Macadamia nut kernel screening device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nut meat screening, in particular to a macadamia nut meat screening device and method.The macadamia nut meat screening device comprises a first conveying belt, the first conveying belt comprises an inclined conveying face and a horizontal conveying face, and a second conveying belt is arranged over the horizontal conveying face in parallel; a first screening assembly is arranged on the inclined conveying face and comprises a screening roller, and screening claws are evenly distributed on the screening roller and used for removing half kernels and broken kernels. A second screening assembly is arranged on the second conveying belt and comprises side plates arranged on the two sides of the second conveying belt, a plurality of screening plates with different heights are arranged between the two side plates, and the screening plates are used for grading the whole nuts; the first conveying belt is combined with the second conveying belt for cooperative conveying, so that continuous operation of removing half kernels and broken kernels and grading whole kernels is realized; the screening rollers and the grading screening plate form a three-dimensional screening system, the problem that nut kernels repeatedly fall off due to a traditional multi-layer screen is solved, and the kernel breaking rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of macadamia nut kernel screening, and in particular to a macadamia nut kernel screening device and method. Background Art

[0002] Macadamia nuts, also known as Hawaiian nuts, have a kernel diameter of about 12.5 - 25 mm after ripening. The macadamia nut kernel screening device is a special equipment for grading the kernels during the processing and removing broken kernels and half-kernels. Its core purpose is to achieve efficient sorting of the kernels by mechanical means; the grading of whole kernels is usually divided into extra-large whole kernels, whole kernels, and small whole kernels. According to the requirements of "Macadamia Nut Kernels" (NY / T693 - 2020) regarding the "Grade Specification Index of Macadamia Nut Kernels": the kernel diameter of extra-large whole kernels ≥ 20 mm; the kernel diameter of whole kernels ≥ 16 mm; the kernel diameter of small whole kernels ≥ 12.5 mm.

[0003] The kernels are produced from the shelling machine, mixed with whole kernels, half-kernels, and broken kernels, and transported to the kernel screening device for screening. The screening device usually uses multiple layers of sieve meshes for stratification. The sieve hole sizes of each layer of sieve mesh are different, and the sieve holes are used to distinguish the specifications of the kernels. Since the diameters of half-kernels and whole kernels of the same specification are equal, only by sorting through sieve holes of a fixed size, the sieve hole parameters cannot be dynamically adjusted. Therefore, it is impossible to effectively screen half-kernels and whole kernels, resulting in low sorting efficiency and poor adaptability of half-kernels and whole kernels, and the sieve holes are easily blocked during the screening process; in addition, the existing screening device adopts a multi-layer sieve mesh structure, and the kernels are easily damaged by impact due to the height difference when falling between different sieve layers, resulting in a high broken kernel rate.

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a macadamia nut kernel screening device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a macadamia nut kernel screening device and method to solve the problems of poor applicability of the existing kernel screening device, inability to remove half-kernels and broken kernels in a process flow and grade the whole kernels; and the high broken kernel rate caused by the easy damage of the kernels by impact due to the height difference when falling between different sieve layers.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a macadamia nut kernel screening device, including a first conveyor belt. The first conveyor belt includes an inclined conveying surface and a horizontal conveying surface, and a second conveyor belt is arranged in parallel directly above the horizontal conveying surface; A first screening component is arranged on the inclined conveying surface. The first screening component includes a screening roller, and screening claws are evenly arranged on the screening roller. The screening claws are used to remove half-kernels and broken kernels; A second screening component is arranged on the second conveyor belt. The second screening component includes side plates arranged on both sides of the second conveyor belt, and a plurality of screening plates with different heights are arranged between the two side plates. The screening plates are used to grade the whole kernels.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: bearing seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inclined conveying surface, a sieve roller is arranged between the two bearing seats, the rotation direction of the sieve roller is the same as the transmission direction of the first conveyor belt, circular baffles are arranged on both sides of the sieve roller to match the width of the first conveyor belt, flow channels are evenly opened on the sieve roller between the two baffles, sieve claws are arranged on both sides of each flow channel along the radial direction of the sieve roller, the distance between adjacent two sieve claws is 12.5 mm, and multiple rows of sieve claws are arranged on the sieve roller along the axial direction.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: the end of the sieve claw is bent in the rotation direction of the sieve roller, the bending angle is 120° - 160°, and a claw head is arranged at the bending part, and the claw head is made of silica gel material.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: the included angle between the inclined conveying surface and the horizontal conveying surface is 135° - 150°.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: baffles are evenly arranged on the first conveyor belt in the vertical conveying direction, a plurality of arc-shaped baffle claws are evenly arranged on the baffles, gaps are arranged between adjacent baffle claws, and the width of the gap matches the width of the claw head.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: the vertical distance between adjacent baffles is equal to the arc length between adjacent two rows of claw heads, and when the sieve roller rotates, each row of sieve claws passes through the gap between the baffle claws in turn.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: the second screening component further includes a receiving plate arranged at the front end of the second conveyor belt, claw grooves adapted to the sieve claws are opened on the receiving plate, the included angle between the receiving plate and the second conveyor belt is 150° - 170°, a silica gel coating is arranged on the surface of the second conveyor belt, and the static friction coefficient of the silica gel coating is 0.5 - 0.8.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: vertical side plates are arranged on both sides of the receiving plate, three inclined screening plates are arranged in turn between the side plates, along the conveying direction, the vertical distances from the bottom edges of the three screening plates to the second conveyor belt are 20 mm, 16 mm and 12.5 mm in turn, discharge ports are respectively opened on the side plates at the ends of each screening plate along the conveying direction, a vertical auxiliary plate is arranged on the side plate on the front side of the conveying at the discharge port, the auxiliary plate is arranged perpendicular to the screening plate, and a passage is arranged at the foot of the perpendicular of the auxiliary plate and the screening plate.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: a feed bin is arranged at the front end of the inclined conveying surface, an inclined guide plate is arranged in the feed bin, the guide plate and the bottom of the feed bin form a strip-shaped feed port, and the width of the feed port is 30 mm.

[0015] A method for screening macadamia nuts includes the following steps: S1: The feeding bin receives the shelling machine. The shelling machine inputs the nuts into the feeding bin. The nuts move through the guide plate and the feeding port to the inclined conveying surface. S2: The nuts slide down under the action of gravity on the inclined conveying surface and are blocked by the arc-shaped claws of the retaining bar. When the retaining bar moves to the closest distance to the screening roller along the first conveyor belt, the claw heads of the screening claws pass through the gaps between the claws and pick up the whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm and a small amount of half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm. The bending angle of the claw head prevents the whole nuts from slipping. Most of the half nuts and broken nuts pass through the screening claws and continue to be conveyed on the first conveyor belt to complete the recycling.

[0016] S3: The screening roller rotates. When the screening claws rotate above the horizontal plane, the whole nuts and half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm roll along two adjacent screening claws. Due to insufficient integrity, the half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm slide off from the gaps between the screening claws during rolling and enter the first conveyor belt. The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm enter the flow channels on the screening roller. As the screening roller rotates, the whole nuts in the flow channels roll forward. The front row of screening claws blocks them from falling. When the front row of screening claws rotates below the horizontal plane, the whole nuts roll along two adjacent screening claws in the front row onto the receiving plate. The bending angle of the claw head plays a role in guiding the flow.

[0017] S4: The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm roll into the second conveyor belt through the receiving plate. The surface of the second conveyor belt is provided with a silica gel coating to hinder the rolling of the whole nuts. The whole nuts move along with the second conveyor belt.

[0018] S5: Screening of extra-large whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 20 mm: The whole nuts pass through the first screening plate. The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the first screening plate to the second conveyor belt is 20 mm. The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm are blocked by the first screening plate and move along the screening plate to the corresponding discharge port under the traction of the second conveyor belt to complete the screening of extra-large whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 20 mm. The auxiliary plate prevents the whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm from entering the discharge port beside the first screening plate. When the whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm on the side of the second conveyor belt touch the auxiliary plate, they will move away from the discharge port along the auxiliary plate under the conveying action of the second conveyor belt.

[0019] S6: Screening of whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm: The whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm move along with the second conveyor belt and pass through the second screening plate. The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the second screening plate to the second conveyor belt is 16 mm. The whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm are blocked by the second screening plate and move along the screening plate to the corresponding discharge port under the traction of the second conveyor belt to complete the screening of whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm. The auxiliary plate prevents the whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm from entering the discharge port beside the second screening plate. When the whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm on the side of the second conveyor belt touch the auxiliary plate, they will move away from the discharge port along the auxiliary plate under the conveying action of the second conveyor belt.

[0020] S7: Screening of small whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm: The whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm move along with the second conveyor belt and pass through the third screening plate. The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the third screening plate to the second conveyor belt is 12.5 mm. The whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm are blocked by the third screening plate and move along the screening plate to the corresponding discharge port under the traction of the second conveyor belt, completing the screening of small whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm.

[0021] Adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. A macadamia nut kernel screening device provided by the present invention performs multi-level screening on nut kernels through a process-based operation; the inclined conveying surface and the horizontal conveying surface of the first conveyor belt, combined with the second conveyor belt, cooperate to convey, realizing the continuous operation of removing semi-kernels and broken kernels and grading whole kernels; the screening rollers of the first screening component and the grading screening plates of the second screening component form a three-dimensional screening system, avoiding the problem of repeated dropping of nut kernels caused by traditional multi-layer sieves, and reducing the broken kernel rate by about 40%-50%.

[0022] 2. A macadamia nut kernel screening device provided by the present invention forms a dynamic screening with the screening claws and claw heads on the screening rollers. The elastic deformation of the silicone material of the claw heads realizes the precise separation of whole kernels and semi-kernels. The bending angle of the claw heads is 120°-160°, avoiding the slipping of whole kernels. Most semi-kernels and broken kernels pass through the screening claws and continue to be conveyed on the first conveyor belt. A small amount of semi-kernels with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm are picked up, but due to their insufficient integrity, they will slip through the gaps during the rolling of the screening claws. The semi-kernel screening efficiency is increased to more than 95%. The whole kernels with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm are stably conveyed through the flow channel. As the screening rollers rotate, the whole kernels in the flow channel roll forward. The front row of screening claws blocks them from falling. When the front row of screening claws rotates below the horizontal plane, the whole kernels roll along two adjacent screening claws in the front row onto the receiving plate. The bending angle of the claw heads plays a guiding role. The inclination angle design of the receiving plate of 150°-170° cooperates with the guiding of the silicone claw heads, enabling the whole kernels to slide onto the second conveyor belt at a low speed of ≤ 0.1 m / s, avoiding surface damage of the kernels caused by collision.

[0023] 3. A macadamia nut kernel screening device provided by the present invention is evenly provided with a plurality of arc-shaped retaining claws on the retaining strip, and gaps are provided between adjacent retaining claws. The width of the gaps matches the width of the claw heads. The retaining claws block the nuts from sliding down, and in combination with the inclination angle of the inclined conveying surface, it is beneficial for the claw heads to fully pick up the nuts.

[0024] 4. The macadamia nut kernel screening device provided by the present invention is conducive to accurately grading the whole kernels by setting multiple screening plates. Specifically, the second conveyor belt realizes the accurate grading of extra-large whole kernels with a diameter ≥ 20 mm, whole kernels with a diameter ≥ 16 mm, and small whole kernels with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm through the vertical limiting structure of the three-step screening plate and the auxiliary plate. The aisle design at the perpendicular foot of the auxiliary plate and the screening plate forces the whole kernels to move along a predetermined trajectory, reducing the sorting error rate. The surface of the second conveyor belt is provided with a silica gel coating to hinder the rolling of the whole kernels, increasing the adhesion of the kernels, which is conducive to the stable transportation of the whole kernels during the grading process. At the same time, the relative movement between the whole kernels and the second conveyor belt is reduced, further reducing the sorting error rate.

[0025] 5. The macadamia nut kernel screening device provided by the present invention controls damage throughout the whole process. From the low-speed sliding of the diversion plate in the feed bin, to the flexible contact of the screening claw silica gel head, and then to the low-friction transportation of the second conveyor belt, a non-rigid contact method is adopted throughout the whole process, and the mechanical damage rate of the kernels ≤ 2%, significantly improving the finished product rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a macadamia nut kernel screening device; Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 3 It is Figure 1 The enlarged schematic diagram of part B in Figure 4 It is a side view of a macadamia nut kernel screening device; Figure 5 It is a half-sectional view of a macadamia nut kernel screening device; Figure 6 It is Figure 5 The enlarged schematic diagram of part C in Figure 7 It is a top view of a macadamia nut kernel screening device; Figure 8 It is Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the screening roller in Figure 9 It is Figure 1 The top view of the screening roller in Figure 10 It isFigure 1 Side view of the middle screening roller; Figure 11 is Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the middle baffle; Figure 12 is Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the middle screening plate.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1, first conveyor belt; 11, inclined conveying surface; 12, horizontal conveying surface; 2, second conveyor belt; 3, first screening assembly; 31, screening roller; 32, screening claws; 33, claw heads; 34, bearing seats; 35, retaining plates; 36, flow channels; 37, baffles; 38, retaining claws; 39, gaps; 4, second screening assembly; 41, side plates; 42, screening plates; 43, receiving plates; 44, claw grooves; 45, discharge ports; 46, auxiliary plates; 47, aisles; 5, feed bin; 51, guide plates; 52, feed inlets. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0032] The present invention will be further explained and described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0033] As Figures 1 - 12As shown in the figure, a macadamia nut kernel screening device provided in this embodiment includes a first conveyor belt 1. The first conveyor belt 1 includes an inclined conveying surface 11 and a horizontal conveying surface 12, which are connected by an arc transition section. The included angle between the inclined conveying surface 11 and the horizontal conveying surface 12 is 135°-150°. A second conveyor belt 2 is arranged in parallel directly above the horizontal conveying surface 12. A first screening component 3 is arranged on the inclined conveying surface 11. The first screening component 3 includes a screening roller 31, and screening claws 32 are evenly arranged on the screening roller 31. The screening claws 32 are used to remove half-kernels and broken kernels. A second screening component 4 is arranged on the second conveyor belt 2. The second screening component 4 includes side plates 41 arranged on both sides of the second conveyor belt 2, and a plurality of screening plates 42 with different heights are arranged between the two side plates 41. The screening plates 42 are used to grade the whole kernels. The first conveyor belt 1, the second conveyor belt 2 and the screening roller 31 are respectively controlled by drive motors to rotate, and the speed is 0.1 m / s. The inclined conveying surface 11 and the horizontal conveying surface 12 of the first conveyor belt 1 are combined with the second conveyor belt 2 to achieve continuous operation of removing half-kernels and broken kernels and grading the whole kernels. The screening roller 31 of the first screening component 3 and the grading screening plates 42 of the second screening component 4 form a three-dimensional screening system, avoiding the problem of repeated dropping of nut kernels caused by traditional multi-layer sieve meshes, and reducing the broken kernel rate by about 40%-50%.

[0034] As Figures 1 - 10As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, bearing seats 34 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inclined conveyor surface 11. A screening roller 31 is arranged between the two bearing seats 34. The rotation direction of the screening roller 31 is the same as the transmission direction of the first conveyor belt 1. Circular baffles 35 are arranged on both sides of the screening roller 31 to match the width of the first conveyor belt 1. The circular baffles 35 prevent the whole nuts from slipping off from both sides. Flow channels 36 are evenly opened on the screening roller 31 between the two side baffles 35. Screening claws 32 are arranged on both sides of each flow channel 36 and extend radially along the screening roller 31. The distance between two adjacent screening claws 32 is 12.5 mm. Multiple rows of screening claws 32 are arranged axially on the screening roller 31. The end of the screening claw 32 is bent in the rotation direction of the screening roller 31, and the bending angle is 120°-160°. A claw head 33 is arranged at the bent part, and the claw head 33 is made of silica gel. The screening claws 32 and the claw heads 33 on the screening roller 31 of this screening device form a dynamic screening. The elastic deformation of the silica gel material of the claw head 33 realizes the precise separation of the whole nuts and the half nuts. The bending angle of the claw head 33 is 120°-160°, which avoids the slipping of the whole nuts. Most of the half nuts and broken nuts pass through the screening claws 32 and continue to be conveyed on the first conveyor belt 1. A small number of half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm are fished up, but due to their insufficient integrity, they will slip off from the gap 39 during the rolling process of the screening claws 32. The screening efficiency of the half nuts is increased to more than 95%. The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm are stably conveyed through the flow channels 36. As the screening roller 31 rotates, the whole nuts in the flow channels 36 roll forward. The front row of screening claws 32 blocks them and they will not fall. When the front row of screening claws 32 rotates below the horizontal plane, the whole nuts roll along two adjacent screening claws 32 in the front row onto the receiving plate 43. The bending angle of the claw head 33 plays a role in guiding the flow. The inclination angle design of 150°-170° of the receiving plate 43 cooperates with the silica gel claw head 33 to guide the flow, so that the whole nuts slide into the second conveyor belt 2 at a low speed of ≤ 0.1 m / s, avoiding the surface damage of the nuts caused by collision.

[0035] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 11 shown, in this embodiment, baffles 37 are evenly arranged on the first conveyor belt 1 in the vertical conveying direction. Multiple arc-shaped claw blocks 38 are evenly arranged on the baffles 37. A gap 39 is arranged between two adjacent claw blocks 38, and the width of the gap 39 matches the width of the claw head 33. The vertical distance between two adjacent baffles 37 is equal to the arc length between two adjacent rows of claw heads 33. When the screening roller 31 rotates, each row of screening claws 32 passes through the gap 39 between the claw blocks 38 in turn. The claw blocks 38 block the nuts from sliding down. Cooperating with the inclination angle of the inclined conveyor surface 11, it is beneficial for the claw head 33 to fully fish up the nuts.

[0036] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 12As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the second screening component 4 further includes a receiving plate 43 disposed at the front end of the second conveyor belt 2. A claw groove 44 adapted to the screening claws 32 is formed on the receiving plate 43. The included angle between the receiving plate 43 and the second conveyor belt 2 is 150°-170°. A silica gel coating is provided on the surface of the second conveyor belt 2, and the static friction coefficient of the silica gel coating is 0.5-0.8. The silica gel coating provided on the surface of the second conveyor belt 2 hinders the rolling of the whole nuts, increases the adhesion of the nuts, is conducive to the stable conveying of the whole nuts during the grading process, and at the same time reduces the relative movement between the whole nuts and the second conveyor belt 2, reducing the sorting error rate.

[0037] As Figure 5 , Figure 12 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, vertical side plates 41 are provided on both sides of the receiving plate 43. Three inclined screening plates 42 are sequentially arranged between the side plates 41. Along the conveying direction, the vertical distances from the bottom edges of the three screening plates 42 to the second conveyor belt 2 are 20 mm, 16 mm, and 12.5 mm in sequence. Discharge ports 45 are respectively formed on the side plates 41 at the ends of each screening plate 42 along the conveying direction. A vertical auxiliary plate 46 is provided on the side plate 41 on the front side of the discharge port 45 in the conveying direction. The auxiliary plate 46 is arranged perpendicular to the screening plate 42, and a passage 47 is provided at the foot of the perpendicular of the auxiliary plate 46 and the screening plate 42. By providing a plurality of screening plates 42, it is beneficial to accurately grade the whole nuts. Specifically, the second conveyor belt 2 realizes the accurate grading of extra-large whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 20 mm, whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 16 mm, and small whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm through the vertical limiting structure of the three-step screening plate 42 and the auxiliary plate 46. The design of the passage 47 at the foot of the perpendicular of the auxiliary plate 46 and the screening plate 42 forces the whole nuts to move along a predetermined trajectory, reducing the sorting error rate.

[0038] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a feed bin 5 is provided at the front end of the inclined conveying surface 11. An inclined guide plate 51 is provided in the feed bin 5. The guide plate 51 and the bottom of the feed bin 5 form a strip-shaped feed port 52. The width of the feed port 52 is 30 mm, which limits the number of nuts entering the first conveyor belt 1. The whole process of the screening device controls damage. From the low-speed sliding of the guide plate 51 in the feed bin 5, to the flexible contact of the silica gel head of the screening claws 32, and then to the low-friction conveying of the second conveyor belt 2, the whole process adopts a non-rigid contact method, and the mechanical damage rate of the nuts ≤ 2%, significantly improving the finished product rate.

[0039] A method for screening macadamia nuts includes the following steps: S1: The feed bin 5 receives the shelling machine, and the shelling machine inputs the nuts into the feed bin 5. The nuts pass through the guide plate 51 and move through the feed port 52 to the inclined conveying surface 11; S2: The nuts slide down under the action of gravity on the inclined conveyor surface 11 and are blocked by the arc-shaped claws 38 of the baffle 37. When the baffle 37 moves to the closest distance to the sieve roller 31 along with the first conveyor belt 1, the claw heads 33 of the sieve claws 32 pass through the gaps 39 between the claws 38, and the claw heads 33 pick up the whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm and a small amount of half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm. The bending angle of the claw heads 33 prevents the whole nuts from slipping. Most of the half nuts and broken nuts pass through the sieve claws 32 and continue to be conveyed on the first conveyor belt 1 to complete the recovery; S3: The sieve roller 31 rotates. When the sieve claws 32 rotate above the horizontal plane, the whole nuts and half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm roll along two adjacent sieve claws 32. Due to insufficient integrity, the half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm slide off from the gaps 39 of the sieve claws 32 during rolling and enter the first conveyor belt 1. The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm enter the flow channels 36 on the sieve roller 31. As the sieve roller 31 rotates, the whole nuts in the flow channels 36 roll forward. The front row of sieve claws 32 blocks them from falling. When the front row of sieve claws 32 rotates below the horizontal plane, the whole nuts roll along the two adjacent sieve claws 32 in the front row onto the receiving plate 43. The bending angle of the claw heads 33 plays a guiding role; S4: The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm roll into the second conveyor belt 2 through the receiving plate 43. The surface of the second conveyor belt 2 is provided with a silica gel coating to hinder the rolling of the whole nuts, and the whole nuts move along with the second conveyor belt 2; S5: Screening of extra-large whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 20 mm: The whole nuts pass through the first screening plate 42. The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the first screening plate 42 to the second conveyor belt 2 is 20 mm. The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm are blocked by the first screening plate 42 and move along the screening plate 42 to the corresponding discharge port 45 under the traction of the second conveyor belt 2 to complete the screening of extra-large whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 20 mm. The auxiliary plate 46 prevents the whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm from entering the discharge port 45 beside the first screening plate 42. When the whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm on the side of the second conveyor belt 2 touch the auxiliary plate 46, they will move away from the discharge port 45 along the auxiliary plate 46 under the conveying action of the second conveyor belt 2; S6: Screening of whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm: The whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm move along with the second conveyor belt 2 and pass through the second screening plate 42. The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the second screening plate 42 to the second conveyor belt 2 is 16 mm. The whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm are blocked by the second screening plate 42 and move along the screening plate 42 to the corresponding discharge port 45 under the traction of the second conveyor belt 2 to complete the screening of whole nuts with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm. The auxiliary plate 46 prevents the whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm from entering the discharge port 45 beside the second screening plate 42. When the whole nuts with a diameter < 16 mm on the side of the second conveyor belt 2 touch the auxiliary plate 46, they will move away from the discharge port 45 along the auxiliary plate 46 under the conveying action of the second conveyor belt 2; S7: Screening of small whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm: The whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm move along with the second conveyor belt 2 and pass through the third screening plate 42. The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the third screening plate 42 to the second conveyor belt 2 is 12.5 mm. The whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm are blocked by the third screening plate 42 and move along the screening plate 42 to the corresponding discharge port 45 under the traction of the second conveyor belt 2, completing the screening of small whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A macadamia nut kernel screening device, characterized in that, It includes a first conveyor belt (1), and the first conveyor belt (1) includes an inclined conveying surface (11) and a horizontal conveying surface (12). A second conveyor belt (2) is arranged in parallel directly above the horizontal conveying surface (12); A first screening assembly (3) is arranged on the inclined conveying surface (11). The first screening assembly (3) includes a screening roller (31), and screening claws (32) are uniformly arranged on the screening roller (31). The screening claws (32) are used to remove semi-kernels and broken kernels; A second screening assembly (4) is arranged on the second conveyor belt (2). The second screening assembly (4) includes side plates (41) arranged on both sides of the second conveyor belt (2), and a plurality of screening plates (42) with different heights are arranged between the two side plates (41). The screening plates (42) are used to classify whole kernels.

2. The macadamia nut screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Bearing seats (34) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the inclined conveying surface (11). A screening roller (31) is arranged between the two bearing seats (34). The rotation direction of the screening roller (31) is the same as the transmission direction of the first conveyor belt (1). Circular baffles (35) are arranged on both sides of the screening roller (31) to adapt to the width of the first conveyor belt (1). Flow channels (36) are uniformly opened on the screening roller (31) between the two baffles (35). Screening claws (32) are radially extended along the screening roller (31) on both sides of each flow channel (36). The distance between adjacent screening claws (32) is 12.5 mm, and multiple rows of screening claws (32) are arranged axially on the screening roller (31).

3. The macadamia nut kernel screening device according to claim 2, wherein, The end of the screening claw (32) is bent in the rotation direction of the screening roller (31), and the bending angle is 120° - 160°. A claw head (33) is arranged at the bending part, and the claw head (33) is made of silica gel.

4. A macadamia nut kernel screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle between the inclined conveying surface (11) and the horizontal conveying surface (12) is 135° - 150°.

5. The macadamia nut kernel screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Blocking bars (37) are uniformly arranged on the first conveyor belt (1) in the vertical conveying direction. A plurality of arc-shaped blocking claws (38) are uniformly arranged on the blocking bars (37), and a gap (39) is arranged between adjacent blocking claws (38). The width of the gap (39) is matched with the width of the claw head (33).

6. The macadamia nut kernel screening device according to claim 5, wherein, The vertical distance between adjacent blocking bars (37) is equal to the arc length between adjacent two rows of claw heads (33). When the screening roller (31) rotates, each row of screening claws (32) passes through the gap (39) between the blocking claws (38) in turn.

7. The macadamia nut kernel screening device according to claim 1, wherein The second screening assembly (4) further includes a receiving plate (43) arranged at the front end of the second conveyor belt (2). A claw groove (44) adapted to the screening claw (32) is opened on the receiving plate (43). The included angle between the receiving plate (43) and the second conveyor belt (2) is 150° - 170°. A silica gel coating is arranged on the surface of the second conveyor belt (2), and the static friction coefficient of the silica gel coating is 0.5 - 0.

8.

8. The macadamia nut kernel screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Vertical side plates (41) are provided on both sides of the receiving plate (43), and three inclined screening plates (42) are successively arranged between the side plates (41). Along the conveying direction, the vertical distances from the bottom edges of the three screening plates (42) to the second conveyor belt (2) are 20 mm, 16 mm, and 12.5 mm respectively. Discharge ports (45) are respectively opened on the end side plates (41) of each screening plate (42) along the conveying direction. A vertical auxiliary plate (46) is provided on the side plate (41) on the front side of the discharge port (45) in the conveying direction. The auxiliary plate (46) is arranged perpendicular to the screening plate (42). An aisle (47) is provided at the foot of the perpendicular of the auxiliary plate (46) and the screening plate (42).

9. The macadamia nut kernel screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An inlet bin (5) is provided at the front end of the inclined conveying surface (11). An inclined guide plate (51) is arranged in the inlet bin (5). The guide plate (51) and the bottom of the inlet bin (5) form a strip-shaped inlet (52), and the width of the inlet (52) is 30 mm.

10. A method for screening macadamia nuts, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: The inlet bin (5) receives the shelling machine, and the shelling machine inputs the nuts into the inlet bin (5). The nuts pass through the guide plate (51) and the inlet (52) and move to the inclined conveying surface (11). S2: The nuts slide down under the action of gravity on the inclined conveying surface (11) and are blocked by the arc-shaped claws (38) of the retaining bars (37). When the retaining bars (37) move to the closest distance to the screening roller (31) along with the first conveyor belt (1), the claw heads (33) of the screening claws (32) pass through the gaps (39) between the claws (38). The claw heads (33) pick up the whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm and a small amount of half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm. The bending angle of the claw heads (33) prevents the whole nuts from slipping. Most of the half nuts and broken nuts pass through the screening claws (32) and continue to be conveyed on the first conveyor belt (1) to complete the recovery. S3: The screening roller (31) rotates. When the screening claws (32) rotate above the horizontal plane, the whole nuts and half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm roll along two adjacent screening claws (32). Due to insufficient integrity, the half nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm slip from the gaps (39) of the screening claws (32) during rolling and enter the first conveyor belt (1). The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm enter the flow channels (36) on the screening roller (31). As the screening roller (31) rotates, the whole nuts in the flow channels (36) roll forward. The front row of screening claws (32) blocks them from falling. When the front row of screening claws (32) rotates below the horizontal plane, the whole nuts roll along two adjacent screening claws (32) in the front row onto the receiving plate (43). The bending angle of the claw heads (33) plays a guiding role. S4: The whole nuts with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm roll onto the second conveyor belt (2) through the receiving plate (43). The surface of the second conveyor belt (2) is provided with a silica gel coating to hinder the rolling of the whole nuts. The whole nuts move along with the second conveyor belt (2). S5: Screening of extra-large whole kernels with a diameter ≥ 20 mm: The whole kernels pass through the first screening plate (42). The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the first screening plate (42) to the second conveyor belt (2) is 20 mm. Whole kernels with a diameter ≥ 12.5 mm are blocked by the first screening plate (42) and move along the screening plate (42) to the corresponding discharge outlet (45) under the traction of the second conveyor belt (2), completing the screening of extra-large whole kernels with a diameter ≥ 20 mm. The auxiliary plate (46) prevents whole kernels with a diameter < 20 mm from entering the discharge outlet (45) beside the first screening plate (42). When the whole kernels with a diameter < 20 mm on the side of the second conveyor belt (2) touch the auxiliary plate (46), they will move away from the discharge outlet (45) along the auxiliary plate (46) under the conveying action of the second conveyor belt (2); S6: Screening of whole kernels with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm: Whole kernels with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm move with the second conveyor belt (2) and pass through the second screening plate (42). The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the second screening plate (42) to the second conveyor belt (2) is 16 mm. Whole kernels with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm are blocked by the second screening plate (42) and move along the screening plate (42) to the corresponding discharge outlet (45) under the traction of the second conveyor belt (2), completing the screening of whole kernels with a diameter < 20 mm and ≥ 16 mm. The auxiliary plate (46) prevents whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm from entering the discharge outlet (45) beside the second screening plate (42). When the whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm on the side of the second conveyor belt (2) touch the auxiliary plate (46), they will move away from the discharge outlet (45) along the auxiliary plate (46) under the conveying action of the second conveyor belt (2); S7: Screening of small whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm: Whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm move with the second conveyor belt (2) and pass through the third screening plate (42). The vertical distance from the bottom edge of the third screening plate (42) to the second conveyor belt (2) is 12.5 mm. Whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm are blocked by the third screening plate (42) and move along the screening plate (42) to the corresponding discharge outlet (45) under the traction of the second conveyor belt (2), completing the screening of small whole kernels with a diameter < 16 mm and ≥ 12.5 mm.

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