A laser cladding device and method for forming a high entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser cladding device and method for forming a high-entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece. The present invention relates to the technical field of forming a high-entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece. The device comprises a workbench, a driving and slotting assembly disposed on the workbench for driving the sleeve-type workpiece to rotate and for forming a plurality of annular grooves on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece; a bracket is fixedly provided on the top surface of a connecting plate, the upper end of the bracket extending directly above the threaded rod, and a hollow column is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the extended end. A gear ring is rotatably mounted on the outside of the hollow column, and a power mechanism for driving the rotation of the gear ring is connected to the gear ring. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: greatly improving the efficiency of forming a high-entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece and greatly improving the forming quality of the high-entropy alloy layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece, and in particular to a laser cladding device and method for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece. Background Art

[0002] High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are alloys composed of five or more metal powders in equal or approximately equal amounts. They possess the following characteristics: 1. Excellent high-temperature resistance: They maintain excellent stability and mechanical properties in high-temperature environments and can withstand extreme temperature conditions. 2. Excellent corrosion resistance: They resist chemical attack in a variety of corrosive media, effectively protecting the substrate. 3. High deformation and wear resistance.

[0003] The structure of the set workpiece 1 produced by a workshop is as follows Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, the sleeve-like workpiece 1 is cylindrical in shape, with a central hole 2 defined along its axial direction. This sleeve-like workpiece 1 is sleeved onto the drive shaft of a mechanical transmission device to separate the gears or bearings on the drive shaft. Because this sleeve-like workpiece 1 operates in a corrosive environment, to prevent corrosion, workshop workers use a laser cladding device to form a high-entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-like workpiece 1. This high-entropy alloy layer protects the sleeve-like workpiece 1, thereby extending its service life.

[0004] Among them, the structure of the laser melting device is as follows Figures 3 to 6 As shown, it includes a fixing rod 3 fixed on the pad, a top plate 4 fixed on the top surface of the fixing rod 3, a positioning column 5 fixed on the top surface of the top plate 4, the diameter of the positioning column 5 is equal to the diameter of the center hole 2 of the sleeve workpiece 1, and threaded holes 6 are evenly opened on the outer edge of the top plate 4 with the positioning column 5 as the center; the laser cladding device also includes three surrounding seats 7 with the same structure, among which a through hole 8 is opened in the axial direction of one surrounding seat 7, and a plurality of light holes 9 are opened in the surrounding seat 7 and along the circumferential direction of the through hole 8, and each light hole 9 of the surrounding seat 7 corresponds to each threaded hole 6 on the top plate 4.

[0005] In the workshop, workers use the laser cladding device to form a high entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece 1 in the following manner:

[0006] S1, the worker takes out a Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown in the sleeve workpiece 1, the center hole 2 of the sleeve workpiece 1 is placed on the positioning column 5 from top to bottom, as shown in the Figure 7 As shown, the sleeve-type workpiece 1 is supported on the top surface of the top plate 4;

[0007] S2. The worker takes out a surrounding seat 7 and sets it on the outside of the sleeve workpiece 1 from top to bottom, and supports the surrounding seat 7 on the top surface of the top plate 4. The worker passes the bolt 10 from top to bottom through the light hole 9 of the surrounding seat 7 and screws it into the threaded hole 6 of the top plate 4 to fix the first surrounding seat 7 on the top plate 4. At this time, an annular cavity 11 is formed between the inner wall of the surrounding seat 7, the top surface of the top plate 4 and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown;

[0008] S3. Workers preliminarily fill the high entropy alloy into various areas of the annular cavity 11, such as Figure 9 As shown, the worker then uses a scraper to flatten the high entropy alloy so that the high entropy alloy is flush with the top surface of the surrounding seat 7, thereby completing the filling of the high entropy alloy into the annular cavity 11;

[0009] S4, the worker moves the laser welding head 12 of the laser welding machine vertically toward the filled high entropy alloy, such as Figure 10 As shown; then the laser welding machine is started, and the laser beam emitted by the laser welding head 12 is irradiated on the high entropy alloy, and the high entropy alloy begins to melt; then the laser welding head 12 is made to perform a circular motion around the positioning column 5, and the laser welding head 12 gradually melts the filled high entropy alloy. When the laser welding head 12 rotates to the set number of circles, the worker turns off the laser welding machine and then moves the laser welding head 12 away; after cooling for a period of time, the lower section of the overlay layer I13 on the sleeve workpiece 1 is formed, as shown Figure 11 As shown;

[0010] S5. The worker takes out the second enclosure seat 7, sets it on the outside of the sleeve workpiece 1 from top to bottom, and then supports the enclosure seat 7 on the top surface of the lower enclosure seat 7; then fixes the two enclosure seats 7 on the top plate 4 with bolts 10. At this time, an annular cavity 11 is formed between the inner wall of the enclosure seat 7, the lower cladding layer I13 and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown;

[0011] S6. The worker repeats the operation of steps S3 to S4 once, and then forms a middle section cladding layer I14 on the sleeve workpiece 1 based on the lower section cladding layer I13. Figure 13 As shown;

[0012] S7. The worker takes out the third enclosure seat 7 and sets it on the outside of the sleeve workpiece 1 from top to bottom. Then, the enclosure seat 7 is supported on the top surface of the middle enclosure seat 7. The three enclosure seats 7 are then fixed to the top plate 4 using bolts 10. At this time, an annular cavity 11 is formed between the inner wall of the enclosure seat 7, the middle cladding layer I14, and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1.

[0013] S8, the worker repeats the operation of steps S3 to S4 once, and then forms the upper cladding layer I15 on the sleeve workpiece 1 based on the middle cladding layer I14, as shown in FIG. Figure 14 As shown, the formed lower melting layer I13, the middle melting layer I14 and the upper melting layer I15 together constitute the high entropy alloy layer I, thereby finally realizing the formation of the high entropy alloy layer I on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 15 As shown; the three surrounding seats 7 are disassembled, and then the worker takes away the sleeve workpiece 1 formed with the high entropy alloy layer I;

[0014] S9. The worker repeats steps S1 to S8 multiple times to continuously form high-entropy alloy layers I on the cylindrical surfaces of multiple sleeve-type workpieces 1.

[0015] However, although this laser cladding device can form a high-entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece 1, workers still encounter the following technical defects during actual operation:

[0016] A. In step S2, the worker needs to use multiple bolts 10 to fix the surrounding seat 7 on the top plate 4 to form the annular cavity 11, and then in step S3, the worker needs to manually fill the high-entropy alloy into the annular cavity 11, and then in step S4, the worker needs to manually adjust the position of the laser welding head 12 of the laser welding machine so that the laser welding head 12 is vertically facing the high-entropy alloy, so that the lower section of the cladding layer I13 can finally be formed on the sleeve workpiece 1; and the entire operation is completed manually by the worker, resulting in a long time being required to form the lower section of the cladding layer I13 on the sleeve workpiece 1. Similarly, it takes a long time to sequentially form the middle section of the cladding layer I14 and the upper section of the cladding layer I15 on the sleeve workpiece 1, which undoubtedly reduces the efficiency of forming the high-entropy alloy layer I on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1.

[0017] B. Since the sleeve-type workpiece 1 is installed on the transmission shaft of a mechanical transmission device, and mechanical transmission is vibratory, after the sleeve-type workpiece 1 has been used for a period of time, the high-entropy alloy layer I coated on the sleeve-type workpiece 1 will still fall off the sleeve-type workpiece 1. That is, there is a technical defect that the high-entropy alloy layer I is not firmly coated on the sleeve-type workpiece 1, thereby reducing the forming quality of the high-entropy alloy layer I.

[0018] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a laser cladding device and method that can greatly improve the efficiency of forming a high-entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece and greatly improve the forming quality of the high-entropy alloy layer. Summary of the Invention

[0019] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a laser cladding device and method for forming a high entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece.

[0020] The objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece, comprising a worktable, a driving and slotting assembly disposed on the worktable for driving the sleeve-type workpiece to rotate and for opening a plurality of annular grooves on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece;

[0021] The driving and slotting assembly includes a right base fixed on the workbench, a feeding oil cylinder fixed on the left end surface of the right base, a piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder extends downward and a platform is fixed on the extended end, a main motor is fixed on the platform, and a main shaft that passes through the platform upward is connected to the output shaft of the main motor, a disc is fixed on the top of the main shaft, and a threaded rod is fixed on the disc, and a slotting mechanism is provided on the right base;

[0022] The outside of the disc is provided with a melting assembly that can automatically form an annular cavity, automatically preliminarily fill the annular cavity with high-entropy alloy, and melt the filled high-entropy alloy. The melting assembly includes a left base fixed on the workbench and located on the left side of the main shaft, and a lifting cylinder sleeved on the outside of the disc. A self-locking motor is fixed on the right end surface of the left base, and a driving gear is installed on the output shaft of the self-locking motor. The top surface of the lifting cylinder is flush with the top surface of the disc. A bar rack is fixed on the left outer wall of the lifting cylinder along its axial direction. The bar rack is meshed with the driving gear, and the bottom of the bar rack is connected to a guide column that slides downward and penetrates the workbench.

[0023] The left side of the lifting cylinder is also fixed with a connecting plate located just above the left base, a horizontal oil cylinder is fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate, a movable plate is fixed on the active end of the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder, a discharge pipe is fixed in the movable plate, and the discharge port of the discharge pipe is located just above the outer edge of the disc; a bracket is fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate, the upper end of the bracket extends just above the threaded rod, and a hollow column is fixed on the bottom surface of the extended end, a gear ring is rotatably mounted on the outside of the hollow column, and a power mechanism for driving its rotation is connected to the gear ring;

[0024] A downwardly extending mounting plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the gear ring, and a vertically arranged laser welding head located just above the discharge pipe is fixed in the extending end of the mounting plate. The laser welding head is connected to a laser welding machine.

[0025] The threaded rod, the disc and the main shaft are coaxially arranged.

[0026] The gear ring, hollow column and threaded rod are coaxially arranged

[0027] The left end of the discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port of the material pump via a hose, and the extraction port of the material pump is connected to the storage tank containing the high entropy alloy.

[0028] The power mechanism includes a power motor fixed on the top surface of the bracket. The output shaft of the power motor passes through the bracket downward and is connected to a power gear on the extended end. The power gear is meshed with the gear ring.

[0029] The slotting mechanism includes a feed cylinder fixed on the right end surface of the right base, the piston rod of the feed cylinder passes through the right base to the left, and a vertical knife seat is fixed on the extended end, and three slotting knives are fixed on the left end surface of the vertical knife seat at intervals along its height direction, and the three slotting knives are opposite to the threaded rod on the left and right.

[0030] The distance between each two adjacent slotting knives is equal.

[0031] The laser cladding device also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the main motor, the self-locking motor, the power motor, the laser welding machine, the material pump, the horizontal oil cylinder and the feed oil cylinder via signals.

[0032] A laser cladding method for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. Fixing of sleeve-type workpieces. The specific steps are as follows:

[0034] S11. The worker takes out a sleeve-like workpiece, passes the sleeve-like workpiece through the hollow column of the overmolding assembly from top to bottom, and then fits the center hole of the sleeve-like workpiece onto the outside of the threaded rod of the driving and slotting assembly, and supports the sleeve-like workpiece on the top surface of the disc;

[0035] S12. The worker threads a locking screw onto the threaded section of the threaded rod. Under the threaded connection force between the locking screw and the threaded rod, the sleeve workpiece is precisely fixed between the disc and the locking screw, thereby securing the sleeve workpiece. At this time, the sleeve workpiece is precisely facing the three slotting cutters of the drive and slotting assembly.

[0036] S2. Open three annular grooves spaced apart on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0037] S21. The worker controls the main motor of the driving and slotting components to start, the main motor drives the main shaft to rotate, the main shaft drives the disc to rotate synchronously, and the disc drives the sleeve workpiece fixed thereon to rotate synchronously;

[0038] S22, the piston rod of the feed cylinder of the control drive and slotting assembly extends to the left, the piston rod drives the vertical tool holder to move synchronously to the left, and the vertical tool holder drives the three slotting cutters to move synchronously to the left. The three slotting cutters cut the sleeve workpiece. When the piston rod of the feed cylinder is fully extended, three annular grooves spaced apart are opened on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece.

[0039] S23. After slotting, the main motor is turned off, and then the piston rod of the feed cylinder is retracted to the right. The piston rod drives the vertical tool holder to the right, and the vertical tool holder drives the three slotting cutters to withdraw from the sleeve workpiece. When the piston rod of the feed cylinder is fully retracted, the vertical tool holder and the three slotting cutters are reset.

[0040] S3, melting the lower melting layer II on the sleeve workpiece, the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0041] S31. Control the self-locking motor of the overmolding assembly to start, and the self-locking motor drives the driving gear to rotate counterclockwise. The driving gear drives the bar rack to move upward. The bar rack drives the lifting cylinder to move upward relative to the stationary disc. The lifting cylinder drives the connecting plate, the horizontal cylinder, and the bracket to move upward synchronously, thereby driving the discharge pipe and the laser welding head to move upward synchronously.

[0042] When the lifting cylinder is raised to the set height, the controller controls the self-locking motor to close. At this time, an annular cavity is formed between the inner wall of the lifting cylinder, the top surface of the disc and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-like workpiece. The annular cavity is connected to the annular groove of the lower layer of the sleeve-like workpiece, and the annular cavity is located directly below the discharge port of the discharge pipe.

[0043] S32. Control the material pump to start, and the material pump extracts the high-entropy alloy in the storage tank. Under the pump pressure, the extracted high-entropy alloy is discharged into the annular cavity through the hose and the discharge pipe in sequence. At the same time, the main motor is started, and the main motor drives the disc to rotate. At this time, the high-entropy alloy discharged from the discharge pipe is initially filled into each area of ​​the annular cavity;

[0044] S33. The worker controls the material pump and the main motor to turn off, and then controls the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder to retract to the left. The piston rod drives the discharge pipe to move to the left, so that the discharge pipe moves to the outside of the lifting cylinder. The worker then uses a scraper to smooth the high-entropy alloy so that the high-entropy alloy is flush with the top surface of the lifting cylinder, thereby completing the filling of the high-entropy alloy into the annular cavity. At this time, the high-entropy alloy is exactly below the laser welding head.

[0045] S34, start the laser welding machine, the laser beam emitted by the laser welding head irradiates the high entropy alloy, and the high entropy alloy begins to melt; then control the power motor to start, the power motor drives the power gear to rotate, the power gear drives the ring gear to rotate synchronously around the axis of the hollow column, the ring gear drives the mounting plate to rotate synchronously, and the mounting plate drives the laser welding head to rotate synchronously. During the rotation process, the laser welding head gradually melts the filled high entropy alloy. When the laser welding head rotates to the set number of circles, the power motor and the laser welding machine are controlled to be turned off. After cooling for a period of time, the lower section of the cladding layer II is formed on the sleeve workpiece;

[0046] S4. The worker repeats the operation of step S3 once, and the middle section of the cladding layer II is formed on the basis of the lower section of the cladding layer II.

[0047] The worker repeats step S3 once more to form an upper cladding layer II on the sleeve-like workpiece based on the middle cladding layer II. The formed lower cladding layer II, middle cladding layer II, and upper cladding layer II together constitute the high-entropy alloy layer II, thereby ultimately achieving the formation of the high-entropy alloy layer II on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-like workpiece.

[0048] S5. Removal of the sleeve workpiece formed with the high entropy alloy layer II. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0049] S51. A worker controls the piston rod of the driving and slotting assembly's unloading cylinder to extend downward. The piston rod drives the platform downward, which in turn drives the main motor, spindle, and disc to move downward synchronously. This in turn drives the sleeve-like workpiece downward relative to the stationary lifting cylinder. The sleeve-like workpiece then drives the high-entropy alloy layer II formed on its cylindrical surface to move downward synchronously. After the piston rod of the unloading cylinder is fully extended, the sleeve-like workpiece moves to the bottom of the lifting cylinder.

[0050] S52. The worker unscrews the locking screw sleeve, and then takes away the sleeve workpiece formed with the high entropy alloy layer II;

[0051] S6. The worker repeats steps S1 to S5 multiple times to continuously form high entropy alloy layers II on the cylindrical surfaces of multiple nested workpieces.

[0052] The present invention has the following advantages: greatly improving the efficiency of forming a high-entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece, and greatly improving the forming quality of the high-entropy alloy layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a set of workpieces;

[0054] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main cross-sectional diagram of

[0055] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser cladding device in the prior art;

[0056] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The main cross-sectional diagram of

[0057] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the enclosure;

[0058] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The main cross-sectional diagram of

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of fitting the center hole of a sleeve-type workpiece onto a positioning column from top to bottom;

[0060] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an annular cavity formed between the inner wall of the enclosure, the top surface of the top plate and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece;

[0061] Figure 9 A diagram showing workers initially filling the various areas of the annular cavity with high-entropy alloy;

[0062] Figure 10 A diagram showing a worker vertically pointing the laser welding head of a laser welding machine toward the loaded high-entropy alloy;

[0063] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of forming a lower section of the overlay layer I overlaid on a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0064] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of an annular cavity formed between the inner wall of the enclosure, the lower melt layer I and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece;

[0065] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of forming a middle section of the overmolding layer I on a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0066] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of forming an upper melt-coated layer I on a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0067] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of forming a high entropy alloy layer I on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0068] Figure 16 It is a structural view of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 17 for Figure 16 The main cross-sectional diagram of

[0070] Figure 18 An axonometric view of the drive and slotting assembly;

[0071] Figure 19 for Figure 18 The main cross-sectional diagram of

[0072] Figure 20 It is an axonometric view of the overmolding component;

[0073] Figure 21 for Figure 20 Bottom view of

[0074] Figure 22 for Figure 20 The main cross-sectional diagram of

[0075] Figure 23 Schematic diagram for fixing sleeve-type workpieces;

[0076] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of three slotting cutters cutting a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0077] Figure 25 This is an axonometric drawing of a sleeve-type workpiece with three annular grooves;

[0078] Figure 26 for Figure 25 The main cross-sectional diagram of

[0079] Figure 27 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical tool holder and the three slotting knives being reset;

[0080] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of an annular cavity formed between the inner wall of the lifting cylinder, the top surface of the disc and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece;

[0081] Figure 29 Schematic diagram of the initial filling of the high entropy alloy discharged from the discharge pipe into various areas of the annular cavity;

[0082] Figure 30 Schematic diagram of the laser welding head in a rotating state;

[0083] Figure 31 Schematic diagram of forming a lower cladding layer II cladding on a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0084] Figure 32 Schematic diagram of forming a middle section cladding layer II on a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0085] Figure 33 Schematic diagram of forming an upper cladding layer II cladding on a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0086] Figure 34 Schematic diagram of forming a high entropy alloy layer II on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece;

[0087] Figure 35 It is a schematic diagram of the sleeve-type workpiece moving to the bottom of the lifting cylinder;

[0088] Figure 36 Schematic diagram of removing the sleeve-type workpiece formed with the high entropy alloy layer II;

[0089] In the picture:

[0090] 1-set workpiece, 2-center hole, 3-fixing rod, 4-top plate, 5-positioning column, 6-threaded hole, 7-surrounding seat, 8-through hole, 9-bright hole, 10-bolt, 11-annular cavity, 12-laser welding head; 13-lower section overlay layer I, 14-middle section overlay layer I, 15-upper section overlay layer I;

[0091] 16- workbench, 17- driving and slotting assembly, 18- right base, 19- unloading cylinder, 20- main motor, 21- main shaft, 22- disc, 23- threaded rod;

[0092] 24-Overmolding assembly, 25-Left base, 26-Lifting cylinder, 27-Self-locking motor, 28-Drive gear, 29-Bar rack, 30-Guide column, 31-Connecting plate, 32-Horizontal cylinder, 33-Discharge pipe, 34-Bracket, 35-Gear ring, 36-Mounting plate;

[0093] 37-power motor, 38-power gear, 39-feed cylinder, 40-vertical tool holder, 41-grooving tool;

[0094] 42 - locking screw sleeve, 43 - annular groove, 44 - lower section cladding layer II, 45 - middle section cladding layer II, 46 - upper section cladding layer II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following:

[0096] like Figures 16 to 22 As shown, a laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece includes a workbench 16, a driving and slotting assembly 17 disposed on the workbench 16 for driving the sleeve-type workpiece 1 to rotate and for opening a plurality of annular grooves on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece 1;

[0097] The driving and slotting assembly 17 includes a right base 18 fixed on the workbench 16, a unloading cylinder 19 fixed on the left end surface of the right base 18, the piston rod of the unloading cylinder 19 extends downward and a platform is fixed on the extended end, a main motor 20 is fixed on the platform, the output shaft of the main motor 20 is connected to a main shaft 21 that passes through the platform upward, a disc 22 is fixed on the top of the main shaft 21, a threaded rod 23 is fixed on the disc 22, the threaded rod 23, the disc 22 and the main shaft 21 are coaxially arranged, a slotting mechanism is provided on the right base 18, and the slotting mechanism includes a feed cylinder 39 fixed on the right end surface of the right base 18, the piston rod of the feed cylinder 39 passes through the right base 18 to the left, and a vertical tool holder 40 is fixed on the extended end, three slotting knives 41 are fixed on the left end surface of the vertical tool holder 40 along its height direction, and the three slotting knives 41 are opposite to the threaded rod 23 on the left and right. The distance between any two adjacent slotting knives 41 is equal.

[0098] The outside of the disc 22 is provided with a melting assembly 24 that can automatically form an annular cavity, automatically preliminarily fill the annular cavity with high entropy alloy, and melt the filled high entropy alloy. The melting assembly 24 includes a left base 25 fixed on the workbench 16 and located on the left side of the main shaft 21, and a lifting cylinder 26 sleeved on the outside of the disc 22. A self-locking motor 27 is fixed on the right end surface of the left base 25, and a driving gear 28 is installed on the output shaft of the self-locking motor 27. The top surface of the lifting cylinder 26 is flush with the top surface of the disc 22. A bar rack 29 is fixed on the left outer wall of the lifting cylinder 26 along its axial direction. The bar rack 29 is meshed with the driving gear 28. The bottom of the bar rack 29 is connected to a guide column 30 that slides downward and passes through the workbench 16;

[0099] The left side of the lifting cylinder 26 is also fixed with a connecting plate 31 located just above the left base 25. A horizontal oil cylinder 32 is fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate 31. A movable plate is fixed on the active end of the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder 32. A discharge pipe 33 is fixed in the movable plate. The discharge port of the discharge pipe 33 is located just above the outer edge of the disc 22. The left end of the discharge pipe 33 is connected to the discharge port of the material pump via a hose, and the extraction port of the material pump is connected to the storage tank containing high entropy alloy. A bracket 34 is fixed on the top surface of the connecting plate 31. The upper end of the bracket 34 extends directly above the threaded rod 23, and a hollow column is fixed on the bottom surface of the extended end. A gear ring 35 is rotatably installed on the outside of the hollow column. The gear ring 35, the hollow column and the threaded rod 23 are coaxially arranged. The gear ring 35 is connected to a power mechanism for driving its rotation. The power mechanism includes a power motor 37 fixed on the top surface of the bracket 34. The output shaft of the power motor 37 passes downward through the bracket 34 and is connected to a power gear 38 on the extended end. The power gear 38 is engaged with the gear ring 35.

[0100] A downwardly extending mounting plate 36 is fixed on the bottom surface of the gear ring 35 , and a vertically arranged laser welding head 12 located just above the discharge pipe 33 is fixed in the extended end of the mounting plate 36 . The laser welding head 12 is connected to a laser welding machine.

[0101] The laser cladding device also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the main motor 20, the self-locking motor 27, the power motor 37, the laser welding machine, the material pump, the horizontal cylinder 32 and the feed cylinder 39 via signals. Workers can use the controller to control the start or stop of the main motor 20, the self-locking motor 27, the power motor 37, the laser welding machine and the material pump. At the same time, they can also control the extension or retraction of the piston rods of the horizontal cylinder 32 and the feed cylinder 39, thereby facilitating the workers' operation.

[0102] A laser cladding method for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece comprises the following steps:

[0103] S1. Fixing of sleeve-type workpiece 1. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0104] S11, the worker takes out a Figure 1~Figure 2 The sleeve-like workpiece 1 shown is passed from top to bottom through the hollow column of the overmolding assembly 24, and then the center hole 2 of the sleeve-like workpiece 1 is placed on the outside of the threaded rod 23 of the driving and slotting assembly 17, and the sleeve-like workpiece 1 is supported on the top surface of the disc 22;

[0105] S12, the worker screws a locking screw sleeve 42 on the threaded section of the threaded rod 23. Under the threaded connection force of the locking screw sleeve 42 and the threaded rod 23, the sleeve workpiece 1 is just fixed between the disc 22 and the locking screw sleeve 42, thereby achieving the fixation of the sleeve workpiece 1. Figure 23 As shown, at this time, the sleeve workpiece 1 is just facing the three slotting knives 41 of the driving and slotting assembly 17;

[0106] S2. Open three annular grooves spaced apart on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0107] S21, the worker controls the main motor 20 of the driving and slotting assembly 17 to start, the main motor 20 drives the main shaft 21 to rotate, the main shaft 21 drives the disc 22 to rotate synchronously, and the disc 22 drives the sleeve workpiece 1 fixed thereon to rotate synchronously;

[0108] S22, the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder 39 of the control drive and slotting assembly 17 extends to the left, the piston rod drives the vertical tool holder 40 to move to the left synchronously, the vertical tool holder 40 drives the three slotting knives 41 to move to the left synchronously, and the three slotting knives 41 cut the sleeve workpiece 1, such as Figure 24 As shown, when the piston rod of the feed cylinder 39 is fully extended, three annular grooves 43 are opened on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 25-26 As shown;

[0109] S23, after slotting, the main motor 20 is controlled to be turned off, and then the piston rod of the feed cylinder 39 is controlled to retract to the right, the piston rod drives the vertical tool holder 40 to the right, and the vertical tool holder 40 drives the three slotting knives 41 to withdraw from the sleeve workpiece 1; when the piston rod of the feed cylinder 39 is completely retracted, the vertical tool holder 40 and the three slotting knives 41 are reset, as shown in FIG. Figure 27 As shown;

[0110] S3, forming a lower melting layer II on the sleeve workpiece 1, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0111] S31. The self-locking motor 27 of the overmolding assembly 24 is started. The self-locking motor 27 drives the driving gear 28 to rotate counterclockwise. The driving gear 28 drives the bar rack 29 to move upward. The bar rack 29 drives the lifting cylinder 26 to move upward relative to the stationary disc 22. The lifting cylinder 26 drives the connecting plate 31, the horizontal cylinder 32, and the bracket 34 to move upward synchronously, thereby driving the discharge pipe 33 and the laser welding head 12 to move upward synchronously.

[0112] When the lifting cylinder 26 is raised to the set height, the controller controls the self-locking motor 27 to close. At this time, an annular cavity 11 is formed between the inner wall of the lifting cylinder 26, the top surface of the disc 22 and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1. Figure 28 As shown, the annular cavity 11 is connected to the annular groove 43 of the lower layer of the sleeve-type workpiece 1, and the annular cavity 11 is located directly below the discharge port of the discharge pipe 33;

[0113] S32, control the material pump to start, the material pump will be stored in the storage tank to extract the high entropy alloy, the extracted high entropy alloy under the pump pressure, in sequence through the hose, the discharge pipe 33 and finally discharged into the annular cavity 11, at the same time, start the main motor 20, the main motor 20 drives the disc 22 to rotate, at this time, the high entropy alloy discharged from the discharge pipe 33 is initially filled into each area of ​​the annular cavity 11, such as Figure 29 As shown;

[0114] S33, the worker controls the material pump and the main motor 20 to turn off, and then controls the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder 32 to retract to the left, and the piston rod drives the discharge pipe 33 to move to the left, so that the discharge pipe 33 moves to the outside of the lifting cylinder 26; then the worker uses a scraper to smooth the high-entropy alloy so that the high-entropy alloy is flush with the top surface of the lifting cylinder 26, thereby completing the filling of the high-entropy alloy into the annular cavity 11. At this time, the high-entropy alloy is exactly below the laser welding head 12;

[0115] S34, start the laser welding machine, the laser beam emitted by the laser welding head 12 irradiates the high entropy alloy, and the high entropy alloy begins to melt; then control the power motor 37 to start, the power motor 37 drives the power gear 38 to rotate, the power gear 38 drives the ring gear 35 to rotate synchronously around the axis of the hollow column, the ring gear 35 drives the mounting plate 36 to rotate synchronously, and the mounting plate 36 drives the laser welding head 12 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation process of the laser welding head 12, as shown in FIG. Figure 30 As shown, the laser welding head 12 gradually melts the filled high entropy alloy. When the laser welding head 12 rotates to the set number of circles, the power motor 37 and the laser welding machine are controlled to be turned off. After cooling for a period of time, the lower melting layer II44 is formed on the sleeve workpiece 1. Figure 31 As shown;

[0116] S4, the worker repeats the operation of step S3 once, and then forms a middle section cladding layer II45 on the sleeve workpiece 1 based on the lower section cladding layer II44, as shown in FIG. Figure 32 As shown;

[0117] The worker repeats the operation of step S3 once more, and can form the upper cladding layer II46 cladding on the sleeve type workpiece 1 on the basis of the middle cladding layer II45, as shown in FIG. Figure 33 As shown, the formed lower cladding layer II44, the middle cladding layer II45 and the upper cladding layer II46 together constitute the high entropy alloy layer II, thereby finally realizing the formation of the high entropy alloy layer II on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 34 As shown;

[0118] Among them, it can be seen from steps S3~S4 that since the lower annular groove 43 connected to the annular cavity 11 is also filled with high-entropy alloy, when the laser welding head 12 melts the filled high-entropy alloy, the formed lower cladding layer II44 is hooked in the lower annular groove 43 of the sleeve-type workpiece 1. Similarly, the formed middle cladding layer II45 is hooked in the middle annular groove 43 of the sleeve-type workpiece 1, and the formed upper cladding layer II46 is hooked in the upper annular groove 43 of the sleeve-type workpiece 1.

[0119] It can be seen that the high entropy alloy layer II composed of the lower cladding layer II44, the middle cladding layer II45 and the upper cladding layer II46 is always hooked on the sleeve workpiece 1, which greatly improves the adhesion of the high entropy alloy layer II to the sleeve workpiece 1. Therefore, when the sleeve workpiece 1 is used for a long time, the high entropy alloy layer II will not fall off from the sleeve workpiece 1. Figures 3 to 15 The high entropy alloy layer I formed by the laser cladding device shown greatly improves the forming quality of the high entropy alloy layer.

[0120] S5. Removal of the sleeve-type workpiece 1 formed with the high-entropy alloy layer II. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0121] S51. The worker controls the piston rod of the unloading cylinder 19 of the driving and slotting assembly 17 to extend downward. The piston rod drives the platform to move downward. The platform drives the main motor 20, the main shaft 21 and the disc 22 to move downward synchronously, thereby driving the sleeve workpiece 1 to move downward relative to the stationary lifting cylinder 26. The sleeve workpiece 1 drives the high entropy alloy layer II formed on its cylindrical surface to move downward synchronously. After the piston rod of the unloading cylinder 19 is fully extended, the sleeve workpiece 1 moves to the bottom of the lifting cylinder 26. Figure 35 As shown;

[0122] S52, the worker unscrews the locking screw sleeve 42, and then takes away the sleeve workpiece 1 formed with the high entropy alloy layer II, and the taking direction is as follows: Figure 36As indicated by the arrow;

[0123] S6. The worker repeats steps S1 to S5 multiple times to continuously form high entropy alloy layers II on the cylindrical surfaces of multiple sleeve-type workpieces 1.

[0124] Among them, in step S31, the worker only needs to control the self-locking motor 27 of the overmolding component 24 to start, so that the lifting cylinder 26 rises, thereby automatically forming the annular cavity 11. Figures 3 to 15 The laser cladding device shown does not require workers to use multiple bolts 10 to fix the surrounding seat 7 to form the annular cavity 11, thereby shortening the molding time of the lower cladding layer II44;

[0125] In step S32, the worker only needs to control the start of the material pump and the main motor 20 to automatically fill the annular cavity 11 with high entropy alloy. Figures 3 to 15 The laser cladding device shown does not require workers to manually fill the annular cavity 11 with high entropy alloy, thereby further shortening the molding time of the lower cladding layer II44;

[0126] In steps S33-S34, after the high entropy alloy is filled into the annular cavity 11, the high entropy alloy is already directly below the laser welding head 12. Figures 3 to 15 The laser cladding device shown does not require workers to manually adjust the position of the laser welding head 12 of the laser welding machine so that the laser welding head 12 is vertically facing the high entropy alloy, thereby further shortening the forming time of the lower cladding layer II44.

[0127] It can be seen that the laser cladding device can realize the formation of the lower cladding layer II44 on the sleeve workpiece 1 in a short time by simply cooperating with the cladding component 24, the driving and slotting component 17. Similarly, it can realize the formation of the middle cladding layer II45 and the upper cladding layer II46 on the sleeve workpiece 1 in a short time. Figures 3 to 15 The laser cladding device shown greatly improves the efficiency of forming a high entropy alloy layer on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece 1.

Claims

1. A laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece, characterized by: It comprises a workbench (16), a driving and slotting assembly (17) arranged on the workbench (16) for driving the sleeve-type workpiece (1) to rotate, and for opening a plurality of annular grooves on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece (1); The driving and slotting assembly (17) includes a right base (18) fixed on the workbench (16), a feeding oil cylinder (19) fixed on the left end surface of the right base (18), a piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder (19) extending downward and a platform fixed on the extending end, a main motor (20) fixed on the platform, an output shaft of the main motor (20) connected to a main shaft (21) passing through the platform upward, a disc (22) fixed on the top end of the main shaft (21), a threaded rod (23) fixed on the disc (22), and a slotting mechanism provided on the right base (18); The outside of the disc (22) is provided with a melting assembly (24) which can automatically form an annular cavity, automatically preliminarily fill the annular cavity with high entropy alloy, and melt the filled high entropy alloy. The melting assembly (24) includes a left base (25) fixed on the workbench (16) and located on the left side of the main shaft (21), and a lifting cylinder (26) sleeved on the outside of the disc (22). A self-locking motor (27) is fixed on the right end surface of the left base (25), and a driving gear (28) is installed on the output shaft of the self-locking motor (27). The top surface of the lifting cylinder (26) is flush with the top surface of the disc (22). A bar rack (29) is fixed on the left outer wall of the lifting cylinder (26) along its axial direction. The bar rack (29) is meshed with the driving gear (28), and the bottom of the bar rack (29) is connected to a guide column (30) that slides downward and passes through the workbench (16); The left side of the lifting cylinder (26) is also fixedly provided with a connecting plate (31) located just above the left base (25), and a horizontal oil cylinder (32) is fixedly provided on the top surface of the connecting plate (31), and a movable plate is fixedly provided on the active end of the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder (32), and a discharge pipe (33) is fixedly provided in the movable plate, and the discharge port of the discharge pipe (33) is located just above the outer edge of the disc (22); a bracket (34) is fixedly provided on the top surface of the connecting plate (31), and the upper end of the bracket (34) extends just above the threaded rod (23), and a hollow column is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the extended end, and a gear ring (35) is rotatably installed on the outside of the hollow column, and a power mechanism for driving its rotation is connected to the gear ring (35); A downwardly extending mounting plate (36) is fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the gear ring (35), and a vertically arranged laser welding head (12) located directly above the discharge pipe (33) is fixedly provided in the extended end of the mounting plate (36), and the laser welding head (12) is connected to a laser welding machine.

2. The laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded rod (23), the disc (22) and the main shaft (21) are coaxially arranged.

3. The laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear ring (35), the hollow column platform and the threaded rod (23) are coaxially arranged.

4. The laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that: The left end of the discharge pipe (33) is connected to the discharge port of the material pump via a hose, and the extraction port of the material pump is connected to a storage tank containing high entropy alloy.

5. The laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes a power motor (37) fixed on the top surface of the bracket (34), an output shaft of the power motor (37) passes through the bracket (34) downward, and a power gear (38) is connected to the extended end, and the power gear (38) is meshed with the ring gear (35).

6. The laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slotting mechanism includes a feed oil cylinder (39) fixedly mounted on the right end surface of the right base (18), a piston rod of the feed oil cylinder (39) passing through the right base (18) to the left, and a vertical knife seat (40) is fixedly mounted on the extended end thereof, and three slotting knives (41) are fixedly mounted on the left end surface of the vertical knife seat (40) at intervals along its height direction, and the three slotting knives (41) are all opposite to the threaded rod (23) on the left and right sides.

7. The laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spacing between every two adjacent slotting knives (41) is equal.

8. The laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-type workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser cladding device further comprises a controller, which is electrically connected to the main motor (20), the self-locking motor (27), the power motor (37), the laser welding machine, the material pump, the horizontal oil cylinder (32) and the feed oil cylinder (39) via signals.

9. A laser cladding method for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-like workpiece, using the laser cladding device for forming a high entropy alloy layer on a cylindrical surface of a sleeve-like workpiece according to claim 8, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Fixing of sleeve-type workpiece (1). The specific operation steps are as follows: S11. The worker takes out a sleeve-type workpiece (1), passes the sleeve-type workpiece (1) from top to bottom through the hollow column of the overmolding component (24), and then puts the center hole (2) of the sleeve-type workpiece (1) on the outside of the threaded rod (23) of the driving and slotting component (17), and supports the sleeve-type workpiece (1) on the top surface of the disc (22); S12. The worker screws a locking screw sleeve (42) onto the threaded section of the threaded rod (23). Under the threaded connection force of the locking screw sleeve (42) and the threaded rod (23), the sleeve workpiece (1) is fixed between the disc (22) and the locking screw sleeve (42), thereby achieving the fixation of the sleeve workpiece (1). At this time, the sleeve workpiece (1) is facing the three slotting knives (41) of the driving and slotting assembly (17); S2. Open three spaced annular grooves on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece (1). The specific operation steps are as follows: S21, the worker controls the main motor (20) of the driving and slotting assembly (17) to start, the main motor (20) drives the main shaft (21) to rotate, the main shaft (21) drives the disc (22) to rotate synchronously, and the disc (22) drives the sleeve workpiece (1) fixed thereon to rotate synchronously; S22, the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder (39) of the control drive and slotting assembly (17) extends to the left, the piston rod drives the vertical tool holder (40) to move synchronously to the left, the vertical tool holder (40) drives the three slotting knives (41) to move synchronously to the left, the three slotting knives (41) cut the sleeve workpiece (1), and when the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder (39) is fully extended, three spaced annular grooves (43) are opened on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve workpiece (1); S23, after slotting, the main motor (20) is controlled to be turned off, and then the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder (39) is controlled to retract to the right, the piston rod drives the vertical knife holder (40) to the right, and the vertical knife holder (40) drives the three slotting knives (41) to withdraw from the sleeve workpiece (1); when the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder (39) is completely retracted, the vertical knife holder (40) and the three slotting knives (41) are reset; S3, melting a lower melting layer II on the sleeve workpiece (1), the specific operation steps are as follows: S31, the self-locking motor (27) of the control overmolding component (24) is started, the self-locking motor (27) drives the driving gear (28) to rotate counterclockwise, the driving gear (28) drives the bar rack (29) to move upward, the bar rack (29) drives the lifting cylinder (26) to move upward relative to the stationary disc (22), the lifting cylinder (26) drives the connecting plate (31), the horizontal cylinder (32) and the bracket (34) to move upward synchronously, and then drives the discharge pipe (33) and the laser welding head (12) to move upward synchronously; When the lifting cylinder (26) is raised to a set height, the controller controls the self-locking motor (27) to turn off. At this time, an annular cavity (11) is formed between the inner wall of the lifting cylinder (26), the top surface of the disc (22) and the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-like workpiece (1). The annular cavity (11) is connected to the annular groove (43) in the lower layer of the sleeve-like workpiece (1), and the annular cavity (11) is located directly below the discharge port of the discharge pipe (33); S32, control the material pump to start, the material pump extracts the high entropy alloy in the storage tank, and the extracted high entropy alloy is discharged into the annular cavity (11) in sequence through the hose and the discharge pipe (33) under the pump pressure. At the same time, the main motor (20) is started, and the main motor (20) drives the disc (22) to rotate. At this time, the high entropy alloy discharged from the discharge pipe (33) is initially filled into each area of ​​the annular cavity (11); S33, the worker controls the material pump and the main motor (20) to turn off, and then controls the piston rod of the horizontal oil cylinder (32) to retract to the left, and the piston rod drives the discharge pipe (33) to move to the left, so that the discharge pipe (33) moves to the outside of the lifting cylinder (26); then the worker uses a scraper to flatten the high entropy alloy so that the high entropy alloy is flush with the top surface of the lifting cylinder (26), thereby achieving the filling of the high entropy alloy into the annular cavity (11). At this time, the high entropy alloy is just below the laser welding head (12); S34, start the laser welding machine, the laser beam emitted by the laser welding head (12) is irradiated on the high entropy alloy, and the high entropy alloy begins to melt; then the power motor (37) is controlled to start, the power motor (37) drives the power gear (38) to rotate, the power gear (38) drives the ring gear (35) to rotate synchronously around the axis of the hollow column, the ring gear (35) drives the mounting plate (36) to rotate synchronously, and the mounting plate (36) drives the laser welding head (12) to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the laser welding head (12), the laser welding head (12) gradually melts the filled high entropy alloy. When the laser welding head (12) rotates to the set number of circles, the power motor (37) and the laser welding machine are controlled to be turned off. After cooling for a period of time, the lower melting layer II (44) is formed on the sleeve workpiece (1); S4, the worker repeats the operation of step S3 once, and the middle section cladding layer II (45) cladding on the sleeve workpiece (1) is formed on the basis of the lower section cladding layer II (44); The worker repeats the operation of step S3 once more, and can form an upper section cladding layer II (46) cladding on the sleeve-type workpiece (1) on the basis of the middle section cladding layer II (45), wherein the formed lower section cladding layer II (44), the middle section cladding layer II (45) and the upper section cladding layer II (46) together constitute the high entropy alloy layer II, thereby finally realizing the formation of the high entropy alloy layer II on the cylindrical surface of the sleeve-type workpiece (1); S5. The sleeve workpiece (1) formed with the high entropy alloy layer II is removed. The specific operation steps are as follows: S51, the worker controls the piston rod of the unloading cylinder (19) of the driving and slotting assembly (17) to extend downward, the piston rod drives the platform to move downward, the platform drives the main motor (20), the main shaft (21) and the disc (22) to move downward synchronously, and then drives the sleeve workpiece (1) to move downward relative to the stationary lifting cylinder (26), and the sleeve workpiece (1) drives the high entropy alloy layer II formed on its cylindrical surface to move downward synchronously. After the piston rod of the unloading cylinder (19) is fully extended, the sleeve workpiece (1) moves to the bottom of the lifting cylinder (26); S52, the worker unscrews the locking screw sleeve (42), and then takes away the sleeve workpiece (1) formed with the high entropy alloy layer II; S6. The worker repeats the operations of steps S1 to S5 multiple times, and can continuously form high entropy alloy layers II on the cylindrical surfaces of multiple sleeve-type workpieces (1).

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