Water-lubricated thrust bearing and performance monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-lubricated thrust bearing and a performance monitoring method thereof, and relates to the technical field of bearings. The water lubrication thrust bearing comprises a tilting pad, the tilting pad comprises a pad seat and an elastic layer, and the elastic layer is of a honeycomb structure; the honeycomb structure comprises a plurality of honeycomb units, and the aperture of the honeycomb unit close to the middle of the elastic layer is smaller than that of the honeycomb unit close to the edge of the elastic layer; the invention further discloses a performance monitoring method of the water-lubricated thrust bearing. The working performance of the elastic layer is measured and evaluated through the temperature measuring sensor and the vibration measuring sensor. Based on the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, not only can the structural stability and the bearing capacity of the bearing be enhanced, but also the vibration and noise reduction effect, the heat management capacity and the fatigue resistance of the elastic layer can be improved, and material deformation and cracks are reduced, so that the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearings, and in particular to a water-lubricated thrust bearing and a performance monitoring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tilting pad water-lubricated thrust bearing is a special bearing designed for heavy loads, low speeds and variable operating conditions. Its core feature is the combination of elastic support structure and water lubrication technology to improve load-bearing capacity and environmental adaptability.

[0003] At present, in the relevant technology, the elastic layer of the bearing pad in the tilting pad water-lubricated thrust bearing adopts a hollow structure design, but the hollow layer is a hollow tubular structure with insufficient elasticity and cannot effectively absorb and transform vibration energy, resulting in limited vibration reduction and noise reduction performance as well as load-balancing and impact resistance performance. There is an urgent need for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, propose a water-lubricated thrust bearing and a performance monitoring method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the elastic layer on the tilting pad is insufficient in elasticity, cannot effectively absorb and transform vibration energy, has poor shock absorption and noise reduction performance, and has poor impact resistance.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a water-lubricated thrust bearing, comprising a tilting pad, wherein the tilting pad comprises a pad seat and an elastic layer, wherein the elastic layer is in a honeycomb structure; the honeycomb structure comprises a plurality of honeycomb units, wherein the pore size of the honeycomb unit near the middle of the elastic layer is smaller than the pore size of the honeycomb unit near the edge of the elastic layer.

[0006] In some embodiments, the elastic layer includes at least a middle region, a transition region, and an outer edge region from the middle to both sides thereof, the apertures of the multiple honeycomb units in any of the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region are the same, and the apertures of the honeycomb units in the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region increase successively.

[0007] In some embodiments, the pore diameters and / or wall thicknesses of the honeycomb units in the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region increase in a geometric progression, and the increasing ratio is 1.2-1.5.

[0008] In some embodiments, a wear-resistant layer is disposed on one side of the tile seat, and a plurality of first deep grooves are disposed on a side of the wear-resistant layer away from the elastic layer, and two ends of the first deep grooves extend to opposite sides of the wear-resistant layer respectively.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of first deep grooves are all arc-shaped structures, and the centers of the plurality of first deep grooves coincide.

[0010] In some embodiments, a rigid ball head is provided on one side of the tile seat, and a plurality of second deep grooves are formed on the surface of the rigid ball head along its circumferential direction, and the plurality of second deep grooves are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rigid ball head.

[0011] In some embodiments, a temperature measuring sensor is provided at the connection between the tile seat and the elastic layer, and the temperature measuring sensor is located in the groove of the honeycomb unit corresponding to the middle area on the elastic layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of vibration measuring sensors are further provided on the elastic layer, the plurality of vibration measuring sensors are located on the side walls of the honeycomb unit, and the plurality of vibration measuring sensors are arranged in a spiral shape on the elastic layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, protective layers are coated on the surfaces of the temperature measuring sensor and the vibration measuring sensor.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a performance monitoring method for a water-lubricated thrust bearing, which is applied to the above-mentioned water-lubricated thrust bearing, and includes the following steps: S1. Install the water-lubricated thrust bearing on the test rotating shaft; S2. Start the test rotating shaft and introduce cooling water into the water-lubricated thrust bearing for lubrication and cooling; S3. Measure the effective vibration velocity v, the surface temperature t1, and the temperature gradient t2 of the elastic layer through the temperature measuring sensor and the vibration measuring sensor; S4. Evaluate the working performance of the elastic layer in the water-lubricated thrust bearing according to the measured data.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a bearing tile block, in which the elastic layer is arranged in a honeycomb structure, and the pore size distribution of a plurality of honeycomb units is reasonably controlled; by applying this bearing tile block to a water-lubricated thrust bearing and cooperating with a corresponding performance monitoring method for the water-lubricated thrust bearing, the structural improvement of the water-lubricated thrust bearing and the real-time monitoring of the bearing performance are realized. Through the above method, the honeycomb structure can not only enhance the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, but also improve the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect, heat management ability and anti-fatigue performance of the elastic layer, reduce the generation of material deformation and cracks, and thus extend the service life of the bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a water-lubricated thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water-lubricated thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tilting pad in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a tilting pad in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a top view of a wear-resistant layer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elastic layer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a partial schematic diagram of the middle area on the elastic layer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic flow diagram of a performance monitoring method for a water-lubricated thrust bearing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Thrust disk; 2. Fixed pad; 3. Support ring; 4. Tilting pad; 41. Support layer; 42. Elastic layer; 421. Middle area; 422. Transition area; 423. Outer edge area; 424. Honeycomb unit; 43. Pad seat; 431. Top groove; 44. Rigid ball head; 441. Second deep groove; 45. Substrate layer; 46. Wear-resistant layer; 461. First deep groove; 5. Grating optical fiber force measuring device; 6. Temperature measuring sensor; 7. Vibration measuring sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a water-lubricated thrust bearing and its performance monitoring method, which can not only enhance the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, but also improve the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect, heat management ability and anti-fatigue performance of the elastic layer 42, reduce the generation of material deformation and cracks, and thus extend the service life of the bearing.

[0020] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figure 1-2 , a water-lubricated thrust bearing, including a thrust disk 1, a plurality of fixed pads 2, a support ring 3, a plurality of tilting pads 4 and a grating optical fiber force measuring device 5.

[0021] Specifically, the thrust disk 1 can be connected to a rotating shaft (any rotating shaft connected thereto in actual work can be regarded as the rotating shaft), and the fixed pads 2 are circumferentially and spacedly installed on the thrust disk 1 to form the rotating part of the thrust bearing. The support ring 3 is coaxially arranged with the thrust disk 1, and the tilting pads 4 are circumferentially and spacedly installed on the support ring 3 to form the non-rotating part of the thrust bearing. Among them, the tilting pads 4 installed on the support ring 3 are arranged opposite to the fixed pads 2 installed on the thrust disk 1, and the contact surfaces of the two form the friction working surface of the thrust bearing for bearing the axial force in the water environment. And the grating optical fiber force measuring device 5 circumferentially arranged on the support ring 3 at the bottom of the tilting pad 4 can be used to measure the force state of each tilting pad 4.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 3-4 , the above-mentioned tilting pad 4 is a multi-layer composite structure integrally in a fan shape, circular shape or rectangular shape, and sequentially includes a support layer 41, an elastic layer 42 and a pad seat 43 from bottom to top. A rigid ball head 44 is arranged on one side of the support layer 41 facing away from the elastic layer 42, and a substrate layer 45 and a wear-resistant layer 46 are sequentially arranged on one side of the pad seat 43 facing away from the elastic layer 42.

[0023] Specifically, for installing the substrate layer 45 and the wear-resistant layer 46, a top groove 431 is arranged on the corresponding side of the pad seat 43, and the wear-resistant layer 46 and the substrate layer 45 are connected as a whole and installed in the top groove 431; among them, the substrate layer 45 is installed in the top groove 431, and the wear-resistant layer 46 is located on the side of the substrate layer 45 facing away from the pad seat 43. The wear-resistant layer 46 and the substrate layer 45 can be made of diamond material. Considering the service life, the materials of the substrate layer 45 and the wear-resistant layer 46 can be diamond or other wear-resistant materials, and no specific limitation is made thereto.

[0024] Combined with Figure 5 , the above-mentioned wear-resistant layer 46 is facing the surface of the fixed pad 2 to form a friction pair. Aiming at the problems of heat dissipation and wear debris during friction, a plurality of first deep grooves 461 are arranged on the side of the wear-resistant layer 46 facing away from the substrate layer 45, and both ends of the first deep grooves 461 extend to the opposite sides of the wear-resistant layer 46 respectively, so that cooling water can flow along the first deep grooves 461 to realize heat dissipation and discharge the wear debris on the wear-resistant layer 46.

[0025] Specifically, the number of the first deep grooves 461 can be set as needed. For example, in one embodiment, five first deep grooves 461 can be set, and the five first deep grooves 461 can be set in an arc structure, and the first deep grooves 461 can be controlled to be arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the wear-resistant layer 46, so that the theoretical centers of the first deep grooves 461 remain coincident. When the wear-resistant layer 46 is actually processed, the above-mentioned multiple first deep grooves 461 can be processed on the wear-resistant layer 46 first, and then the processed wear-resistant layer 46 is bonded to the substrate layer 45, so as to avoid the problem of the tilting pad 4 loosening and falling off and the poor deep groove processing effect caused by directly processing the first deep grooves 461 on the wear-resistant layer 46.

[0026] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 The elastic layer 42 is located between the supporting layer 41 and the tile seat 43, and can disperse the pressure and improve the stability and bearing capacity in practical applications.

[0027] In this embodiment, the elastic layer 42 can be configured as a honeycomb structure as a whole, and the honeycomb structure is composed of a plurality of honeycomb units 424. The honeycomb structure has a high strength-to-weight ratio, and when subjected to pressure, it can evenly disperse the force to avoid local stress concentration, thereby effectively improving the bearing capacity of the bearing, and can absorb and attenuate vibration energy.

[0028] In this embodiment, considering the force distribution of each part on the elastic layer 42, the specific size of the above-mentioned multiple honeycomb units 424 can be set according to the force distribution. Specifically, the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 near the middle of the elastic layer 42 can be controlled to be smaller than the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 near the edge of the elastic layer 42, but along the circumferential direction of the support ring 3, the honeycomb units 424 on the same elastic layer 42 can be symmetrically arranged as a whole. In this way, the pressure can be better dispersed, thereby further improving the stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing structure.

[0029] To further adapt to the stress state of the elastic layer 42, in one embodiment, the elastic layer 42 can be divided into a middle area 421, a transition area 422 and an outer edge area 423 from the middle to the two sides. In any of the areas, the apertures of the honeycomb units 424 are the same, but the apertures of the honeycomb units 424 in the middle area 421, the transition area 422 and the outer edge area 423 can be set in increasing order, that is, the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 in the middle area 421 is smaller than the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 in the transition area 422, and the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 in the transition area 422 is smaller than the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 in the outer edge area 423.

[0030] In this way, the elastic layer 42 is integrally divided into three regions, and each region is divided according to the aperture of the honeycomb cells 424 corresponding thereto, so that the multiple honeycomb cells 424 on the elastic layer 42 form a gradient distribution structure form, that is, by means of the middle region 421, the transition region 422 and the outer edge region 423, the honeycomb structure on the elastic layer 42 can form a three-level gradient structure.

[0031] In another embodiment, on the basis of dividing the middle region 421, the transition region 422 and the outer edge region 423, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in different regions can also be specifically defined. Specifically, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the middle region 421, the transition region 422 and the outer edge region 423 can be set to increase sequentially as a whole, that is, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the middle region 421 is less than the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the transition region 422, and the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the transition region 422 is less than the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the outer edge region 423. However, considering that the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 should not be too large, in practical applications, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the middle region 421 can be 0.5-1 mm, the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the transition region 422 can be 1-1.5 mm, and the wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 in the outer edge region 423 can be 1.5-2 mm.

[0032] With the above settings, the aperture and wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the elastic layer 42 can be set to increase sequentially in the order of the middle region 421, the transition region 422 and the outer edge region 423. Specifically, in one embodiment, the aperture and wall thickness of the honeycomb cells 424 on the middle region 421, the transition region 422 and the outer edge region 423 can increase in the form of a geometric progression, and the increasing ratio can be 1.2-1.5.

[0033] In this way, the honeycomb structure on the elastic layer 42 as a whole forms a reliable gradient distribution structure. When it bears pressure, it can not only better disperse the pressure, but also adapt to the stress state of the whole tilting pad 4, thereby enhancing the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, and improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the elastic layer 42 to extend the service life of the bearing.

[0034] However, it should be understood that the overall regional division of the elastic layer 42 is based on the distribution of the honeycomb cells 424 with different apertures; in this embodiment, the elastic layer 42 can be divided into a three-level gradient structure, but more regions can also be divided on the elastic layer 42 when necessary, specifically depending on the application requirements of a specific occasion, and no specific limitation is made thereto.

[0035] Similarly, the increasing ratio of the aperture and wall thickness of the honeycomb unit 424 in each region can be adjusted as needed, and can even be increased in a non-geometric progression. Of course, when necessary, the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 in each region can be controlled to increase, but the wall thickness remains unchanged; or the aperture remains unchanged, but the wall thickness increases.

[0036] In this regard, it should be understood that the specific structural design of the honeycomb structure on the elastic layer 42 depends on the overall stress state of the tilting pad 4 in different situations. The structural design of the honeycomb unit 424 with increasing pore diameter and wall thickness in this embodiment is a better specific implementation form given by the inventor based on multiple experiments.

[0037] See also Figure 3-4 , the support layer 41 is arranged on the side of the elastic layer 42 away from the pad seat 43; and in order to install the rigid ball head 44, a bottom groove is arranged on the side of the support layer 41 away from the elastic layer 42, and the rigid ball head 44 is integrally embedded in the bottom groove and fixed to the support layer 41. In practical applications, the elastic layer 42 and the rigid ball head 44 are integrated on the same tilting pad 4, so that the tilting pad 4 has both vibration reduction and vibration absorption and load balancing functions, and has flexible and adaptive tilt and swing capabilities.

[0038] In this embodiment, a plurality of second deep grooves 441 are provided on the surface of the rigid ball head 44. The second deep grooves 441 can be arranged along the circumference of the rigid ball head 44, and each second deep groove 441 is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rigid ball head 44. In this way, the second deep grooves 441 form an annular groove structure on the rigid ball head 44, which is not only conducive to guiding the orderly flow of cooling water to improve the heat dissipation efficiency, but also can guide the discharge of debris, thereby reducing the temperature and the damage of debris to the rigid ball head 44 and the tilting pad 4 structure, so as to extend the service life of the bearing.

[0039] In one embodiment, the cross section of the second deep groove 441 can be set to a rectangular or trapezoidal structure; when it is a trapezoidal structure, the groove bottom width can be 0.5-1mm, and the groove width can be 1-1.5mm. Of course, it should be understood that the specific shape and size of the second deep groove 441 can be flexibly designed as needed, provided that the cooling water flow and debris discharge functions are met.

[0040] See also Figure 6-7 In order to solve the heat dissipation and vibration problems of the elastic layer 42 during operation, a temperature sensor 6 and a vibration sensor 7 are also provided on the elastic layer 42. The temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7 cooperate with the matching control module to monitor the temperature and vibration of the elastic layer 42 in real time, so as to understand the service status of the elastic layer 42.

[0041] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 6 can be a fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 6, and the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 6 can be arranged at the connection between the elastic layer 42 and the tile seat 43. Specifically, three or more temperature sensors 6 can be provided; in order to install each temperature sensor 6, a groove is reserved on the side of the elastic layer 42 close to the tile seat 43, and the groove can be located at the position corresponding to the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42; during actual installation, each temperature sensor 6 can be horizontally installed in the groove in sequence.

[0042] It should be understood that the temperature conditions at different positions on the elastic layer 42 are different, and the position corresponding to the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42 is a high heat conduction area. Setting the temperature sensor 6 here is conducive to the temperature sensor 6 accurately measuring the temperature in the temperature concentration area of the elastic layer 42.

[0043] The above-mentioned vibration sensor 7 can be a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor 7, which can be arranged in the honeycomb unit 424 on the elastic layer 42. Specifically, three or more vibration sensors 7 can also be provided, and each vibration sensor 7 can be fixed on the side wall of the honeycomb unit 424, and each vibration sensor 7 can be distributed in a spiral shape.

[0044] It can be understood that the vibration conditions in different areas on the elastic layer 42 are also different, and the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42 is an area where the vibration energy is relatively concentrated. Therefore, each vibration sensor 7 is preferably arranged in the honeycomb unit 424 on the middle area 421 to facilitate the vibration sensor 7 to accurately measure the vibration condition of the elastic layer 42. At the same time, each vibration sensor 7 is distributed in a spiral shape on the elastic layer 42, and the pitch of the spiral structure formed by it can be set to 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 of the aperture of the honeycomb unit 424 on the middle area 421, and no specific limitation is made on this.

[0045] It should be noted that since the water-lubricated thrust bearing works in a water environment, a protective layer (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the surfaces of the above-mentioned temperature sensor 6 and vibration sensor 7. The protective layer can be a polyimide protective layer or other coatings with waterproof and anti-corrosion functions, and no specific limitation is made on this.

[0046] At the same time, the above-mentioned temperature sensor 6 can be adhesively fixed in the corresponding groove on the elastic layer 42 through a high-temperature resistant resin ceramic adhesive to prevent the adhesive from failing due to high temperature, and further prevent the temperature sensor 6 from falling off the elastic layer 42. Similarly, the above-mentioned vibration sensor 7 can be adhesively fixed on the side wall of the corresponding honeycomb unit 424 through a high-viscosity modified epoxy resin to prevent the vibration sensor 7 from falling off due to the high-speed scouring of the cooling water flow.

[0047] For the area of the installation environment of the temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7, different methods are adopted to install the temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7 to ensure their stable operation. Of course, it can be understood that on the basis of ensuring the installation and working stability of the temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7, the above-mentioned adhesives (referring to high-temperature-resistant resin ceramic glue and high-viscosity modified epoxy resin) can also use other adhesives with waterproof and anti-corrosion functions, and no specific limitation is made thereto.

[0048] It should be noted that in the water-lubricated thrust bearing provided in this embodiment, the above-mentioned thrust disk 1, several fixed pads 2, support ring 3, and grating fiber force measuring device 5 can all adopt the existing components in the related technology, and they are not the focus of this embodiment, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0049] For a better understanding of the present invention, the following combines Figure 1-7 to elaborate on the technical solution of this embodiment in detail: By setting the elastic layer 42 on the tilting pad 4 into a honeycomb structure and controlling the aperture and wall thickness of multiple honeycomb units 424 to be set in an increasing manner, a three-level gradient distribution structure is formed on the elastic layer 42 of the tilting pad 4, so that the elastic layer 42 can not only better disperse the pressure, but also adapt to the overall stress state of the tilting pad 4, thereby enhancing the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the bearing, and improving the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the elastic layer 42 to extend the service life of the bearing.

[0050] At the same time, a plurality of first deep grooves 461 are provided on the wear-resistant layer 46, and a plurality of second deep grooves 441 are provided on the rigid ball head 44, so that the cooling water can flow along the first deep grooves 461 and the second deep grooves 441, which can not only improve the heat dissipation effect, but also help to discharge the possible debris.

[0051] Finally, the temperature sensor 6 and the vibration sensor 7 are respectively set at reasonable positions on the elastic layer 42, which can accurately measure the temperature and vibration conditions of the elastic layer 42, so as to understand the service condition of the elastic layer 42, thereby indirectly ensuring that the water-lubricated thrust bearing can work normally and extending its service life.

[0052] Embodiment 2: Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 which is a schematic flow chart of a performance monitoring method for a thrust bearing in an embodiment of the present invention, and it includes the following steps: S1. Install the water-lubricated thrust bearing on the test rotating shaft.

[0053] S2. Start the test rotating shaft and introduce cooling water into the water-lubricated thrust bearing for lubrication and cooling.

[0054] After the installation of the water-lubricated thrust bearing is completed, the rotating shaft is connected to the thrust disk 1 on the water-lubricated thrust bearing, so that the rotating shaft can drive the thrust disk 1 and several fixed pads 2 thereon to rotate. At the same time, the support ring 3 and a plurality of tilting pads 4 installed on the support ring 3 form the non-rotating part of the water-lubricated thrust bearing. After cooling water is introduced into the water-lubricated thrust bearing, the contact surface between the fixed pad 2 and the tilting pad 4 can be cooled and lubricated by the cooling water, so as to bear the axial force in the water environment.

[0055] S3. Measure the effective vibration velocity v, the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42, and the temperature gradient t2 of the elastic layer 42 through the temperature measuring sensor 6 and the vibration measuring sensor 7.

[0056] S4. Evaluate the working performance of the elastic layer 42 in the water-lubricated thrust bearing according to the measured data.

[0057] In practical applications, both the temperature measuring sensor 6 and the vibration measuring sensor 7 are arranged in the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42, and the middle area 421 on the elastic layer 42 constitutes the high heat conduction area and the vibration energy concentration area on the elastic layer 42. Therefore, the temperature measuring sensor 6 and the vibration measuring sensor 7 can accurately measure the temperature and vibration conditions on the elastic layer 42.

[0058] Specifically, after obtaining the above measurement data (effective vibration velocity v, surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42, temperature gradient t2), the evaluation principle of the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is as follows: If the vibration velocity v ≤ 1.5 mm / s, 30°C ≤ the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42 ≤ 50°C, and the temperature gradient t2 ≤ 10°C, it indicates that the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is excellent; If 1.5 mm / s ≤ the vibration velocity v ≤ 2.0 mm / s, 50°C ≤ the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42 ≤ 60°C, and 10°C ≤ the temperature gradient t2 ≤ 15°C, it indicates that the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is good; If the vibration velocity v ≥ 2.0 mm / s, the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer 42 ≥ 60°C, and the temperature gradient t2 ≥ 15°C, it indicates that the working performance of the elastic layer 42 is poor.

[0059] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0061] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and deformations made according to the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-lubricated thrust bearing, including tilting pads, characterized in that, The tilting pad includes a pad seat and an elastic layer, and the elastic layer has a honeycomb structure; the honeycomb structure includes a plurality of honeycomb cells, and the aperture of the honeycomb cells near the middle of the elastic layer is smaller than that of the honeycomb cells near the edge of the elastic layer.

2. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein The elastic layer at least sequentially includes a middle region, a transition region, and an outer edge region from the middle to both sides thereof. The apertures of the plurality of honeycomb cells in any one of the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region are the same, and the apertures of the honeycomb cells in the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region increase sequentially.

3. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 2, wherein, The apertures and / or wall thicknesses of the honeycomb cells in the middle region, the transition region, and the outer edge region increase in a geometric progression, and the increasing ratio is 1.2 - 1.

5.

4. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein A wear-resistant layer is provided on one side of the pad seat, and a plurality of first deep grooves are provided on the side of the wear-resistant layer facing away from the elastic layer. The two ends of each first deep groove extend to the opposite sides of the wear-resistant layer respectively.

5. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 4, wherein, The plurality of first deep grooves are all arc-shaped structures, and the centers of the plurality of first deep grooves coincide.

6. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein A rigid ball head is provided on one side of the pad seat, and a plurality of second deep grooves are provided on the surface of the rigid ball head along its circumferential direction. The plurality of second deep grooves are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rigid ball head.

7. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein, A temperature measurement sensor is provided at the connection between the pad seat and the elastic layer, and the temperature measurement sensor is located in the groove of the honeycomb cell corresponding to the middle region on the elastic layer.

8. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 7, wherein, A plurality of vibration measurement sensors are further provided on the elastic layer. The plurality of vibration measurement sensors are located on the side walls of the honeycomb cells, and the plurality of vibration measurement sensors are arranged in a spiral shape on the elastic layer.

9. The water-lubricated thrust bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Protective layers are coated on the surfaces of the temperature measurement sensor and the vibration measurement sensors.

10. A performance monitoring method for a water-lubricated thrust bearing, which is applied to the water-lubricated thrust bearing described in any one of claims 1-9, and is characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Install the water-lubricated thrust bearing on the test rotating shaft; S2. Start the test rotating shaft and introduce cooling water into the water-lubricated thrust bearing for lubrication and cooling; S3. Measure the effective vibration velocity v of the elastic layer, the surface temperature t1 of the elastic layer, and the temperature gradient t2 through the temperature measurement sensor and the vibration measurement sensors; S4. Evaluate the working performance of the elastic layer in the water-lubricated thrust bearing according to the measured data.

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