Vertical axis wind turbine and control method thereof

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention discloses a vertical axis wind turbine and a control method thereof, comprising a vertical main axis of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure, and a blade assembly; the inclined slide rail structure includes a plurality of inclined slide rails uniformly arranged around the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, the angles between the axes of the plurality of inclined slide rails along the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main axis of the wind turbine are all equal and less than 90 degrees, and the height is increased in the radial direction, and the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure is an even number; the blade assembly includes a plurality of blade structures, and the bottom end surface of each of the plurality of inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a corresponding blade structure. The embodiment of the present invention can arrange an inclined slide rail on the vertical main axis of the wind turbine so that the blade structure slidably connected to the inclined slide rail can flexibly move along the inclined slide rail to change the rotational inertia, thereby reducing the starting wind speed of the wind turbine and improving the power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine generators, and in particular to a vertical axis wind turbine generator and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a green, renewable energy source, wind power has garnered widespread attention and recognition due to its abundant resources and mature technology. A horizontal-axis wind turbine (HAWT) is a wind turbine whose blades rotate parallel to the horizontal. It primarily consists of a rotor, main shaft, generator, tower, and yaw system. When wind blows through the rotor, the blades generate lift, causing them to rotate around the main shaft. This rotation of the rotor drives the main shaft, which in turn transmits mechanical energy to the generator, causing it to operate. The coils within the generator cut through the magnetic lines of flux in the magnetic field, generating electricity.

[0003] At present, although horizontal-axis wind turbines have made great progress in design and application, they have certain limitations in many application scenarios due to their sensitivity to wind direction, large footprint and high noise.

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of horizontal-axis wind turbines, the design of vertical-axis wind turbines has been proposed. Due to their unrestricted wind direction, small footprint, and low noise levels, vertical-axis wind turbines have great potential for application in urban and complex geographical environments. However, existing vertical-axis wind turbines, with their blades fixed relative to the main shaft, face technical bottlenecks in power generation efficiency, hindering their widespread adoption and promotion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a vertical axis wind turbine and a control method thereof, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that the blades of the vertical axis wind turbine are fixed relative to the main shaft and the power generation efficiency is low.

[0006] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical axis wind turbine, which includes a vertical main axis of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure and a blade assembly; the multiple inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure are evenly arranged around the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, and the angles between the axes of the multiple inclined slide rails along the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main axis of the wind turbine are equal and less than 90°, the multiple inclined slide rails are raised in height along the radial direction, and the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure is an even number; the blade assembly includes multiple blade structures, the total number of blade structures included in the blade assembly is the same as the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure, and the bottom end surface of each inclined slide rail in the multiple inclined slide rails is correspondingly slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure moves accordingly along the inclined slide rail when subjected to wind force to change the moment of inertia.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method for a vertical axis wind turbine, which is applied to the vertical axis wind turbine described in the first aspect. The method includes:

[0008] The tachometer obtains the current speed value and sends it to the controller;

[0009] The anemometer obtains the current wind speed value and sends it to the controller;

[0010] The controller determines a current target stop position of each of the plurality of blade structures of the vertical-axis wind turbine on a corresponding inclined rail based on the current wind speed value, the current rotational speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy; wherein the blade position control strategy is configured to ensure that the plurality of blade structures have a preset tip speed ratio at the stop position on the corresponding inclined rail;

[0011] The controller controls the corresponding motor in the motor group to rotate according to the current target position of each blade structure in the plurality of blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target position on the inclined slide rail.

[0012] An embodiment of the present invention provides a vertical axis wind turbine and a control method thereof, comprising: a vertical main axis of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure, and a blade assembly. The inclined slide rail structure includes multiple inclined slide rails uniformly arranged around the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, wherein the angles between the axes of the multiple inclined slide rails along the longitudinal direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main axis of the wind turbine are equal and less than 90 degrees. The multiple inclined slide rails are raised in a radial direction, and the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure is an even number. The blade assembly includes multiple blade structures, the total number of blade structures included in the blade assembly is the same as the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure, and the bottom end surface of each of the multiple inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure moves along the inclined slide rail to change its rotational inertia when subjected to wind force. The embodiment of the present invention can reduce the starting wind speed of the wind turbine and improve power generation efficiency by arranging the inclined slide rails on the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, so that the blade structure slidably connected to the inclined slide rail can flexibly move along the inclined slide rail to change its rotational inertia. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 A first structural schematic diagram of a vertical axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A second structural schematic diagram of a vertical axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the main viewing angle structure of a vertical axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of wind state zoning for a vertical axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic structural block diagram of a vertical main axis of a vertical axis wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of a control method for a vertical axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a sub-flow chart of a control method for a vertical axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another sub-flow of the control method of the vertical axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It will be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0024] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification and appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0025] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0026] Please also see Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 A first structural diagram of a vertical axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. Figure 2 A second structural diagram of a vertical axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main viewing angle structure of the vertical axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the vertical axis wind turbine includes: a vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure 200 and a blade assembly 300; the multiple inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure 200 are evenly arranged around the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine, and the angles between the axes of the multiple inclined slide rails along the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main axis of the wind turbine are equal and less than 90°, the multiple inclined slide rails are increased in height along the radial direction, and the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure is an even number; the blade assembly 300 includes multiple blade structures, the total number of blade structures included in the blade assembly is the same as the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure, and the bottom end surface of each inclined slide rail 211 in the multiple inclined slide rails is correspondingly slidably connected to a blade structure 311, so that the blade structure 311 moves accordingly along the inclined slide rail when subjected to wind force to change the moment of inertia.

[0027] In this embodiment, the generator, tower, and yaw system structures of the vertical-axis wind turbine are not shown. Instead, the vertical main shaft 100, inclined slide rail structure 200, and blade assembly 300 of the wind turbine, which have been modified compared to the horizontal-axis wind turbine, are shown. When the vertical-axis wind turbine is stationary, each blade structure 311 of the multiple blade structures in the blade assembly 300 slides and stops at the first end of the inclined slide rail (wherein the first end of the inclined slide rail is the end connected to the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine) due to its own weight. Therefore, the overall moment of inertia of the vertical-axis wind turbine is relatively small. Because the greater the horizontal distance between each blade structure 311 of the multiple blade structures of the blade assembly 300 and the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine, the greater the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly 300, and the smaller the horizontal distance between each blade structure 311 and the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine, the smaller the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly 300, when the rotational inertia of other structures except the blade assembly 300 in the vertical axis wind turbine remains unchanged, the change in the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly 300 can also affect the overall rotational inertia of the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0028] When the blade assembly 300 is initially stationary in the vertical-axis wind turbine, once it is subjected to wind, the blade assembly 300 can start at relatively low wind speeds due to its relatively low overall moment of inertia. As the wind speed increases, the blade assembly 300 is subjected to centrifugal force during rotation, causing each of the multiple blade structures in the blade assembly 300 to gradually move away from the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine. This increases the overall moment of inertia of the blade assembly 300, thereby increasing the overall moment of inertia of the vertical-axis wind turbine and improving power generation efficiency and stability.

[0029] In one embodiment, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, each blade structure 311 in the multiple blade structures includes an internal blade 3111 and an external blade 3112, and the internal blade 3111 is hinged to the external blade 3112 through a hinge structure 3113; the top of the hinge structure 3113 or the external blade 3112 is slidably connected to the corresponding inclined slide rail 211 through a pulley structure (not shown).

[0030] In this embodiment, when the blade structure 311 comprises inner blades 3111 and outer blades 3112, it can be considered a shell blade structure. The outer blades 3112 in the blade structure 311 are fixed, and the inner blades 3111 can be opened and closed relative to the outer blades 3112. When there is no wind, the inner blades 3111 are opened by gravity (i.e., the angle between the inner blades 3111 and the outer blades 3112 is greater than 0°). When the blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 is in this state, the entire vertical-axis wind turbine is considered a resistance-type wind turbine and can be started even with a slight breeze. When the wind speed reaches a predetermined value, such as 4 m / s, the inner blades 3111 are primarily acted upon by centrifugal force, and the blade structure 311 is closed (i.e., the angle between the inner blades 3111 and the outer blades 3112 is equal to 0°). The entire vertical-axis wind turbine is considered a lift-type wind turbine, effectively improving power generation efficiency at operating wind speeds.

[0031] In order to more clearly understand the working principle of the blade assembly 300, the working conditions of each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 at various wind speeds are described in detail below:

[0032] 1) When the wind speed is 0 m / s, each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 is at the first end of the inclined slide rail, and the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 is greater than 0°;

[0033] 2) When the wind speed is 1.5 m / s, the blade structures 311 in the blade assembly 300 that are closer to the wind inlet direction are considered inner ring blades, and the blade structures 311 in the blade assembly 300 that are farther from the wind inlet direction are considered outer ring blades. The angle between the inner blades 3111 and the outer blades 3112 in each blade structure 311 in the inner ring blades is greater than 0°, and the angle between the inner blades 3111 and the outer blades 3112 in each blade structure 311 in the outer ring blades is close to or equal to 0°.

[0034] 3) When the wind speed is 4 m / s, the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 is equal to 0°, and each blade structure 311 is slightly away from the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine;

[0035] 4) When the wind speed is 15 m / s, the angle between the inner blade 3111 and the outer blade 3112 in each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 remains equal to 0°, and each blade structure 311 is completely away from the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine (more specifically, each blade structure 311 is at the second end of the inclined slide rail, and the second end of the inclined slide rail is the end of the inclined slide rail farthest from the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine).

[0036] In the above example, the working conditions of each blade structure in the blade assembly are explained under certain wind speed conditions. From the above working conditions, it can be concluded that the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly is low at low wind speeds and it is easy to start; the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly continues to increase with increasing wind speed, and the power generation efficiency is improved; when the blade assembly exceeds a certain wind speed and the blade structures are all at the second end of the inclined slide rail, the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly remains unchanged, thereby improving the power generation stability.

[0037] In one embodiment, if Figures 1-4 As shown, an inverted conical fairing 220 is fixedly provided on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 for compressing the air to increase the wind speed at the blade assembly 300 .

[0038] In this embodiment, when an inverted conical fairing 220 is fixedly provided on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 ( Figure 2 and Figure 1 The difference is that Figure 1 The inverted conical fairing 220 on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 is removed, and Figure 2 The inverted conical fairing 220 on the top surface of the inclined slide rail structure 200 is not removed). Since the height of each inclined slide rail in the inclined slide rail structure 200 increases continuously from the first end to the second end, when wind enters from one side of the inclined slide rail structure 200, the windward side of the blade assembly 300 is a wind compression zone (for details, please refer to Figure 4 ), the other areas of the blade assembly 300 except the windward side belong to the wind recovery area (for details, please refer to Figure 4 ), so after the wind blows through the blade assembly 300, it passes through the wind compression zone and the wind recovery zone in sequence (for details, please refer to Figure 4 ), which can achieve the effect of compressed air, significantly increase the wind speed at the blade assembly position, and improve the overall power generation efficiency.

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the two blade structures on each of the two opposing inclined slide rails in the blade assembly 300 are connected by a steel cable (not shown), a first end of the steel cable is connected to a fixed pulley (not shown) provided on the top surface of one of the two inclined slide rails, the non-end portion of the steel cable is also connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail provided with the fixed pulley, and the second end of the steel cable is connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail of the two inclined slide rails that is not provided with a fixed pulley.

[0040] In this embodiment, as the first embodiment of the specific implementation of the blade assembly 300, in order to achieve symmetrical passive control, the two blade structures on the two opposite inclined slide rails in the blade assembly 300 can be connected by the same steel cable, and the first end of the steel cable is connected to one of the inclined slide rails 211 of the two inclined slide rails, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 Taking the two inclined rails located on the leftmost and rightmost sides of the inclined rail structure 200 as an example, the first end of the steel cable is connected to the fixed pulley provided on the top surface of the inclined rail 211 located on the leftmost side, and the non-end portion of the steel cable is also connected to the inclined rail with the fixed pulley (such as Figure 3 The second end of the steel cable is connected to the blade structure 311 on the inclined slide rail 211 located on the leftmost side of the inclined slide rail structure 200 (more specifically, connected to the pulley structure at the top of the blade structure 311), and the second end of the steel cable is connected to the blade structure 311 on the inclined slide rail 211 located on the rightmost side of the inclined slide rail structure 200.

[0041] The above example only illustrates the steel cable connection of one set of facing blade structures in blade assembly 300. The steel cable connection of other sets of blade structures in blade assembly 300 is also referenced in the above example and will not be repeated here. When each set of facing blade structures in blade assembly 300 is connected by a single steel cable, since the total length of the steel cable remains unchanged, each set of facing blade structures will always maintain the same height under the drive of the steel cable, avoiding the situation where each set of facing blade structures will have inconsistent heights. This ensures that each set of facing blade structures has the same moment of inertia, thereby ensuring power generation efficiency and stability.

[0042] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a controller 110 and a motor group 120 are also provided in the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, and a tachometer 130 and an anemometer 140 are also provided on the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, and the motor group 120, the tachometer 130 and the anemometer 140 are all connected to the controller 110; wherein, the total number of motors corresponding to the motor group 120 is the same as the total number of blade structures included in the blade assembly, and each motor in the motor group 120 is connected to one of the blade structures 311 of the multiple blade structures, so as to adjust the position of the blade structure 311 on the corresponding inclined slide rail 211, thereby adjusting the horizontal distance between the blade structure 311 and the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine.

[0043] In this embodiment, serving as a second embodiment of the specific implementation of the blade assembly 300, each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 can be connected to a single motor in the motor assembly 120 to achieve active control. Furthermore, each motor can receive control signals from the controller 110 to ensure that when its corresponding blade structure 311 is driven by the motor and moves to its current resting position on the corresponding inclined rail 211, the tip speed ratio determined by combining the current wind speed value measured by the anemometer 140 and the current rotational speed value measured by the tachometer 130 (referring to the current rotational speed value of the wind turbine's vertical main shaft 100) is equal to a preset tip speed ratio. When each blade structure 311 in the blade assembly 300 maintains the same tip speed ratio, high power generation efficiency can be maintained.

[0044] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, when each motor in the motor group 120 is connected to one of the blade structures 311 among the multiple blade structures, the motor is connected to the corresponding blade structure 311 through a first connecting steel cable (not shown) and a second connecting steel cable (not shown); wherein, the first end of the first connecting steel cable is wound around the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the first connecting steel cable is connected to the blade structure 311; the first end of the second connecting steel cable is wound around the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the second connecting steel cable is connected to the blade structure 311 along the top end surface of the corresponding inclined slide rail 211 and then connected to the blade structure 311 on the bottom end surface of the inclined slide rail 211.

[0045] In this embodiment, when each motor in the motor group 120 is connected to one of the blade structures 311 among the multiple blade structures, the connection method adopted is the same. When each motor is connected to the corresponding blade structure 311 in the above manner, it should be noted that if the direction in which the first end of the first connecting steel cable is wound around the rotating shaft of the motor is recorded as the first direction, and the direction in which the first end of the second connecting steel cable is wound around the rotating shaft of the motor is recorded as the second direction, the two directions are opposite directions, that is, when the first direction is a clockwise winding direction, the second direction is a counterclockwise winding direction, or when the second direction is a clockwise winding direction, the first direction is a counterclockwise winding direction. With reference to the above method, when the motor rotates in one direction, such as clockwise, the length of the first connecting cable not wound around the rotating shaft can be lengthened and the length of the second connecting cable not wound around the rotating shaft can be shortened, so that the blade structure 311 can move along the inclined slide rail due to the tension of the two connecting cables and its own pulley structure, thereby moving further away from the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine. When the motor rotates in one direction, such as counterclockwise, the length of the first connecting cable not wound around the rotating shaft can be shortened and the length of the second connecting cable not wound around the rotating shaft can be lengthened, so that the blade structure 311 can move along the inclined slide rail due to the tension of the two connecting cables and its own pulley structure, thereby moving closer to the vertical main axis 100 of the wind turbine. Each blade structure in the blade assembly can be actively controlled by the motor to flexibly adjust its stop position on the inclined slide rail to ensure that its tip speed ratio is equal to the preset tip speed ratio. When each blade structure in the blade assembly maintains the same tip speed ratio, a high power generation efficiency can be maintained.

[0046] The present invention also provides a control method for a vertical axis wind turbine. Figure 6 As shown, the control method of the vertical axis wind turbine is applied to the vertical axis wind turbine in the embodiment using the active blade control technology. The control method of the vertical axis wind turbine includes:

[0047] S110: The tachometer obtains the current speed value and sends it to the controller.

[0048] In this embodiment, in order to realize active control of each blade structure in the blade assembly of the vertical axis wind turbine, Figure 1-Figure 5 Under the premise of this, the current speed value can be obtained by the tachometer and sent to the controller, where the tachometer measures the current speed value of the vertical main shaft 100 of the wind turbine, and the controller can determine the tip speed ratio of the blade structure in combination with the current speed value and other parameters.

[0049] S120: The anemometer obtains the current wind speed value and sends it to the controller.

[0050] In this embodiment, the anemometer can also obtain the current wind speed value and send it to the controller, and the controller can determine the tip speed ratio of the blade structure based on the current wind speed value and other parameters. There is no specific order in which steps S110 and S120 are performed. S110 and S120 can be performed simultaneously, or one of them can be performed before the other.

[0051] S130. The controller determines a current target position of each blade structure of the vertical-axis wind turbine on a corresponding inclined rail based on the current wind speed value, the current rotation speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy.

[0052] The blade position control strategy is used to enable the multiple blade structures to have a preset tip speed ratio at the stop position on the corresponding inclined slide rail; the preset tip speed ratio is 2-4.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the controller obtains the current wind speed value and the current rotational speed value, taking the specific control of a blade structure as an example, the controller determines its current target stop position on the corresponding inclined rail based on the current wind speed value, the current rotational speed value, and the blade position control strategy, so that the blade structure has a preset tip speed ratio (preferably, the preset tip speed ratio is 3) at the current target stop position. The controller's control of other blade structures in the multiple blade structures also refers to the above process and is not further described here.

[0054] In one embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, step S130 includes:

[0055] S131. For each blade structure of the plurality of blade structures of the vertical-axis wind turbine, input the current wind speed value and the current rotational speed value into a calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy to obtain a current rotor radius between the blade structure and the vertical main axis of the wind turbine; wherein the calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy is: rotor radius of the blade structure = 30 × preset tip speed ratio × wind speed value / (π × rotational speed value);

[0056] S132. Determine a current target spacing between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined rail by dividing the current rotor radius by the sine of the angle between the longitudinal axis of the inclined rail and the longitudinal axis perpendicular to the main axis of the wind turbine; wherein the first end of the inclined rail is the end connected to the vertical main axis of the wind turbine;

[0057] S133: Determine the current target stop position of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail based on the current target distance between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the controller specifically controls a blade structure, it first inputs the current wind speed value and the current rotational speed value into a calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy, namely, the rotor radius of the blade structure = 30 × preset tip speed ratio × wind speed value / (π × rotational speed value), calculates the current rotor radius between the blade structure and the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, and directly uses the current rotor radius as the horizontal distance between the blade structure and the vertical main axis of the wind turbine. Then, the current target spacing between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail is obtained by dividing the current rotor radius by the sine of the angle between the longitudinal axis of the inclined slide rail and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main axis of the wind turbine. That is, the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle can be determined by dividing the length of a right-angled side by the sine of the angle opposite the right-angled side. Finally, the current target position of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail is determined based on the current target spacing, and the motor connected to the blade structure needs to rotate to drive the blade structure to the current target position.

[0059] Among them, in the vertical axis wind turbine, the vertical main axis of the wind turbine is in a stationary state and each blade structure in the blade assembly is located at the first end of the inclined slide rail, which is its initial state. When wind blows through the vertical axis wind turbine and drives the vertical main axis of the wind turbine to rotate, the controller actively controls each blade structure based on the blade position control strategy to ensure that the blade structure has a preset tip speed ratio at the current target position. When each blade structure in the blade assembly maintains the same tip speed ratio, a higher power generation efficiency can be maintained.

[0060] Because the greater the horizontal distance between each blade structure in the multiple blade structures of the blade assembly and the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, the greater the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly, and the smaller the horizontal distance between each blade structure and the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, the smaller the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly, therefore, when the rotational inertia of other structures except the blade assembly in the vertical axis wind turbine remains unchanged, the change in the overall rotational inertia of the blade assembly can also affect the overall rotational inertia of the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0061] When the blade assembly is initially stationary in the vertical-axis wind turbine, once it is acted upon by wind, the blade assembly's overall moment of inertia is relatively low, enabling it to start at relatively low wind speeds. As wind speed increases, the blade assembly is subjected to centrifugal force during rotation, causing each of the assembly's multiple blade structures to gradually move away from the wind turbine's vertical main axis. This increases the blade assembly's overall moment of inertia, thereby increasing the vertical-axis wind turbine's overall moment of inertia and improving power generation efficiency and stability.

[0062] S140, the controller controls the corresponding motor in the motor group to rotate according to the current target stop position of each blade structure in the multiple blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target stop position on the inclined slide rail.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the control knows the current target position and current stop position of the blade structure on the corresponding inclined slide rail, the corresponding motor in the motor group can be specifically controlled to rotate to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target position on the inclined slide rail.

[0064] In one embodiment, if Figure 8 As shown, step S140 includes:

[0065] S141, determining a current distance to be moved and a current direction to be moved of each blade structure on the corresponding inclined slide rail for each blade structure among the plurality of blade structures;

[0066] S142, determining the current number of revolutions to be rotated and the current direction to be rotated of the corresponding motor in the motor group according to the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved;

[0067] S143, controlling the motor to rotate according to the current number of rotations of the rotating shaft and the current rotation direction, so as to drive the blade structure to move to the current target stop position on the inclined slide rail.

[0068] In this embodiment, after the controller knows the current target position and the current stop position of the blade structure to be controlled on the corresponding inclined slide rail, it can determine the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail based on which of the current stop position and the current stop target position is farther away from the first end of the inclined slide rail. If the current stop position and the current stop target position are farther away from the first end of the inclined slide rail, the controller needs to send a control signal to drive the motor connected to the blade structure to rotate (specifically, it is necessary to determine the current number of revolutions of the rotating shaft and the current direction to be rotated), so that the motor drives the blade structure to move to the current target position on the inclined slide rail.

[0069] For example, if the average speed of the motor is known, and the controller knows the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail, the current number of rotations of the motor's shaft to be determined by dividing the current distance to be moved by the average speed of the motor can be used to determine the number of rotations of the motor's shaft to be rotated. Furthermore, the motor can drive the blade structure from its current rest position to its current target rest position on the inclined slide rail by rotating the current number of rotations of the shaft in the current direction to be rotated. Thus, the above method achieves precise position control of the motor and blade structure, thereby ensuring that the blade structure has a preset tip speed ratio at its current target rest position.

[0070] In summary, the present invention provides a vertical axis wind turbine and a control method thereof, comprising: a vertical main axis of the wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure, and a blade assembly; the inclined slide rail structure includes a plurality of inclined slide rails uniformly arranged around the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, the angles between the axes of the plurality of inclined slide rails along the longitudinal direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main axis of the wind turbine are all equal and less than 90°, the plurality of inclined slide rails are raised in a radial direction, and the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure is an even number; the blade assembly includes a plurality of blade structures, the total number of blades corresponding to the plurality of blade structures being equal to the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure, and the bottom end surface of each of the plurality of inclined slide rails is slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure moves along the inclined slide rail accordingly when subjected to wind force to change its rotational inertia. The embodiments of the present invention can reduce the starting wind speed of the wind turbine and improve power generation efficiency by providing the inclined slide rail on the vertical main axis of the wind turbine, so that the blade structure slidably connected to the inclined slide rail can flexibly move along the inclined slide rail to change its rotational inertia.

[0071] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical main shaft of a wind turbine, an inclined slide rail structure and a blade assembly; the plurality of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure are evenly arranged around the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine, the angles between the axes of the plurality of inclined slide rails along the length direction and the longitudinal axis of the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine are all equal and less than 90 degrees, the plurality of inclined slide rails increase the height along the radial direction, and the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure is an even number; the blade assembly comprises a plurality of blade structures, the total number of blade structures included in the blade assembly is the same as the total number of inclined slide rails included in the inclined slide rail structure, and the bottom end surface of each inclined slide rail in the plurality of inclined slide rails is correspondingly slidably connected to a blade structure, so that the blade structure moves accordingly along the inclined slide rail when subjected to wind force to change the moment of inertia; Each of the plurality of blade structures includes an inner blade and an outer blade, wherein the inner blade is hinged to the outer blade via a hinge structure; the top end of the hinge structure or the outer blade is slidably connected to the corresponding inclined slide rail via a pulley structure; The top surface of the inclined slide rail structure is also fixed with an inverted cone-shaped fairing for compressing the air to increase the wind speed at the blade assembly; The two blade structures on each of the two opposing inclined slide rails in the blade assembly are connected by a steel cable, a first end of the steel cable is connected to a fixed pulley provided on the top surface of one of the two inclined slide rails, the non-end portion of the steel cable is also connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail with the fixed pulley, and the second end of the steel cable is connected to the blade structure on the inclined slide rail of the two inclined slide rails that is not provided with a fixed pulley.

2. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A controller and a motor group are also provided in the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine. A tachometer and an anemometer are also provided on the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine. The motor group, the tachometer and the anemometer are all connected to the controller; wherein the total number of motors corresponding to the motor group is the same as the total number of blade structures included in the blade assembly, and each motor in the motor group is connected to one of the multiple blade structures to adjust the position of the blade structure on the corresponding inclined slide rail, thereby adjusting the horizontal distance between the blade structure and the vertical main shaft of the wind turbine.

3. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: When each motor in the motor group is connected to one of the multiple blade structures, the motor is connected to the corresponding blade structure through a first connecting steel cable and a second connecting steel cable respectively; wherein, the first end of the first connecting steel cable is wound around the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the first connecting steel cable is connected to the blade structure; the first end of the second connecting steel cable is wound around the rotating shaft of the motor, and the second end of the second connecting steel cable is connected to the blade structure on the bottom end surface of the inclined slide rail after passing along the top end surface of the corresponding inclined slide rail.

4. A control method for a vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: Applied to the vertical axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 2 to 3, the method comprises: The tachometer obtains the current speed value and sends it to the controller; The anemometer obtains the current wind speed value and sends it to the controller; The controller determines a current target stop position of each of the plurality of blade structures of the vertical-axis wind turbine on a corresponding inclined rail based on the current wind speed value, the current rotational speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy; wherein the blade position control strategy is configured to ensure that the plurality of blade structures have a preset tip speed ratio at the stop position on the corresponding inclined rail; The controller controls the corresponding motor in the motor group to rotate according to the current target position of each blade structure in the plurality of blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target position on the inclined slide rail.

5. The control method of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determining, based on the current wind speed value, the current rotation speed value, and a preset blade position control strategy, of a current target position of each blade structure of the vertical-axis wind turbine on a corresponding inclined slide rail includes: For each blade structure of the plurality of blade structures of the vertical-axis wind turbine, the current wind speed value and the current rotational speed value are input into a calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy to obtain a current rotor radius between the blade structure and the vertical main axis of the wind turbine; wherein the calculation formula corresponding to the blade position control strategy is: rotor radius of the blade structure = 30 × preset tip speed ratio × wind speed value / (π × rotational speed value); Determine a current target spacing between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined rail by dividing the current rotor radius by the sine of the angle between the longitudinal axis of the inclined rail and the longitudinal axis perpendicular to the main axis of the wind turbine; wherein the first end of the inclined rail is the end of the inclined rail connected to the vertical main axis of the wind turbine; The current target stop position of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail is determined according to the current target distance between the blade structure and the first end of the inclined slide rail.

6. The control method of the vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of controlling the corresponding motor in the motor group to rotate according to the current target stop position of each blade structure in the plurality of blade structures on the corresponding inclined slide rail to drive the corresponding blade structure to move to the current target stop position on the inclined slide rail includes: For each of the plurality of blade structures, the current target stop position and the current stop position on the corresponding inclined slide rail are used to determine a current distance to be moved and a current direction to be moved of the blade structure on the inclined slide rail; Determine the current number of revolutions to be made and the current direction to be rotated of the corresponding motor in the motor group according to the current distance to be moved and the current direction to be moved; The motor is controlled to rotate according to the current number of rotations of the rotating shaft and the current rotation direction, so as to drive the blade structure to move to the current target stop position on the inclined slide rail.

7. The control method of a vertical axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The preset tip speed ratio is 2~4.

Images