Bending-driven self-sealing plunger device

Abstract

A device for sealing such a gap may be a plunger seal that may include a flap arm including a resilient tab and a wall arm including a resilient tab. The proximal end portion of the flap arm may include a closure seal coupled to the flap. The proximal end portion of the wall arm may include a plunger having a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the closure seal so that the plunger may be matingly received by the closure seal. When positioned in the gap, the plunger seal may apply a force to urge the flap arm toward the flap and to urge the wall arm and the spring tab toward the structure to seal the gap.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the patent application with the application number 202210500744.4 and the invention title "Bending-Driven Self-Sealing Plunger Device" filed on April 28, 2022.

[0002] Government Interest

[0003] This invention was made with government support. The government has certain rights in this invention. Technical Field

[0004] This technical field generally relates to dynamic seals for sealing gaps between movable components and fixed structures, and more particularly, to dynamic seals that can be used in the exhaust nozzles of gas turbine engines. Background Art

[0005] Gas turbine engines, such as those used to power aircraft, may include an exhaust nozzle downstream of the turbine. The exhaust nozzle may include a movable flap positioned between the nozzle sidewalls. The flap may be driven via a series of linkages to control a two-dimensional area within the nozzle, thereby guiding and accelerating the core airflow from the engine for thrust purposes. The gap between the flap and the nozzle sidewalls may form channels through which core air may flow, for example, due to a pressure gradient between the nozzle core and the surrounding environment around the nozzle. Leakage of core air from the nozzle core to the surrounding environment may reduce the thrust and efficiency of the engine. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention.

[0007] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a sealing device includes a first seal, a second seal, a closure seal, and a plunger. The first seal has a first proximal portion and a first distal portion. The second seal has a second proximal portion and a second distal portion, the second distal portion being coupled to the first distal portion, and the second seal being opposite the first seal and defining an internal space therebetween. The closure seal is attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal. The plunger is attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, and the plunger has a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the closure seal and is received by the closure seal in a mating manner to seal the internal space. The first seal is offset from the second seal.

[0008] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a sealing assembly includes a first seal, a second seal, a closure seal, and a plunger. The first seal has a first proximal portion and a first distal portion and defines a first air chamber; the second seal is opposite the first seal. The second seal has a second proximal portion and a second distal portion coupled to the first distal portion of the first seal and defines a second air chamber in fluid communication with the first air chamber. The closure seal is attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal and defines a lumen in fluid communication with the first air chamber. The plunger is attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, and the plunger is received by the closure seal in a mating manner. The lumen of the closure seal is configured to receive a fluid supply to thermally condition the sealing assembly to seal a gap between a movable flap and a fixed structure.

[0009] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of sealing a dynamic gap using a first sealing device, the first sealing device including a first seal, a second seal, a closure seal, and a first plunger. The first seal has a first proximal portion and a first distal portion. The second seal has a second proximal portion and a second distal portion coupled to the first distal portion of the first seal, the second seal being opposite the first seal and forming an internal space therebetween. The closure seal is attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal. The plunger is attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, wherein the first plunger is received by a groove in the closure seal in a mating manner to seal the internal space, and wherein the first seal is offset from the second seal to seal the dynamic gap. The method includes: contacting at least one surface defining the dynamic gap with the first plunger; and automatically moving at least the first plunger relative to the groove in response to movement in at least one of the surfaces.

[0010] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present subject matter and / or embodiments will be better understood with reference to the following description and the appended claims. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] A complete and enabling disclosure of the aspects of the present description for those of ordinary skill in the art is set forth in the specification, including its best mode, in which:

[0012] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary gas turbine engine exhaust nozzle assembly according to some embodiments.

[0013] Figure 2 is taken along Figure 1 line 2-2 of Figure 1 the nozzle and is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle.

[0014] Figure 3 is taken from the rear end of the nozzle assemblyFigure 1 Front view of the end of the nozzle.

[0015] Figure 4 along Figure 1 taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the nozzle assembly of

[0016] Figure 5 Perspective view of a flexure-actuated self-sealing plunger seal assembly including a plunger seal, with the plunger seal shown in a fully compressed state, according to some embodiments.

[0017] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Front view of the front side of the plunger seal assembly of , where the plunger seal is shown in a fully compressed state.

[0018] Figure 7 is Figure 5 Rear view of the rear side of the plunger seal assembly of , where the plunger seal is shown in a fully compressed state.

[0019] Figure 8 is Figure 5 Right side view of the plunger seal assembly of , where the plunger seal is shown in a fully compressed state.

[0020] Figure 9 Right side view of another embodiment of the plunger seal assembly.

[0021] Figure 10 Right side view of another embodiment of the plunger seal assembly.

[0022] Figure 11 is Figure 5 Perspective view of a series of plunger seals of , with the series of plunger seals installed in Figure 1 the nozzle assembly of .

[0023] Figure 12 is Figure 5 Front view of the front side of the plunger seal assembly of , where the plunger seal is shown in a further expanded state.

[0024] Figure 13 is Figure 5 Front view of the front side of the plunger seal assembly of , where the plunger seal is shown in a further expanded state, depicting the seal in a torsional state.

[0025] Figure 14 is Figure 5 Front perspective view of the plunger seal assembly of , where the plunger seal is shown in a further expanded state, depicting the seal in a torsional state.

[0026] Figure 15 Front elevational view of the front side of another embodiment of the plunger seal assembly.

[0027] Figure 16 Cross-sectional view of an exemplary plunger seal assembly equipped with integral heating and / or cooling, according to some embodiments.

[0028] The elements in the figures are shown for simplicity and clarity and are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions and / or relative positioning of some elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to assist in understanding the various embodiments. Additionally, common but well-understood elements that are useful or necessary in commercially viable embodiments are often not depicted to facilitate a less obstructed view of these different embodiments. Detailed Description

[0029] To reduce the clearance size between the flap and the nozzle sidewall and to seal the core air within the nozzle core, the seal assembly can be positioned between the nozzle flap and the sidewall. In some cases, the liner can be mounted to the nozzle sidewall via one or more suspension structures. When the nozzle sidewall includes a liner, the seal assembly can be positioned between the flap and the sidewall liner such that the seal seals the sidewall liner rather than directly sealing the nozzle sidewall.

[0030] During nozzle operation, the flap can move relative to the nozzle sidewall in one or more directions. Thus, the seal assembly for the clearance between the flap and the nozzle sidewall may need to facilitate sliding movement. For example, the seal assembly may need to facilitate sliding of the seal assembly along the nozzle sidewall while still maintaining the seal between the nozzle flap and the sidewall.

[0031] In addition to accommodating sliding movement along the sidewall, the seal assembly may also need to accommodate dynamic changes in the clearance size between the nozzle flap and the sidewall and / or liner. For example, the sidewall liner may deform due to pressure and temperature changes within the nozzle. Additionally, although typically fixed, the nozzle sidewall may also exhibit non-uniform profiles, deflections, or displacements towards or away from the flap. Such deformations can affect the clearance size between the flap and the nozzle sidewall and / or liner. Thus, the seal assembly may need to accommodate changes in the clearance size between the flap and the nozzle sidewall and / or liner. Additionally, when the nozzle sidewall and / or liner, or portions thereof, deform or move, the seal assembly may need to conform to the nozzle sidewall and / or liner.

[0032] Accordingly, there is still a need for a dynamic seal that more effectively and efficiently controls or prevents core air from flowing around the nozzle to the surrounding environment and into the structure of the dynamic seal itself.

[0033] The terms "coupled", "fixed", "attached", etc. refer to direct coupling, fixing or attachment, as well as indirect coupling, fixing or attachment through one or more intermediate components or features, unless expressly stated otherwise herein.

[0034] Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents.

[0035] The approximating language used throughout this specification and the claims is applied to modify any quantitative representation that can vary without resulting in a change in the basic function associated therewith. Accordingly, a value modified by one or more terms, such as "about", "approximately", and "substantially", is not limited to the precise value specified. In at least some instances, the approximating language can correspond to the precision of the instrument used to measure the value, or the precision of the method or machine used to configure or manufacture the component and / or system. For example, the approximating language can refer to within a ten percent margin.

[0036] Reference Figures 1-4 , shows a gas turbine engine 12 that generates a core air flow. An adjustable nozzle assembly 10 is located behind the gas turbine engine 12 to control the effect of the discharged core air. The adjustable nozzle assembly 10 includes an upper flap 14 and a lower flap 14 mounted for movement relative to each other between two opposing corresponding sidewalls 16. A gap 42 is located between the outer edges of the flaps 14 and the corresponding sidewalls 16. This gap 42 would allow air to be discharged to the surrounding environment inefficiently without a seal. As Figures 5-14 shown, there is a plunger seal 50 that controls or even prevents the discharge of this core air to the surrounding environment. The plunger seal 50 includes a flap arm 52 that engages the flap 14 and a wall arm 54 that engages the sidewall 16. The seal 50 is elastic such that the flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54 are deflected from each other when preloaded in the gap 42. The ends 68, 70 of the flap arms 52, 54 cooperate to control or prevent core air from entering the internal space 72 between the arms 52, 54. A plunger 66 on the wall arm 54 cooperates with a closure seal 61 on the flap arm 52 to seal the internal space 72. The elastic properties of the seal 50 allow the arms 52, 54 to accommodate deformations of the gap 42 created by the sidewall 16.

[0037] In some embodiments, the plunger seal 50 or portions thereof may be made as a flexible member, i.e., a flexible element designed to be compliant in certain degrees of freedom. The plunger 66 rides on flexures (i.e., arms 52, 54) that limit the movement of the plunger 66 to certain degrees of freedom. The deflection of the arms 52, 54 also provides the actuating force to drive the plunger 66. By shaping, relating, and defining their degrees of freedom, the flexure of the arms 52, 54 causes the plunger 66 to move in a predictable manner. That is, the components of the plunger seal 50 move and relate to each other through bending and torsional strains within each respective component. In this way, these components are flexure-related, and contrary to sliding motion, it is the flexure joints that constrain the movement of the components.

[0038] As Figures 5-14 shown, the plunger seal 50 prevents or controls the discharge of core air through the gap 42 to the environment. The plunger seal 50 is self-sealing, and it prevents or controls the discharge of core air into the internal space 72 within the plunger seal 50. The plunger seal 50 is also flexure-actuated. The plunger 66 is mounted on the wall arm 54, which is part of a series of parallel flexure arrangements (i.e., arms 52, 54) that limit the principal degrees of freedom of movement of the plunger 66 in the X direction and approximately the local Y-axis (see Figure 4 ). The flap arm 52 includes a first flexure stage and includes at least two parallel plates 51, 55 spanning between the base plate 76 and the bracket 74. Similarly, the wall arm 54 includes a second flexure stage that includes at least two parallel plates 53, 57 spanning between the subplate 78 and the bracket 74. The base plate 76, the subplate 78, and the bracket 74 have sufficient rigidity to prevent unwanted movement caused by unwanted loads generated by the flap 14 and the side wall 16. In this way, the arms 52, 54 guide the movement of the plunger in the X direction while reducing or preventing the movement of the plunger 66 in the Y direction. Limiting the movement of the plunger 66 seals the internal space 72 between the wall arm 54 and the flap arm 52 and reduces binding on the plunger 66 during actuation.

[0039] In this way, when an external force is applied to the plunger seal 50, the plunger seal 50 can deform and / or move in certain degrees of freedom. The arms 52, 54 of the plunger seal 50 can be flexures that relate and limit the movement of the plunger 66 to certain degrees of freedom such that the external force applied to the plunger seal 50 is translated into a predictable displacement or movement within the plunger seal 50. The arms 52, 54 limit, relate, and define the degrees of freedom of movement of the plunger 66 to seal the gap 42. Additionally, the arms 52, 54 limit, relate, and define the degrees of freedom of movement of the plunger 66 to seal the internal space 72 within the plunger seal 50.

[0040] Turning back Figure 1, one or more sidewalls 16 further include a liner 18 mounted to the sidewalls via one or more suspension structures 20. The flap 14 may be movable relative to the sidewall 16, and the flap 14 may typically be fixed. By some means, the flap 14 may be pivotally supported at the front end 30 of the nozzle assembly 10 by a gas turbine engine 12. The flap 14 may be pivotally supported, for example, by a rotating device such as a hinge 24 that couples the flap 14 to the gas turbine engine 12.

[0041] The flap 14 and the sidewall 16 define a nozzle core 22 that restricts the core air exiting the gas turbine engine 12. The core air from the gas turbine engine 12 flows through the nozzle core 22 to generate thrust for the gas turbine engine 12. The core air flows from the front end 30 of the nozzle assembly 10 through the nozzle core 22 to the rear end 32 of the nozzle assembly 10. The rear end 32 of the nozzle assembly 10 defines a generally rectangular outlet 26 for discharging the core air from the nozzle assembly 10 into the surrounding environment. In some methods, the flap 14 is movable to direct the flow and pressure of the core air within the nozzle core 22. For example, the flap 14 may be moved vertically to adjust the size of the outlet 26 of the nozzle assembly 10.

[0042] Steering Figure 2 , the engine core 34 of the gas turbine engine 12 is located upstream of the nozzle assembly 10 such that the core air flows from the engine core 34 into the nozzle core 22. In some embodiments, the flap 14 of the nozzle assembly 10 is actuated to change one or more cross-sectional areas of the nozzle core 22. In this way, the nozzle assembly 10 is a variable two-dimensional nozzle assembly. The flap 14 may be actuated, for example, by pivoting about the hinge 24. The nozzle core includes a first cross-sectional area 36, a second cross-sectional area 38, and a third cross-sectional area 40. The flap 14 controls the sizes of the second cross-sectional area 38 and the third cross-sectional area 40.

[0043] During operation of the gas turbine engine 12, the flap 14 creates a pressure gradient within the nozzle core 22 of the nozzle assembly 10. For example, the pressure of the core air in the nozzle core 22 decreases from the front end 30 of the nozzle core 22 to the rear end 32 of the nozzle core 22. That is, the pressure of the core air decreases from the first cross-sectional area 36 to the second cross-sectional area 38 to the third cross-sectional area 39.

[0044] Steering Figure 3 , the gap 42 between the flaps 14 may extend along the length of the flaps 14 (i.e., as Figure 1 shown, from the front end 30 to the rear end 32 of the nozzle assembly 10). The gap 42 may be continuous or interrupted at one or more locations. The size of the gap 42 may vary dynamically during operation of the nozzle assembly 10. During operation, the flaps 14 may move along Figure 3The movement in the Y direction as shown. For example, this movement of the flap 14 changes the size of the outlet 26 of the nozzle assembly 10. Additionally, during operation, the sidewall 16 can be displaced in the X direction. For example, the pressure of the core air in the nozzle core 22 can push the sidewall 16 away from the flap 14, thereby increasing the size of the gap 42. Thus, the gap 42 can be narrower when the nozzle core 22 is at atmospheric pressure compared to when the nozzle core 22 receives engine core air during the operation of the nozzle assembly 10. In addition to the movement of the sidewall 16, the lining 18 of the sidewall 16 may also deform during operation, causing the lining 18 to be displaced in one or more directions in the X and Y directions. For example, such lining deformation may occur due to changes in temperature and pressure along the nozzle core 22.

[0045] Reference Figure 4 , the gap 42 generally extends between the flap 14 and the sidewall 16. In the exemplary nozzle assembly 10, the sidewall 16 includes a lining 18 that is mounted to the sidewall 16 via a suspension structure 20. Thus, the gap 42 extends between the flap 14 and the lining 18. The flap 14 may also include a flap lining 46 at an end of the flap 14 close to the nozzle core 22. The flap lining 46 or a portion thereof may extend into the gap 42.

[0046] The nozzle assembly 10 includes a plunger seal assembly 40 located in the gap 42 between the flap 14 and the sidewall 16. The plunger seal assembly 40 bridges the gap 42 between the flap 14 and the sidewall 16 to seal the gap 42. The plunger seal assembly 40 can reduce the size of the gap 42 or eliminate the gap 42. In this way, the plunger seal assembly 40 reduces the flow of core air from the nozzle core 22 through the gap 42, which can reduce or affect the flow of core air from the nozzle core 22 to the surrounding environment around the nozzle assembly 10. In some embodiments, the plunger seal assembly 40 includes a plunger seal, such as Figures 5-14 the first plunger seal 50 and / or the second plunger seal 60 depicted in Figure 16 the plunger seal assembly 140 depicted in.

[0047] Figure 5 An exemplary plunger seal assembly 40 is shown. The plunger seal assembly 40 is elastically actuated and self-sealing. The plunger seal assembly 40 includes a first plunger seal 50 coupled to a second plunger seal 60. The first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 are shown in a fully compressed state. The proximal end of the first plunger seal 50 and the proximal end of the second plunger seal 60 are coupled to a movable flap via a closure seal 61 ( Figure 5(not shown in the figure). In some embodiments, the closure seal 61 positions the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 in the gap between the movable flap 14 and the fixed structure 16. The plungers 66, 118 of the plunger seals 50, 60 are respectively mounted in a parallel curved arrangement. The plunger seals 50, 60 or parts thereof are elastic, such that the plunger seals 50, 60 have memory. Due to this elasticity, the plunger seals 50, 60 spring back to their free state after being compressed. When in the compressed state, the plunger seals 50, 60 exert an elastic force that pushes the plunger seals 50, 60 towards their free state. To provide elasticity, the plunger seals 50, 60 can be made of one or more elastic materials.

[0048] The force exerted by the plunger seal 50 (and the plunger seal 60) is generated by the bending and / or compression of the bending members (i.e., the elastic sheets 51, 53, 55, 57). The flap arm 52 loads and seals the space between the flap arm 52 and the flap 14 at the interface between the flap 14 and the flap arm 52. Similarly, the wall arm 54 loads and seals the space between the wall arm 54 and the side wall 16 at the interface between the side wall 16 and the wall arm 54. This interface load caused by the biasing of the arms 52, 54 is the result of the material itself, the offset between the wall arm 54 and the flap arm 52, and the length and thickness of the arms 52, 54. Although the arms 52, 54 are shown as having the same length, it is also conceivable that they can have different lengths.

[0049] The biasing of the arms 52, 54 and the corresponding force output can be adjusted based on the mechanical relationship between the arms 52, 54 and the relative lengths and thicknesses of the bending members or elastic sheets 51, 53, 55, 57 including the arms 52, 54. In terms of thickness, when the arms 52, 54 are thicker, they can exert a greater force output and increase the preloading requirement (i.e., the requirement to compress the plunger seal 50). Additionally, adjusting the thickness of the parallel bending portions or elastic sheets 51, 53, 55, 57 changes the biasing and force output of the arms 52, 54. Increasing the thickness of the elastic sheets 51, 53, 55, 57 can increase the force exerted by the arms 52, 54 and can help the plunger seal 50 better resist vibration or pressure. In terms of length, when the arms 52, 54 are shorter, they can exert a greater force and increase the preloading requirement (i.e., the requirement to compress the plunger seal 50).

[0050] In some embodiments, the closure seal 61 is coupled to the movable flap, such as Figure 4 the flap 14 of the nozzle assembly 10 shown in the figure. The closure seal 61 can be coupled to the flap 14 via one or more suitable attachment mechanisms, such as by bonding, brazing, welding, nuts and bolts, rivets, etc. The closure seal 61 can be coupled to the flap 14 to position the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 inFigure 4 in the gap 42 between the flap 14 and the sidewall 16 shown. For example, the closure seal 61 can be coupled to Figure 4 the flap 14 such that the first plunger seal 50 seals the gap 42 between the flap 14 and the sidewall 16 in the nozzle assembly 10.

[0051] The closure seal 61 extends along the length of the flap 14 (i.e., from the front end to the rear end of the flap 14) and can be continuous along the length of the flap 14. In some methods, the closure seal 61 is formed of a single-piece continuous material along the length of the flap 14. In other methods, the closure seal 61 is segmented along the length of the flap 14. In Figure 5 the embodiment shown, a continuous closure seal 61 is shown.

[0052] The closure seal 61 has a geometry that defines a groove 82 in some embodiments. The closure seal 61 also includes a skirt 62 extending from the flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54 of the first plunger seal 50. The skirt 62 also extends away from the flap arm 92 and toward the wall arm 94 of the second plunger seal 60 ( Figure 5 not shown). In some embodiments, the closure seal 61 may also include a lip 64 disposed at the end of the skirt 62. The lip 64 extends along the length of the closure seal 61. The lip 64 is on the side of the skirt 62 closer to the internal space 72 and can be present anywhere along the skirt 62. As Figures 5-8 shown, the lip 64 is disposed at the terminal end of the skirt 62. The lip 64 is positioned adjacent to the plunger 66 of the first plunger seal 50 and adjacent to the plunger 118 of the second plunger seal 60 ( Figure 5 not shown).

[0053] In some embodiments, the skirt 62 is fixed and defines a passive gap restriction between the skirt 62 and the plungers 66, 118. In other embodiments, the skirt 62 is preloaded or actively bent against the plungers 66, 118. In other embodiments, the skirt 62 is articulatedly engaged with the plungers 66, 118 via, for example, a spring or a pressure load.

[0054] Turning Figure 6 to, the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 ( Figure 7 ) are in a fully compressed state. The first plunger seal 50 is coupled to the closure seal 61. The first plunger seal 50 includes a flap arm 52 and a wall arm 54. The wall arm 54 is opposite and spaced from the flap arm 52. The first plunger seal 50 defines an internal space 72 that is at least partially bounded by the flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54.

[0055] The plunger seal 50 is a linear motion device that uses the arms 52, 54 as parallel bending linkages. The plunger seal 50 includes a base plate 76, a sub-plate 78, and a bracket 74. In the flap arm 52, the bracket 74 is spaced from the base plate 76 by a first distance and is fixed to the base plate 76 by an outer elastic sheet 51 and an inner elastic sheet 55. The outer elastic sheet 51 and the inner elastic sheet 55 are curved blades that are aligned parallel to each other and pivot at their attachment points to the bracket 74. In the wall arm 54, the bracket 74 is spaced from the sub-plate 78 by a second distance and is fixed to the sub-plate 78 by an outer elastic sheet 53 and an inner elastic sheet 57. The outer elastic sheet 53 and the inner elastic sheet 57 are curved blades that are aligned parallel to each other and pivot at their attachment points to the bracket 74. The flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54 are biased outwardly away from each other to affect the linear motion of the plunger 66 fixed to the sub-plate 78 in the X direction (see Figure 4 ). The elastic force of the arms 52, 54 or the outward bias drives the plunger 66 in the X direction while minimizing or preventing the rotational movement of the plunger 66 about the Y axis. The plunger seal 50 has sufficient flexibility about the Y axis to allow the plunger 66 to twist to match the profile of the side wall 16. The flexibility of the plunger seal 50 about the Y axis can be further enhanced by forming or including cutouts in the elastic sheets 51, 53, 55, 57 (see Figure 9 and Figure 10 ).

[0056] In some embodiments, the flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54 are pre-loaded, for example, when in a compressed state as shown in Figure 6 . When pre-loaded, the elastic force pushes the flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54 outwardly away from each other. When positioned in a gap (such as the gap between a movable flap and a fixed structure), the elastic force pushes the flap arm 52 towards the movable flap and the wall arm 54 towards the fixed structure to seal the gap. In some embodiments, a first plunger seal 50 can be installed in the gap 42 of the nozzle assembly 10 in Figure 4 . When installed in the gap 42, the first plunger seal 50 applies a force to push the flap arm 52 towards the flap 14 and the wall arm 54 towards the side wall 16 to seal the gap 42. The force can be an elastic force that causes the flap arm 52 to be away from the wall arm 54.

[0057] The flap arm 52 includes an outer elastic sheet 51 and an inner elastic sheet 55. The inner elastic sheet 55 is opposite to and spaced apart from the outer elastic sheet 51. The outer elastic sheet 51 and the inner elastic sheet 55 together include a parallel bending arrangement. The outer elastic sheet 51 may be an elongated sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The inner elastic sheet 55 may also be an elongated sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The outer elastic sheet 51 and the inner elastic sheet 55 may be of substantially the same shape; however, it is also conceivable that the outer elastic sheet 51 and the inner elastic sheet 55 may be of different shapes. In some embodiments, the outer elastic sheet 51 may be generally parallel to the inner elastic sheet 55. The base plate 76 may extend between the outer elastic sheet 51 and the inner elastic sheet 55 at the proximal portion 68 of the flap arm 52.

[0058] The closure seal 61 is coupled to the flap arm 52, particularly to the proximal portion 68 of the flap arm 52. In some forms, the closure seal 61 is coupled to the base plate 76. In some embodiments, the closure seal 61 is integral with the first plunger seal 50. That is, the first plunger seal 50 and the closure seal 61 may be made of a single piece of integral material. By integral here is meant an integral structure in which each layer of material loses its identity and there is no interface or joint due to the fusion or melting of the material of each layer with the material of the adjacent layer. Thus, the closure seal 61 may be integral with the base plate 76. It is also conceivable that the closure seal 61 may be coupled to the flap arm 52 and / or the base plate 76 via one or more suitable attachment mechanisms (such as by bonding, brazing, welding, nuts and bolts, rivets, etc.).

[0059] The wall arm 54 includes an outer elastic sheet 53 and an inner elastic sheet 57. The inner elastic sheet 57 is opposite to and spaced apart from the outer elastic sheet 53. The outer elastic sheet 53 and the inner elastic sheet 57 together include a parallel bending arrangement. The outer elastic sheet 53 may be an elongated sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The inner elastic sheet 57 may also be an elongated sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The outer elastic sheet 53 and the inner elastic sheet 57 may be of substantially the same shape; however, it is also conceivable that the outer elastic sheet 53 and the inner elastic sheet 57 may be of different shapes. In some embodiments, the outer elastic sheet 53 is generally parallel to the inner elastic sheet 57. The subplate 78 extends between the outer elastic sheet 53 and the inner elastic sheet 57 at the proximal portion 70 of the wall arm 54.

[0060] The plunger 66 is coupled to the wall arm 54, particularly to the proximal portion 70 of the wall arm 54. In some forms, the plunger 66 is connected to the subplate 78. In some embodiments, the plunger 66 is integral with the first plunger seal 50. That is, the first plunger seal 50 and the plunger 66 may be made of a single piece of integral material. Thus, the plunger 66 may be integral with the wall arm 54. It is also contemplated that the plunger 66 may be coupled to the wall arm 54 and / or the subplate 78 via one or more suitable attachment mechanisms (such as by bonding, brazing, welding, nuts and bolts, rivets, etc.).

[0061] The plunger 66 has a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the groove 82 of the closure seal 61. As used herein, corresponding geometries include geometries, profiles, forms, structures, configurations, or shapes that are partially or completely consistent with each other. In this way, the closure seal 61 receives the plunger 66 in a mating manner to seal the internal space 72 of the first plunger seal 50. The secondary seal created by the skirt 62 allows the unique ability to relieve core pressure so that it does not affect the load force of the plunger 66. Additionally, when the skirt 62 nominally has a clearance from the plunger 66, the skirt 62 provides a frictionless configuration with relatively low leakage while eliminating the friction risk of binding. The plunger 66 and the closure seal 61 may be of various shapes, for example, tailored for more favorable wear, pressure, or load. In some embodiments, the plunger has a nose 81 and a tail 80. The nose 81 of the plunger 66 projects from the outward-facing side of the plunger 66. When installed in the clearance 42, the nose 81 is positioned adjacent to the sidewall 16.

[0062] The tail 80 of the plunger 66 corresponds to the groove 82 in the closure seal 61. When in the compressed state, the tail 80 is received in the groove 82 in the closure seal 61. The tail 80 is wedge-shaped to help guide the plunger 66 in and out of the groove 82 and to allow the closure seal 61 to taper to support the flexure or spring tab 55. The tail 80 projects from the plunger 66 into the closure seal 61 and projects beyond the wall arm 54. By projecting into the closure seal 61, the tail 80 can increase the travel distance of the plunger 66. That is, the tail 80 can allow the plunger 66 to move a greater distance away from and / or towards the closure seal 61 to accommodate dimensional changes in the clearance in which the first plunger seal 50 is disposed. Including the tail 80 projecting from the plunger 66 can also help reduce the thickness of the first plunger seal 50.

[0063] Although in Figures 5-12In [the figure], the groove 82 is shown in the closing seal 61 and the tail 80 is shown on the plunger 66. However, it is also conceivable that in other embodiments, the groove 82 may be provided on the plunger 66 and the tail 80 may be provided on the closing seal 61. In some forms, the plunger 66 projects beyond the skirt 62 of the closing seal 61 on the side of the plunger opposite the tail 80. The plunger 66 also projects beyond the wall arm 54 on the side of the plunger opposite the tail 80. In this way, when the first plunger seal 50 is installed in the gap (e.g., Figure 4 the gap 42 in the nozzle assembly 10 in [the figure]), the plunger 66, rather than the skirt 62 or the wall arm 54, contacts the fixed structure to seal the gap 42.

[0064] The resilient tabs 51, 53, 55, 57 resist deformation in the side wall 16. The resilient tabs 51, 53, 55, 57 can also limit the operation of the plunger 66 generally in the same horizontal plane as the closing seal 61. In operation, when the side wall 16 deforms, the resilient tabs 51, 53, 55, 57 bend or distort while still limiting the operation of the plunger 66 generally in the same horizontal plane as the closing seal 61. In this way, the plunger 66 can move mainly horizontally in and out of the closing seal 61 to seal the internal space 72 of the plunger seal assembly 40.

[0065] In some embodiments, it is contemplated that one or more portions of the closing seal 61, such as the lip 64, engage the plunger 66 at the contact edge or contact surface. In other embodiments, the closing seal 61 and the plunger 66 do not directly contact but are metered or closely spaced apart. In this way, the closing seal 61 and the plunger 66 can create a metering gap that prevents air from flowing around the closing seal 61 and the plunger 66 and entering the internal space 72. In some methods, the metering gap can be between about 1 mil and 10 mils, between about 1 mil and 5 mils, and in some aspects, between about 1 mil and 3 mils. As opposed to direct contact, the configuration using the metering gap can reduce the friction between the closing seal 61 and the plunger 66 and can also reduce the risk of the closing seal 61 and the plunger 66 binding to each other.

[0066] The distal portion 56 of the flap arm 52 is coupled to the distal portion 58 of the wall arm 54. The bracket 74 couples the distal portion 56 of the flap arm 52 to the distal portion 58 of the wall arm 54. In some embodiments, the flap arm 52, the wall arm 54, and / or the bracket 74 are formed from a single piece or monolithic material. The monolithic structure can simplify the manufacture of the first plunger seal 50, for example, by eliminating or reducing the need for riveting or welding.

[0067] Turning Figure 7, the second plunger seal 60 is also coupled to the closure seal 61 and is shown in a fully compressed state. The closure seal 61 is a continuous piece on which seals 60 and 50 are mounted. As shown in this embodiment, seal 60 is the same as seal 50, and the description of seal 50 applies to seal 60 unless otherwise noted. The second plunger seal 60 includes a flap arm 92 and a wall arm 94. The wall arm 94 is positioned opposite and spaced from the flap arm 92. The plunger seal 60 defines an internal space 72. The internal space 72 is at least partially defined by the flap arm 92 and the wall arm 94.

[0068] The plunger seal 60 is a linear motion device that uses arms 92 and 94 as parallel flexure linkages. The plunger seal 60 includes a base plate 104, a subplate 114, and a bracket 116. In the flap arm 92, the bracket 116 is spaced a first distance from the base plate 104 and is fixed to the base plate 104 by an outer elastomeric tab 100 and an inner elastomeric tab 102. The outer elastomeric tab 110 and the inner elastomeric tab 112 are flexure blades that are aligned parallel to each other and pivot at their attachment points to the bracket 116. In the wall arm 94, the bracket 116 is spaced a second distance from the subplate 114 by the outer elastomeric tab 110 and the inner elastomeric tab 112 and is fixed to the subplate 114. The outer elastomeric tab 110 and the inner elastomeric tab 112 are flexure blades that are aligned parallel to each other and pivot at their attachment points to the bracket 116. The flap arm 92 and the wall arm 94 are biased outwardly away from each other to affect the linear motion of the plunger 118 fixed to the subplate 114 in the X direction (see Figure 4 ). The elastic force or outward bias of arms 92 and 94 drives the plunger 118 in the X direction while minimizing or preventing rotational motion of the plunger 118 about the Y axis. The plunger seal 60 has sufficient flexibility about the Y axis to allow the plunger 118 to twist to match the profile of the sidewall 16. The flexibility of the plunger seal 60 about the Y axis can be further enhanced by forming or including cuts in tabs 100, 102, 100, 110 <see Figure 9 and Figure 10 ).

[0069] In some embodiments, the flap arm 92 and the wall arm 94 are preloaded, for example, when in the compressed state as shown in Figure 7 . When preloaded, the elastic force pushes the flap arm 92 and the wall arm 94 outwardly away from each other. When positioned in a gap (such as the gap between a movable flap and a fixed structure), the elastic force pushes the flap arm 92 toward the movable flap and the wall arm 94 toward the fixed structure to seal the gap. In some embodiments, the second plunger seal 60 can be mounted in Figure 4into the gap 42 of the nozzle assembly 10. When installed in the gap 42, the second plunger seal 60 applies a force to push the flap arm 92 against the flap 14 and the wall arm 94 against the side wall 16 to seal the gap 42. This elastic force biases the flap arm 92 away from the wall arm 94.

[0070] The flap arm 92 includes an outer elastic sheet 100 and an inner elastic sheet 102. The inner elastic sheet 102 is opposite to and spaced apart from the outer elastic sheet 100. The outer elastic sheet 100 may be an elongate sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The outer elastic sheet 100 and the inner elastic sheet 102 together include a parallel bending arrangement. The inner elastic sheet 102 may also be an elongate sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The outer elastic sheet 100 and the inner elastic sheet 102 may be of substantially the same shape; however, it is also conceivable that the outer elastic sheet 100 and the inner elastic sheet 102 may be of different shapes. In some embodiments, the outer elastic sheet 100 is generally parallel to the inner elastic sheet 102. The base plate 104 extends between the outer elastic sheet 100 and the inner elastic sheet 102 at the proximal portion 98 of the flap arm 92.

[0071] The closure seal 61 is coupled to the flap arm 92, particularly to the proximal portion 98 of the flap arm 92. In some forms, the closure seal 61 may be coupled to the base plate 104. In some embodiments, the closure seal 61 is integral with the second plunger seal 60. That is, the second plunger seal 60 and the closure seal 61 may be formed from a single piece of integral material. Thus, the closure seal 61 may be integral with the base plate 104. It is also conceivable that the closure seal 61 may be coupled to the flap arm 92 and / or the base plate 104 by one or more suitable attachment mechanisms (such as by bonding, brazing, welding, nuts and bolts, rivets, etc.).

[0072] The wall arm 94 includes an outer elastic sheet 110 and an inner elastic sheet 112. The inner elastic sheet 112 is opposite to and spaced apart from the outer elastic sheet 110. The outer elastic sheet 110 may be an elongate sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The outer elastic sheet 110 and the inner elastic sheet 112 together include a parallel bending arrangement. The inner elastic sheet 112 may also be an elongate sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. The outer elastic sheet 110 and the inner elastic sheet 112 may be of substantially the same shape; however, it is also conceivable that the outer elastic sheet 110 and the inner elastic sheet 112 may be of different shapes. In some embodiments, the outer elastic sheet 110 is generally parallel to the inner elastic sheet 112. The sub-plate 114 extends between the outer elastic sheet 110 and the inner elastic sheet 112 at the proximal portion 108 of the wall arm 94.

[0073] The plunger 118 is coupled to the wall arm 94, particularly to the proximal portion 108 of the wall arm 94. In some forms, the plunger 118 is coupled to the subplate 114. In some embodiments, the plunger 118 is integral with the second plunger seal 60. That is, the second plunger seal 60 and the plunger 118 may be made of a single piece of integral material. Accordingly, the plunger 118 may be integral with the wall arm 94. It is also contemplated that the plunger 118 may be coupled to the wall arm 94 and / or the subplate 114 via one or more suitable attachment mechanisms (such as by bonding, brazing, welding, nuts and bolts, rivets, etc.).

[0074] The plunger 118 has a geometry that is generally complementary to the geometry of the closure seal 61. In this manner, the closure seal 61 receives the plunger 118 in a mating fashion to seal the internal space 72. The plunger 118 and the closure seal 61 may assume various shapes, e.g., tailored for more favorable wear, pressure, or load. In some embodiments, the plunger has a nose 121 and a tail 120. The nose 121 of the plunger 118 projects from the outward-facing side of the plunger 118. When installed in the gap 42, the nose 121 is positioned adjacent to the sidewall 16.

[0075] The tail 120 of the plunger 118 corresponds to the groove 82 in the closure seal 61. When in the compressed state, the tail 120 is received in the groove 82 in the closure seal 61. The tail 120 projects from the plunger 118 towards the closure seal 61 and projects beyond the wall arm 94. By projecting into the closure seal 61, the tail 120 can increase the travel distance of the plunger 118. That is, the tail 120 can allow the plunger 118 to move a greater distance away from and / or towards the closure seal 61 to accommodate dimensional changes in the gap in which the second plunger seal 60 is disposed.

[0076] In operation, the closure seal 61 receives the plungers 66, 118. In this manner, the seals 50, 60 seal the gap 42 and the internal space 72 within the seals 50, 60. By sealing the internal space 72, the closure seal 61 and the plungers 66, 118 protect the resilient sheets 51, 53, 55, 57 from exposure to core pressure loads.

[0077] Although in Figures 5-12The middle groove 82 is shown in the closure seal 61 and the tail 120 is shown on the plunger 118. However, it is also contemplated that in other embodiments, the groove 82 can be provided on the plunger 118 and the tail 120 can be provided on the closure seal 61. In some forms, the plunger 118 projects beyond the skirt 62 of the closure seal 61 on the side of the plunger opposite the tail 120. The plunger 118 can also project beyond the wall arm 94 on the side of the plunger opposite the tail 120. In this way, when the plunger 118 in the second plunger seal 60 is installed in the gap (e.g., Figure 4 the gap 42 in the nozzle assembly 10 in

[0078] The resilient sheets 100, 102, 110, 112 resist deformation in the side walls 16. The resilient sheets 100, 102, 110, 112 can also limit the operation of the plunger 118 generally in the same horizontal plane as the closure seal 61. In operation, when the side walls 16 deform, the resilient sheets 100, 102, 110, 112 bend while the plunger 118 remains generally in the same plane as the closure seal 61. In this way, the plunger 118 moves in and out of the closure seal 61 generally horizontally to seal the internal space 72 of the plunger seal assembly 40.

[0079] In some embodiments, it is contemplated that one or more portions of the closure seal 61, such as the lip 64, engage the plunger 118 at the contact edge or contact surface. In other embodiments, the closure seal 61 and the plunger 118 do not contact directly but are metered or closely spaced. In this way, the closure seal 61 and the plunger 118 create a metering gap that prevents air from flowing around the closure seal 61 and the plunger 118 and entering the internal space 72. In some methods, the metering gap can be between about 1 mil and 10 mils, between about 1 mil and 5 mils, and in some respects, between about 1 mil and 3 mils. In contrast to direct contact, the configuration using the metering gap can reduce the friction between the closure seal 61 and the plunger 118 and can also reduce the risk of the closure seal 61 binding to the plunger 118.

[0080] The distal portion 96 of the flap arm 92 is coupled to the distal portion 106 of the wall arm 94. In some embodiments, the bracket 116 couples the distal portion 96 of the flap arm 92 to the distal portion 106 of the wall arm 94. In some forms, when the second plunger seal 60 is in a fully compressed state, such as as Figure 7As shown, the flap arm 92 can be positioned at an angle of approximately 75 degrees to approximately 90 degrees relative to the bracket 116. Similarly, in some forms, when the second plunger seal 60 is in a fully compressed state, the wall arm 94 can be positioned at an angle of approximately 75 degrees to approximately 90 degrees relative to the bracket 116. The flap arm 92 and the wall arm 94 can form a hairpin shape. In some embodiments, the flap arm 92, the wall arm 94, and / or the bracket 116 are made of a single piece or a single sheet of material. The integral structure can simplify the manufacture of the second plunger seal 60, for example, by eliminating or reducing the need for riveting or welding.

[0081] When installed in the gap 42, the flap arm 52 of the first plunger seal 50 is positioned adjacent to the flap 14 (e.g., the movable flap), and the wall arm 54 is positioned adjacent to the side wall 16 (e.g., the fixed structure). However, in some embodiments, the orientations of the flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54 can be reversed. Additionally, when installed in the gap 42, the flap arm 92 of the second plunger seal 60 is positioned adjacent to the flap 14 (e.g., the movable flap), and the wall arm 94 is positioned adjacent to the side wall 16 (e.g., the fixed structure). However, in some embodiments, the orientations of the flap arm 92 and the wall arm 94 can be reversed.

[0082] Reference Figure 8 , the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 are in a fully compressed state. Regarding the first plunger seal 50, the wall arm 54 is an elongated sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. Although not shown in Figure 8 , the flap arm 52 can have a shape generally the same as that of the wall arm 54. However, it is also conceivable that when viewed from the side, the flap arm 52 and the wall arm 54 can have different shapes or different widths 71. The lip 64 of the closure seal 61 extends beneath the plunger 66 of the first plunger seal 50. The widths 71 of the wall arm 54 and the flap arm 52 ( Figure 8 not shown in the figure) can vary according to the required amount of undulation to accommodate changes in the profile of the sealing surface.

[0083] For example, in applications where the sealing surface undergoes less undulation, the first plunger seal 50 can have a wider width 71. In applications where the sealing surface undergoes more undulation, the first plunger seal 50 can have a narrower width 71. Similarly, in applications where the side wall 16 or other sealing surfaces have a large curvature, such as due to deformation from thermal or pressure ripples, a narrower plunger seal 50 can reduce the amount of leakage through the gap 42.

[0084] Regarding the second plunger seal 60, the wall arm 94 is an elongated sheet, and in some embodiments, it is generally rectangular in shape. Although not shown in Figure 8is shown, but the flap arm 92 can have a shape that is substantially the same as the wall arm 94. However, it is also conceivable that the flap arm 92 and the wall arm 94 can have different shapes or different widths 73 when viewed from the side. The lip 64 of the closure seal 61 extends below the plunger 118 of the second plunger seal 60. The widths 73 ( Figure 8 not shown in) of the wall arm 94 and the flap arm 92 can vary according to the desired amount of undulation to accommodate changes in the profile of the sealing surface.

[0085] In structures with more deformation or gap size changes, more seals 50, 60 with shorter widths 71, 73 can be employed. Using more seals 50, 60 with shorter widths 71, 73 can cause the wall arms 54, 94 of the seals 50, 60 to more closely conform to changes in the profile or shape of the structure and the gap. Structures with less deformation or gap size changes can employ fewer seals 50, 60 with longer widths 71, 73.

[0086] The first plunger seal 50 is coupled to the second plunger seal 60 via a lap joint 135. More specifically, the plunger 66 of the first plunger seal 50 is coupled to the plunger 118 of the second plunger seal 60 via the lap joint 135. When configured in this way, the plungers 66 and 118 are coplanar, such that each plunger 66, 118 can horizontally move into and out of the closure seal 61 independently of each other. In some methods, the lap joint 135 can be a lap joint. At the lap joint 135, an extension 132 from the plunger 66 is received by a notch 130 in the plunger 118. The plunger 66 of the first plunger seal 50 also includes a notch 84 and the plunger 118 of the second plunger seal 60 also includes an extension 132. In this way, additional plunger seals can be coupled to either end of the seal assembly 40. It is conceivable that the lap joint 135 seals the internal space 72 ( Figure 8 not shown in, see Figures 5-7 ). Although a lap joint is depicted in Figure 8 , any suitable joint, such as a finger joint, butt joint, or lap joint, can be used to mate the plunger of one plunger seal with another plunger seal. Although only two seals 50, 60 are coupled together in Figure 8 , it is conceivable that any number of such seals can be coupled together along the closure seal 61.

[0087] Although only two plunger seals are depicted in Figure 8 , it is conceivable that multiple plunger seals can be along a movable flap (e.g., Figure 1The lengths (i.e., from the front end to the rear end) of the flaps 14 in the nozzle assembly 10 are joined together. One or more plunger seals can be joined directly together or can be positioned adjacent to each other along the length of the flap 14. In some methods, plunger seals having a narrower width can be employed to allow multiple plunger seals to more closely conform to the shape of the structure against which the plunger seals bear. In some embodiments, when more than one plunger seal is joined to the closure seal 61, the plunger seals are positioned such that the plungers are in a coplanar arrangement.

[0088] Steering Figure 9 , a plunger seal 50' is shown, where the wall arm 54' is a formed sheet. Although not shown in Figure 9 , the corresponding flap arm 52' can be substantially the same shape as the wall arm 54'. In this embodiment, the wall arm 54' is in an hourglass shape. The distal portion 58' and the proximal portion 70' are wider than the middle portion 53' of the wall arm 54'. Due to the different shapes, Figure 8 and 9 the arms 54, 54' in are bent differently. The shape of the sheet affects the flexibility of the arm. Figure 9 The formed wall arm 54' in, for example, is more flexible and twists more freely than the wall arm 54 in Figure 8 .

[0089] Steering Figure 10 , a plunger seal 50'' is shown, where the wall arm 54'' includes a notch or cutout 77''. Due to the different shapes, Figure 8 and 10 the arms 54, 54'' in are bent differently. The inclusion of one or more cutouts 77'' causes the arm 54'' in Figure 10 to be more flexible than the arm 54 in Figure 8 and increases its degree of freedom of movement as a bend. Upon compression, the cutout 77'' also changes the stress and reduces the force exerted by the arm 54'' compared to the arm 54.

[0090] Figure 11 An exemplary installation of a series of plunger seals 50, 60 is shown. A series of seals 50, 60 are installed in Figure 1On the flap 14 of the nozzle assembly 10 shown. The seals 50, 60 butt or are precisely spaced along the edge of the flap 14. It is also contemplated that the seals can be interconnected using a lap joint or other labyrinth features. Such lap joints or labyrinth features can be used to prevent core air from bypassing the seals 50, 60. As shown, a series of seals are linearly mounted along the edge of the flap 14. No seals 50, 60 are mounted at the curved elbow of the flap 14. In some embodiments, two separate series of seals 50, 60 can be connected at the curved elbow of the flap 14 by a separate transition seal. Such a transition seal can be a labyrinth seal or an intermediate seal to transition one series of linearly mounted seals 50, 60 to another series of linearly mounted seals 50, 60.

[0091] In Figures 5-11 it, the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 are shown to move in conjunction with each other. That is, the plunger 66 and the wall arm 54 of the first plunger seal 50 and the plunger 118 and the wall arm 94 of the plunger seal 60 are aligned in Figures 5-11 it. However, it is contemplated that the plunger 66 and the wall arm 54 of the first plunger seal 50 and the plunger 118 and the wall arm 94 of the second plunger seal 60 can move independently of each other. For example, if an external force is applied to only one of the plungers 66 and 118, only the plunger subjected to the external force will move towards the closing seal 61. Thus, one of the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 can be compressed to a greater extent than the other. In this way, each plunger seal 50, 60 can respond and react to external forces independently of each other. When multiple plunger seals as described herein are positioned in a gap, the plunger seals can accommodate dimensional changes in the gap. For example, when positioned in the gap 42 between the flap 14 and the side wall 16, the plunger seals can accommodate dimensional differences in the gap 42 along the length of the flap 14.

[0092] As described above, Figures 5-8The plunger seal assembly 40 is shown, where the first plunger seal 50 is in a fully compressed state. The first plunger seal 50 can be in a fully compressed state, for example, when the plunger seal assembly 40 is positioned in a gap (such as gap 42) between a movable flap (such as flap 14) and a fixed structure (such as sidewall 16). For example, sidewall 16). For example, when positioned in such a gap 42, when the sidewall 16 or a portion thereof moves towards the flap 14, thereby reducing the size of the gap 42 between the flap 14 and the sidewall 16, such a fully compressed state can be achieved. Reducing the size of the gap 42 compresses the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60. When in the fully compressed state, the tail 80 of the plunger 66 contacts or is fully received in the groove 82 of the closure seal 61. Similarly, the tail 120 of the plunger 118 on the second plunger seal 60 contacts or is fully received in the groove 82 of the closure seal 61. As Figure 12 shown, the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 are in a further expanded state. Although further expanded, the first plunger seal 50 and the plunger seal 60 are still under compression relative to the free state. The skirt 62 of the closure seal 61 and the plungers 66, 118 still overlap and prevent core air from bypassing into the internal space 72. It is contemplated that in some methods, when the plunger seals 50, 60 are in their free state, the skirt 62 and the plungers 66, 118 can overlap. For example, when the plunger seals 50, 60 include an actuating mechanism 79 (see Figure 15 ), the actuating mechanism 79 drives the actuation of the plungers 66, 118.

[0093] The plunger seal assembly 40 can be in a further expanded state as Figure 10 shown, for example, when the plunger seal assembly 40 is positioned in a gap (such as gap 42) between a movable flap (such as flap 14) and a fixed structure (such as sidewall 16). For example, when positioned in the gap 42, the sidewall 16 or a portion thereof can move away from the flap 14, thereby increasing the size of the gap 42 between the flap 14 and the sidewall 16. Increasing the size of the gap 42 decompresses the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 ( Figure 10 not shown in the figure). In this state, the sidewall 16 will contact the wall arm 54. In some embodiments, when the first plunger seal 50 is in a further expanded state, the plunger 66 of the wall arm 54 contacts the sidewall 16.

[0094] In some methods, the dimensions of the plunger seal assembly 40 can be designed such that when the first plunger seal 50 is in a further expanded state, the overlap between the closure seal 61 and the plunger 66 is maintained. That is, the dimensions of the plunger seal assembly 40 can be designed such that at the maximum gap dimension, the tail 80 does not extend beyond the skirt 62 and / or the lip 64 of the closure seal 61. In this way, when the first plunger seal 50 is further expanded, the plunger 66 and the closure seal 61 can seal the internal space 72.

[0095] Reference Figure 13 and Figure 14 , the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 are twisted in a further expanded state. For example, the wall arm 54 can twist to accommodate the deformation of a fixed structure (e.g., the side wall 16) adjacent to the wall arm 54. The deformation in the side wall 16 affects the dimension of the gap 42 and, in some cases, subjects the plunger 66 and the plunger 118 to torsion. When subjected to torsion, the wall arm 54 twists to press the plunger 66 against the side wall 16. By pressing the plunger 66 against the side wall 16, the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60 automatically seal the gap 42. As shown, the wall arm 54 twists in response to the deformation in the side wall 16. The first plunger seal 50 twists to move the outer portion 80a of the tail 80 of the plunger 66 towards the closure seal 61 and move the inner portion 80b of the tail 80 of the plunger 66 away from the closure seal 61. As the plunger moves, the wall arm 54 and the flap arm 52 twist around the closure seal 61 fixed to the flap 14. The depth of the groove 82 in the closure seal 61 allows the plunger to move and accommodate the torsion while maintaining the seal.

[0096] In addition, when the first plunger seal 50 is twisted by an external force, the elastic sheets (i.e., the outer elastic sheet 51, the inner elastic sheet 55, the outer elastic sheet 53, and the inner elastic sheet 57) mainly keep the plunger (e.g., the plunger 66) in the same plane. In this way, when an external force such as a torsional force is applied to the first plunger seal assembly 50, the elastic sheets (i.e., the outer elastic sheet 51, the inner elastic sheet 55, the outer elastic sheet 53, and the inner elastic sheet 57) contribute to sealing the internal space 72. The external force can be applied to the first plunger seal 50, for example, via the deformation or movement of the side wall 16 adjacent to the first plunger seal 50. The inclusion of the elastic sheets can also maintain the plunger spacing and prevent the plunger 66 of the first plunger seal 50 from bonding or sticking to the plungers of adjacent plunger seals.

[0097] When a pressure or torsional force is applied to the plunger 66, the elastic sheets 51, 53, 55, 57 prevent or reduce rotation and generally maintain the linear movement of the plunger in the X direction (see Figure 4)。Adjusting the relative taper and thickness of the resilient tabs 51, 53, 55, 57 can increase or decrease the biasing of the arms 52, 54 against rotation. The resilient tabs 51, 53, 55, 57 restrict the plunger 66 to a path of motion defined at least in part by the relationship between the arms 52, 54 (defined by the base plate 76, sub-plate 78, and bracket 74). This bending relationship defines the path of motion of the plunger 66 relative to the base plate 76. Adjusting the position of the resilient tabs 51, 53, 55, 57 relative to each other changes the path of motion of the plunger 66. By defining the path of motion of the plunger 66, the resilient tabs 51, 53, 55, 57 of the arms 52, 54 maintain the seal between the closure seal 61 and the plunger 66 when the plunger 66 is subjected to pressure or an external force.

[0098] In some embodiments, the plunger seal assembly described herein may be equipped with integral cooling and / or heating. Such integral cooling and / or heating can assist in maintaining isothermal operation of the seal assembly or thermally conditioning the seal assembly. In some methods, the plunger seals (e.g., the first plunger seal 50 and the second plunger seal 60) may include one or more resilient tabs that are hollow or include channels therein to accommodate fluid flow. For example, one or more of the outer resilient tab 51, inner resilient tab 55, outer resilient tab 53, and inner resilient tab 57 of the first plunger seal 50 may include an air chamber. Similarly, in another example, one or more of the resilient tabs 100, 102, 110, and 112 of the second plunger seal 60 may include an air chamber.

[0099] Turning Figure 15 , an alternative embodiment of the plunger seal 50a includes an actuating mechanism 79a. For example, the actuating mechanism 79a can be a spring or a plunger assembly. The actuating mechanism 79a generates a force to drive the flap arms 52a and the wall arms 54a away from each other. In this embodiment, the arms 52a, 54a are not biased outwardly via an elastic force but are driven away from each other by the actuating mechanism 79a. In this way, the arms 52a, 54a are not pre-loaded when compressed, but rather when the seal 50a is in its free state, the arms 52a, 54a are straight and adjacent to each other.

[0100] Reference Figure 16, According to some embodiments, the exemplary plunger seal assembly 140 is equipped with an integral fluid flow for thermal management. The integral fluid flow can provide heating and / or cooling for the plunger seal assembly 140. In some embodiments, the fluid flow in the plunger seal assembly 140 is supplied from and / or returned to the aircraft. It is contemplated that the integral fluid flow can be supplied and / or returned via one or more passages, channels, tubes, grooves, and shaped orifices in the plunger seal assembly 140 or portions thereof. In addition to thermal management, the fluid flow can be used to protect, purify, shield, or buffer the plunger seal assembly 140 from the ambient or core airflow surrounding the plunger seal assembly 140. For example, the fluid flow can be directed to provide a film seal (e.g., a fluid flow film to provide a boundary layer) or a purge flow to protect the plunger seal assembly 140. In this way, the fluid flow can be used to protect the plunger seal assembly 140 or portions thereof, or enhance nozzle performance.

[0101] The plunger seal assembly 140 is mounted in the gap between the movable flap 156 and the fixed structure 160. In some embodiments, the movable flap 156 is a flap of a gas turbine engine nozzle assembly, such as the flap 14 of the nozzle assembly 10 depicted in Figures 1-4 . The plunger seal assembly 140 includes a closure seal 154 and a plunger seal 145.

[0102] The closure seal 154 has a geometry complementary to the shape of the plunger 166 on the plunger seal 145. The closure seal 154 can be mounted to the movable flap 156, for example, via nuts and bolts, rivets, welding, or bonding. The movable flap 156 includes a passage 158 through which a fluid, such as air or other gas, can flow. In some embodiments, the closure seal 154 is integral with the movable flap 156. The closure seal 154 includes an internal cavity 155. The internal cavity 155 of the closure seal 154 is in fluid communication with the passage 158 of the movable flap 156. In this way, the closure seal 154 can receive a fluid flow, such as a cooling and / or heating fluid, from the passage 158. The closure seal 154 also includes an outlet opening 159. The outlet opening 159 is in fluid communication with the internal cavity 155 and the environment surrounding the plunger seal assembly 140.

[0103] In some embodiments, when the plunger seal assembly 140 is installed in a gap within a gas turbine engine nozzle assembly (e.g., Figure 4When in the gap 42) of the nozzle assembly 10 shown, the outlet opening 159 guides the fluid flow out of the inner cavity 155, past the closure seal 154, and into the nozzle core. Thus, the outlet opening 159 is in fluid communication with the core air within the nozzle assembly. Although the core air is pressurized, the cooling and / or heating fluid flow exiting the outlet opening 159 can prevent the core air from flowing back into the inner cavity 155 of the closure seal 154. Additionally, the fluid flow exiting the outlet opening 159 can form a film seal beneath the plunger 166. Such a film seal beneath the plunger 166 can help prevent core air from flowing from the nozzle core into the internal space 168 with the plunger seal.

[0104] The plunger seal 145 includes a flap arm 142 and a wall arm 144. The distal portion 146 of the flap arm 142 is coupled to the distal portion 150 of the wall arm 144. The proximal portion 148 of the flap arm 142 is coupled to the closure seal 154. The proximal portion 152 of the wall arm 144 is coupled to the plunger 166. According to Figures 5-11 the described plunger seal, the plunger 166 and the closure seal 154 have corresponding geometries.

[0105] The flap arm 142 includes an outer elastic sheet 141 and an inner elastic sheet 143. A first air chamber 161 is disposed within the flap arm 142. The first air chamber 161 can be disposed within one or more of the outer elastic sheet 141 and the inner elastic sheet 143. The wall arm 144 includes an outer elastic sheet 147 and an inner elastic sheet 149. A second air chamber 162 is disposed within the wall arm 144. The second air chamber 162 can be disposed within one or more of the outer elastic sheet 147 and the inner elastic sheet 149.

[0106] The first air chamber 161 is in fluid communication with the inner cavity 155 of the closure seal 154. The first air chamber 161 is also in fluid communication with the second air chamber 162. In this way, heating and / or cooling fluid (e.g., air) can flow from the inner cavity 155 of the closure seal 154 through the first air chamber 161 and into the second air chamber 162. In some embodiments, the second air chamber 162 is also in fluid communication with an outlet opening 164 provided on the plunger 166. The outlet opening 164 is in fluid communication with the environment surrounding the plunger seal assembly 140. In this way, the cooling and / or heating fluid flow can exit the second air chamber 162 through the second outlet opening 164. By including the second air chamber 162 and the outlet opening 164 in the plunger 166, heating and / or cooling air can reach a portion of the plunger seal that might otherwise be difficult to reach.

[0107] In some embodiments, when the plunger seal assembly 140 is installed in a clearance such as clearance 42 of the nozzle assembly 10, the outlet opening 159 directs fluid from the inner cavity 155 to flow out of the enclosed seal 154 and into the nozzle core. Thus, the outlet opening 164 is in fluid communication with the core air within the nozzle assembly 10. Although the core air is pressurized, the cooling and / or heating fluid flow from the outlet opening 164 can prevent the core air from flowing back into the second air chamber 162. Additionally, the fluid flow out of the outlet opening 164 can form a film seal under the plunger 166. Such a film seal under the plunger 166 can help prevent the core air from flowing from the nozzle core into the inner space 168 of the plunger seal 145.

[0108] It is contemplated that in some embodiments, the integrally cooled plunger seal assembly 140 is installed in the nozzle flap of a gas turbine engine. In such an installation, heated and / or cooled air can be supplied via the upstream fan of the gas turbine engine through the passage 158 in the movable flap 156. Without wishing to be bound by theory, using the gas turbine engine fan to supply heated and / or cooled air can help maintain isothermal operation or thermally condition the plunger seal assembly 140.

[0109] The plunger seal assemblies described herein (e.g., plunger seal assembly 40, plunger seal assembly 140) can be made of any suitable metal or ceramic material. The material for the plunger seal assembly can be selected to withstand the temperature of the hot engine core air that may come into contact with the plunger seal assembly, such as when the plunger seal assembly is used in a gas turbine engine nozzle assembly ( Figure 1 the nozzle assembly 10 depicted). It is also contemplated that in some embodiments, when the plunger seal assembly is used in a high-temperature environment (such as a gas turbine engine nozzle assembly), the plunger seal assembly or portions thereof (e.g., outer or core-exposed surfaces) may not include viscoelastic materials such as rubber or polymers because these materials may not be able to withstand high temperatures. The plunger seal assembly or portions thereof can also include a coating to enhance friction, heat, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, or other sealing or durability properties.

[0110] A further aspect of the invention is provided by the subject matter of the following clauses:

[0111] A sealing device, comprising: a first seal having a first proximal portion and a first distal portion; a second seal having a second proximal portion and a second distal portion, the second distal portion being coupled to the first distal portion, and the second seal being opposed to the first seal and defining an internal space therebetween; a closure seal attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal; and a plunger attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, and the plunger having a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the closure seal, wherein the plunger is received in a mating manner by the closure seal to seal the internal space, and the first seal is offset from the second seal.

[0112] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the first seal includes a first elastic sheet, a second elastic sheet parallel to the first elastic sheet, and a substrate that extends between the first elastic sheet and the second elastic sheet at the first proximal portion of the first seal, and the closure seal is attached to the substrate.

[0113] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the second seal includes a third elastic sheet, a fourth elastic sheet parallel to the third elastic sheet, and a sub-board that extends between the third elastic sheet and the fourth elastic sheet at the second proximal portion of the second seal, and the plunger is attached to the sub-board.

[0114] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the first seal and the second seal are flexibly associated by the first elastic sheet, the second elastic sheet, the third elastic sheet, and the fourth elastic sheet such that the plunger has a predetermined motion.

[0115] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the first seal and the second seal are a single-piece material.

[0116] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the closure seal defines a groove for receiving the plunger.

[0117] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the plunger includes a protrusion having a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the groove.

[0118] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the plunger is configured to move mainly linearly into and out of the groove in the closure seal.

[0119] The device according to any preceding item, wherein the closure seal is rigidly integrated into a movable flap.

[0120] According to the device described in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the closure seal includes a lip that engages the plunger when the plunger is received by the closure seal.

[0121] According to the device described in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the closure seal is operatively coupled to a second sealing device, the second sealing device including: a third seal having a third proximal portion and a third distal portion; a fourth seal having a fourth proximal portion and a fourth distal portion coupled to the third distal portion of the third seal, the fourth seal being opposite the third seal and defining a second internal space therebetween; a second plunger attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal and coupled to the first plunger via a lap joint, the second plunger having a geometry that substantially corresponds to the geometry of the closure seal; and wherein the second plunger is received complementarily by the closure seal to seal the second internal space, and the third seal is offset from the fourth seal.

[0122] A sealing assembly, comprising: a first seal having a first proximal portion and a first distal portion and defining a first air chamber; a second seal opposite the first seal, the second seal having a second proximal portion and a second distal portion coupled to the first distal portion of the first seal and defining a second air chamber in fluid communication with the first air chamber; a closure seal attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal and defining a lumen in fluid communication with the first air chamber; and a plunger attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, wherein the plunger is received complementarily by the closure seal, and wherein the lumen of the closure seal is configured to receive a fluid supply to thermally condition the sealing assembly to seal a gap between a movable flap and a fixed structure.

[0123] According to the assembly described in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the movable flap defines a passage, the fluid supply is provided by an air flow supplied from the passage, and the passage is in fluid communication with the lumen of the closure seal.

[0124] According to the assembly described in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the closure seal defines a first outlet opening that is in fluid communication with the environment surrounding the sealing assembly and in fluid communication with the lumen.

[0125] According to the assembly described in any of the preceding clauses, wherein the plunger defines a second outlet opening that is in fluid communication with the environment surrounding the sealing assembly and in fluid communication with the second air chamber.

[0126] According to any of the components described in the preceding item, wherein the fluid supply exits the second outlet opening to form a film seal beneath the plunger.

[0127] A method of sealing a dynamic gap using a first sealing device, the first sealing device comprising: a first seal having a first proximal portion and a first distal portion; a second seal having a second proximal portion and a second distal portion coupled to the first distal portion of the first seal, the second seal being opposite the first seal and forming an internal space therebetween; a closure seal attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal; and a first plunger attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, wherein the first plunger is receivable in a groove in the closure seal to seal the internal space, and wherein the first seal is offset from the second seal to seal the dynamic gap, the method comprising the steps of: contacting at least one surface defining the dynamic gap with the first plunger; and automatically moving at least the first plunger relative to the groove in response to movement in the at least one surface.

[0128] According to any of the methods described in the preceding item, wherein the movement further comprises automatically moving the first plunger substantially linearly into and out of the closure seal in response to movement in the at least one surface to seal the dynamic gap and the internal space.

[0129] According to any of the methods described in the preceding item, further comprising the steps of: automatically twisting the second seal and the first plunger relative to the closure seal in response to the profile of the at least one surface; and automatically deforming at least the second seal according to the profile of the at least one surface.

[0130] According to any of the methods described in the preceding item, further comprising the steps of: providing a second sealing device coupled to the closure seal, wherein the second sealing device includes a second plunger that operates independently of the first plunger to seal the dynamic gap.

[0131] It should be understood that those skilled in the art may make various changes to the details, materials, and arrangements of the parts and components described and illustrated herein within the principles and scope of the appended claims to account for the nature of the dynamic seal between moving and stationary components. Additionally, while various features have been described for specific embodiments, it should be understood that features described for one embodiment may also be combined with other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A sealing device, characterized in that, Comprising: A first seal having a first proximal portion and a first distal portion; A second seal having a second proximal portion and a second distal portion, the second distal portion being coupled to the first distal portion, and the second seal being opposed to the first seal and defining an internal space therebetween, wherein the first seal and the second seal form a hairpin shape; A closure seal attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal; and A first plunger attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, and the first plunger having a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the closure seal, wherein the first plunger is matingly received by the closure seal and the first seal and the second seal couple the movement of the first plunger to the closure seal to seal the internal space, and wherein the first seal is offset from the second seal.

2. The sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Wherein, the first proximal portion of the first seal is positioned adjacent to the second proximal portion of the second seal.

3. The sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Wherein, the closure seal defines a recess for receiving the first plunger, and wherein the first plunger includes a protrusion having a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the recess.

4. The sealing device according to claim 1, wherein Wherein, the closure seal is operatively coupled to a second sealing device, the second sealing device comprising: A third seal having a third proximal portion and a third distal portion; A fourth seal having a fourth proximal portion and a fourth distal portion coupled to the third distal portion of the third seal, the fourth seal being opposed to the third seal and defining a second internal space therebetween; and A second plunger attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal and coupled to the first plunger via a lap joint, the second plunger having a geometry substantially corresponding to the geometry of the closure seal, wherein the second plunger is matingly received by the closure seal to seal the second internal space, and the third seal is offset from the fourth seal.

5. A sealing device, characterized in that, Comprising: A first seal having a first proximal portion and a first distal portion; A second seal having a second proximal portion and a second distal portion, the second distal portion being coupled to the first distal portion, and the second seal being opposed to the first seal and defining an internal space therebetween; A closure seal attached to the first proximal portion of the first seal; and A first plunger attached to the second proximal portion of the second seal, and the first plunger having a geometry corresponding to the geometry of the closure seal, Wherein, the first plunger is received in a mating manner by the closing seal, and the first seal and the second seal link the movement of the first plunger to the closing seal to seal the internal space, and wherein, the first seal is offset from the second seal, and wherein, the first seal and the second seal are of a single-piece material.

6. The sealing device according to claim 5, wherein Wherein, the first proximal portion of the first seal is positioned adjacent to the second proximal portion of the second seal.

7. The sealing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Wherein, the first seal and the second seal extend substantially in the same direction.

8. The sealing device according to claim 5, wherein Wherein, the first seal includes a first elastic sheet, a second elastic sheet parallel to the first elastic sheet, and a substrate that extends between the first elastic sheet and the second elastic sheet at the first proximal portion of the first seal, and the closing seal is attached to the substrate.

9. The sealing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Wherein, the second seal includes a third elastic sheet, a fourth elastic sheet parallel to the third elastic sheet, and a subplate that extends between the third elastic sheet and the fourth elastic sheet at the second proximal portion of the second seal, and the first plunger is attached to the subplate.

10. The sealing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Wherein, the first seal and the second seal are elastically linked by the first elastic sheet, the second elastic sheet, the third elastic sheet, and the fourth elastic sheet such that the first plunger has a predetermined movement.

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