Unfreezing method, unfreezing system and unfreezing device for bulk materials

Abstract

The invention provides a bulk material unfreezing method, system and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining real-time state information corresponding to a to-be-unfrozen bulk material if it is detected that a carrier enters an unfreezing chamber; the real-time freezing state comprises carrier information of the carrier and the real-time freezing state of the bulk material to be unfrozen; based on a preset state information-unfreezing parameter corresponding relation, unfreezing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be unfrozen are determined; controlling a free water generation unit to operate according to the unfreezing parameters so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk material to be unfrozen; controlling the microwave unfreezing unit to operate according to the unfreezing parameters so as to unfreeze the bulk material to be unfrozen; wherein the free water is flowable liquid water. In the mode, free water can be formed on the surface of the to-be-unfrozen bulk material, and the unfreezing efficiency of unfreezing the bulk material is improved by a method of heating the to-be-unfrozen bulk material and the free water on the surface of the to-be-unfrozen bulk material through microwaves at the same time, so that the unfreezing time of unfreezing the bulk material is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thawing of bulk materials, and in particular, to a method, a system and a device for thawing bulk materials. Background Art

[0002] During transportation in cold regions, granular goods and granular materials may freeze due to high humidity of the goods or external rain and snow infiltration during transportation, and representative events include the freezing of coal (ore) transportation vehicles (railway cars). At present, one of the methods for thawing frozen and caked bulk materials is to irradiate the frozen bulk goods with microwaves for thawing, but the current method still has serious defects. The physical process of microwave heating is to cause water molecules to vibrate to generate heat. However, in the frozen state, water molecules are in a solid state and cannot vibrate with the microwave electromagnetic wave frequency to generate heat. There is only a small amount of unfrozen water in the frozen bulk materials, and the microwave energy absorbed by it is very small. Therefore, the current method of thawing bulk materials by microwaves does not give full play to the technical advantages of microwave thawing, and there are still problems such as low thawing efficiency and long thawing time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a method, a system and a device for thawing bulk materials, so as to improve the thawing efficiency of thawing bulk materials and further reduce the thawing time of thawing bulk materials.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for thawing bulk materials, which is applied to a thawing device. The thawing device includes a thawing chamber and a thawing device that can accommodate a carrier. The carrier is used to carry the bulk materials to be thawed. The thawing device includes a free water generation unit and a microwave thawing unit. The method includes: if it is detected that the carrier enters the thawing chamber, obtaining real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; the real-time status information includes the carrier information of the carrier and the real-time freezing status information of the bulk materials to be thawed; determining the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed based on the correspondence between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameter; controlling the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so that free water is formed on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed; controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed; wherein, the free water is flowing liquid water.

[0005] Further, when the real-time status information is real-time freezing status information, the step of obtaining the real-time status information of the bulk materials to be thawed includes: obtaining the real-time physical property parameters of the bulk materials to be thawed; the physical property parameters are used to characterize the frozen temperature spatial distribution state of the bulk materials to be thawed; inputting the real-time physical property parameters into a pre-trained freezing status model to obtain the real-time freezing uniformity and real-time freezing degree of the bulk materials to be thawed; judging whether the real-time freezing degree is a preset unloading degree; if not, generating real-time freezing status information according to the real-time freezing uniformity and real-time freezing degree.

[0006] Further, the free water generation unit includes a spraying thawing sub-unit and a heating thawing sub-unit; the thawing parameters include at least one free water generation method, and the free water generation method is a spraying method and / or a heating method; the thawing parameters also include the thawing water volume corresponding to the spraying method and / or the thawing duration corresponding to the heating method; the step of controlling the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed includes: if the free water generation method is the spraying method, controlling the spraying thawing sub-unit to spray free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed based on the thawing water volume; and / or, if the free water generation method is the heating method, controlling the heating thawing sub-unit to heat the carrier for the thawing duration so as to convert the frozen water in the bulk materials to be thawed into free water; the frozen water is immobile solid water.

[0007] Further, the microwave thawing unit includes at least one microwave thawing sub-unit; the thawing parameters include the microwave thawing sub-unit number, the microwave frequency band corresponding to each microwave thawing sub-unit number, and the working mode of the microwave thawing sub-unit; the working mode of the microwave thawing sub-unit is cyclic irradiation and / or focused irradiation; the step of controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed includes: when the working mode of the microwave thawing sub-unit is cyclic irradiation, controlling the microwave thawing sub-unit corresponding to the microwave thawing sub-unit number to move relative to the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing sub-unit, so that each microwave thawing sub-unit performs microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the microwave frequency band; and / or, when the working mode of the microwave thawing unit is focused irradiation, controlling the microwave thawing sub-unit corresponding to the microwave thawing sub-unit number to perform microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing sub-unit and the microwave frequency band.

[0008] Further, after the step of controlling the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed, and controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so as to thaw the bulk material to be thawed, the method further includes: obtaining real-time freezing state information of the bulk material to be thawed; determining whether the real-time freezing degree in the real-time freezing state information is the unloading degree; if so, controlling the thawing device to stop working; if not, adjusting the thawing parameters according to the real-time freezing uniformity and the real-time freezing degree.

[0009] Further, the thawing device further includes a water vapor extraction device disposed in the thawing chamber. After the step of controlling the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed, and controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so as to thaw the bulk material to be thawed, the method further includes: detecting the real-time water vapor concentration in the carrier by the water vapor extraction device; determining whether the real-time water vapor concentration reaches a preset concentration threshold; if so, controlling the water vapor extraction device to discharge the water vapor in the carrier until the real-time water vapor concentration is lower than the concentration threshold.

[0010] Further, the thawing device further includes an alarm device disposed in the thawing chamber. The method further includes: detecting the real-time temperature within each preset regional step by the alarm device; determining whether the real-time temperature within each preset regional step is within a preset temperature threshold range; if the real-time temperature of any one of the preset regional steps is not within the preset temperature threshold range, controlling the alarm device to give an alarm, and controlling the thawing device to adjust the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk material to be thawed within the preset regional step.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thawing system for bulk materials, which is applied to a thawing device. The thawing device includes a thawing chamber capable of accommodating a carrier and a thawing device. The carrier is used to carry the bulk material to be thawed, and the thawing device includes a free water generation unit and a microwave thawing unit. The system includes: a real-time state information acquisition module, configured to obtain real-time state information corresponding to the bulk material to be thawed if it is detected that the carrier enters the thawing chamber; the real-time state information includes the carrier information of the carrier and the real-time freezing state information of the bulk material to be thawed; a thawing parameter determination module, configured to determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk material to be thawed based on the corresponding relationship between the real-time state information and the preset state information - thawing parameters; a thawing module, configured to control the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed; and control the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so as to thaw the bulk material to be thawed; wherein the free water is flowing liquid water.

[0012] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thawing device, which includes a thawing chamber capable of accommodating a carrier, a control device, and a thawing device connected to the control device; it further includes the above-mentioned thawing system for bulk materials; the thawing system for bulk materials is deployed in the control device; the carrier is used to hold the bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing device includes a free water generation unit and a microwave thawing unit; the control device is configured to obtain the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed in the carrier entering the thawing chamber; determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed based on the corresponding relationship between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters; and control the operation of the free water generation unit and the microwave thawing unit according to the thawing parameters.

[0013] Further, the thawing device further includes a pushing device, a water vapor extraction device, an alarm device, and a physical property detection device respectively connected to the control device; the pushing device is connected to the microwave thawing unit; the microwave thawing unit includes at least one microwave thawing subunit; the physical property detection device is arranged in the thawing chamber; the physical property detection device includes at least one sensor; the free water generation unit includes a spraying thawing subunit and a heating thawing subunit; the control device is further configured to control the pushing device to drive the microwave thawing subunit to move according to the thawing parameters; the control device is further configured to receive the real-time water vapor concentration sent by the water vapor extraction device and control the operation of the water vapor extraction device based on the preset operation standard of the water vapor extraction device; the control device is further configured to control the operation of the alarm device based on the real-time temperature sent by the alarm device and the preset operation standard of the alarm device; the physical property detection device is configured to obtain the physical property parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0014] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method, a thawing system, and a thawing device for thawing bulk materials, which are applied to the thawing device. The thawing device includes a thawing chamber capable of accommodating a carrier and a thawing device. The carrier is used to hold the bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing device includes a free water generation unit and a microwave thawing unit; the method includes: if it is detected that the carrier enters the thawing chamber, obtain the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; the real-time status information includes the carrier information of the carrier and the real-time freezing status information of the bulk materials to be thawed; determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed based on the corresponding relationship between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters; control the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so that free water is formed on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed; control the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed; wherein, the free water is flowing liquid water. In this way, free water can be formed on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed, and by heating the bulk materials to be thawed and the free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed simultaneously by microwave, the thawing efficiency of the thawed granular materials can be improved, and further the thawing duration of the thawed granular materials can be reduced.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention are realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the specification, claims as well as the drawings.

[0016] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following preferred embodiments are specifically described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 Flowchart of the thawing method for bulk materials provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Flowchart of the steps for obtaining the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 Flowchart of the method for adjusting the thawing parameters of the bulk materials to be thawed provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Flowchart of the water vapor discharge method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Flowchart of the alarm method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the thawing system for bulk materials provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 Another schematic diagram of the thawing system for bulk materials provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the thawing device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 Another schematic diagram of the thawing device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0027] Icons: 1 - Real - time status information acquisition module; 2 - Thawing parameter determination module; 3 - Thawing module; 4 - Water vapor treatment module; 5 - Alarm module; 11 - Thawing chamber; 12 - Control device; 13 - Thawing device; 131 - Free water generation unit; 132 - Microwave thawing unit; 14 - Thawing system for bulk materials; 15 - Pushing device; 16 - Water vapor extraction device; 17 - Alarm device; 18 - Physical property detection device; 1321 - Microwave thawing sub - unit; 1311 - Spraying thawing sub - unit; 1312 - Heating thawing sub - unit. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] During the transportation of bulk goods and bulk materials in cold regions, due to high humidity of the goods or external rain and snow infiltration during transportation, the goods and metal loading containers will freeze. For example, when transporting coal by train, due to the low winter temperature along the transportation route, a large amount of coal freezes on the inner wall of the car body, resulting in incomplete unloading during car unloading. Coal is generally unloaded using a car dumper, but the frozen coal adheres to the inner wall and bottom of the carriage and is difficult to unload, causing great difficulties to the dumper operation. Especially for industries and enterprises such as chemical industry, power, ports, and energy that require rapid car unloading, the situation of difficult unloading of frozen coal not only affects the dumper speed, increases the dumper cost, but also prolongs the car body turnover period, increases the car body occupancy fee, and users suffer losses because some materials freeze on the car body and cannot be unloaded. In industrial production, there are different proportions of moisture in materials such as washed concentrate and washed fine coal after washing. During transportation in cold seasons, problems of material freezing in carriers such as train carriages, truck compartments, and containers will occur.

[0030] Similarly, in iron and steel plants in alpine regions, during raw material preparation, the particle size of iron ore concentrate must be controlled below 15 mm to meet the precise proportioning requirements with other raw materials in order to produce qualified sinter. The iron ore concentrate in bulk freezes into large frozen blocks, and the raw material particle size cannot meet the production requirements. By adopting the mechanical crushing method, the crushed blocks are of different sizes and cannot meet the required particle size specifications for raw material preparation. Therefore, it is necessary to thaw the iron ore concentrate to restore its original bulk state.

[0031] The purpose of thawing frozen bulk cargo is to unload all the materials, whether using a dumper to unload coal or ore, or a dump truck to unload coal or ore, as long as the frozen bulk cargo is unfrozen, the purpose is achieved. If the frozen state has been melted or reached a soft frozen state, that is, the bulk material can be restored to the original state of bulk separation by its own gravity and impact when dumping and unloading, continuing to heat it is a waste of energy. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain the frozen state of the frozen bulk cargo in real time and stop heating in time.

[0032] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a bulk material thawing method provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035] The bulk material thawing method is applied to a thawing device, which includes a thawing chamber that can accommodate a carrier and a thawing device. The carrier is used to hold the bulk material to be thawed, and the thawing device includes a free water generating unit and a microwave thawing unit.

[0036] Here, the carrier can be a transport container such as a train car, a car compartment, or a container. The bulk materials to be thawed are large bulk materials such as water-containing powder or block copper concentrate powder, iron ore, aluminum ore powder, etc. The bulk materials will freeze with the metal carrier due to high humidity or external rain and snow infiltration during transportation, for example: when transporting coal by train.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , bulk material thawing methods include:

[0038] Step S101, if it is detected that the carrier enters the thawing chamber, obtain the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk material to be thawed; the real-time status information includes the carrier information of the carrier and the real-time freezing status information of the bulk material to be thawed.

[0039] Here, the vehicle can drive into the thawing room by itself, or can be pushed to the thawing room by the pushing module in the thawing device. When it is detected that the vehicle enters the thawing room and stops steadily, the vehicle information of the vehicle and the real-time freezing state information of the bulk material to be thawed are obtained.

[0040] After the vehicle enters the thawing chamber, the vehicle information of the vehicle is automatically obtained, including the size and type of the vehicle, etc. The size of the vehicle includes the positioning parameters and motion parameters of the vehicle, and the position of the vehicle in the thawing chamber is determined according to the positioning parameters and motion parameters.

[0041] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2When the real-time status information is real-time freezing status information, the step of obtaining the real-time status information of the bulk materials to be thawed in step S101 includes:

[0042] Step S201, obtaining the real-time physical property parameters of the bulk materials to be thawed; the physical property parameters are used to characterize the frozen temperature spatial distribution state of the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0043] Here, the real-time physical property parameters are detected by the physical property detection device provided in the thawing device. The physical property detection device includes at least one sensor. The real-time physical property parameters are at least one of the conductivity, dielectric constant, temperature, mechanical wave, infrared reflection spectrum, microwave, and other electromagnetic wave parameters of the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0044] The physical property detection device may include a temperature sensor, a resistivity measurement system, a microwave moisture detector, etc.

[0045] Specifically, when the bulk materials to be thawed are coal, the current temperature distribution of the coal is obtained through a temperature sensor, so as to obtain the current freezing temperature gradient of the coal.

[0046] Step S202, inputting the real-time physical property parameters into a pre-trained freezing state model to obtain the real-time freezing uniformity and real-time freezing degree corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0047] Here, the training method of the freezing state model is as follows:

[0048] Obtain the historical physical property parameters of the bulk materials in the vehicle in the frozen state and the corresponding historical freezing uniformity and historical freezing degree of the historical physical property parameters.

[0049] Use the historical physical property parameters as the input, and the historical freezing uniformity and historical freezing degree as the output to train the neural network model until the preset training conditions are met, and obtain the trained freezing state model.

[0050] The freezing uniformity includes full freezing and partial freezing. When the freezing uniformity is partial freezing and the real-time physical property parameters include the freezing temperature gradient, the frozen and unfrozen boundary corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed can be determined according to the freezing temperature gradient.

[0051] Among them, the thawing device divides the bulk materials to be thawed based on a preset step length. The preset step length can be set according to the actual situation. The bulk materials to be thawed after division include multiple regions.

[0052] When each region of the bulk materials to be thawed is in the frozen state, the bulk materials to be thawed are fully frozen; when any region of the bulk materials to be thawed is in the unfrozen state, the bulk materials to be thawed are partially frozen.

[0053] The degree of freezing includes the degree of vehicle unloading and the degree of non-vehicle unloading; the degree of vehicle unloading means that the bulk materials to be thawed can return to the original state of loose particle separation by relying on their own gravity and impact force when being dumped and unloaded from the vehicle, and the solid water in the bulk materials to be thawed is in a state of melting or soft freezing; when the bulk materials to be thawed are not in the degree of vehicle unloading, it is the degree of non-vehicle unloading.

[0054] Step S203, determine whether the real-time freezing degree is the preset vehicle unloading degree.

[0055] Here, it is determined whether the bulk materials to be thawed at this time need to be thawed.

[0056] Step S204, if not, generate real-time freezing state information according to the real-time freezing uniformity and the real-time freezing degree.

[0057] Here, if the real-time freezing degree of the bulk materials to be thawed is the vehicle unloading degree, it is determined that the bulk materials to be thawed do not need to be thawed, and a vehicle unloading instruction is sent to the user to remind the user that they can directly unload the vehicle.

[0058] If the real-time freezing degree of the bulk materials to be thawed is the non-vehicle unloading degree, it is determined that the bulk materials to be thawed need to be thawed, and real-time freezing state information is generated according to the real-time freezing uniformity and the real-time freezing degree.

[0059] Step S102, based on the correspondence between the real-time state information and the preset state information - thawing parameters, determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0060] Here, the correspondence between the freezing state and the thawing parameters is a set of parameters for the operation of the thawing equipment under different freezing states, which are preset according to the actual situation.

[0061] The free water generation unit includes a spraying thawing sub-unit and a heating thawing sub-unit; the thawing parameters include at least one free water generation method, and the free water generation method is a spraying method and / or a heating method; the thawing parameters also include the thawing water volume corresponding to the spraying method and / or the thawing duration corresponding to the heating method.

[0062] Free water can strongly absorb microwave energy and quickly heat up. When using the microwave thawing unit of the thawing equipment to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed, releasing free water on the bulk materials to be thawed can form a heat source for multi-point or / and multi-region heating and ice melting of the bulk materials to be thawed, thereby reducing the thawing time of the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0063] Among them, it is possible to choose to spray free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed; it is also possible to choose to generate free water in other ways in areas of the bulk material to be thawed that cannot be directly covered with water, such as converting the frozen water in the bulk material to be thawed into free water, where the frozen water is immobile solid water; it is also possible to choose to spray free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed while generating free water in other ways in areas of the bulk material to be thawed that cannot be directly covered with water.

[0064] The microwave thawing unit includes at least one microwave thawing sub-unit; the thawing parameters include the operating conditions of the microwave thawing sub-units, the numbers of the microwave thawing sub-units, the microwave frequency bands corresponding to each number of the microwave thawing sub-units, and the microwave operating modes corresponding to each number of the microwave thawing sub-units; the operating conditions of the microwave thawing unit are cyclic irradiation and / or focused irradiation.

[0065] Here, the microwave thawing unit includes one or more microwave thawing sub-units. The microwave frequency bands generated by each microwave thawing sub-unit can be multiple fixed frequencies or any continuously adjustable frequencies. When the number of microwave thawing sub-units exceeds one, multiple microwave thawing sub-units form an array. At this time, the microwave thawing sub-units with the same frequency and those with different frequencies can be arranged alternately. Among them, the change in the microwave frequency band of the microwave thawing sub-unit can also be caused by the change in the microwave antenna structure in the microwave thawing sub-unit, resulting in different microwave frequencies.

[0066] The microwave thawing sub-unit can be single or multiple, and has flexible operating methods and microwave frequency bands. When the microwave thawing sub-unit is single, it can cover the entire range of the bulk material to be thawed. At this time, the microwave thawing sub-unit can perform cyclic irradiation relative to the bulk material to be thawed and heat the entire material by moving evenly, or it can move to a specific position to perform focused irradiation on the key area, thereby improving the thawing efficiency.

[0067] When the microwave thawing sub-units are multiple, each microwave thawing sub-unit covers a specific area of the bulk material to be thawed. Each microwave thawing sub-unit can perform cyclic irradiation or focused irradiation at the key position within its corresponding area. The coverage areas of all microwave thawing sub-units together form a complete thawing range in which the microwave spatial energy distribution is adapted to the freezing uniformity of the bulk material to be thawed, thereby ensuring the overall thawing of the bulk material to be thawed.

[0068] In an embodiment, a transport train loaded with coal passes through a mountainous area after snow. Due to high air humidity and the infiltration of external rain and snow, some coal freezes with the inner wall of the car body. After arriving at the destination, this frozen coal needs to be thawed for unloading and subsequent processing.

[0069] The train arrives at the destination, and the coal-loaded car body enters the thawing chamber. The vehicle information of the carrier is determined to be a certain type of train car body, and the real-time freezing state information of the bulk material to be thawed is determined that the surface temperature of the coal is -10°C, the internal temperature is -5°C, and the coal is in a state where it cannot be unloaded, with partial freezing.

[0070] Based on the corresponding relationship between the state information and the thawing parameters, determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the coal.

[0071] Step S103, control the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so that free water is formed on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed; control the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk material to be thawed; wherein, the free water is flowing liquid water.

[0072] In one embodiment, in step S103, the step of controlling the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so that free water is formed on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed includes:

[0073] If the free water generation method is the spraying method, control the spraying thawing subunit to spray free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed based on the thawing water volume.

[0074] And / or, if the free water generation method is the heating method, control the heating thawing subunit to heat the carrier for the thawing duration so that the frozen water in the bulk material to be thawed is converted into free water; the frozen water is immobile solid water.

[0075] Specifically, if it is determined that the thawing parameter corresponding to the coal is that the free water generation method is the spraying method and the thawing water volume is 1000 ml / m². Control the spraying thawing subunit to spray 1000 ml / m² of water on the surface of the coal. The free water has the effect of strongly absorbing microwave energy and quickly heating up. After the high-temperature free water contacts the surface layer of the coal, the frozen water on the surface layer of the coal is quickly converted into free water (i.e., flowing liquid water). After the frozen water is converted into free water, its dielectric constant increases rapidly, and its physical property changes from being difficult to absorb microwaves to strongly absorbing microwaves. This process forms an avalanche effect. During the process of the hot water penetrating into the coal, it continuously absorbs microwave energy, so that the frozen water on the penetration path is quickly converted into free water (i.e., flowing liquid water). These newly converted free waters and the penetrated water all become waters with strong microwave energy absorption ability, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid thawing.

[0076] In one embodiment, in step S103, the step of controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk material to be thawed includes:

[0077] When the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit is cyclic irradiation, control the microwave thawing subunit corresponding to the microwave thawing subunit number to move relative to the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit, so that each microwave thawing subunit performs microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the microwave frequency band.

[0078] And / or, when the working mode of the microwave thawing unit subunit is focused irradiation, control the microwave thawing subunit corresponding to the microwave thawing subunit number to perform microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit and the microwave frequency band.

[0079] Specifically, if the microwave thawing unit includes a microwave thawing subunit, and the corresponding working mode of the microwave thawing subunit is cyclic irradiation, and the microwave frequency band is a combined frequency band of 915 MHz and 2450 MHz. Control the microwave thawing subunit to start working, and this subunit can move from one end of the railway wagon to the other end, and cyclically irradiate the entire coal layer evenly with the combined frequency band of 915 MHz and 2450 MHz to ensure that all coal is heated and thawed. If it is detected that a certain part of the coal is more severely frozen, this subunit can stay at this part and perform focused irradiation to enhance the thawing effect.

[0080] Among them, by adopting the combined frequency band, it can effectively penetrate different depths of the coal, form a relatively uniform three-dimensional thawing of the microwave energy field or form a spatial distribution of microwave energy according to the spatial temperature distribution of the frozen materials.

[0081] If the microwave thawing unit includes multiple microwave thawing subunits, each subunit corresponds to an area inside the railway wagon, such as the front, middle, and rear parts. Determine the working mode corresponding to each microwave thawing subunit based on the thawing parameters. Each subunit can cover the coal in its corresponding area through cyclic irradiation, and at the same time, perform focused irradiation when local frozen blocks are detected. The irradiated areas of all subunits added together can ensure the complete thawing of the whole wagon of coal.

[0082] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 3 , after the steps of step S103, the method further includes:

[0083] Step S301, obtain the real-time freezing state information of the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0084] Step S302, judge whether the real-time freezing degree in the real-time freezing state information is the unloading degree.

[0085] Step S303, if it is, control the thawing equipment to stop working.

[0086] Step S304, if it is not, adjust the thawing parameters according to the real-time freezing uniformity and the real-time freezing degree.

[0087] Here, after the thawing device completes thawing, the real-time freezing status information of the bulk materials to be thawed is obtained again to detect the thawing effect. If the bulk materials to be thawed have been successfully thawed and separated from the carrier, the thawing device is controlled to stop working and wait for unloading. If the thawing effect is incomplete, the thawing parameters can be adjusted according to the new real-time status information, and the thawing process is repeated until the ideal thawing effect is achieved.

[0088] In one embodiment, the thawing device further includes a water vapor extraction device, and the water vapor extraction device is arranged in the thawing chamber.

[0089] Refer to Figure 4 , after the steps of step S103, the method further includes:

[0090] Step S401, detecting the real-time water vapor concentration in the carrier through the water vapor extraction device.

[0091] Here, an air humidity sensor is arranged in the water vapor extraction device. During the thawing process, the bulk materials to be thawed will generate water vapor, and the real-time water vapor concentration corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed is obtained through the air humidity sensor.

[0092] Step S402, determining whether the real-time water vapor concentration reaches a preset concentration threshold.

[0093] Here, the preset concentration threshold is preset according to the actual situation.

[0094] Step S403, if so, controlling the water vapor extraction device to discharge the water vapor in the carrier until the real-time water vapor concentration is lower than the concentration threshold.

[0095] Here, if the real-time water vapor concentration reaches the concentration threshold, the water vapor is discharged through the water vapor module.

[0096] An exhaust pipe and a suction and discharge power component are also arranged in the water vapor extraction device, and the exhaust pipe is arranged above or on the side of the thawing chamber. When the water vapor generated by the bulk materials to be thawed reaches the preset concentration threshold, the start-up work of the water vapor extraction device is triggered to discharge the water vapor, reducing the loss of microwave energy by the water vapor. Among them, the exhaust pipe is made of a material that does not absorb or absorbs very little microwave energy.

[0097] In one embodiment, the thawing device further includes an alarm device, and the alarm device is arranged in the thawing chamber.

[0098] Here, the alarm device includes a temperature sensor, and adopts a thermal infrared imaging method or a point temperature measurement method or a distributed contact temperature measurement method.

[0099] The alarm device also includes an audible and visual alarm component, which is used to alarm through sound or light or electricity (or a combination of these methods) when the temperature in the thawing chamber is abnormal.

[0100] Further, the alarm device further includes a microwave leakage detection component for preventing microwave leakage. When the microwave leakage detection component detects that the microwave leakage amount exceeds a preset leakage amount threshold, an alarm is given.

[0101] Referring to Figure 5 , the method further includes:

[0102] Step S501, detecting the real-time temperature within each preset regional step through the alarm device.

[0103] Here, the preset regional step is preset according to the actual situation. The thawing chamber is divided into multiple regions through the regional step, and a temperature sensor is arranged in each region. The real-time temperature within the region is detected through the temperature sensor in each region.

[0104] Step S502, determining whether the real-time temperature within each preset regional step is within a preset temperature threshold range.

[0105] Here, the temperature threshold range is preset according to the actual situation and can be set to 0°C - 90°C. When the temperature of a certain region exceeds 90°C, it is determined that the heating of this region is excessive. When the temperature of a certain region is lower than 0°C, it is determined that the heating of this region is insufficient.

[0106] Step S503, if the real-time temperature of any one preset regional step is not within the preset temperature threshold range, controlling the alarm device to give an alarm, and controlling the thawing device to adjust the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed within the preset regional step.

[0107] Here, the temperature within each preset regional step is monitored in real time. If the temperature of a certain region is not within the preset temperature threshold range, the alarm device will trigger an alarm. The form of the alarm can be sound, light or electrical signals (or a combination of these signals) to remind the operator of the temperature anomaly. After the alarm, the thawing device can automatically adjust the operation of the microwave thawing unit according to the alarm information, such as reducing or increasing the heating power, or directly stopping the thawing operation of this region to prevent the material from overheating or not being thawed properly.

[0108] Specifically, when the temperature of a certain region reaches 95°C due to excessive heating, the alarm device will give an alarm through sound, light and electrical signals, and reduce the heating power of this region or even stop heating to prevent overheating damage to the carrier or coal.

[0109] In another region, if the thawing device detects that the freezing degree of the coal has reached the thawing requirement (that is, the frozen moisture has all turned into liquid water), at this time the thawing device will send an alarm signal to the alarm device to prompt the operator that the thawing of this region is completed, and stop the heating operation of this region to save energy.

[0110] Among them, based on the vehicle type, it is also possible to obtain the component temperature thresholds corresponding to components with temperature limitations such as the surface coating layer, rubber components, and components using oil working fluids corresponding to the vehicle. When the real-time temperature of these components exceeds the component temperature threshold, the alarm device will also give an alarm.

[0111] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for thawing bulk materials, which is applied to a thawing device. The thawing device includes a thawing chamber that can accommodate a vehicle and thawing equipment. The vehicle is used to carry the bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing equipment includes a free water generation unit and a microwave thawing unit; the method includes: if it is detected that the vehicle enters the thawing chamber, obtaining the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; the real-time status information includes the vehicle information of the vehicle and the real-time freezing status information of the bulk materials to be thawed; based on the correspondence between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters, determining the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; controlling the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters so that free water is formed on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed; controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed; wherein, the free water is flowing liquid water. In this way, free water can be formed on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed, and by simultaneously heating the bulk materials to be thawed and the free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed by microwave, the deficiencies of the existing microwave thawing technology in dealing with the freezing problem of granular materials are effectively solved. By first generating free water and then combining multi-frequency microwave irradiation, the thawing efficiency is significantly improved, the thawing time is significantly shortened, energy consumption is reduced, and the transportation efficiency is improved.

[0112] Embodiment Two:

[0113] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the thawing system for bulk materials provided by Embodiment Two of the present invention.

[0114] The thawing system for bulk materials is applied to a thawing device. The thawing device includes a thawing chamber that can accommodate a vehicle and thawing equipment. The vehicle is used to carry the bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing equipment includes a free water generation unit and a microwave thawing unit.

[0115] Referring to Figure 6 , the system includes:

[0116] A real-time status information acquisition module 1, configured to obtain the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed if it is detected that the vehicle enters the thawing chamber; the real-time status information includes the vehicle information of the vehicle and the real-time freezing status information of the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0117] A thawing parameter determination module 2, configured to determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed based on the correspondence between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters.

[0118] The thawing module 3 is used to control the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters, so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed; and control the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk material to be thawed; wherein, the free water is flowable liquid water.

[0119] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 6 , when the real-time status information is real-time freezing status information, the real-time status information acquisition module 1 is further used for:

[0120] Acquire the real-time physical property parameters of the bulk material to be thawed; the physical property parameters are used to characterize the frozen temperature spatial distribution state of the bulk material to be thawed.

[0121] Input the real-time physical property parameters into a pre-trained freezing status model to obtain the real-time freezing uniformity and real-time freezing degree corresponding to the bulk material to be thawed.

[0122] Judge whether the real-time freezing degree is a preset unloading degree.

[0123] If not, generate real-time freezing status information according to the real-time freezing uniformity and real-time freezing degree.

[0124] In one embodiment, the free water generation unit includes a spraying thawing subunit and a heating thawing subunit; the thawing parameters include at least one free water generation method, and the free water generation method is a spraying method and / or a heating method; the thawing parameters further include the thawing water volume corresponding to the spraying method and / or the thawing duration corresponding to the heating method. Referring to Figure 6 , the thawing module 3 is further used for:

[0125] If the free water generation method is the spraying method, control the spraying thawing subunit to spray free water on the surface of the bulk material to be thawed based on the thawing water volume.

[0126] And / or, if the free water generation method is the heating method, control the heating thawing subunit to heat the carrier for the thawing duration, so as to convert the frozen water in the bulk material to be thawed into free water; the frozen water is immobile solid water.

[0127] In one embodiment, the microwave thawing unit includes at least one microwave thawing subunit; the thawing parameters include the microwave thawing subunit number, the microwave frequency band corresponding to each microwave thawing subunit number, and the microwave thawing subunit working mode; the microwave thawing subunit working mode is cyclic irradiation and / or focused irradiation. Referring to Figure 6 , the thawing module 3 is further used for:

[0128] When the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit is cyclic irradiation, control the microwave thawing subunit corresponding to the microwave thawing subunit number to move relative to the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit, so that each microwave thawing subunit performs microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the microwave frequency band.

[0129] And / or, when the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit is focused irradiation, control the microwave thawing subunit corresponding to the microwave thawing subunit number to perform microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit and the microwave frequency band.

[0130] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 6 , the thawing module 3 is further configured to:

[0131] Obtain the real-time freezing state information of the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0132] Judge whether the real-time freezing degree in the real-time freezing state information is the unloading degree.

[0133] If so, control the thawing equipment to stop working.

[0134] If not, adjust the thawing parameters according to the real-time freezing uniformity and the real-time freezing degree.

[0135] In one embodiment, the thawing device further includes a water vapor extraction device, and the water vapor extraction device is arranged in the thawing chamber. Referring to Figure 7 , the thawing system of the bulk materials further includes a water vapor treatment module 4, and the water vapor treatment module 4 is used for:

[0136] Detect the real-time water vapor concentration in the carrier through the water vapor extraction device.

[0137] Judge whether the real-time water vapor concentration reaches the preset concentration threshold.

[0138] If so, control the water vapor extraction device to discharge the water vapor in the carrier until the real-time water vapor concentration is lower than the concentration threshold.

[0139] In one embodiment, the thawing device further includes an alarm device, and the alarm device is arranged in the thawing chamber. Referring to Figure 7 , the thawing system of the bulk materials further includes an alarm module 5, and the alarm module 5 is used for:

[0140] Detect the real-time temperature within each preset regional step through the alarm device.

[0141] Judge whether the real-time temperature within each preset regional step is within the preset temperature threshold range.

[0142] If the real-time temperature of any preset regional step is not within the preset temperature threshold range, control the alarm device to give an alarm, and control the thawing device to adjust the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed within the preset regional step.

[0143] An embodiment of the present invention provides a thawing system for bulk materials, which can form free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed. By simultaneously heating the bulk materials to be thawed and the free water of the bulk materials to be thawed by microwaves, the deficiencies of the existing microwave thawing technology in dealing with the freezing problem of granular materials are effectively solved. By first generating free water and then combining multi-frequency microwave irradiation, the thawing efficiency is significantly improved, the thawing time is significantly shortened, the energy consumption is reduced, and the transportation efficiency is improved.

[0144] Embodiment III:

[0145] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the thawing device provided for Embodiment III of the present invention.

[0146] Refer to Figure 8 , the thawing device includes a thawing chamber 11 that can accommodate a carrier, a control device 12, and a thawing device 13 connected to the control device 12; it further includes the thawing system 14 of the above-mentioned bulk materials; the thawing system 14 of the bulk materials is deployed in the control device 12; the carrier is used to hold the bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing device 13 includes a free water generation unit 131 and a microwave thawing unit 132.

[0147] The control device 12 is used to obtain the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed in the carrier entering the thawing chamber 11; determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed based on the corresponding relationship between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters; and control the operation of the free water generation unit 131 and the microwave thawing unit 132 according to the thawing parameters.

[0148] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 9 , the thawing device further includes a pushing device 15, a water vapor extraction device 16, an alarm device 17, and a physical property detection device 18 respectively connected to the control device 12; the pushing device 15 is connected to the microwave thawing unit 132; the microwave thawing unit 132 includes at least one microwave thawing subunit 1321; the physical property detection device 18 is arranged in the thawing chamber 11; the physical property detection device 18 includes at least one sensor; the free water generation unit 131 includes a spraying thawing subunit 1311 and a heating thawing subunit 1312.

[0149] The control device 12 is further used to control the pushing device 15 to drive the microwave thawing subunit 1321 to move according to the thawing parameters.

[0150] The control device 12 is further configured to receive the real-time water vapor concentration sent by the water vapor extraction device 16 and control the operation of the water vapor extraction device 16 based on a preset operation standard of the water vapor extraction device.

[0151] The control device 12 is further configured to control the operation of the alarm device 17 based on a preset operation standard of the alarm device according to the real-time temperature sent by the alarm device 17.

[0152] Here, the control device 12 is further configured to detect the radiation amount of the microwave leakage detection device in real time, and when the real-time data exceeds a preset threshold value, trigger the operation of the alarm device 17.

[0153] The physical property detection device 18 is configured to obtain the physical property parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed.

[0154] Specifically, the pushing device 15 has a three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom moving space. A pushing buffer mechanism is installed on the pushing device 15, which has a three-dimensional six-degree-of-freedom moving space and is connected to the open surface of the carrier through a support frame. The moving space of the microwave thawing sub-unit 1321 is located inside the carrier. The microwave shielding component of the microwave thawing sub-unit 1321 and the space inside the carrier form a microwave heating cavity that does not leak microwave energy or has a leakage amount less than the relevant regulatory limit index. The buffer mechanism plays a role in buffering and cushioning during the contact process between the microwave thawing unit 132 and the carrier.

[0155] The pushing device 15 includes a fixed support member and a movable support member. When the carrier is a railroad car body, the thawing chamber 11 is built based on the track direction. The position of the railroad car body is determined every time it is thawed. On both sides of the railroad car body are the fixed support members of the pushing device 15. The fixed support members can be columnar structures, wall structures, etc. built on both sides of the railroad car body, or can be portal structures, mouth-shaped structures built around the railroad car body in the direction perpendicular to the track. Their function is to connect the pushing device 15 and establish a support connection point for connecting the pushing device 15.

[0156] When the carrier is a movable carrier such as an automobile or a trailer, multiple pushing devices 15 based on the movable support members constitute multi-point and simultaneous heating of one or more vehicles. The pushing device 15 is connected to the movable support members. Here, the movable support members are the support members built on movable carriers such as automobiles and trailers. When thawing car bodies such as freight trucks and tanker trucks that do not have repeated parking conditions, it is suitable to use movable support members to build the pushing device 15. In the case where there is no power supply from the power grid at the site of the temporary thawing car body, the automobile serving as the movable support member can carry a generator or energy storage equipment to provide power supply for thawing.

[0157] The spraying and thawing subunit 1311 includes a spraying component and a water delivery pipeline. The spraying component and the water delivery pipeline are made of materials transparent to microwave energy and are located inside the microwave heating cavity. There are many distributed water outlet holes on the side facing the bulk materials to be thawed. The switch for controlling the size of the water spraying volume and the on / off is outside the microwave radiation area. After the spraying switch is turned off, there is no water in the water delivery pipe in the irradiation area.

[0158] Among them, the spraying head in the spraying component uses a flexible or rigid surface structure. The water sprayed by the planar-structured spraying head completely covers the bulk materials to be thawed. The planar structure of the spraying and thawing subunit 1311 separates the microwave antenna space from the frozen material space, avoiding the pollution and / or damage of the bulk materials to be thawed and water vapor to the microwave thawing unit 132.

[0159] The heating and thawing subunit 1312 uses the electromagnetic heating mode. By attaching the heating coil to the outer surface of the carrier, the temperature of the carrier rises, causing the ice of the bulk materials to be thawed near the inner surface of the carrier to melt into free water. At the same time, the thawed and heated bulk materials to be thawed conduct heat energy to the interior of the materials as a heat source.

[0160] Among them, the electromagnetic induction heating coil contacts the carrier through the pushing device 15. The electromagnetic induction coil bracket is made of elastic and / or flexible insulating materials. One electromagnetic induction controller can control one or more electromagnetic induction coils. The electromagnetic induction coil is a planar coil or a curved surface coil. The shape of the planar coil is circular or rectangular or triangular or trapezoidal, and the shape of the curved surface coil is the same as the shape of the outer surface of the carrier. The electromagnetic induction heating coil is equipped with an adsorption component that adsorbs to the carrier. The adsorption component is an electromagnet and / or a suction cup. Preferably, a heat transfer plate is installed on the electromagnetic induction heating coil. The heat transfer plate has magnetism. The heat transfer plate can be rigid or flexible or elastic. The heat transfer plate is an integral plate or multiple small plates connected into a large plate.

[0161] The microwave thawing unit 132 includes at least one microwave thawing subunit 1321 and a liftable bracket. Each microwave thawing subunit 1321 includes a microwave generator, a waveguide, an antenna, a wake-up device cooling component, and a microwave shielding component. The microwave thawing subunit 1321 is fixed on the liftable bracket. The power supply and control cables are arranged along the liftable bracket and connected to the power distribution equipment. Microwaves are generated by the microwave generator and transmitted to the bulk materials to be thawed through the waveguide and the antenna to heat and thaw the bulk materials to be thawed in the carrier. Among them, the microwave thawing unit 132 has a microwave shielding component, and the metal carrier and the microwave shielding component form a microwave heating cavity to avoid microwave leakage.

[0162] Among them, the cooling water inlet of the microwave generator is supplied externally. The hot water flowing out after absorbing heat energy has multiple outlets, including the inlet of the water spraying and thawing subunit 1311, the circulating water storage tank, and the inlet of the external hot water comprehensive utilization equipment.

[0163] An air humidity sensor is provided in the water vapor extraction device 16. During the thawing process, the bulk materials to be thawed will generate water vapor, and the real-time water vapor concentration corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed is obtained through the air humidity sensor. A steam exhaust pipe and a suction and exhaust power component are also provided in the water vapor extraction device, and the steam exhaust pipe is arranged above or on the side of the thawing chamber 11. When the water vapor generated by the bulk materials to be thawed reaches a preset concentration threshold, the water vapor extraction device 16 is triggered to start working to remove the water vapor and reduce the loss of microwave energy caused by the water vapor. Among them, the steam exhaust pipe is made of a material that does not absorb or hardly absorbs microwave energy.

[0164] The alarm device 17 includes a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is a contact temperature measurement sensor or an infrared radiation temperature measurement sensor, and adopts a thermal infrared imaging method, a point temperature measurement method or a distributed contact temperature measurement. The temperature sensor is connected to the control device 12 by a wired or wireless method. The alarm device 17 also includes a sound and light alarm component, which is used to alarm by sound, light or electricity (or a combination of these methods) when the temperature in the thawing chamber 11 is abnormal or the microwave leakage exceeds the limit.

[0165] Among them, when the temperature sensor is a contact temperature measurement sensor, the contact temperature measurement sensor contacts the carrier 15, and the position, time and temperature data of each temperature measurement point are collected. Through data visualization, the temperature of the entire carrier temperature measurement point can be displayed. Further, the real-time temperature field of the car body can be obtained through interpolation to form a carrier temperature change diagram.

[0166] When the temperature sensor is an infrared radiation temperature measurement sensor, based on the point temperature measurement, point scanning imaging temperature measurement and thermal infrared imaging methods, the real-time radiation temperature field of the car body is obtained. Further, the radiation temperature measurement data is corrected to obtain the thermodynamic temperature of the carrier, and the multi-temporal temperature field forms a carrier temperature change diagram.

[0167] The parameters obtained by the physical property detection device 18 using the sensor are conductivity or / and dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent value or / and temperature or / and mechanical wave velocity or / and spectral data, and the freezing state of the bulk materials to be thawed is inverted based on the obtained physical property parameters of the bulk materials to be thawed. The physical property parameter acquisition method adopts non-contact detection technology or contact detection technology.

[0168] The embodiment of the present invention provides a thawing device, which is based on microwave and electromagnetic induction heating technologies, combines spraying liquid water for three-dimensional heating, and can realize the rapid thawing of bulk materials to be thawed. It can also monitor the thawing process in real time through temperature and physical property parameters, and adjust the working states of each heating component to ensure efficient and uniform thawing.

[0169] The computer program product provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing program code, and the instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments. For specific implementation, reference can be made to the method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0170] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0171] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0172] If the above functions are implemented in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program code.

[0173] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0174] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting it. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims described therein.

Claims

1. A thawing method for bulk materials, characterized in that, Applied to a thawing device, which includes a thawing chamber and thawing equipment capable of accommodating a carrier. The carrier is used to hold the bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing equipment includes a free water generating unit and a microwave thawing unit; the method includes: If it is detected that the carrier enters the thawing chamber, obtain the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; the real-time status information includes the carrier information of the carrier and the real-time freezing status information of the bulk materials to be thawed; Based on the corresponding relationship between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters, determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; Control the free water generating unit to operate according to the thawing parameters, so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed; control the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed; wherein, the free water is flowing liquid water.

2. The thawing method of bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the real-time status information is the real-time freezing status information, the step of obtaining the real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed includes: Obtain the real-time physical property parameters of the bulk materials to be thawed; the physical property parameters are used to characterize the frozen temperature spatial distribution state of the bulk materials to be thawed; Input the real-time physical property parameters into a pre-trained freezing status model to obtain the real-time freezing uniformity and real-time freezing degree corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; Judge whether the real-time freezing degree is the preset unloading degree; If not, generate the real-time freezing status information according to the real-time freezing uniformity and the real-time freezing degree.

3. The thawing method for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The free water generating unit includes a spraying thawing sub-unit and a heating thawing sub-unit; the thawing parameters include at least one free water generating method, and the free water generating method is a spraying method and / or a heating method; the thawing parameters also include the thawing water volume corresponding to the spraying method and / or the thawing duration corresponding to the heating method; The step of controlling the free water generating unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to form free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed for the free water generating unit includes: If the free water generating method is the spraying method, control the spraying thawing sub-unit to spray the free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed based on the thawing water volume; And / or, If the free water generating method is the heating method, control the heating thawing sub-unit to heat the carrier for the thawing duration, so as to convert the frozen water in the bulk materials to be thawed into the free water; the frozen water is immobile solid water.

4. The thawing method for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave thawing unit includes at least one microwave thawing sub-unit; the thawing parameters include the microwave thawing sub-unit number, the microwave frequency band corresponding to each microwave thawing sub-unit number, and the microwave thawing sub-unit working mode; the microwave thawing sub-unit working mode is cyclic irradiation and / or focused irradiation; The step of controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed includes: When the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit is the cyclic irradiation, control the microwave thawing subunit corresponding to the microwave thawing subunit number to move relative to the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit, so that each microwave thawing subunit performs microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the microwave frequency band; and / or, When the working mode of the microwave thawing unit subunit is the focused irradiation, control the microwave thawing subunit corresponding to the microwave thawing subunit number to perform microwave heating on the bulk materials to be thawed according to the working mode of the microwave thawing subunit and the microwave frequency band.

5. The thawing method for bulk materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, Control the free water generating unit to operate according to the thawing parameters, so that free water is formed on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed; After the step of controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed, the method further includes: Obtain the real-time freezing state information of the bulk materials to be thawed; Judge whether the real-time freezing degree in the real-time freezing state information is the unloading degree; If so, control the thawing device to stop working; If not, adjust the thawing parameters according to the real-time freezing uniformity and the real-time freezing degree.

6. The thawing method for bulk materials according to claim 1, wherein The thawing device further includes a water vapor extraction device, and the water vapor extraction device is arranged in the thawing chamber; Control the free water generating unit to operate according to the thawing parameters, so that free water is formed on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed; After the step of controlling the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed, the method further includes: Detect the real-time water vapor concentration in the carrier through the water vapor extraction device; Judge whether the real-time water vapor concentration reaches a preset concentration threshold; If so, control the water vapor extraction device to discharge the water vapor in the carrier until the real-time water vapor concentration is lower than the concentration threshold.

7. The thawing method for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thawing device further includes an alarm device, and the alarm device is arranged in the thawing chamber; The method further includes: Detect the real-time temperature in each preset area step through the alarm device; Judge whether the real-time temperature in each preset area step is within the preset temperature threshold range; If the real-time temperature in any one of the preset area steps is not within the preset temperature threshold range, control the alarm device to give an alarm, and control the thawing device to adjust the thawing parameters corresponding to the work of the bulk materials to be thawed in the preset area step.

8. A thawing system for bulk materials, characterized in that, Applied to a thawing device, the thawing device includes a thawing chamber and a thawing device that can accommodate a carrier, the carrier is used to carry bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing device includes a free water generating unit and a microwave thawing unit; the system includes: A real-time state information acquisition module, configured to obtain the real-time state information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed if it is detected that the carrier enters the thawing chamber; the real-time state information includes the carrier information of the carrier and the real-time freezing state information of the bulk materials to be thawed; A thawing parameter determination module, configured to determine thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed based on the correspondence between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters; A thawing module, configured to control the free water generation unit to operate according to the thawing parameters, so as to form free water on the surface of the bulk materials to be thawed; control the microwave thawing unit to operate according to the thawing parameters to thaw the bulk materials to be thawed; wherein the free water is flowing liquid water.

9. A thawing device, characterized in that, It includes a thawing chamber that can accommodate a vehicle, a control device, and a thawing device connected to the control device; it further includes the thawing system for bulk materials described in claim 8 above; the thawing system for bulk materials is deployed in the control device; the vehicle is used to carry the bulk materials to be thawed, and the thawing device includes a free water generation unit and a microwave thawing unit; The control device is configured to acquire real-time status information corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed in the vehicle entering the thawing chamber; Based on the correspondence between the real-time status information and the preset status information - thawing parameters, determine the thawing parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed; and control the operation of the free water generation unit and the microwave thawing unit according to the thawing parameters.

10. The thawing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thawing device further includes a pushing device, a water vapor extraction device, an alarm device, and a physical property detection device respectively connected to the control device; the pushing device is connected to the microwave thawing unit; the microwave thawing unit includes at least one microwave thawing subunit; the physical property detection device is arranged in the thawing chamber; the physical property detection device includes at least one sensor; the free water generation unit includes a spraying thawing subunit and a heating thawing subunit; The control device is further configured to control the pushing device to drive the microwave thawing subunit to move according to the thawing parameters; The control device is further configured to receive the real-time water vapor concentration sent by the water vapor extraction device and control the operation of the water vapor extraction device based on the preset operation standard of the water vapor extraction device; The control device is further configured to control the operation of the alarm device based on the real-time temperature sent by the alarm device and the preset operation standard of the alarm device; The physical property detection device is configured to acquire physical property parameters corresponding to the bulk materials to be thawed.

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