Cost-saving and efficient kiwi fruit pollination method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cost-saving and efficient kiwi fruit pollination method, which belongs to the field of biotechnology and agriculture, and comprises the following steps: S1, removing male plants in an orchard, and planting a female plant grafted with two male branches at the original position of the male plants; s2, grafting 1-3 male branches for female plants in the orchard; s3, cutting back the male branches after the flowering phase; s4, trimming the female branches in winter of the second year after the male branches are grafted; s5, pollination is conducted in an insect pollination mode and / or a wind pollination mode. According to the method, male plants are updated into female plants in the kiwi fruit orchard transformation process, the number of the female plants is increased, and the yield is increased; male branches are grafted to female plants, the male branches are evenly distributed in the whole orchard, the pollination success rate through natural resources such as insects and wind power is increased, meanwhile, the pollination success rate is further guaranteed by introducing artificially-fed pollination insects or a mechanical blowing mode to assist a pollination mode, and the labor cost is reduced; in the implementation process of the technology, pollen does not need to be purchased, and the cost of purchasing pollination materials is completely reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for pollinating kiwifruit, and particularly to a cost-saving and efficient method for pollinating kiwifruit. Background Art

[0002] Kiwifruit is an important fruit tree in China. Its fruit has high nutritional value, rich in vitamin C, soluble dietary fiber and various minerals, with comprehensive nutrition, and is known as the "king of fruits". Since kiwifruit is a dioecious plant, the proportion of male plants is relatively small during the planting process. The highest reported proportion of male plants in the orchard is 1:8, and even some orchards do not have male plants configured; as a result, it is very difficult for kiwifruit to successfully complete pollination by natural means such as insects and wind. At present, many methods have been studied and popularized in the production process to solve the pollination problem, such as artificial male flower cross-pollination, artificial dot pollination, artificial mechanical powder spraying pollination, artificial liquid pollination, etc.; these pollination methods mainly rely on manual work. Although the pollination problem is solved to a certain extent, new problems are also brought, such as increasing labor costs and pollen procurement costs. This technology starts from transforming the orchard, mainly relying on natural resources such as insects (represented by bees) and wind during the flowering period, and using mechanical wind pollination as an auxiliary means when necessary to complete pollination, establishing a low-cost and high-efficiency kiwifruit pollination technology in order to fundamentally solve the kiwifruit pollination problem. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cost-saving and efficient method for pollinating kiwifruit to solve the problems that the traditional kiwifruit pollination method is time-consuming, laborious and costly.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the specific scheme is as follows:

[0005] A cost-saving and efficient method for pollinating kiwifruit, comprising the steps of:

[0006] S1: Remove the male plants in the orchard, and then replant a female plant grafted with two male branches at the original position of the male plants;

[0007] S2: Graft 1-3 male branches for the female plants in the orchard;

[0008] S3: After the flowering period, cut back the male branches. When cutting back, each male branch retains 2-3 buds. After new male branches grow, retain one thick male branch and remove the rest; during winter pruning, the length of the pruned male branches is equal to that of the female branches;

[0009] S4: Prune the female branches in the second winter after grafting the male branches to ensure that the number of female branches is the same as before the male branches were not grafted;

[0010] S5: Pollination, including two methods of insect pollination and / or wind pollination,

[0011] Insect pollination means artificially introducing artificially reared pollinating insects before the flowering amount reaches 5% to pollinate kiwifruit until the end of the flowering period;

[0012] Wind pollination means that during the period when the flowering is 30%-80%, a unidirectional wind is generated by mechanical means to blow the pollen of male branches to female branches, thereby completing the pollination operation.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S5, the insects used include artificially reared pollinating insects such as bees and bumblebees.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S5, the machinery used includes a hair dryer or a drone.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of wind pollinations is 2-3 times.

[0016] Furthermore, the two male branches grafted on a single female plant need to be in different directions; the grafted male branches on each female plant should be kept in the same direction.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. In the process of plant transformation, this technology updates male plants to female plants, increasing the number of female plants and facilitating yield increase.

[0019] 2. Reduce the labor cost of pollination. In the implementation process of this technology, only a large amount of labor is required for grafting male branches in the first year, and the labor consumption for pollination in the later stage is extremely small. Even when wind-assisted pollination is required for auxiliary operations, the labor consumption is still not large. One person can handle more than 10 mu per day with a hair dryer, and one person can handle more than 100 mu per day with a drone. Compared with the current method of manual powder application, the labor consumption for pollination is reduced by more than 90%.

[0020] 3. Reduce the material cost of pollination. In the implementation process of this technology, there is no need to purchase pollen, completely reducing the cost of purchasing pollination materials.

[0021] 4. Effectively reduce the spread of diseases. In the current production mode, pollen needs to be purchased, there is a risk of disease spread. In the implementation process of this technology, there is no need to purchase pollen, effectively reducing a high-risk disease transmission path.

[0022] 5. In the implementation process of this technology, pollination mainly relies on natural resources, reducing the dependence on labor and facilitating long-term development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of the present invention, and the illustrative embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram for orchard renovation. Specific implementation manners

[0025] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form can also include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprise" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or their combinations.

[0027] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and values do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorized specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in the subsequent drawings.

[0028] See Figure 1 As shown (the green plants in the figure are male plants and the green branches are male branches), the present invention provides a method for pollinating kiwifruit with low cost and high efficiency, including the steps:

[0029] S1: Renovation of male plants: Remove the male plants in the orchard, and then replant a female plant grafted with two male branches at the original position of the male plants to increase the number of fruiting branches in the orchard so as to increase the yield.

[0030] S2: Renovation of female plants: Graft 1 - 3 male branches to the female plants in the orchard.

[0031] S3: Management of male branches: After the flowering period, cut short the male branches to prevent the male branches from growing vigorously and competing for the nutrients of the fruit trees. When cutting short, leave 2 - 3 buds on each male branch. After new male branches grow, keep one thick male branch and remove the rest. During winter pruning, the length of the pruned male branches is equal to that of the female branches.

[0032] S4: Female branch management: Prune the male branches in the winter of the second year after grafting the male branches. During the pruning process, the number of female branches retained is the same as before grafting the male branches, and there is no need to reduce the number of female branches due to grafting the male branches to ensure an appropriate number of fruiting branches.

[0033] S5. Pollination: After the orchard is transformed, the male branches are evenly distributed in the orchard. Relying on natural resources such as insects (represented by bees) and wind, the pollination success rate is greatly improved. Therefore, the kiwifruit pollination in this application is mainly through two methods: insect pollination and / or wind pollination. Specifically:

[0034] Insect pollination: Artificially introduce insects to pollinate the kiwifruit before the flowering amount reaches 5% until the end of the flowering period.

[0035] Wind pollination: During the period when 30%-80% of the flowers are in bloom, use the mechanical method to generate one-way wind to blow the pollen of the male branches into the female branches, thus completing the pollination operation.

[0036] As a preference, the insects used include: artificially reared pollinating insects such as bees and bumblebees.

[0037] As a preference, the machinery used includes: a hair dryer or a drone. The specific operation is to blow the fruit trees with a hair dryer to promote the pollen scattering of male flowers, or use an agricultural drone to fly over the orchard and utilize the wind force of the drone propellers to promote pollen scattering, with higher efficiency.

[0038] As a preference, to ensure the pollination success rate, the "blowing" treatment should be carried out 2-3 times.

[0039] As a preference, in step S1, as Figure 1 shown, taking grafting 2 male branches for the transformation of the female plant as an example, the two male branches grafted on a single female plant need to be in different directions; in addition, the grafted male branches on each female plant in the orchard should be kept in the same direction, so that the male branches are evenly distributed throughout the orchard.

[0040] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for pollinating kiwifruit with reduced cost and high efficiency, characterized in that, Including the steps: S1: Remove the male plants in the orchard, and then replant a female plant grafted with two male branches at the original position of the male plants; S2: Graft 1 - 3 male branches onto the female plants in the orchard; S3: After the flowering period, cut back the male branches. When cutting back, leave 2 - 3 buds on each male branch. After new male branches grow, keep one thick male branch and remove the rest; during winter pruning, the length of the pruned male branches should be equal to that of the female branches; S4: Prune the female branches in the second winter after grafting the male branches to ensure that the number of female branches is the same as before the male branches were grafted; S5: Pollination, including two methods: insect pollination and / or wind pollination, The insect pollination is as follows: Artificially introduce artificially - cultured pollination insects before the flowering amount reaches 5% to pollinate kiwifruit until the end of the flowering period; The wind pollination is as follows: During the period when 30% - 80% of the flowers are in bloom, use a mechanical method to generate one - way wind to blow the pollen of the male branches onto the female branches, thus completing the pollination operation.

2. The method for efficiently pollinating kiwifruit with a shortened version according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the insects used for insect pollination are artificially - cultured pollination insects including: bees and / or bumblebees.

3. The method for highly efficient kiwifruit pollination according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, the machinery used for wind pollination includes: a hair dryer or a drone.

4. The method for efficiently pollinating kiwifruit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of wind pollination times is 2 - 3 times.

5. The method for efficiently pollinating kiwifruit with a concise version according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The two male branches grafted on a single female plant need to be in different directions; the grafted male branches on each female plant should be in the same direction.

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