A pull-out mechanism and a pull-out device

Abstract

This invention discloses a pull-out mechanism and a pull-out device, belonging to the field of vehicle engineering technology. The pull-out mechanism includes a swing rod, a guide mechanism, and an energy storage and reset mechanism. The swing rod rotates horizontally via a rotating shaft and includes a first end and a second end, with a pull rope connected to the first end. The guide mechanism includes a guide portion for guiding the pull rope. The energy storage and reset mechanism includes an elastic component. The pull-out device includes a mounting platform and a pull-out mechanism. The swing rod and guide portion enable the pull rope to pull the object to be pulled along a preset movement trajectory. Utilizing the instantaneous release of energy stored in the elastic component, the object to be pulled can be quickly pulled. The lever principle increases the extension and retraction stroke, ensuring that the object to be pulled completely leaves the area to be removed. This invention can be widely applied in various situations requiring pull-out, especially in the application of the whole vehicle drop method where the support block is removed from the wheel travel trajectory area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle engineering technology, and in particular to a pull-out mechanism and a pull-out device. Background Technology

[0002] Air suspension, an advanced suspension technology that uses air springs as elastic elements to achieve vibration reduction, is increasingly widely used in the field of cargo vehicles. According to safety requirements, vehicles equipped with air suspension must achieve a vibration reduction effect of no less than 75%, which necessitates detailed testing of the air suspension's performance.

[0003] Common testing methods include bench testing and vehicle testing. Bench testing, conducted in a laboratory environment, simulates actual roads on a test bench to test the dynamic and static stiffness and damping characteristics of the air suspension. This method can evaluate the static characteristics of the air suspension under different load conditions, providing a foundation for subsequent dynamic testing and comprehensive performance evaluation. However, this method can only test the air suspension itself, and cannot test the actual performance of the air suspension after it is installed in the vehicle. Vehicle testing uses the entire vehicle as the test object, and can test the vibration reduction effect of the air suspension system at the vehicle level. Vehicle testing is further divided into real-vehicle road testing and vehicle drop testing. The former tests the dynamic performance of the air suspension during actual road driving, and this data can be understood as the performance performance in real driving. However, the biggest limitation of this method is that the performance of each test is only for specific operating conditions, and the operating conditions of the test process cannot cover the actual use conditions, thus leading to a difference between the test results and the actual use effect. The whole vehicle drop test measures the acceleration of free fall vibration, which can obtain structural characteristic parameters such as the natural frequency and damping ratio of the suspension system. Since the test data are the inherent characteristics of the system structure or properties, they have good reference value under appropriate test conditions and benchmarks.

[0004] The current whole-vehicle drop test method mainly involves lifting the vehicle onto a test platform equipped with a lifting device, and then lowering the test platform at a speed much greater than the acceleration due to gravity to detach it from the wheels. Once the vehicle falls freely and comes into contact with the test platform, it generates vibrations, and the performance parameters of the suspension system can be obtained through monitoring instruments. However, in actual use, it has been found that the test platform itself will vibrate after reaching the preset position during high-speed drop, which in turn interferes with the test results and cannot simulate the actual shock absorption performance of the vehicle's suspension system on the road.

[0005] To address this, the inventors proposed a method using support blocks to enable vehicles to freely fall onto a real road surface. The support surface of the support blocks is a slope. After the vehicle's wheels drive onto the support blocks, the vehicle will lift off the ground. Then, under its own weight, the vehicle will slide freely down the slope. Once the wheels leave the support blocks, the vehicle can fall freely onto the road surface. Since there is no additional vibration on the road surface, there will be no additional impact. At the same time, by directly using a real road surface, the shock absorption performance of the air rotation obtained is the performance of the real road condition. To prevent the vehicle from contacting the support block again after freefall, the support block needs to be pulled out from under the vehicle promptly after the wheel separates from it and while the vehicle remains stationary on the test surface. However, manually performing this task presents several problems: firstly, the support block has a certain weight (typically 10kg-20kg), increasing the workload of the test personnel during repeated tests; secondly, improper operation poses certain risks (e.g., applying too much force too early or too late, resulting in sprains, strains, or falls); and thirdly, if the support block is not pulled out within the effective time (the vehicle's fall time is usually between 1 and 2 seconds), and the wheel contacts it upon landing, the test will fail, requiring a restart and increasing time costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pull-out device that can automatically and quickly remove the support block. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the aforementioned technical problems by providing a pull-out mechanism and device. This mechanism utilizes a swing rod and a guide to allow the pull rope to drag the object along a pre-set trajectory. Leveraging the energy storage and instantaneous release characteristic of elastic components, the object can be pulled quickly. The lever principle increases the extension and retraction stroke, ensuring the object is completely removed from the designated area. This invention can be widely applied in various situations requiring pull-out, especially in the application of the whole-vehicle drop method where the support block is removed from the wheel's trajectory area. It amplifies the extension and retraction stroke of the pull rope, replacing manual pulling, particularly in the application of the whole-vehicle drop method where the support block is removed from the wheel's trajectory area.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a pull-out mechanism, comprising:

[0008] A swing rod is provided, which can rotate horizontally via a vertically arranged rotating shaft. The swing rod includes a first end and a second end. The first end is at a first distance from the rotating shaft, and the second end is at a second distance from the rotating shaft. The first distance is greater than the second distance. A pull rope is connected to the first end, and the pull rope is used to connect to the object to be pulled.

[0009] A guiding mechanism, comprising a guiding part for guiding the pulling rope, such that the extension direction of the pulling rope between the guiding part and the object to be pulled is parallel to the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled;

[0010] And an energy storage and reset mechanism, the energy storage and reset mechanism including an elastic member for maintaining the second end in the original position, the axis of the swing rod intersecting the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled when the second end is in the original position.

[0011] Preferably, the energy storage and reset mechanism further includes a horizontally suspended guide rod, which is stationary relative to the rotation axis. The axis of the guide rod is parallel to the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled out, and each end of the guide rod is provided with a limiting block. A strip-shaped hole is provided on the second end, which extends along the axial direction of the swing rod and is sleeved on the guide rod. The elastic member includes a reset spring sleeved on the guide rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the limiting block, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the second end.

[0012] Preferably, the length ratio of the first distance to the second distance is 5:1.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the strip hole is greater than the reference length, where the reference length = second distance length - second distance length × cos30°.

[0014] Preferably, the guide part is a guide wheel.

[0015] A pull-out device is also disclosed, including an installation platform and a pull-out mechanism installed on the installation platform.

[0016] Preferably, the mounting platform is provided with drive wheels and a limiting mechanism; the drive wheels include a driven rear wheel and a driving front wheel for steering, the driving front wheel and the driven rear wheel are respectively located at both ends of the mounting platform, the guide rod of the pull-out mechanism is located at the end of the mounting platform where the driven rear wheel is located, the axis of the guide rod is parallel to the wheel axle of the driven rear wheel, and the first end of the swing rod of the pull-out mechanism is close to the end of the mounting platform where the driving front wheel is located; the limiting mechanism includes a positioning plate and a lifting device for driving the positioning plate to rise and fall, the positioning plate has a friction plate surface for contacting the ground.

[0017] Preferably, the lifting device is a vertically arranged electric telescopic cylinder, the cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting platform, and the piston rod of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning plate.

[0018] Preferably, the installation platform has an operating handle at one end of the driven rear wheel, and the operating handle has a positioning switch, a left acceleration button and a right acceleration button. The positioning switch is electrically connected to the lifting device. The driving front wheel includes a left front wheel and a right front wheel. The left front wheel is driven by a left motor and the right front wheel is driven by a right motor. Both the left motor and the right motor are equipped with a motor controller and a motor encoder. The left acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the left motor and the right acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the right motor.

[0019] Preferably, the mounting platform has a mounting cavity, and a storage battery is installed in the mounting cavity. The drive front wheel, the lifting device, the positioning switch, the left acceleration button, and the right acceleration button are all electrically connected to the storage battery.

[0020] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0021] In this invention, a horizontally swinging lever and a guide part for guiding the traction rope are used to enable the traction rope to pull the object to be pulled along a preset movement trajectory. Utilizing the instantaneous release of energy stored in the elastic component, a certain pulling force can be applied to the object to be pulled in a short time, thereby quickly pulling the object. By utilizing the characteristic that the first distance of the swing lever is greater than the second distance to form a lever principle, the extension and retraction stroke of the traction rope is amplified, allowing the object to be pulled to completely detach from the area to be detached. This invention can be widely applied in various situations requiring detachment, replacing manual detachment, such as in the whole vehicle dropping method where the wheel detaches from the support block, quickly pulling the support block out of the wheel's travel trajectory area. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained by analyzing these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the pull-out device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the pull-out device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the pull-out device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a side view of the pull-out device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the energy storage reset mechanism;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the formal structure of the pull-out device (before positioning) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the formal structure of the pull-out device (after positioning) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the pull-out device (before positioning) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the pull-out device (before positioning) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the pull-out device (after energy storage) in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a top view of the pull-out device (after energy storage) in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working process of the pull-out device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-axle wheel support kit;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage of a multi-axle wheel support kit.

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the support block.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Guide rod; 2. Swing rod; 3. Pull rope; 4. Guide wheel; 5. Strip hole; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Return spring; 8. Limit block; 9. Mounting platform; 10. Driven front wheel; 11. Driven rear wheel; 12. Positioning plate; 13. Electric telescopic cylinder; 14. Operating handle; 15. Positioning switch; 16. Left acceleration button; 17. Right acceleration button; 18. Battery; 19. Guide block; 20. Support block; 21. Transition block; 22. Handle; 23. Vehicle. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments analyzed and obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pull-out mechanism and device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It utilizes a horizontally swinging rod and a guide part to guide the traction rope, enabling the traction rope to pull the object to be pulled along a preset movement trajectory. Taking advantage of the instantaneous release of energy stored in the elastic component, a certain pulling force can be applied to the object to be pulled in a short time, thereby quickly pulling the object. The lever principle is formed by utilizing the characteristic that the first distance of the swing rod is greater than the second distance, amplifying the extension and retraction stroke of the traction rope, allowing the object to be pulled to completely detach from the area it should detach from. It can be widely applied in various situations requiring pulling out, replacing manual pulling, such as in the whole vehicle dropping method where the wheel detaches from the support block, quickly pulling the support block out of the wheel's travel trajectory area.

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a pull-out mechanism, including a swing rod 2, a guide mechanism, and an energy storage and reset mechanism. The swing rod 2 can rotate horizontally via a vertically arranged rotating shaft 6. The swing rod 2 includes a first end and a second end. The first end has a first distance from the rotating shaft 6, and the second end has a second distance from the rotating shaft 6. The first distance is greater than the second distance, so that when the swing rod 2 rotates at a certain angle, the movement distance of the first end is greater than the movement distance of the second end. A pull rope 3 is connected to the first end, and the pull rope 3 is used to connect with the object to be pulled out (such as...). Figure 13 and Figure 14 The support block 20 is connected to the guide mechanism. The guide part guides the pull rope 3 so that the extension direction of the pull rope 3 between the guide part and the object to be pulled (such as the support block 20) ​​is parallel to the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled, so that the pulling force direction of the pull rope 3 on the object to be pulled is the same as the movement direction of the object to be pulled. The energy storage and reset mechanism includes an elastic member to keep the second end in the original position. When the second end is in the original position, the axis of the swing rod 2 intersects the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled, that is, there is an angle between the axis of the swing rod 2 and the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled, preferably a 90° angle, but acute and obtuse angles are not excluded.

[0044] Working principle:

[0045] First, pull the traction rope 3, causing the first end of the swing rod 2 to rotate towards the object to be pulled and the second end to rotate away from the object. The elastic component of the energy storage and reset mechanism stores energy (either compressed or stretched to accumulate elastic potential energy). Then, connect the traction rope 3 to the locked object to be pulled. The connection includes, but is not limited to, binding, tying, or using other components. The locking method of the object to be pulled includes, but is not limited to, pressing down with a heavy object or locking with a locking component. Then, unlock the object to be pulled. The elastic component releases its elastic potential energy, causing the second end to quickly rotate back to its original position. The first end also quickly rotates back to its original position, thus quickly pulling the object to be pulled. Because the first distance between the first segment and the rotating shaft 6 is greater than the second distance between the second end and the rotating shaft 6, the distance the first end moves (refer to...) Figure 14 The distance moved from A1 to A0 in the middle must be greater than the distance moved at the second end (refer to...). Figure 14 The movement distance from B1 to B0 in the figure is equivalent to the first end amplifying the movement distance of the second end. On the one hand, it can ensure that the object to be pulled has enough movement distance to leave the area to be left. On the other hand, the elastic component drives the second end to reset a small distance, which can ensure that the second end resets quickly. Correspondingly, the first end will also reset quickly, which means that the object to be pulled will quickly leave the area to be left.

[0046] by Figure 13 and Figure 14 Taking the multi-axle wheel support kit shown as an example, the usage process of this pull-out mechanism in the whole vehicle drop test of vehicle 23 is given:

[0047] First, position the two sets of multi-axle wheel support kits corresponding to the left and right wheels of the dual axle group of vehicle 23. Then, drive the wheels of the dual axle group of vehicle 23 to pass through guide block 19, support block 20, transition block 21 and support block 20 in sequence. Finally, the first two wheels on the left side of the dual axle group press on the front support block 20, and the last two wheels press on the rear support block 20. The right wheel of the dual axle group is the same as the left side, pressing on the front and rear support blocks 20 respectively. Position vehicle 23, and then remove guide block 19 and transition block 21.

[0048] Then, the pull mechanism is set on the side of the vehicle 23 and placed in a suitable position. At this time, the end of the pull rope 3 that is connected to the support block 20 corresponds to the position of the handle 22 of the support block 20. Then, pull the pull rope 3 to tie it to the handle 22 and tighten it. At this time, the swing rod 2 deflects as a whole, and the elastic component is in a state of energy storage and ready to be released.

[0049] Finally, the vehicle 23 is released from its positioning. Under the action of gravity, the wheels of the vehicle 23 leave the support block 20. At the moment of leaving the support block 20, the pressure of the vehicle 23 on the support block 20 is released, the friction between the support block 20 and the ground decreases rapidly, the stored energy of the elastic component is released, the swing rod 2 quickly resets, and the support block 20 is quickly pulled out of the wheel track area by the pull rope 3, thus completing the pulling of the support block 20.

[0050] In one embodiment, the energy storage and reset mechanism further includes a guide rod 1, which is horizontally suspended. The guide rod 1 remains relatively stationary with respect to the rotating shaft 6. The axis of the guide rod 1 is parallel to the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled. A limiting block 8 is provided at the end of the guide rod 1. A strip-shaped hole 5 is provided at the second end, extending axially along the swing rod 2. The strip-shaped hole 5 is fitted onto the guide rod 1 so that the swing rod 2 can move relative to the guide rod 1. The elastic component includes a reset spring 7, which is fitted onto the guide rod 1. One end of the reset spring 7 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 8, and the other end of the reset spring 7 is fixedly connected to the second end. When the reset spring 7 is compressed or stretched, it can store elastic potential energy. When the reset spring 7 is reset, it can drive the swing rod 2 to reset. Specifically, one or two return springs 7 can be provided. When there is one return spring 7, it can be located on either side of the swing rod 2. When the return spring 7 is located on the side of the swing rod 2 closer to the object to be pulled, and the pull rope 3 is connected to the object, the return spring 7 is under tension and stores energy. When the return spring 7 is located on the side of the swing rod 2 away from the object to be pulled, and the pull rope 3 is connected to the object, the return spring 7 is under compression and stores energy. When there are two return springs 7, they are located on both sides of the swing rod 2. When the pull rope 3 is connected to the object, the return spring 7 closer to the object is under tension and stores energy under compression. The guide rod 1 can guide the energy storage and release of the return spring 7.

[0051] In one embodiment, the length ratio of the first distance and the second distance is 5:1, that is, if the second end moves a distance L, then the first end moves 5L. Of course, this parameter is a preferred parameter and can be adjusted accordingly.

[0052] In one embodiment, the length of the strip hole 5 is greater than the reference length, where the reference length = second distance length - second distance length × cos30°.

[0053] In one embodiment, the guide part is a guide wheel 4, and the pull rope 3 is guided through the groove of the guide wheel 4. Preferably, the groove of the guide wheel 4 is V-shaped. Compared to other guiding methods, the guide wheel 4 generates less friction. Other guiding methods include cylinders, arc-shaped protrusions, or arc-shaped guide channels.

[0054] In one embodiment, the guide wheel 4 can be located beside the swing rod 2. The projection of the guide wheel 4 onto the plane of the swing rod 2 is located between the first end and the second end, thus forming a triangle with the guide wheel 4, the first end, and the second end. Preferably, the projection of the guide wheel 4 is located between the first end and the rotating shaft 6, in which case the guide wheel 4, the first end, and the second end form an acute triangle. Of course, the guide wheel 4 can also be located away from the swing rod 2 and close to the first end, that is, the projection of the guide wheel 4 onto the plane of the swing rod 2 is not on the swing rod 2, but close to the first end. In this case, the guide wheel 4, the first end, and the second end also form a triangle, but it is an obtuse triangle.

[0055] In one embodiment, when the object to be pulled out is a support block 20, since the support block 20 used for testing is usually a wooden trapezoidal prism block with a length (L) of 710 mm, a height (H1) of 80 mm on one side, a height (H2) of 114 mm on the other side, and a width (W) of 300 mm, the volume of the support block 20 is 20448 cm³. 3 With a density of 0.68 g / cm³ 3 Taking this as an example, the overall weight is 13.9kg. Accordingly, the design of this pull-out mechanism needs to meet the following parameters: the length of the swing rod 2 is 720mm, the lever ratio is 5:1 (first distance and second distance), the length of the strip hole 5 is 40mm; the diameter of the guide rod 1 is 10mm; two return springs 7 are provided, each with a total length of 300mm, a coil diameter of 35mm, and a spring constant of 20000N / m.

[0056] Parameters of the return spring:

[0057] The parameter design process is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, when the swing rod 2 returns to its initial position A0, B0 from its final position A1, B1, the elastic force of the return spring 7 during the movement applies a pulling force to the support block 20 through the swing rod 2 and the guide wheel 4, causing it to first overcome friction and accelerate. After the swing rod 2 moves to the position A0, B0 and the return spring 7 no longer outputs elastic force, the support block 20 decelerates under the action of friction. Assuming there is no friction between the swing rod 2 and the pulling rope 3, according to the law of conservation of energy, the spring potential energy is equal to the energy of the work done by the friction of the slider. The coefficient of friction between the wooden block and the cement or asphalt road surface is between 0.4 and 0.6. Considering that the friction between the support block 20 and the ground should not be too small, we calculate it according to 0.6. The 13.9kg support block 20 slides 900mm (in reality, about 600mm of sliding is enough to ensure that the support block 20 leaves the wheel's travel trajectory area, but considering that the subsequent deceleration process of the support block 20 is relatively slow, and the test requires it to be pulled out in the shortest possible time, a relatively large value is taken). The work done by friction is W=μF. N×d=0.6×13.9×9.8×0.9=74J (When actually setting the height of the swing rod 2, it may be slightly larger than the height of the handle 22 of the support block 20, so that the pulling force will generate a vertically upward component, making the work done by friction much less than this value). The work done by friction is equal to the elastic potential energy U×4 of the return spring 7 (two return springs 7 are set, where the potential energy of the compression-stored return spring 7 and the potential energy of the tension-stored return spring 7 are equal), U=1 / 2kx 2 Therefore, kx 2 =74J, calculated based on a spring constant of 20000N / m, the tensile or compressive stroke of the return spring 7 should reach 60mm. Assuming that the angle between A1, B1 and A0, B0 is 30° when the tensile or compressive stroke reaches 60mm, and the length of the swing rod 2 is 720mm, then with the pivot point as the center, the lever ratio is 5:1. Therefore, the total length of the return spring 7 should be 300mm, and the compression or tensile amount is 20%, which does not exceed the elastic deformation range of the spring.

[0058] Since the swing rod 2 rotates around the rotation axis 6, the strip hole 5 designed between the swing rod 2 and the guide rod 1 needs to have sufficient space for movement. (Refer to...) Figure 8 and Figure 12 As shown, through trigonometric calculations, the length of the strip hole 5 should be greater than the reference length, which is 120mm - 120mm × cos30° = 16mm. Accordingly, the coil diameter of the return spring 7 should be greater than 16mm. Considering the diameter of the guide rod 1, the length of the strip hole 5 is designed to be 40mm, the diameter of the guide rod 1 is 10mm, and the coil diameter of the return spring 7 is 35mm.

[0059] The return spring 7 is a helical spring with a spring constant of 20000N / m. When the compression is 60mm, the elastic force is F=kx=1200N. The total elastic force of the two return springs 7 is 2400N. Since the leverage ratio is 5:1, the traction force of the pulling rope 3 is 12000N, which is within the acceptable range for adults.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a pull-out device, including a mounting platform 9 and the pull-out mechanism from Embodiment 1. The pull-out mechanism is mounted on the mounting platform 9. The pull-out mechanism is integrated into the mounting platform 9, facilitating the installation of the pull-out device at a preset position. The mounting platform 9 must be relatively stationary relative to the road surface. In use, the mounting platform 9 is pre-positioned at a preset position, such as beside the support block 20, before use.

[0062] In one embodiment, the rotating shaft 6 is perpendicular to the bearing surface of the mounting platform 9. The rotating shaft 6 can be fixedly or rotatably connected to the mounting platform 9. When the rotating shaft 6 is fixed to the mounting platform 9, a rotating hole needs to be opened on the swing rod 2. The rotating hole is fitted onto the rotating shaft 6 to achieve rotation. Of course, the rotating hole and the rotating shaft 6 can be connected by a bearing or a rotating sleeve to reduce the friction between the swing rod 2 and the rotating shaft 6. When the rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the mounting platform 9, the swing rod 2 is fixed to the rotating shaft 6. If a mounting hole is opened on the swing rod 2, the mounting hole is fitted onto the rotating shaft 6. The mounting hole and the rotating shaft 6 are fixedly connected, such as by glue or by bolts. The rotatable connection between the rotating shaft 6 and the mounting platform 9 can be achieved by pre-setting a rotating base on the mounting platform 9. The rotating base has a rotating groove, and the rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the rotating groove by a bearing.

[0063] In one embodiment, the guide rod 1 can be fixed to the mounting platform 9 by the limiting blocks 8 at both ends, and can be set up horizontally in the air.

[0064] In one embodiment, the mounting platform 9 is provided with drive wheels and a limiting mechanism. The drive wheels include a driven rear wheel 11 and a driving front wheel 10. The driving front wheel 10 is used for steering, so that the mounting platform 9 becomes a movable platform, facilitating the transfer of the mounting platform 9 with the pull-out mechanism. The driving front wheel 10 is installed at one end of the mounting platform 9, which is the front end in the forward direction. The driven rear wheel 11 is installed at the other end of the mounting platform 9, which is the rear end in the forward direction. By manipulating the driving front wheel 10, the forward movement and steering of the mounting platform 9 can be achieved. The guide rod 1 of the pull-out mechanism is located at the rear end of the mounting platform 9, that is, at the end where the driven rear wheel 11 is located. The axis of the guide rod 1 is parallel to the axle of the driven rear wheel 11. The first end of the swing rod 2 of the pull-out mechanism is close to the front end of the mounting platform 9, that is, at the end where the driving front wheel 10 is located. The limiting mechanism includes a positioning plate 12 and a lifting device. The positioning plate 12 has a friction plate surface for contacting the ground. The lifting device can drive the positioning plate 12 to rise and fall, realizing the contact and disengagement of the friction plate surface with the ground. When the friction plate surface of the positioning plate 12 is in contact with the ground, it can improve the stability of the installation platform 9 relative to the ground and prevent the installation platform 9 itself from shifting when pulling the object to be pulled. The forward and steering methods of the active front wheel 10 can refer to existing technologies, including but not limited to the active front wheel 10 being a rotatable steering wheel with an independent drive device, or a directional wheel with an independent drive device but not rotatable, achieving rotation through the speed difference between the left and right directional wheels. It is recommended that both the active front wheel 10 and the driven rear wheel 11 be directional wheels, i.e., wheels that travel in a straight line, so as to utilize the friction between the wheels and the ground to improve the relative stability of the installation platform 9 relative to the ground. The control method includes, but is not limited to, remote control or installing a controller on the installation platform 9.

[0065] In one embodiment, the lifting device is a vertically arranged electric telescopic cylinder 13. The cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the mounting platform 9, and the piston rod of the electric telescopic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 12. The extension and retraction of the piston rod can realize the lifting and lowering of the positioning plate 12. Alternatively, a hydraulic telescopic cylinder or a pneumatic telescopic cylinder can be used instead of an electric telescopic cylinder. In addition, the lifting device can also be a scissor-type lifting mechanism.

[0066] In one embodiment, the rear end of the mounting platform 9, i.e. the end where the driven rear wheel 11 is located, is provided with an operating handle 14, which is provided with a positioning switch 15, a left acceleration button 16 and a right acceleration button 17.

[0067] Positioning switch 15 is electrically connected to the lifting device. Pressing positioning switch 15 lowers the positioning plate 12, and pressing positioning switch 15 again raises the positioning plate 12. The driving front wheel 10 includes a left front wheel and a right front wheel. The left front wheel, right front wheel, and driven rear wheel 11 are all directional wheels. The left front wheel is driven by a left motor, and the right front wheel is driven by a right motor. Both the left and right motors are equipped with motor controllers and motor encoders. The motor encoder is used to detect the rotation angle of the motor's output shaft, and the motor controller is used to control the motor's start and speed. The motor controller is electrically connected to the motor encoder and receives signals from the motor encoder. The left acceleration button 16 is electrically connected to the motor controller of the left motor, and the right acceleration button 17 is electrically connected to the motor controller of the right motor. After the positioning plate 12 is lifted off the ground, the mounting platform 9 is pushed forward by operating the handle 14, causing the active front wheel 10 and driven rear wheel 11 to move forward, giving them an initial speed. The left and right front wheels of the active front wheel 10 drive the motor shafts of the left and right motors to rotate, which is detected by their respective motor encoders. Then, the motor controller receives the angle signal detected by the motor encoder and controls the left and right motors to start, driving the left and right front wheels to rotate at a constant speed, assisting the mounting platform 9 to move forward. Pressing the left acceleration button 16 causes the left motor controller to drive the left motor shaft to accelerate, thus accelerating the left front wheel and achieving a right turn. Pressing the right acceleration button 17 accelerates the right front wheel, thus achieving a left turn. Typically, the left acceleration button 16 is located on the left side of the handrail 14 for easy access with the left hand, and the right acceleration button 17 is located on the right side of the handrail 14 for easy access with the right hand. Since the left and right acceleration buttons 16 and 17 correspond to opposite directions of steering, operators can easily familiarize themselves with their relationship to the steering. Alternatively, to align with human intuition, the left acceleration button 16 can be located on the right side of the handrail 14 for easy access with the right hand, and the right acceleration button 17 on the left side for easy access with the left hand. In this case, pressing the button with the left hand steering left, and pressing it with the right hand steering right. When the handrail 14 is pulled to stop the trolley's movement, the motor encoder detects this signal, and the motor controller drives the left and right motors to stop rotating.

[0068] In one embodiment, the mounting platform 9 has a mounting cavity containing a battery 18. The drive front wheel 10, lifting device, positioning switch 15, left acceleration button 16, and right acceleration button 17 are all electrically connected to the battery 18. The battery 18 provides power and also increases the weight of the mounting platform 9. Preferably, four batteries 18 are provided, located at the four corners of the mounting cavity.

[0069] In one embodiment, in addition to being able to move the pull-out mechanism, the installation platform 9 can also place the object to be pulled out on the installation platform 9, and transfer the object to be pulled out, such as transporting the entire multi-axle wheel support kit from the storage room to the test site, and transporting it back to the storage room. Compared with manual pulling out, this greatly reduces the labor intensity and the dangers of manual handling.

[0070] Mounting platform 9 is designed according to the dimensions of the multi-axle wheel support kit: a rectangular platform is selected for mounting platform 9. The length of mounting platform 9 (from front to rear) should be greater than the width of the two support blocks 20 and the distance between them, therefore the length is 700mm; the width of mounting platform 9 should be greater than the length of support block 20. Since the length W of support block 20 is 710mm, the length of mounting platform 9 is 850mm. The weight of a single support block 20 is approximately 13.9kg, calculated as 15kg. Considering two support blocks 20, two transition blocks 21, and two guide blocks 19, the total load-bearing capacity and auxiliary drive capacity are designed to be 180kg (considering a backup factor).

[0071] This pull-out device can be used in the preparation and conduct of air suspension vehicle drop tests: ① It upgrades the manual removal of the support block 20 from the wheel travel trajectory area to assisted or automatic operation. The guide wheel 4 and swing rod 2 cause the pull rope 3 to move in an arc. Utilizing the instantaneous release of the energy stored in the return spring 7, a certain pulling force is applied to the support block 20 in a short time, quickly pulling it out and ensuring sufficient time for removal. Simultaneously, the lever principle is used to amplify the extension and retraction of the pull rope, ensuring the support block 20 is completely removed from the wheel travel trajectory area. ② It is used for transporting the support block 20 and other test equipment kits between the storage room and the test site. ③ While fulfilling its specific functions, this pull-out device has a relatively simple structure, is compact, has low manufacturing costs, and is easy to operate. For example, the wheel assist speed range can be set to automatically adapt to the speed and provide assistance within the range of 3km / h to 6km / h, eliminating the need for gear shifting or transmission mechanisms. Steering is achieved solely by utilizing the speed difference between the two wheels, replacing complex steering mechanisms.

[0072] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A pull-out mechanism, characterized in that, include: A swing rod is provided, which can rotate horizontally via a vertically arranged rotating shaft. The swing rod includes a first end and a second end. The first end is at a first distance from the rotating shaft, and the second end is at a second distance from the rotating shaft. The first distance is greater than the second distance. A pull rope is connected to the first end, and the pull rope is used to connect to the object to be pulled. A guiding mechanism, comprising a guiding part for guiding the pulling rope, such that the extension direction of the pulling rope between the guiding part and the object to be pulled is parallel to the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled; And an energy storage and reset mechanism, the energy storage and reset mechanism including an elastic member for maintaining the second end in the original position, the axis of the swing rod intersecting the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled when the second end is in the original position; The energy storage and reset mechanism further includes a horizontally suspended guide rod, which is stationary relative to the rotation axis. The axis of the guide rod is parallel to the preset movement direction of the object to be pulled out, and each end of the guide rod is provided with a limiting block. A strip-shaped hole is provided on the second end, which extends along the axial direction of the swing rod and is sleeved on the guide rod. The elastic member includes a reset spring sleeved on the guide rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the limiting block, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the second end. The pull rope is connected to the locked object to be pulled. When the object is unlocked, the stored energy of the elastic component is released instantaneously, which can apply a pulling force to the object and thus remove it from the area it should be removed from.

2. The pull-out mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length ratio of the first distance to the second distance is 5:

1.

3. The pull-out mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the strip hole is greater than the reference length, and the reference length = second distance length - second distance length × cos30°.

4. The pull-out mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide part is a guide wheel.

5. A pull-out device, characterized in that, It includes an installation platform and a pull-out mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4, installed on the installation platform.

6. The pull-out device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting platform is equipped with drive wheels and a limiting mechanism. The drive wheels include a driven rear wheel and a driving front wheel for steering. The driving front wheel and the driven rear wheel are respectively located at both ends of the mounting platform. The guide rod of the pull-out mechanism is located at the end of the mounting platform where the driven rear wheel is located. The axis of the guide rod is parallel to the axle of the driven rear wheel. The first end of the swing rod of the pull-out mechanism is close to the end of the mounting platform where the driving front wheel is located. The limiting mechanism includes a positioning plate and a lifting device for driving the positioning plate to rise and fall. The positioning plate has a friction plate surface for contacting the ground.

7. The pull-out device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting device is a vertically arranged electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting platform, and the piston rod of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning plate.

8. The pull-out device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The installation platform has an operating handle at one end of the driven rear wheel. The operating handle has a positioning switch, a left acceleration button, and a right acceleration button. The positioning switch is electrically connected to the lifting device. The driving front wheel includes a left front wheel and a right front wheel. The left front wheel is driven by a left motor, and the right front wheel is driven by a right motor. Both the left motor and the right motor are equipped with a motor controller and a motor encoder. The left acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the left motor, and the right acceleration button is electrically connected to the motor controller of the right motor.

9. The pull-out device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting platform has a mounting cavity, which contains a storage battery. The active front wheel, the lifting device, the positioning switch, the left acceleration button, and the right acceleration button are all electrically connected to the storage battery.

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