail in the x-axis direction; The z-axis grating scale is located on the side of the z-axis moving module and is arranged parallel to the z-axis guide rail. The z-axis grating scale consists of a grating scale body and a reading head, and is used to display the displacement distance of the grinding head along the z-axis guide rail in the z-axis direction.

Images