Remaining entry gas early warning and monitoring device based on dynamic air volume regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a retained entry gas early warning and monitoring device based on dynamic air volume regulation and control, and relates to the technical field of mine ventilation safety, and the device comprises a fixed frame body which is fixed at the top of a return airway communicated with a retained entry; the exhaust device is fixed in the fixed frame body; the connecting channel is fixedly connected with the fixed frame body and is communicated with the air return way and the main exhaust channel; the flow adjusting device is arranged on the exhaust device in a sliding manner; and the dispersed monitoring device is arranged in the connecting channel and is fixed on one side, far away from the exhaust device, of the fixed frame body. By adjusting the angles of the exhaust fan blades, the performance and stability of the motor can be maintained, and by monitoring the gas content and dynamically adjusting the exhaust air rate, the situation of excessive ventilation or insufficient ventilation is effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine ventilation safety, and more specifically, to a roadway retaining gas early warning and monitoring device based on dynamic air volume regulation. Background Art

[0002] During the coal mining process, roadway retaining is a key technology to reduce coal pillar loss and improve resource recovery rate. However, its closed environment is prone to gas accumulation, leading to explosion risks. Traditional gas monitoring systems mostly rely on fixed threshold alarms and are difficult to dynamically adjust the air volume according to the real-time gas concentration, resulting in contradictions of "over ventilation" or "insufficient ventilation" in the ventilation system. Generally, the air volume is adjusted mainly by the rotation speed of the motor. Frequent adjustment may affect the performance and stability of the motor. As a key area in coal mining, the gas concentration in the retained roadway is affected by geological structures, mining technologies, and the coupling of ventilation networks, showing spatio-temporal dynamic variation characteristics. There is an urgent need for an intelligent monitoring device that can dynamically regulate the air volume based on the real-time feedback of gas concentration to achieve precise and energy-saving gas control. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a roadway retaining gas early warning and monitoring device based on dynamic air volume regulation to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A roadway retaining gas early warning and monitoring device based on dynamic air volume regulation, comprising:

[0004] A fixed frame, fixed on the top of the return airway connected to the retained roadway;

[0005] An exhaust device, fixed inside the fixed frame;

[0006] A connection channel, fixedly connected to the fixed frame, connecting the return airway and the main exhaust channel;

[0007] A flow regulating device, slidably arranged on the exhaust device;

[0008] A decentralized monitoring device, arranged in the connection channel and fixed on the side of the fixed frame away from the exhaust device.

[0009] Further, as a preference, the exhaust device includes:

[0010] A rotating motor, fixed in the middle of the fixed frame;

[0011] A connection component, fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating motor;

[0012] A fan blade unit, annularly distributed with a plurality of them, rotatably arranged on the side of the connection component;

[0013] A linkage mechanism, arranged in the connection component and fixedly connected to the fan blade unit.

[0014] Further, as a preference, the connection component includes:

[0015] A connecting shaft body, the top of which is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating motor;

[0016] A fixing surface, fixed at the bottom of the connecting shaft body;

[0017] A positioning surface, a plurality of which are annularly distributed, arranged on the outside of the connecting shaft body, corresponding to the fan blade unit, and the bottom is fixed on the fixing surface;

[0018] A connecting surface, a plurality of which are annularly distributed, connecting two adjacent positioning surfaces.

[0019] Further, as a preference, the fan blade unit includes:

[0020] A rotating circular surface, rotatably arranged on the side of the connection component;

[0021] Exhaust fan blades, fixed on the outside of the rotating circular surface;

[0022] A connecting gear, fixed on the side of the rotating circular surface away from the exhaust fan blades, and there is a gap between the connecting gears on two adjacent groups of fan blade units, and one of the connecting gears meshes with the flow rate regulating device.

[0023] Further, as a preference, the linkage mechanism includes:

[0024] A transmission gear, fixed on the inside of the fan blade unit;

[0025] A transmission gear ring, rotatably arranged inside the connection component and located below the transmission gear, meshing with the transmission gear.

[0026] Further, as a preference, the flow rate regulating device includes:

[0027] An adjusting component, slidably arranged on the outside of the rotating motor and connected to the fan blade unit;

[0028] A pushing mechanism, fixed at the connection between the fixed frame and the rotating motor and arranged on the outside of the rotating motor, and the bottom is rotatably connected to the adjusting component.

[0029] Further, as a preference, the adjusting component includes:

[0030] A moving ring, slidably arranged on the outside of the rotating motor;

[0031] A rack, fixed at the bottom of the moving ring and connected to the fan blade unit.

[0032] Further, as a preference, the pushing mechanism includes:

[0033] The hydraulic shafts are arranged in a circular distribution, with multiple ones fixed on the outer side of the connection between the fixed frame and the rotating motor.

[0034] The pushing ring is fixed on the hydraulic shaft, corresponding to the moving ring, located above the moving ring, and rotatably connected to the moving ring.

[0035] Further, as an optimization, the decentralized monitoring device includes:

[0036] The connecting cone has its bottom fixedly connected to the center of the fixed frame, located on the side away from the rotating motor.

[0037] A plurality of shunt vanes are arranged in a circular distribution and fixed on the connecting cone, and sampling ports are provided on the side of the shunt vanes.

[0038] The sampling ring is fixed on the top of the connecting cone and fixedly connected to the shunt vanes.

[0039] The detection component is fixed on the sampling ring.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] In the present invention, through the setting of the exhaust device, the gas in the roadway is pumped and exhausted, and under the action of the flow rate regulating device, the inclination angle of the exhaust fan blades in the exhaust device is adjusted, and the exhaust air volume of the exhaust device is dynamically regulated by changing the inclination angle of the exhaust fan blades; through the setting of the decentralized monitoring device, the exhaust air flow is dispersed and sampled respectively to detect the gas content, and the exhaust device is dynamically adjusted according to the detected gas content to ensure that the gas content in the roadway is at a safe level. Description of the Drawings

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a roadway gas early warning and monitoring device based on dynamic air volume regulation;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust device and the flow rate regulating device;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting component;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fan blade unit and the linkage mechanism;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting component and the pushing mechanism;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the decentralized monitoring device;

[0048] In the figure: 1. Fixed frame; 2. Exhaust device; 3. Connection channel; 4. Flow regulation device; 5. Distributed monitoring device; 21. Rotating motor; 22. Connection component; 23. Fan blade unit; 24. Linkage mechanism; 41. Regulation component; 42. Pushing mechanism; 51. Connection cone; 52. Shunt vane; 53. Sampling ring; 54. Detection component; 221. Connection shaft body; 222. Fixed surface; 223. Positioning surface; 224. Connection surface; 231. Rotating circular surface; 232. Exhaust fan blade; 233. Connection gear; 241. Transmission gear; 242. Transmission gear ring; 411. Moving ring; 412. Rack; 421. Hydraulic shaft; 422. Pushing ring. Detailed implementation mode

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a roadway - retained gas early - warning monitoring device based on dynamic air volume regulation includes:

[0050] A fixed frame 1, fixed on the top of the return airway connected to the roadway - retained section;

[0051] An exhaust device 2, fixed inside the fixed frame 1;

[0052] A connection channel 3, fixedly connected to the fixed frame 1, connecting the return airway and the main exhaust channel;

[0053] A flow regulation device 4, slidably arranged on the exhaust device 2;

[0054] A distributed monitoring device 5, arranged in the connection channel 3, and fixed on the side of the fixed frame 1 away from the exhaust device 2.

[0055] In this embodiment, the exhaust device 2 includes:

[0056] A rotating motor 21, fixed in the middle of the fixed frame 1;

[0057] A connection component 22, fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating motor 21;

[0058] A fan blade unit 23, annularly distributed with multiple ones, rotatably arranged on the side of the connection component 22;

[0059] A linkage mechanism 24, arranged in the connection component 22, and fixedly connected to the fan blade unit 23.

[0060] That is to say, driven by the rotating motor 21, the fan blade unit 23 is driven to rotate through the connecting component 22 to perform the exhaust work. The gas mixture in the return airway is transported through the connecting channel 3 to the main exhaust channel for discharge. During the transportation process, the dispersed monitoring device 5 disperses the air flow and samples and detects it separately to detect and determine the gas content in the air flow. When the gas content exceeds the standard, while giving an early warning, the flow regulating device 4 is adjusted to increase the inclination angle of the fan blade unit 23 in the exhaust device 2, increase the gas flow rate, and promote the discharge of gas. When the gas content is low and lower than the safety value, the flow regulating device 4 can be adjusted to reduce the inclination angle of the fan blade unit 23 in the exhaust device 2, reduce the gas flow rate, and ensure the gas circulation in the roadway.

[0061] In this embodiment, the connecting component 22 includes:

[0062] A connecting shaft body 221, the top of which is fixed on the rotating shaft of the rotating motor 21;

[0063] A fixing surface 222, which is fixed at the bottom of the connecting shaft body 221;

[0064] A positioning surface 223, a plurality of which are annularly distributed, arranged on the outer side of the connecting shaft body 221, corresponding to the fan blade unit 23, and the bottom is fixed on the fixing surface 222;

[0065] A connecting surface 224, a plurality of which are annularly distributed, connecting two adjacent positioning surfaces 223.

[0066] That is to say, under the connection of the connecting shaft body 221, the whole connecting component 22 drives the fan blade unit 23 to rotate and drives the gas flow in the return airway.

[0067] In this embodiment, the fan blade unit 23 includes:

[0068] A rotating circular surface 231, which is rotatably arranged on the side of the connecting component 22;

[0069] Exhaust fan blades 232, which are fixed on the outer side of the rotating circular surface 231;

[0070] A connecting gear 233, which is fixed on the side of the rotating circular surface 231 away from the exhaust fan blades 232, and there is a gap between the connecting gears 233 on two adjacent sets of fan blade units 23, and one of the connecting gears 233 meshes with the flow regulating device 4.

[0071] That is to say, the rotating circular surface 231 is rotatably arranged on the positioning surface 223, and under the restriction of the connecting surface 224, the connecting gears 233 inside the rotating circular surface 231 are arranged at intervals, and the flow rate adjusting device 4 is engaged with the connecting gears 233 through the space corresponding to the connecting surface 224. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the fan blade unit 23 is adjusted through the flow rate adjusting device 4, and a plurality of fan blade units 23 are synchronously adjusted by driving the linkage mechanism 24, so as to dynamically adjust the gas flow rate of the exhaust device 2.

[0072] In this embodiment, the linkage mechanism 24 includes:

[0073] A transmission gear 241, fixed inside the fan blade unit 23;

[0074] A transmission gear ring 242, rotatably arranged inside the connecting component 22, and located below the transmission gear 241, and meshed with the transmission gear 241.

[0075] That is to say, when the flow rate adjusting device 4 drives the connecting gear 233 to rotate, the transmission gear 241 inside the connecting gear 233 is driven to rotate at the same time. Furthermore, under the transmission action of the transmission gear ring 242, a plurality of transmission gears 241 drive the connecting gear 233 to rotate synchronously, so as to synchronously adjust the fan blade unit 23. When the flow rate adjusting device 4 moves downward and drives the connecting gear 233 to rotate clockwise, the inclination angle of the exhaust fan blade 232 becomes larger, increasing the air volume of the exhaust device 2 and accelerating the exhaust efficiency; when the flow rate adjusting device 4 moves upward and drives the connecting gear 233 to rotate counterclockwise, the inclination angle of the exhaust fan blade 232 becomes smaller, reducing the air volume of the exhaust device 2 and the exhaust volume. It should be noted that the optimal angle of the exhaust fan blade 232 is between 20° and 25°. If the angle is too small (such as <15°), the air flow is not fully pushed by the fan blade and the air volume is low. If the angle is too large (such as >30°), the air flow separation leads to a decrease in efficiency and a reduction in air volume. At the optimal angle (such as 20° - 25°), the air flow is efficiently coupled with the fan blade and the air volume is the largest. That is to say, when adjusting the inclination angle of the exhaust fan blade 232, it should be controlled below 25° to avoid an excessive angle resulting in a reduction in air volume and a counterproductive effect.

[0076] In this embodiment, the flow rate adjusting device 4 includes:

[0077] An adjusting component 41, slidably arranged outside the rotating motor 21, and connected to the fan blade unit 23;

[0078] A pushing mechanism 42, fixed at the connection between the fixed frame 1 and the rotating motor 21, and arranged outside the rotating motor 21, with its bottom rotatably connected to the adjusting component 41.

[0079] That is to say, while the rotating motor 21 drives the fan unit 23 to rotate through the connecting component 22, it drives the adjusting component 41 to rotate at the bottom of the pushing mechanism 42. When it is necessary to increase the air volume, the pushing mechanism 42 extends downward, pushing the adjusting component 41 downward, and then driving the connecting gear 233 to rotate clockwise. Through the linkage mechanism 24, the inclination angles of multiple fan units 23 are adjusted to be larger, increasing the air flow rate passing through the exhaust device 2. When it is necessary to reduce the air volume, the pushing mechanism 42 contracts upward, pulling the adjusting component 41 upward, and then driving the connecting gear 233 to rotate counterclockwise. Through the linkage mechanism 24, the inclination angles of multiple fan units 23 are adjusted to be smaller, reducing the air flow rate passing through the exhaust device 2.

[0080] In this embodiment, the adjusting component 41 includes:

[0081] A moving ring 411, slidably arranged outside the rotating motor 21;

[0082] A rack 412, fixed to the bottom of the moving ring 411 and connected to the fan unit 23.

[0083] That is to say, the pushing mechanism 42 drives the rack 412 to move up and down through the moving ring 411. Under the action of the rack 412, the connecting gear 233 is driven to rotate, and then the inclination angle of the fan unit 23 is adjusted, and thus the exhaust air volume of the exhaust device 2 is dynamically adjusted.

[0084] In this embodiment, the pushing mechanism 42 includes:

[0085] A plurality of hydraulic shafts 421, annularly distributed and fixed outside the connection between the fixed frame 1 and the rotating motor 21;

[0086] A pushing ring 422, fixed on the hydraulic shaft 421, corresponding to the moving ring 411, located above the moving ring 411 and rotatably connected to the moving ring 411.

[0087] That is to say, when the rotating motor 21 drives the fan blade unit 23 to rotate through the connecting component 22, the moving ring 411 on the adjusting component 41 is driven to rotate at the bottom of the pushing ring 422 at the same time. When it is necessary to increase the air flow rate of the exhaust device 2, the hydraulic shaft 421 extends downward, and the moving ring 411 and the rack 412 are pushed downward through the pushing ring 422, thereby driving the connecting gear 233 to rotate clockwise. The inclination angles of multiple groups of fan blade units 23 are adjusted larger through the linkage mechanism 24, so that the air flow rate passing through the exhaust device 2 increases; when it is necessary to reduce the air volume, the hydraulic shaft 421 contracts upward, and the moving ring 411 and the rack 412 are pulled upward through the pushing ring 422, thereby driving the connecting gear 233 to rotate counterclockwise. The inclination angles of multiple groups of fan blade units 23 are adjusted smaller through the linkage mechanism 24, so that the air flow rate passing through the exhaust device 2 decreases. It should be noted that the pushing ring 422 is rotationally connected to the moving ring 411, and the pushing ring 422 and the moving ring 411 are mutually attached.

[0088] In this embodiment, the distributed monitoring device 5 includes:

[0089] A connecting cone 51, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the center of the fixed frame 1 and is located on the side away from the rotating motor 21;

[0090] Diversion vanes 52, a plurality of which are annularly distributed and fixed on the connecting cone 51, and a sampling port is provided on the side of the diversion vane 52;

[0091] A sampling ring 53, fixed on the top of the connecting cone 51 and fixedly connected to the diversion vane 52;

[0092] A detection component 54, fixed on the sampling ring 53.

[0093] That is to say, when the air flow in the return airway enters the connecting channel 3 through the exhaust device 2, under the action of the diversion vanes 52, it is dispersed into multiple air flows and flows into the connecting channel 3. When the dispersed air flows along the connecting cone 51 and the diversion vanes 52, first, the sampling ports on each diversion vane 52 respectively extract and sample the gases in different regions and transport them to the detection component 54 for detection. When the air flow reaches the bottom of the connecting cone 51 and contacts the sampling ring 53, the sampling ring 53 absorbs part of the gas again and transports it to the detection component 54 for detection, collects the detection data at multiple positions, judges the gas content in the discharged gas, and then dynamically adjusts the exhaust air volume of the exhaust device 2 according to the gas content, effectively avoiding "over ventilation" or "insufficient ventilation".

[0094] In specific implementation, first, in the normal state, the rotating motor 21 in the exhaust device 2 drives the fan blade unit 23 to rotate through the connection assembly 22, and exhausts and transports the gas mixture in the return airway. When the exhausted gas mixture flows through the decentralized monitoring device 5, the sampling ports on the shunt blades 52 and the sampling ring 53 at the bottom of the connection cone 51 sample the gas in different regions. After sampling, it is transported to the detection assembly 54 for detection. When it is detected that the gas content in the air flow exceeds the standard, while giving an early warning, the hydraulic shaft 421 in the flow rate regulating device 4 extends downward, and through the pushing ring 422, it pushes the moving ring 411 and the rack 412 to move downward, and then drives the connecting gear 233 to rotate clockwise. Through the linkage mechanism 24, the inclination angles of multiple groups of fan blade units 23 are adjusted to be larger, so that the air flow rate passing through the exhaust device 2 increases, and the discharge of gas is accelerated; when it is detected that the gas content in the air flow is low and lower than the safety value, at this time, the hydraulic shaft 421 in the flow rate regulating device 4 contracts upward, and through the pushing ring 422, it pulls the moving ring 411 and the rack 412 to move upward, and then drives the connecting gear 233 to rotate counterclockwise. Through the linkage mechanism 24, the inclination angles of multiple groups of fan blade units 23 are adjusted to be smaller, so that the air flow rate passing through the exhaust device 2 decreases, and it is only necessary to ensure the air circulation in the roadway. Through the monitoring of the gas content and the dynamic adjustment of the exhaust air volume, "over ventilation" or "insufficient ventilation" can be effectively avoided. By adjusting the angle of the exhaust fan blade 232, it helps to maintain the performance and stability of the motor.

[0095] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas early warning and monitoring device for retaining roadway based on dynamic air volume regulation, characterized in that: Comprising: A fixed frame (1), fixed to the top of the return airway connected to the retained roadway; An exhaust device (2), fixed inside the fixed frame (1); A connection channel (3), fixedly connected to the fixed frame (1), connecting the return airway and the main exhaust channel; A flow rate regulating device (4), slidably arranged on the exhaust device (2); A decentralized monitoring device (5), arranged inside the connection channel (3), fixed to one side of the fixed frame (1) away from the exhaust device (2).

2. The gas early warning and monitoring device for roadway retention based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 1, wherein: The exhaust device (2) comprises: A rotating motor (21), fixed to the middle of the fixed frame (1); A connection assembly (22), fixed to the rotating shaft of the rotating motor (21); A fan blade unit (23), provided with a plurality of annularly distributed ones, rotatably arranged on the side of the connection assembly (22); A linkage mechanism (24), arranged inside the connection assembly (22), fixedly connected to the fan blade unit (23).

3. The gas early warning and monitoring device for roadway retaining based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 2, wherein: The connection assembly (22) comprises: A connection shaft body (221), the top of which is fixed to the rotating shaft of the rotating motor (21); A fixed surface (222), fixed to the bottom of the connection shaft body (221); A positioning surface (223), provided with a plurality of annularly distributed ones, arranged on the outside of the connection shaft body (221), corresponding to the fan blade unit (23), and the bottom is fixed to the fixed surface (222); A connection surface (224), provided with a plurality of annularly distributed ones, connecting two adjacent positioning surfaces (223).

4. The gas early warning and monitoring device for retained roadway based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan blade unit (23) comprises: A rotating circular surface (231), rotatably arranged on the side of the connection assembly (22); An exhaust fan blade (232), fixed to the outside of the rotating circular surface (231); A connection gear (233), fixed to the side of the rotating circular surface (231) away from the exhaust fan blade (232), and there is a gap between the connection gears (233) on two adjacent groups of fan blade units (23), and one of the connection gears (233) is meshed with the flow rate regulating device (4).

5. The gas early warning and monitoring device for gob-side entry retaining based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 2, wherein: The linkage mechanism (24) comprises: A transmission gear (241), fixed to the inside of the fan blade unit (23); A transmission gear ring (242), rotatably arranged inside the connection assembly (22), and located below the transmission gear (241), meshed with the transmission gear (241).

6. The gas early warning and monitoring device for retained roadway based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow rate regulating device (4) comprises: An adjustment assembly (41), slidably arranged on the outside of the rotating motor (21), and connected to the fan blade unit (23); A pushing mechanism (42), fixed to the connection part of the fixed frame (1) and the rotating motor (21), and arranged on the outside of the rotating motor (21), the bottom is rotatably connected to the adjustment assembly (41).

7. An apparatus for warning and monitoring gas in a roadway retained along the goaf based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (41) comprises: A moving ring (411), slidably arranged on the outside of the rotating motor (21); A rack (412), fixed to the bottom of the moving ring (411), and connected to the fan blade unit (23).

8. The gas early warning and monitoring device for roadway retaining based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (42) comprises: A hydraulic shaft (421), provided with a plurality of annularly distributed ones, fixed to the outside of the connection part of the fixed frame (1) and the rotating motor (21); The driving ring (422) is fixed on the hydraulic shaft (421), corresponding to the moving ring (411), located above the moving ring (411), and rotatably connected to the moving ring (411).

9. The gas early warning and monitoring device for roadway retaining based on dynamic air volume regulation according to claim 2, wherein: The distributed monitoring device (5) includes: A connecting cone (51), the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the center of the fixed frame (1), located on the side away from the rotating motor (21); Diversion vanes (52), a plurality of which are annularly distributed and fixed on the connecting cone (51), and a sampling port is provided on the side of the diversion vanes (52); A sampling ring (53), fixed on the top of the connecting cone (51) and fixedly connected to the diversion vanes (52); A detection component (54), fixed on the sampling ring (53).

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