A road smoothness detection device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a road smoothness detection device, belonging to the technical field of smoothness detection equipment, comprising a detection frame; the detection frame has a longitudinal beam; a cross beam is provided at both ends of the longitudinal beam; running wheels are provided at both ends of the cross beam, and a bar hole is provided in the longitudinal beam; a first installation box and a second installation box are provided in the bar hole; displacement conversion mechanisms are symmetrically provided on both sides of the interior of the first installation box; the two displacement conversion mechanisms are respectively connected to the measuring wheels; a first distance measuring element is provided between the two displacement conversion mechanisms; and sleeves are provided on the outside of both sides of the second installation box. The present invention uses a sleeve that can be translated laterally, and a measuring ball is provided at the bottom of the sleeve; during the lateral movement of the sleeve, when the measuring ball transitions from a rut to a normal road surface, or from a normal road surface to a rut, the measuring ball will rise and fall relative to the sleeve, thereby obtaining the cross-sectional height values ​​of the rut and the normal road surface at multiple points, and improving the smoothness detection data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a detection device, in particular to a highway smoothness detection device, and belongs to the field of road level value detection, in particular to the technical field of smoothness detection equipment for road repair. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, an eight-wheeled smoothness meter is commonly used to test the smoothness of roads. The principle of this device is as follows: eight running wheels are provided at the bottom of the frame, and the frame is pulled forward; a measuring wheel that can be raised and lowered is provided in the middle position of the bottom of the frame, and a displacement sensor is installed on the measuring wheel; during measurement, the eight running wheels are used as a reference plane, and the vertical displacement value of the measuring wheel is collected as the basis for mathematical statistics. For example, Chinese patent document No. CN114264273A discloses a highway roadbed and pavement smoothness detection device, which adopts the above principle. In actual application scenarios, because the width of the road surface is much larger than the body width of the eight-wheeled smoothness meter, it cannot cover the entire width range of the road surface. In order to achieve efficient measurement, the measuring wheel is usually moved along the wheel track on the road surface (because the wheel track has the highest probability of producing potholes and depressions), and the level value within the wheel track is used to reflect the road surface smoothness. However, the eight-wheel smoothness meter used in the above application scenarios still has the following defects: if a rut is formed in the wheel track (the wheel causes the entire road surface to sink), when the measuring wheel enters the rut and moves along its track, it can only detect the ups and downs inside the rut, as well as the height difference at the starting end when entering the rut. It cannot detect the difference between the two sides of the rut and the normal road surface, because the cross-section between the rut and the normal road surface is irregular, and it is difficult to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the rut sinking situation. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device based on the existing eight-wheel smoothness meter that can regularly detect the cross-sectional difference formed between the two sides of the rut and the normal road surface when in working condition. At the same time, if the existing eight-wheel smoothness meter uses two sets of measuring wheels, such as the road surface smoothness detection device disclosed in Chinese patent document CN114541223B, it is necessary to set a corresponding detection element on the top of each detection wheel, resulting in a complex and cumbersome arrangement of various structures on the outside of the frame, inconvenient transportation, and inability to reasonably utilize the internal space of the frame. Therefore, further improvement is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a road flatness detection device that can effectively detect the height difference of ruts, expand the flatness detection range, improve the flatness detection accuracy, and simplify the external structure of the device.

[0004] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions

[0005] A road smoothness detection device includes a detection frame; the detection frame has a longitudinal beam; cross beams are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beam; running wheels are provided at both ends of the cross beam, and a strip hole is opened in the longitudinal beam; a first installation box and a second installation box are provided in the strip hole; displacement conversion mechanisms are symmetrically provided on both sides of the interior of the first installation box; the two displacement conversion mechanisms are respectively connected to the measuring wheels; a first distance measuring element is provided between the two displacement conversion mechanisms; sleeves are respectively provided on the outside of both sides of the second installation box; a lifting mechanism and a second distance measuring element are provided in the sleeves; a translation drive mechanism is provided in the second installation box; the translation drive mechanism is respectively connected to the sleeves on both sides; and a measuring ball is provided at the bottom of the lifting mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the first installation box and the second installation box are distributed in the strip hole front and back; each displacement conversion mechanism includes a lifting column; a through hole is provided at the bottom of the first installation box opposite to the lifting column; and the lifting column slides in the first installation box.

[0007] Furthermore, two measuring wheels are respectively arranged on the outside of the two lifting columns; the measuring wheels are connected to the lifting columns through wheel axles; the displacement conversion mechanism also includes a translation column and a transmission seat; the translation column is a magnetic steel; the transmission seat is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the translation column.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission seat includes a vertical section and a wedge-shaped section; a protrusion is provided on the inner side of the top of the first mounting box; guide rods are provided on both sides of the protrusion; the two wedge-shaped sections are provided with guide holes relative to the guide rods; the two transmission seats respectively drive the translation column to move along the direction of the guide rod; a first spring is provided on the outer side of the guide rod; one end of the first spring is connected to the wedge-shaped section, and the other end is connected to the protrusion.

[0009] Furthermore, convex edges are provided on both sides of the lifting column; the convex edges are located on the outside of the bottom of the first installation box; a second spring is provided between the convex edges and the first installation box; the top of the lifting column contacts the wedge-shaped section; the first ranging element is a first Hall sensor; there are two first Hall sensors; the two first Hall sensors are respectively arranged opposite to the two translation columns; and a metal shielding plate is provided between the two first Hall sensors.

[0010] Furthermore, the translation drive mechanism includes a drive motor and two drive arms; the drive motor is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the second mounting box; the drive motor is connected to a driving gear; the two drive arms are centrally symmetrical; the drive arm includes a rack segment and a connecting segment; the rack segment and the connecting segment are arranged in a Z shape; the driving gear is arranged between the two rack segments; the upper and lower sides of the driving gear are respectively engaged with the two rack segments; the two connecting segments are respectively connected to the sleeves on both sides; the connection positions of the two connecting segments and the corresponding sleeves are at the same height.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a sliding column; the measuring ball is a universal roller; a universal joint is provided at the bottom of the sliding column; and the universal roller is embedded in the universal joint.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting guide block is provided on the outside of the sliding column; a limiting guide groove is provided on the inside of the sleeve; the limiting guide block is slidably connected in the limiting guide groove; a third spring is provided in the limiting guide groove; and the third spring is connected to the limiting guide block.

[0013] Furthermore, a second distance measuring element is arranged on the inner side of the top of the sleeve; a magnet is arranged on the top of the sliding column; the second distance measuring element is a second Hall sensor; and the second Hall sensor is arranged opposite to the top of the sliding column.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving motor is connected to the controller; the controller is connected to the encoder; the encoder is connected to any traveling wheel to measure the rotation speed of the traveling wheel and further measure the traveling speed of the detection frame.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: When the testing vehicle frame begins to move, the measuring wheel is drawn into the wheel track. If a sunken rut has formed in the path to be tested (the wheel track), the measuring wheel descends to the rut surface to detect the undulations within the rut. However, the measuring wheel cannot measure the height difference between the edge of the rut and the normal road surface. Therefore, the present invention employs a laterally movable sleeve with a measuring ball at its bottom. During the sleeve's lateral movement, the measuring ball rises and falls relative to the sleeve as it transitions from the rut to the normal road surface, or vice versa. This allows the cross-sectional height values ​​of the rut and the normal road surface to be determined at multiple locations, thus improving the flatness test data.

[0016] A universal roller serves as a measuring ball at the bottom of the sleeve, rather than a measuring wheel. When the test frame is in motion, the universal roller automatically adapts to the direction of motion, preventing interference with the sleeve's lateral movement. This allows for flexible and smooth lateral movement. Simultaneously, each running wheel is connected to an encoder, which detects the running wheel's rotational speed and feeds it back to the controller, which then determines the displacement speed of the test frame. At higher vehicle speeds, the controller can shorten the drive motor's operating gap, thereby increasing the frequency of the sleeve's lateral movement and enabling multiple measurements at faster speeds. At slower speeds, appropriately lengthening the drive motor's operating gap still allows for multiple measurements. This design allows the device to not only detect the leveling data within the rut using the measuring wheel but also obtain multi-point cross-sectional elevation data between the rut and the normal road surface using the measuring ball, rather than being limited to the elevation difference at the starting point upon entering the rut. This allows for a more objective and clear reflection of road surface smoothness.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention also improves the working method of the conventional detection of the measuring wheel in the rut. In order to achieve the lifting and lowering movement of the measuring wheel in the prior art, it is necessary to set a dedicated longitudinal elastic lifting mechanism for the measuring wheel outside the detection frame, which changes the overall height and width of the frame, increases the size of the frame, and is inconvenient for transportation and storage. At the same time, each measuring wheel needs to be equipped with a detection element on its corresponding elastic lifting mechanism, further increasing the complexity of the exterior of the frame. The present invention converts the lifting movement of the measuring wheel into horizontal movement, which can reasonably utilize the internal space of the detection frame, does not occupy the outside of the frame, and does not increase its height; not only that, the horizontal movement directions of the two measuring wheels after conversion are opposite, and both move towards the same position, so the detection elements can be uniformly set here, making the layout of the detection frame more concise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection frame in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first installation box in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second installation box in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the lifting mechanism.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional drop between the rut and the normal road surface.

[0023] Figure 5 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the entry direction of the measuring wheel.

[0024] Figure 5 The h in the middle refers to the height difference of the cross section that the measuring ball is pointing to.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1 is a detection frame, 1-1 is a longitudinal beam, 1-2 is a transverse beam, 1-3 is a bar hole, 2 is a walking wheel, 3 is a first installation box, 4 is a second installation box, 5 is a measuring wheel, 6 is a sleeve, 6-1 is a limiting guide groove, 7 is a measuring ball, 8 is a lifting column, 8-1 is a convex edge, 9 is a translation column, 10 is a transmission seat, 10-1 is a vertical section, 10-2 is a wedge section, 11 is a protrusion, 12 is a guide rod, 13 is a first spring, 14 is a second spring, 15 is a first Hall sensor, 16 is a metal shielding plate, 17 is a driving motor, 18 is a driving arm, 18-1 is a rack section, 18-2 is a connecting section, 19 is a driving gear, 20 is a sliding column, 20-1 is a limiting guide block, 21 is a universal joint, 22 is a third spring, and 23 is a second Hall sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] A road smoothness detection device includes a detection frame; the detection frame 1 has a longitudinal beam 1-1; cross beams 1-2 are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beam 1-1; walking wheels 2 are provided at both ends of the cross beam 1-2, and a strip hole 1-3 is opened in the longitudinal beam 1-1; a first installation box 3 and a second installation box 4 are provided in the strip hole 1-3; displacement conversion mechanisms are symmetrically provided on both sides of the interior of the first installation box 3; the two displacement conversion mechanisms are respectively connected to the measuring wheels 5; a first distance measuring element is provided between the two displacement conversion mechanisms; sleeves 6 are respectively provided on the outside of the two sides of the second installation box 4; a lifting mechanism and a second distance measuring element are provided in the sleeve 6; a translation drive mechanism is provided in the second installation box 4; the translation drive mechanism is respectively connected to the sleeves 6 on both sides; a measuring ball 7 is provided at the bottom of the lifting mechanism.

[0028] Furthermore, the first installation box 3 and the second installation box 4 are distributed front and back in the strip holes 1-3; each displacement conversion mechanism includes a lifting column 8; a through hole is provided at the bottom of the first installation box 3 relative to the lifting column 8; and the lifting column 8 slides in the first installation box 3.

[0029] Specifically, the strip hole 1-3 is opened along the length direction of the longitudinal beam 1-1, and the first installation box 3 and the second installation box 4 are arranged in the strip hole 1-3 in front and behind; the lifting column 8 in the first installation box 3 passes through the through hole and moves up and down in the first installation box 3 to provide rising and falling conditions for the measuring wheel 5.

[0030] Furthermore, the two measuring wheels 5 are respectively arranged on the outside of the two lifting columns 8; the measuring wheels 5 are connected to the lifting columns 8 through wheel axles; the displacement conversion mechanism also includes a translation column 9 and a transmission seat 10; the translation column 9 is a magnetic steel; and the transmission seat 10 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the translation column 9.

[0031] Furthermore, the transmission seat 10 includes a vertical section 10-1 and a wedge-shaped section 10-2; a protrusion 11 is provided on the inner side of the top of the first mounting box 3; guide rods 12 are provided on both sides of the protrusion 11; the two wedge-shaped sections 10-2 are respectively provided with guide holes relative to the guide rods 12; the two transmission seats 10 respectively drive the translation column 9 to move along the direction of the guide rods 12; a first spring 13 is provided on the outer side of the guide rod 12; one end of the first spring 13 is connected to the wedge-shaped section 10-2, and the other end is connected to the protrusion 11.

[0032] Specifically, the lifting column 8 is provided with a protruding edge 8-1 on both sides; the protruding edge 8-1 is located on the outside of the bottom of the first installation box 3; a second spring 14 is provided between the protruding edge 8-1 and the first installation box 3; the top of the lifting column 8 is in contact with the wedge-shaped segment 10-2; the first distance measuring element is a first Hall sensor 15; there are two first Hall sensors 15; the two first Hall sensors 15 are respectively arranged opposite to the two translation columns 9; and a metal shielding plate 16 is provided between the two first Hall sensors 15.

[0033] In this embodiment, when the measuring wheel 5 enters a pothole in the measured path, the second spring 14 pushes the lifting column 8 and the measuring wheel 5 downward simultaneously. As the lifting column 8 descends, the first spring 13 simultaneously pushes the wedge segment 10-2 horizontally. The movement of the wedge segment 10-2 simultaneously drives the vertical segment 10-1 and the translation column 9 horizontally, moving the translation column 9 away from the first Hall sensor 15. Conversely, when the measuring wheel 5 exits the pothole, the lifting column 8 and the measuring wheel 5 ascend, and the translation column 9 approaches the first Hall sensor 15. Because the translation column 9 is a magnetic steel, its approach to or departure from the first Hall sensor 15 causes a change in magnetic field strength, resulting in a change in the output level of the first Hall sensor 15. This level change is then converted into the distance between the first Hall sensor 15 and the translation column 9, thereby detecting the height of the bumps. The specific method of converting this level change into a distance change, namely, distance measurement using Hall elements, is a conventional technique that has long been used in various distance measurement fields, so the specific conversion principle will not be elaborated on here.

[0034] At the same time, since two measuring wheels 5 are used in this embodiment, two first Hall sensors 15 are required to detect the corresponding translation columns 9 respectively; therefore, a metal shielding plate 16 is preferably provided between the two first Hall sensors 15 for electromagnetic shielding to prevent interference.

[0035] Each time a road surface passes through a pothole or undulation, vertical height data is generated. After all this data is collected and stored in the controller, a smoothness calculation can be performed using a related algorithm. The smoothness algorithm is a conventional technique in the field, and its related modules can be built into the controller, so I won't go into detail here.

[0036] Furthermore, the translation drive mechanism includes a drive motor 17 and two drive arms 18; the drive motor 17 is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the second mounting box 4; the drive motor 17 is connected to a driving gear 19; the two drive arms 18 are centrally symmetrical; the drive arm 18 includes a rack segment 18-1 and a connecting segment 18-2; the rack segment 18-1 and the connecting segment 18-2 are arranged in a Z shape; the driving gear 19 is arranged between the two rack segments 18-1; the upper and lower sides of the driving gear 19 are respectively engaged with the two rack segments 18-1; the two connecting segments 18-2 are respectively connected to the sleeves 6 on both sides; and the connection positions of the two connecting segments 18-2 and the corresponding sleeves 6 are at the same height.

[0037] Specifically, the lifting mechanism includes a sliding column 20 ; the measuring ball 7 is a universal roller; a universal joint 21 is provided at the bottom of the sliding column 20 ; and the universal roller is embedded in the universal joint 21 .

[0038] Furthermore, a limiting guide block 20-1 is provided on the outside of the sliding column 20; a limiting guide groove 6-1 is provided on the inside of the sleeve 6; the limiting guide block 20-1 is slidably connected in the limiting guide groove 6-1; a third spring 22 is provided in the limiting guide groove 6-1; the third spring 22 is connected to the limiting guide block 20-1.

[0039] Specifically, the second distance measuring element is provided on the inner side of the top of the sleeve 6 ; a magnet is provided on the top of the sliding column 20 ; the second distance measuring element is a second Hall sensor 23 ; the second Hall sensor 23 is provided opposite to the top of the sliding column 20 .

[0040] Specifically, the drive motor 17 is connected to the controller; the controller is connected to the encoder; the encoder is connected to any one of the running wheels 2 to measure the rotation speed of the running wheel 2 and further measure the travel speed of the detection frame 1.

[0041] This embodiment is based on the fact that the path to be measured (wheel track) has formed a long depression, that is, a rut; at this time, the measuring wheel 5 will drop directly after entering the rut from the starting end; but the drop height cannot fully reflect the rut state, because the cross-sectional height between the rut and the road surface is irregular. If only the ups and downs in the rut, or the height difference at the starting end of the rut is detected, the rut situation cannot be fully reflected. Therefore, a laterally movable sleeve 6 and a measuring ball 7 are used. During the process of detecting the movement of the frame 1, the measuring ball 7 can move laterally at a fixed gap, back and forth between the bottom of the rut and the normal road surface, and obtain cross-sectional height difference data at multiple points to improve the sinking of the rut relative to the normal road surface. See the attached Figure 5 In FIG. 8 , h represents the drop height to be detected by the measuring ball 7 .

[0042] Furthermore, since the measuring ball 7 is connected to the bottom of the sliding column 20 by the universal joint 21 , its movement direction is not restricted, so there will be no interference when the detection frame 1 moves laterally.

[0043] Specifically, the driving motor 17 drives the active gear 19 to rotate, causing the upper and lower driving arms 18 to translate in opposite directions. This in turn drives the sleeve 6 to translate to both sides; the length of translation depends on the location of the cross section. When the measuring ball 7 crosses the cross section, it will push the sliding column 20 upward, and the magnet on the top of the sliding column 20 will approach the second Hall sensor 23, so that the cross section height difference data can be obtained. At the same time, an encoder is used to detect the rotation speed of the running wheel 2, and then determine the travel speed of the detection frame 1. Then, the working clearance of the driving motor 17 is adjusted according to the travel speed of the detection frame 1 to ensure a sufficient number of detection points.

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A road smoothness detection device, comprising a detection frame; the detection frame (1) has a longitudinal beam (1-1); cross beams (1-2) are provided at both ends of the longitudinal beam (1-1); and running wheels (2) are provided at both ends of the cross beam (1-2), characterized in that: A strip hole (1-3) is provided in the longitudinal beam (1-1); a first installation box (3) and a second installation box (4) are provided in the strip hole (1-3); displacement conversion mechanisms are symmetrically provided on both sides of the interior of the first installation box (3); the two displacement conversion mechanisms are respectively connected to the measuring wheel (5); a first distance measuring element is provided between the two displacement conversion mechanisms; sleeves (6) are respectively provided on the exterior of both sides of the second installation box (4); a lifting mechanism and a second distance measuring element are provided in the sleeve (6); a translation drive mechanism is provided in the second installation box (4); the translation drive mechanism is respectively connected to the sleeves (6) on both sides; a measuring ball (7) is provided at the bottom of the lifting mechanism; The first installation box (3) and the second installation box (4) are distributed front and back in the strip holes (1-3); each displacement conversion mechanism includes a lifting column (8); a through hole is provided at the bottom of the first installation box (3) relative to the lifting column (8); the lifting column (8) slides in the first installation box (3); Two measuring wheels (5) are respectively arranged on the outside of two lifting columns (8); the measuring wheels (5) are connected to the lifting columns (8) through wheel shafts; the displacement conversion mechanism also includes a translation column (9) and a transmission seat (10); the translation column (9) is a magnetic steel; the transmission seat (10) is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the translation column (9); The transmission seat (10) includes a vertical section (10-1) and a wedge-shaped section (10-2); a protrusion (11) is provided on the inner side of the top of the first installation box (3); guide rods (12) are provided on both sides of the protrusion (11); the two wedge-shaped sections (10-2) are respectively provided with guide holes relative to the guide rods (12); the two transmission seats (10) respectively drive the translation column (9) to move along the guide rods (12); a first spring (13) is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod (12); one end of the first spring (13) is connected to the wedge-shaped section (10-2), and the other end is connected to the protrusion (11); The lifting column (8) is provided with convex edges (8-1) on both sides; the convex edges (8-1) are located outside the bottom of the first installation box (3); a second spring (14) is provided between the convex edges (8-1) and the first installation box (3); the top of the lifting column (8) contacts the wedge-shaped section (10-2); the first distance measuring element is a first Hall sensor (15); there are two first Hall sensors (15); the two first Hall sensors (15) are respectively arranged opposite to the two translation columns (9); a metal shielding plate (16) is provided between the two first Hall sensors (15); The translation drive mechanism comprises a drive motor (17) and two drive arms (18); the drive motor (17) is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the second installation box (4); the drive motor (17) is connected to a driving gear (19); the two drive arms (18) are centrally symmetrical; the drive arm (18) comprises a rack segment (18-1) and a connecting segment (18-2); the rack segment (18-1) and the connecting segment (18-2) are arranged in a Z-shape; the driving gear (19) is arranged between the two rack segments (18-1); the upper and lower sides of the driving gear (19) are respectively engaged with the two rack segments (18-1); the two connecting segments (18-2) are respectively connected to the sleeves (6) on both sides; and the connection positions of the two connecting segments (18-2) and the corresponding sleeves (6) are at the same height.

2. A road smoothness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a sliding column (20); the measuring ball (7) is a universal roller; a universal joint (21) is provided at the bottom of the sliding column (20); and the universal roller is embedded in the universal joint (21).

3. A road smoothness detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting guide block (20-1) is provided on the outside of the sliding column (20); a limiting guide groove (6-1) is provided on the inside of the sleeve (6); the limiting guide block (20-1) is slidably connected in the limiting guide groove (6-1); a third spring (22) is provided in the limiting guide groove (6-1); and the third spring (22) is connected to the limiting guide block (20-1).

4. A road smoothness detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second distance measuring element is arranged on the inner side of the top of the sleeve (6); a magnetic steel is arranged on the top of the sliding column (20); the second distance measuring element is a second Hall sensor (23); and the second Hall sensor (23) is arranged opposite to the top of the sliding column (20).

5. The road smoothness detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive motor (17) is connected to the controller; the controller is connected to the encoder; the encoder is connected to any one of the running wheels (2) and is used to measure the rotation speed of the running wheel (2), and further measure the travel speed of the detection frame (1).

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