Protective material for building decorative panels and construction method

Abstract

The present invention provides a protective material and construction method for building decorative panels, belonging to the technical field of building decorative panels. The protective material for building decorative panels includes a protective layer, a decorative layer, a sandwich layer, and a backboard reinforcement layer, the backboard reinforcement layer being used for installation on a wall mounting base. The protective layer is a nano-silicon dioxide-reinforced resin layer containing a nanocone array and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves. The protective layer, decorative layer, sandwich layer, and backboard reinforcement layer are sequentially bonded to form an integral protective substrate, the side of the protective substrate being provided with a rim fixedly mounted on the side of the protective substrate. The present invention has the advantages of a compact structure, high functional integration, and convenient installation. The protective performance is enhanced through a multi-layer composite structure design, and precise installation and impact cushioning are achieved through adjustable connection units, thereby improving installation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building decoration materials, and specifically to a protective material and construction method for building decorative panels, which is particularly suitable for interior and exterior wall decoration scenarios of buildings with high requirements for waterproofing, impact resistance, self-cleaning and installation convenience. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern society, various types of buildings have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, and the demand for decorative panels used on building surfaces has continued to increase. Architectural decorative panels are materials laid or painted on the surface of buildings to decorate and beautify the environment. They are materials that integrate materials, craftsmanship, design, and aesthetics, and are an important material basis for architectural decoration projects.

[0003] Common building decorative panels are usually made of polyurethane layers, glass wool layers, rock wool layers, styrene board layers or any combination thereof. These conventional building panels mainly play the role of waterproofing and heat preservation. Existing building decorative panels have the following technical problems in practical applications:

[0004] First, traditional decorative panels are mostly single-layer or simple composite structures. Their surfaces are easily contaminated and have poor wear and weather resistance. The sandwich layer lacks systematic waterproofing and pre-buried pipeline design. The connection between the backboard and the wall is prone to deformation or falling off due to impact.

[0005] Second, existing connection structures are mostly rigidly fixed, making it difficult to achieve fine adjustment of the installation position, and lack a buffer design, which can easily cause cracking when the wall is uneven or impacted by external forces;

[0006] Third, the functions of protection, decoration, and structural support are independent of each other and need to be achieved through a combination of multiple components, which results in a large weight of the panels, complex construction, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective material and construction method for building decorative panels. The present invention has the advantages of compact structure, high functional integration and easy installation. The protective performance is improved through a multi-layer composite structure design, and precise installation and impact buffering are achieved through adjustable connection units.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A protective material for building decorative panels, comprising a protective layer, a decorative layer, a sandwich layer and a backboard reinforcement layer;

[0010] The backboard reinforcement layer is used to be installed on the wall installation base; the protective layer is a nano-silicon dioxide reinforced resin layer containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves;

[0011] The protective layer, the decorative layer, the sandwich layer and the backboard reinforcement layer are sequentially bonded to form an integral protective substrate. A rim is provided on the side of the protective substrate, and the rim is fixedly provided on the side of the protective substrate.

[0012] In one embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the sandwich layer is a composite layer of honeycomb aluminum with pre-buried pipes and an elastomer filler, the surface of the honeycomb aluminum core of the sandwich layer is provided with a sealing film, the elastomer filler is EPDM rubber, the thickness of the sandwich layer is 8-10 mm, the width of the pre-buried pipes is 4-6 mm, and the depth is 2-4 mm.

[0013] In one embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the height of the nanocone array is 4-6 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is loaded with titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 150-250 nm, and the thickness of the protective layer is 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0014] In one embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the backboard reinforcement layer includes a bottom plate and a plurality of support units. The support units are composed of a plurality of aluminum profile columns spliced ​​together. The height of the aluminum profile is 2-3 mm.

[0015] In one embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the backboard reinforcement layer and the sandwich layer are provided with an impact-proof functional layer, and the impact-proof functional layer includes a rigid support layer, a core buffer layer and a base surface contact layer laminated in sequence.

[0016] In one embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the rigid support layer is a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer with a thickness of 0.4-0.6 mm; the core buffer layer is a closed-cell foamed polyethylene and honeycomb nitrile rubber composite layer with a thickness of 3-5 mm; the base surface contact layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer with a thickness of 1-3 mm and anti-slip grooves on the surface.

[0017] In one embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the integral protective substrate is connected to the wall via a connecting unit. The connecting unit includes a connecting column. The connecting column is provided on the backboard reinforcement layer. The connecting unit is connected to the wall.

[0018] In one embodiment disclosed in the present invention, the connecting unit also includes a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a spring, a connecting rod and a connecting base; the guide rod is fixedly installed on the connecting column, a limiting portion is provided in the middle of the guide rod, and the spring is provided on the upper and lower sides of the limiting portion on the guide rod, the guide sleeve is slidably arranged on the guide rod, and the spring is located between the guide sleeve and the limiting portion, each guide sleeve is hinged to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is hinged to the connecting base on the side away from the guide sleeve, and the connecting base is used to be fixedly connected to the wall; a countersunk hole is provided on the edging, and a connecting bolt for connecting to the wall is provided in the countersunk hole, and the installation of the protective substrate is achieved by the connecting bolt.

[0019] In addition, the present invention also provides a construction method of a protective material for building decorative panels, comprising using the protective material for building decorative panels described above;

[0020] The specific steps are as follows:

[0021] Step 1: Fix the connection base on the wall and set mounting holes on the wall;

[0022] Step 2: Install the threaded sleeve in the mounting hole, pass the connecting bolt through the protective base plate and match it with the threaded sleeve. Turn the connecting bolt so that the protective base plate is close to the wall as a whole, so that the spring is compressed, the position of the protective base plate is adjusted, and the buffering effect is improved.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention is mainly composed of a protective layer, a decorative layer, a sandwich layer and a backboard reinforcement layer. The four-layer composite structure forms an integral substrate, which improves the mechanical integrity. Under the action of the edging, the edge of the integral protective substrate is fixed to avoid the risk of delamination; at the same time, the side edging strengthens the edge sealing, prevents moisture / dust from invading the gaps between layers, and extends the service life; the setting of the nanocone array and the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove has both hydrophobic self-cleaning and photocatalytic decomposition of pollutants functions, reducing the accumulation of surface stains. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the connecting bolt and the hemming of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in use.

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0030] Reference numerals:

[0031] 101 protective layer, 102 decorative layer, 103 sandwich layer, 104 backboard reinforcement layer, 105 wall, 106 edging, 107 protective base plate, 108 connecting unit, 109 connecting column, 110 guide rod, 111 guide sleeve, 112 spring, 113 connecting rod, 114 connecting base, 115 limiting part, 116 countersunk hole, 117 connecting bolt, 118 mounting hole, 119 upper limit block, 120 lower limit block, 121 slot, 122 protrusion, 123 threaded sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly specified.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention, the components and configurations of specific examples are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or configurations discussed.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1: See Figure 1 , this embodiment discloses a protective material for building decorative panels, comprising a protective layer 101, a decorative layer 102, a sandwich layer 103 and a backboard reinforcement layer 104;

[0040] Among them, the backboard reinforcement layer 104 is used to be installed on the installation base surface of the wall 105; the protective layer 101 is a nano-silicon dioxide reinforced resin layer containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves;

[0041] The protective layer 101 , the decorative layer 102 , the sandwich layer 103 and the backboard reinforcement layer 104 are sequentially bonded to form an integral protective substrate 107 . A rim 106 is provided on the side of the protective substrate 107 . The rim 106 is fixedly provided on the side of the protective substrate 107 .

[0042] The nanocone array has a height of 4-6 μm, and the hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves are loaded with titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 150-250 nm. The protective layer 101 has a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm. The hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves are loaded with 150-250 nm titanium dioxide particles. The quantum size effect of nanoparticles is utilized to widen the band gap when the particle size is less than 300 nm, enhancing the absorption efficiency of visible light. Testing has shown that under 365 nm ultraviolet light, the catalytic efficiency is increased by 30%. The hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves increase the surface area for the photocatalytic reaction, achieving the dual decontamination purposes of self-cleaning and photodegradation.

[0043] In this embodiment, the height of the nanocone array is 5 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is loaded with titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 200 nm, and the thickness of the protective layer 101 is 0.3 mm. By adjusting the surface roughness so that the contact angle is less than 90, a hydrophilic surface is formed, and rainwater can carry dust particles and slide down when spreading into a film on the surface of the plate. Among them, the sandwich layer 103 is a composite layer of honeycomb aluminum with pre-buried pipes and elastomer fillers. The surface of the honeycomb aluminum core of the sandwich layer 103 is provided with a sealing film, the elastomer filler is EPDM rubber, the thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 8-10 mm, the width of the pre-buried pipes is 4-6 mm, and the depth is 2-4 mm.

[0044] In this embodiment, the elastomer filler is EPDM rubber, the thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 9 mm, and the width and depth of the embedded pipe are 5 mm and 3 mm respectively.

[0045] The protective layer 101 of this embodiment adopts nano-silica reinforced resin containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves. The surface roughness of the nano-cone array is used to achieve a micron-level three-dimensional structure to construct a physical barrier, which can effectively reduce the probability of pollutant adhesion; the photocatalytic components loaded in the hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves generate hydroxyl radicals under light, and decompose organic pollutants through photocatalytic reactions. Combined with the high strength characteristics of nano-silica, the protective layer 101 has multiple properties such as anti-fouling, self-cleaning, wear resistance and weather resistance.

[0046] At the same time, the sandwich layer 103 and the backboard reinforcement layer 104 are bonded layer by layer to form an integral structure. The backboard reinforcement layer 104 serves as the installation base and provides rigid support. The sandwich layer 103 realizes lightweight and functional integration. The edging 106 structure physically fixes and closes the side of the plate to prevent water vapor and impurities from invading from the edge, thereby improving the overall sealing and structural durability, and is suitable for complex building environments such as humidity and high pollution.

[0047] The honeycomb aluminum core utilizes a bionic honeycomb structure to achieve maximum rigidity with minimum mass. Its density is only 1 / 3 of that of steel and its strength can reach 3 times that of plates of the same thickness. The surface sealing membrane isolates the elastomer filler from the external environment to prevent aging and failure of the EPDM rubber.

[0048] The EPDM rubber elastomer fills the honeycomb pores, absorbing external impact energy through the high elasticity of the material and reducing the vibration response of the plate.

[0049] The pre-buried pipes provide concealed installation space for building pipelines, such as electrical wires and water pipes, without damaging the mechanical properties of the honeycomb structure, thus achieving the integration of decoration and function. The pipe dimensions are optimized through finite element analysis to ensure the compressive strength of the sandwich layer 103 while improving the convenience of pipeline installation.

[0050] In this embodiment, the hexagonal cells (side length 2-3mm) of the honeycomb aluminum core form a natural mechanical support structure. ANSYS simulation has verified that when subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 50kPa, the pre-buried pipes are arranged along the axis of the honeycomb cells, and the hollow characteristics of the aluminum core are used to enable the insertion of pipelines. Compared with the traditional post-plate drilling process, the construction efficiency is increased by 60%, and the overall strength of the plate is avoided. It is particularly suitable for the rapid installation needs of prefabricated buildings.

[0051] In this embodiment, the hexagonal cells of the honeycomb aluminum core have a side length of 1.5 mm.

[0052] In actual application, holes corresponding to the embedded pipes are provided on the side of the edge 106 .

[0053] Example 2: This embodiment is further optimized based on Example 1. In the embodiment, the backboard reinforcement layer 104 includes a base plate and a plurality of support units. The support units are composed of a plurality of aluminum profile columns spliced ​​together. The height of the aluminum profile is 2-3 mm.

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the height of the aluminum profile is 2.5 mm.

[0055] In some preferred implementation cases, the height of the aluminum profile is 2 mm or 3 mm.

[0056] In this embodiment, the back panel reinforcement layer 104 adopts a combined structure of a base plate and an aluminum profile support unit to achieve the purpose of dot matrix support, and is spliced ​​in an equilateral triangle array with a spacing of 13mm; a three-dimensional support network is formed. After pressure testing, when the plate is subjected to a concentrated load of 800N, the back panel deflection is less than 1.5mm, and the support stiffness is increased by 2 times compared with the traditional flat back panel.

[0057] At the same time, the height of the aluminum profile is controlled to ensure the supporting strength while avoiding excessive increase in the thickness of the plate. The overall thickness is ≤15mm, which is suitable for the installation space of existing building walls, and the aluminum profile is recyclable.

[0058] Furthermore, in some preferred implementation cases, the backboard reinforcement layer 104 and the sandwich layer 103 are provided with an impact-proof functional layer, and the impact-proof functional layer includes a rigid support layer, a core buffer layer and a base surface contact layer laminated in sequence.

[0059] Among them, the rigid support layer is a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer with a thickness of 0.4-0.6mm; the core buffer layer is a closed-cell foamed polyethylene and honeycomb nitrile rubber composite layer with a thickness of 3-5mm; the base contact layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer with a thickness of 1-3mm and anti-slip grooves on the surface.

[0060] In specific implementations, the rigid support layer is 0.5mm thick, the core buffer layer is 4mm thick, and the base contact layer is 2mm thick. The rigid support layer absorbs the impact load transmitted by the sandwich layer 103, converting the concentrated force into a uniformly distributed force through elastic deformation. The core buffer layer utilizes the porous structure of closed-cell polyethylene foam, with a density of 30-50kg / m³, to absorb high-frequency vibration energy. Honeycomb nitrile rubber, with a pore size of 0.5-1mm, dissipates low-frequency impact energy through the movement of rubber molecular segments. Testing has shown that the combination of the two increases impact absorption efficiency to over 75%.

[0061] The anti-skid grooves on the surface are provided with a depth of 0.3-0.5 mm, and are used to increase the friction coefficient with the wall 105 to prevent the plate from slipping. At the same time, they serve as a stress transition layer to make the interface stress distribution more uniform.

[0062] In this embodiment, the depth of the surface anti-slip grooves is 0.4 mm.

[0063] Among them, the anti-slip pattern is specifically a diamond pattern with a spacing of 2mm.

[0064] Furthermore, in some preferred implementation cases, in the glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer, 30% of the glass fibers are arranged longitudinally along the board; after testing, the tensile strength is ≥50 MPa and the elastic modulus is ≥1.2 GPa, meeting the rigid support requirements.

[0065] Example 3: This example is further optimized based on Example 1 or Example 2. In this example, the integral protective substrate 107 is connected to the wall 105 through a connecting unit 108. The connecting unit 108 includes a connecting column 109. The connecting column 109 is arranged on the backboard reinforcement layer 104. The connecting unit 108 is connected to the wall 105.

[0066] The connection column 109 is used to connect to the wall 105. The connection column 109 has a diameter of 8-10 mm, preferably 9 mm in this embodiment. The rigid connection between the protective substrate 107 and the connection unit 108 is achieved by fixing with bolts.

[0067] In some preferred embodiments, the connecting column 109 has a diameter of 8 mm or 10 mm.

[0068] Example 4: See Figures 1-4 This embodiment is further optimized based on implementation 3. In this embodiment, the connecting unit 108 further includes a guide rod 110, a guide sleeve 111, a spring 112, a connecting rod 113 and a connecting base 114.

[0069] In practical applications, a plurality of connecting units 108 may be provided according to the size of the protective substrate 107 .

[0070] Among them, the guide rod 110 is fixedly installed on the connecting column 109, and a limiting portion 115 is provided in the middle of the guide rod 110. The spring 112 is provided on the upper and lower sides of the limiting portion 115 on the guide rod 110. The guide sleeve 111 is slidably set on the guide rod 110, and the spring 112 is located between the guide sleeve 111 and the limiting portion 115. Each guide sleeve 111 is hinged with the connecting rod 113, and the connecting rod 113 is hinged to the connecting base 114 away from the guide sleeve 111. The connecting base 114 is used to be fixedly connected to the wall 105.

[0071] The edge 106 is provided with a countersunk hole 116 , and a connecting bolt 117 for connecting with the wall 105 is provided in the countersunk hole 116 , so that the protective substrate 107 can be installed by the connecting bolt.

[0072] The spring 112 forms an elastic support between the guide sleeve 111 and the limit part 115. When the plate is subjected to a lateral impact, the spring 112 is compressed and deformed. In actual application, the compression deformation of the spring 112 is controlled to be 5-8mm, which can effectively absorb more than 50% of the impact energy. It has been tested that the vibration response amplitude is reduced by 60% compared with the rigid connection. At the same time, the countersunk hole 116 and the connecting bolt 117 are used to hide the installation components and keep the surface of the plate smooth. At the same time, the connecting bolt with a pitch of 1.5mm can achieve 0.1mm level precision position fine-tuning, which realizes the installation of the protective substrate 107 when the wall 105 is uneven.

[0073] In this embodiment, the spring 112 is compressed and deformed by 6 mm.

[0074] In some preferred embodiments, the spring 112 is compressed and deformed by 5 mm or 8 mm.

[0075] The specific construction methods are as follows:

[0076] Step 1: Fix the connection base 114 on the wall 105 and set a mounting hole 118 on the wall 105;

[0077] Step 2: Install the threaded sleeve 123 in the mounting hole 118, pass the connecting bolt 117 through the protective substrate 107 and match it with the threaded sleeve 123, rotate the connecting bolt 117, so that the protective substrate 107 is close to the wall 105 as a whole, so that the spring 112 is compressed, the position of the protective substrate 107 is adjusted, and the buffering effect is improved.

[0078] In this embodiment, precise control and performance optimization of the installation process are achieved through the pre-compression of the threaded sleeve 123, the connecting bolt 117 and the spring 112. The connecting bolt 117 is driven in rotation with a feed of 1.5 mm per turn, so that the pre-compression amount of the spring 112 is controllable to ensure the pre-compression. The buffer mechanism of the spring 112 continuously compensates for slight deformation of the wall 105 during long-term use, avoiding the problem of plate cracking caused by traditional rigid connections and effectively extending the service life.

[0079] Furthermore, during installation, the connecting base 114 needs to be installed on the wall 105, but the line of sight is blocked by the protective substrate 107, making it inconvenient to install the connecting base 114, resulting in reduced installation efficiency; therefore, in some preferred implementation cases, an upper limit block 119 and a lower limit block 120 are provided on the wall 105, and a card slot 121 is provided on the opposite side of the upper limit block 119 and the lower limit block 120, and a protrusion 122 that cooperates with the card slot 121 is provided on the connecting base 114.

[0080] In traditional installation, the connection base 114 needs to be precisely positioned in the area of ​​the wall 105 shielded by the protective substrate 107 , relying on manual visual alignment, which is inefficient and prone to errors.

[0081] This embodiment transforms abstract spatial positioning into intuitive mechanical coordination through the matching structure of slots 121 and protrusions 122. During installation, it is only necessary to first install the upper limit block 119 and the lower limit block 120. Then, align the protrusion 122 of the connection base 114 with the slots 121 of the upper limit block 119 and the lower limit block 120 installed on the wall 105. This allows for rapid alignment through physical contact feedback, completely eliminating the reliance on line of sight. Even in confined spaces, high-altitude operations, or complex scenarios where panels are obstructed, construction workers can complete positioning simply by feel or with simple tools, significantly improving installation efficiency. Testing has shown that the installation time for a single panel is reduced by 40%-60%.

[0082] In this embodiment, the slots 121 of the upper limit block 119 and the lower limit block 120 form horizontal and vertical bidirectional positioning constraints with the protrusion 122 of the connecting base 114. The slots 121 produce a lateral limit on the protrusion 122 to prevent the connecting base 114 from shifting left and right. After rotating the connecting bolt 117, under the action of the spring 112, the protrusion 122 and the slots 121 are tightly fitted together, achieving buffering while preventing it from falling off.

[0083] When the position of the plate is subsequently adjusted by the connecting bolt 117, the positioned protrusion 122 and the slot 121 structure are equivalent to providing an initial guide fulcrum. When the connecting screw rotates, the spring 112 is compressed to avoid the connecting bolt 117 from being stuck or stress concentration caused by the tilt of the connecting base 114. The rigid support of the limit block reduces the shaking of the plate during the adjustment process, making the compression of the spring 112 uniform and controllable, ultimately maximizing the effectiveness of the buffer mechanism and reducing the difficulty of construction personnel in controlling the bolt torque.

[0084] The fixing method of the limit block and the wall 105 (such as expansion bolts, adhesives) can be flexibly adjusted according to the base material (concrete, aerated bricks, steel structure), while the size of the protrusion 122 connecting the base 114 remains uniform and standard, which is suitable for the standardized construction of prefabricated buildings, can reduce on-site measurement and layout time, and is compatible with the installation requirements of prefabricated walls 105 and cast-in-place walls 105.

[0085] Furthermore, in some preferred implementation cases, the top of the nanocone array is loaded with titanium dioxide particles, and the bottom of the cone extends to the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove to form a gradient structure; the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 8-10 μm, and the inclination angle of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove sidewall is 15°-30°.

[0086] Furthermore, the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 9 μm, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 20°.

[0087] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 8 μm, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 15°.

[0088] As an option, in some preferred embodiments, the depth of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 10 μm, and the inclination angle of the side wall of the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is 20°.

[0089] The cone top of this embodiment catalytically decomposes pollution while achieving the purpose of groove diversion and flushing, effectively improving self-cleaning efficiency, enhancing water flow guidance, reducing the risk of particle shedding, and effectively solving the problem of long-term performance degradation in existing technologies.

[0090] Furthermore, in some preferred implementations, the edge wrapping utilizes a shape-memory polymer material, including a polycaprolactone matrix, carbon nanotubes, and hydrophobic silica. When the ambient humidity exceeds 80%, the edge wrapping shrinks by 8%. This allows for automatic shrinkage at humidity levels exceeding 80%, improving sealing. The carbon nanotubes enhance the edge wrapping's strength and prevent deformation. This embodiment intelligently responds to environmental changes, addressing the pain point of edge leakage in high-humidity areas and reducing manual maintenance.

[0091] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, a microencapsulated repair agent is added to the sealing envelope. The microencapsulated repair agent comprises a polyurethane shell and an epoxy resin core, has a particle size of 5-10 μm, and is added in an amount of 3-5 wt% of the weight of the sealing envelope. In this embodiment, the particle size is preferably 8 μm, and the amount added is 4 wt% of the weight of the sealing envelope. In practical applications, microcracks are automatically repaired when they appear, extending the service life of the sandwich layer. This is particularly suitable for harsh environments with large temperature differences and frequent vibrations. In this embodiment, the self-healing technology is introduced into the sandwich layer of building panels, significantly improving material durability and reducing maintenance costs.

[0092] In some preferred embodiments, the particle size of the polyurethane shell and the epoxy resin core is 5 μm, and the added amount is 3 wt % of the weight of the sealing envelope.

[0093] Furthermore, in some preferred embodiments, the particle size of the polyurethane shell and the epoxy resin core is 10 μm, and the added amount is 5 wt % of the weight of the sealing envelope.

[0094] Example 5. This example is basically the same as Example 1, except that, in this example, the height of the nanocone array is 4 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is loaded with titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 150 nm, the thickness of the protective layer 101 is 0.2 mm, the thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 8 mm, the width of the embedded pipe is 4 mm and the depth is 2 mm, and the hexagonal cell side length of the honeycomb aluminum core is 2 mm.

[0095] Example 6. This embodiment is basically the same as Example 1, except that, in this embodiment, the height of the nanocone array is 6 μm, the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove is loaded with titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 250 nm, the thickness of the protective layer 101 is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the sandwich layer 103 is 10 mm, the width of the embedded pipe is 6 mm and the depth is 4 mm, and the hexagonal cell side length of the honeycomb aluminum core is 3 mm.

[0096] Example 7. This example is basically the same as Example 2, except that the back panel reinforcement layer 104 adopts a combined structure of a base plate and an aluminum profile support unit to achieve the purpose of dot matrix support. It is spliced ​​in an equilateral triangle array with a spacing of 10mm. The rigid support layer thickness is 0.4mm; the core buffer layer thickness is 3mm; the base contact layer thickness is 1mm, and the surface anti-slip groove depth is 0.3mm.

[0097] Example 8. This embodiment is basically the same as Example 2, with the difference that the back panel reinforcement layer 104 adopts a combined structure of a base plate and an aluminum profile support unit to achieve the purpose of dot matrix support. It is spliced ​​in an equilateral triangle array with a spacing of 15mm. The rigid support layer thickness is 0.6mm; the core buffer layer thickness is 5mm; the base surface contact layer thickness is 3mm, and the surface anti-slip groove depth is 0.5mm.

[0098] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective material for building decorative panels, characterized by: Including protective layer, decorative layer, sandwich layer and backboard reinforcement layer; The backboard reinforcement layer is used to be installed on the wall installation base; the protective layer is a nano-silicon dioxide reinforced resin layer containing nano-cone arrays and hydrophilic photocatalytic grooves; The protective layer, the decorative layer, the sandwich layer and the backboard reinforcement layer are sequentially bonded to form an integral protective substrate, and a rim is provided on the side of the protective substrate, and the rim is fixedly provided on the side of the protective substrate; The integral protective base plate is connected to the wall through a connecting unit, wherein the connecting unit includes a connecting column, the connecting column is arranged on the back plate reinforcement layer, and the connecting unit is connected to the wall; The connecting unit also includes a guide rod, a guide sleeve, a spring, a connecting rod and a connecting base; The guide rod is fixedly mounted on the connecting column, a limit portion is provided in the middle of the guide rod, the spring is provided on the upper and lower sides of the limit portion on the guide rod, the guide sleeve is slidably arranged on the guide rod, the spring is located between the guide sleeve and the limit portion, each guide sleeve is hinged to the connecting rod, and the side of the connecting rod away from the guide sleeve is hinged to the connecting base, and the connecting base is used to be fixedly connected to the wall; The edge is provided with a countersunk hole, and the countersunk hole is equipped with a connecting bolt for connecting with the wall, and the protective substrate is installed through the connecting bolt; An upper limit block and a lower limit block are provided on the wall, and a slot is provided on the opposite side of the upper limit block and the lower limit block, and a protrusion that cooperates with the slot is provided on the connecting base; the slots of the upper limit block and the lower limit block and the protrusion of the connecting base form horizontal and vertical bidirectional positioning constraints, and the slots produce lateral limitations on the protrusion to prevent the connecting base from shifting left and right; after rotating the connecting bolt, under the action of the spring, the protrusion and the slot are tightly matched.

2. The protective material for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the nanocone array is 4-6 μm, titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 150-250 nm are loaded in the hydrophilic photocatalytic groove, and the thickness of the protective layer is 0.2-0.5 mm.

3. The protective material for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sandwich layer is a composite layer of honeycomb aluminum with pre-buried pipes and elastomer fillers.

4. The protective material for building decorative panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the honeycomb aluminum core of the sandwich layer is provided with a sealing membrane, the elastomer filler is EPDM rubber, the thickness of the sandwich layer is 8-10 mm, the width of the embedded pipe is 4-6 mm, and the depth is 2-4 mm.

5. The protective material for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backboard reinforcement layer includes a bottom plate and several supporting units. The supporting units are composed of several aluminum profile columns spliced ​​together. The height of the aluminum profile is 2-3mm.

6. The protective material for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backboard reinforcement layer and the sandwich layer are provided with an impact-proof functional layer, which includes a rigid support layer, a core buffer layer and a base surface contact layer which are laminated in sequence.

7. The protective material for building decorative panels according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rigid support layer is a glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane layer with a thickness of 0.4-0.6mm; the core buffer layer is a closed-cell foamed polyethylene and honeycomb nitrile rubber composite layer with a thickness of 3-5mm; the base contact layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer with a thickness of 1-3mm and anti-slip grooves on the surface.

8. A method for constructing protective materials for building decorative panels, characterized by: The protective material for building decorative panels according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used; The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Fix the connection base on the wall and set mounting holes on the wall; Step 2: Install the threaded sleeve in the mounting hole, pass the connecting bolt through the protective base plate and match it with the threaded sleeve. Turn the connecting bolt so that the protective base plate is close to the wall as a whole, so that the spring is compressed, the position of the protective base plate is adjusted, and the buffering effect is improved.

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