River sediment content vertical line distribution measuring equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of river sand content monitoring, and particularly relates to river sand content vertical line distribution measuring equipment which comprises a bottom frame, balancing weights, a flow guide frame, a direction-finding type sampling mechanism and a floating-adjusting type vertical taking mechanism, the balancing weights are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the bottom frame, and the flow guide frame is arranged on the upper wall of the bottom frame between the balancing weights; the direction finding type sampling mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the flow guide frame, the floating adjusting type vertical sampling mechanism is arranged on the side, close to the direction finding type sampling mechanism, of the flow guide frame, the direction finding type sampling mechanism comprises a flow guide assembly and a sample storage assembly, the flow guide assembly is arranged on the side wall of the flow guide frame, and the sample storage assembly is arranged on the side, away from the flow guide frame, of the flow guide assembly. The floating adjusting type vertical taking mechanism comprises a water absorption assembly, a speed measurement assembly, a buoyancy assembly and an air control assembly. The invention provides the river sand content vertical line distribution measuring equipment capable of synchronously sampling water flow of multiple layers of depths in river water under the condition that the sampling barrel is kept relatively horizontal with the river water flowing direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of river sediment concentration monitoring, and specifically refers to a device for measuring the vertical distribution of river sediment concentration. Background Art

[0002] Sediment concentration usually refers to the dry sand mass contained in a unit volume of turbid water and is one of the important hydrological parameters. Monitoring river sediment concentration is of great significance for the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the development and utilization of water resources, the control of soil erosion, the water intake and use in industry and agriculture, and hydrological forecasting.

[0003] At present, the existing devices for measuring the vertical distribution of river sediment concentration have the following problems: The existing devices for measuring the vertical distribution of river sediment concentration are not capable of simultaneously sampling multiple layers of river water. When sampling the water flow at multiple depths in the river, the weight inside the sampling cylinder increases, and the sampling structure loses balance. As a result, the sampling cylinder loses its relative horizontal position with respect to the water flow direction, causing an angle between the sampling cylinder and the water flow direction. On the one hand, the cylinder disturbs the water body, mixing the high-sediment-concentration water layer at the bottom with the low-sediment-concentration water layer at the top, destroying the original vertical distribution. On the other hand, the inclined cylinder partially penetrates into different water layers, resulting in the samples collected being unable to accurately represent the sediment concentration at the target depth. Therefore, it cannot meet the current usage requirements for devices measuring the vertical distribution of river sediment concentration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, to overcome the defects of the prior art, this solution provides a device for measuring the vertical distribution of river sediment concentration that can synchronously sample the water flow at multiple depths in the river while maintaining the relative horizontal position of the sampling cylinder with respect to the river water flow direction.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this solution is as follows: A device for measuring the vertical distribution of river sediment concentration proposed in this solution includes a chassis, counterweights, a diversion frame, a direction-measuring sampling mechanism, and a floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism. The counterweights are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the chassis. The diversion frame is arranged on the upper wall of the chassis between the counterweights. The direction-measuring sampling mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the diversion frame. The floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism is arranged on one side of the diversion frame close to the direction-measuring sampling mechanism. The direction-measuring sampling mechanism includes a diversion component and a sample storage component. The diversion component is arranged on the side wall of the diversion frame. The sample storage component is arranged on the side away from the diversion frame of the diversion component. The floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism includes a water absorption component, a speed measurement component, a buoyancy component, and a gas control component. The water absorption component is arranged on one side of the diversion frame close to the sample storage component. The speed measurement component is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption component. The buoyancy component is arranged on the side away from the diversion frame of the water absorption component. The gas control component is arranged on the side away from the water absorption component of the buoyancy component.

[0006] As a further preference of the solution of this case, the diversion assembly includes a diversion cylinder, a closing groove, a closing magnetic ball, a closing spring and a driving electromagnet. A plurality of groups of the diversion cylinders are arranged through the inner wall of the diversion frame. The diversion cylinder is provided with an opening at one end. The closing groove is arranged on the inner wall of the opening of the diversion cylinder and is arranged in a penetrating manner. The closing magnetic ball is arranged on the inner wall of the end of the closing groove away from the diversion cylinder. The outer diameter of the closing magnetic ball is the same as the inner diameter of the closing groove. The closing spring is arranged between the closing magnetic ball and the inner wall of the closing groove. The driving electromagnet is arranged on the inner wall of the closing groove. The sample storage assembly includes a conveying pipeline and a sampling cylinder. The conveying pipeline is communicated and arranged on the side of the diversion cylinder away from the diversion frame. The sampling cylinder is communicated and arranged on the side of the conveying pipeline away from the diversion cylinder.

[0007] During use, the rope is fixedly connected to the diversion frame. When the operator lifts the diversion frame, the chassis is in a balanced state. The rope is released to sink the diversion frame into the river water at the depth designated by the operator. The driving electromagnet is remotely controlled to be energized. The driving electromagnet generates magnetism when energized. The driving electromagnet and the closing magnetic ball are arranged with the same pole. The driving electromagnet is fixed on the inner wall of the closing groove and pushes the closing magnetic ball through repulsion. The closing magnetic ball moves away from the inside of the diversion cylinder by using the deformation of the closing spring. The opening of the diversion cylinder is opened, and the river water flows into the inside of the diversion cylinder. The diversion cylinder conveys the river water through the conveying pipeline to be stored inside the sampling cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the water absorption assembly includes a guide rod, a limit block, a water absorption frame, a water absorption spring, a water absorption electromagnet, a sliding magnet, a water absorption pipeline and a water absorption plate. The guide rods are symmetrically arranged up and down on the inner wall of the diversion frame. The limit block is arranged on the side of the guide rod away from the diversion frame. The water absorption frame is slidably arranged outside the guide rod. The water absorption spring is arranged between the limit block outside the guide rod and the water absorption frame. The water absorption spring is in an extended state under normal conditions. The water absorption electromagnet is arranged outside one end of the guide rod close to the diversion frame. The sliding magnet is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption frame outside the guide rod. The water absorption pipeline penetrates through the sampling cylinder and is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption frame. The water absorption plate is arranged on the side of the water absorption pipeline close to the sampling cylinder. The water absorption plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder.

[0009] During use, the water absorption electromagnet is energized to generate magnetism. The water absorption electromagnet and the sliding magnet are arranged with the same pole. The water absorption electromagnet is fixed at one end of the guide rod and pushes the sliding magnet through repulsion. The sliding magnet drives the water absorption frame to slide away from the diversion frame along the guide rod by using the deformation of the water absorption spring. The water absorption frame drives the water absorption plate to slide towards the end away from the conveying pipeline through the water absorption pipeline. At this time, the space inside the sampling cylinder increases, which is convenient for sampling more river water.

[0010] Specifically, the speed measurement component includes a speed measurement frame, a water-driven fan, a rotation speed sensor, an anti-side impact cover, and a downstream port. The speed measurement frame is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water absorption frame. The water-driven fan is arranged on the side of the speed measurement frame away from the water absorption frame. The rotation speed sensor is arranged on the side of the speed measurement frame away from the water-driven fan. The rotating shaft of the water-driven fan passes through the speed measurement frame and is connected to the speed measurement end of the rotation speed sensor. The anti-side impact cover is arranged on the side wall of the speed measurement frame outside the water-driven fan. The downstream port is arranged on the side of the anti-side impact cover close to the speed measurement frame.

[0011] During use, when the diversion frame is in a vertical state with the river water flow direction after descending, the flowing river water impacts the water-driven fan, and the rotation speed sensor monitors the rotation speed of the rotating water-driven fan.

[0012] Among them, the buoyancy component includes an air guide valve, an airbag ball, and an air inlet. The air guide valve penetrates through the water absorption frame and is connected to the side wall of the water absorption pipeline. The airbag ball is connected to the side of the air guide valve away from the water absorption pipeline. The air inlet is arranged at one end of the water absorption pipeline close to the water absorption plate. The air control component includes a telescopic tube, a buoyancy ball, an air control valve, and a horizontal sensor. The telescopic tube is connected to the side of the airbag ball away from the air guide valve. The buoyancy ball is connected to the side of the telescopic tube away from the airbag ball. The air control valve is connected to the side of the buoyancy ball away from the telescopic tube. The horizontal sensor is arranged on the upper wall of the bottom frame.

[0013] During use, the water absorption plate squeezes the gas inside the sampling cylinder through the air inlet into the airbag ball. After the volume of the airbag ball increases, the buoyancy it receives increases, which can overcome the imbalance problem caused by the river water entering the sampling cylinder.

[0014] The beneficial effects obtained by this solution with the above structure are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this solution combines the extrusion and buoyancy increase structure with the flow velocity measurement structure. Through the set direction-finding sampling mechanism and floating adjustment vertical sampling mechanism, under the combined use of the diversion component, the sample storage component, the water absorption component, the speed measurement component, the buoyancy component, and the air control component, when sampling the river water, it can ensure that the sampling cylinder will not tilt due to the increase in the weight of the river water, and always maintain the consistency between the sampling cylinder and the river water flow direction, reducing the probability that the sampling cylinder has an included angle with the water flow direction, avoiding the generation of transverse shear force due to the relative movement between the sampling cylinder and the water flow, thereby reducing the flow field disturbance and ensuring the authenticity of the vertical stratification. Since the sampling structure receives less gravity in the circumferential direction and the main gravity is borne by the rope, at this time, by pulling the telescopic tube, the included angle between the sampling structure and the river water flow direction in the circumferential direction can be eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the sampling data of the sampling structure for the vertical distribution of the river water. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of this solution; Figure 2is the front perspective view of this solution; Figure 3 is the bottom perspective view of this solution; Figure 4 is the internal structure schematic diagram of this solution; Figure 5 is the combined structure schematic diagram of the chassis and the diversion frame of this solution; Figure 6 is the structure schematic diagram of the floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism of this solution; Figure 7 is the front view of this solution; Figure 8 is the left view of this solution; Figure 9 is the right view of this solution; Figure 10 is the top view of this solution; Figure 11 is Figure 10 the partial sectional view of A-A of

[0016] Among them, 1. Chassis, 2. Counterweight, 3. Diversion frame, 4. Directional sampling mechanism, 5. Diversion component, 6. Diversion cylinder, 7. Closing groove, 8. Closing magnetic ball, 9. Closing spring, 10. Driving electromagnet, 11. Sample storage component, 12. Conveying pipeline, 13. Sampling cylinder, 14. Floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism, 15. Water absorption component, 16. Guide rod, 17. Limit block, 18. Water absorption frame, 19. Water absorption spring, 20. Water absorption electromagnet, 21. Sliding magnet, 22. Water absorption pipeline, 23. Water absorption plate, 24. Speed measurement component, 25. Speed measurement frame, 26. Water-driven fan, 27. Rotation speed sensor, 28. Anti-side impact cover, 29. Buoyancy component, 30. Air guide valve, 31. Airbag ball, 32. Air control component, 33. Telescopic pipe, 34. Buoyancy ball, 35. Air control valve, 36. Air inlet, 37. Horizontal sensor, 38. Downstream port.

[0017] The attached drawings are used to provide a further understanding of this solution, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of this solution, they are used to explain this solution and do not constitute a limitation to this solution. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this solution will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the attached drawings in the embodiments of this solution. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this solution, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of this solution, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope protected by this solution.

[0019] In the description of this scheme, it should be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this scheme and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this scheme.

[0020] like Figures 1 - 11 As shown, a river sediment content vertical distribution measuring device proposed in this scheme includes a base frame 1, a counterweight block 2, a guide frame 3, a direction-finding sampling mechanism 4 and a floating vertical sampling mechanism 14, wherein the counterweight block 2 is symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the base frame 1, the guide frame 3 is arranged on the upper wall of the base frame 1 between the counterweight blocks 2, the direction-finding sampling mechanism 4 is arranged on the side wall of the guide frame 3, the floating vertical sampling mechanism 14 is arranged on the side of the guide frame 3 close to the direction-finding sampling mechanism 4, the direction-finding sampling mechanism 4 includes a guide component 5 and a sample storage component 11, and the guide frame 3 is arranged on the upper wall of the base frame 1 between the counterweight blocks 2. The component 5 is arranged on the side wall of the guide frame 3, the sample storage component 11 is arranged on the side of the guide frame 5 away from the guide frame 3, the buoyancy type vertical collection mechanism 14 includes a water absorption component 15, a speed measuring component 24, a buoyancy component 29 and an air control component 32, the water absorption component 15 is arranged on the side of the guide frame 3 close to the sample storage component 11, the speed measuring component 24 is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption component 15, the buoyancy component 29 is arranged on the side of the water absorption component 15 away from the guide frame 3, and the air control component 32 is arranged on the side of the buoyancy component 29 away from the water absorption component 15.

[0021] The flow guide component 5 includes a flow guide tube 6, a closed groove 7, a closed magnetic ball 8, a closed spring 9 and a driving electromagnet 10. Multiple groups of the flow guide tubes 6 are arranged through the inner wall of the flow guide frame 3. The flow guide tube 6 is opened at one end. The closed groove 7 is arranged on the inner wall of the opening of the flow guide tube 6. The closed groove 7 is arranged through. The closed magnetic ball 8 is arranged on the inner wall of the end of the closed groove 7 away from the flow guide tube 6. The outer diameter of the closed magnetic ball 8 is consistent with the inner diameter of the closed groove 7. The closing spring 9 is arranged between the closed magnetic ball 8 and the inner wall of the closed groove 7. The driving electromagnet 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the closed groove 7; the sample storage component 11 includes a conveying pipe 12 and a sampling tube 13. The conveying pipe 12 is connected to the side of the flow guide tube 6 away from the flow guide frame 3, and the sampling tube 13 is connected to the side of the conveying pipe 12 away from the flow guide tube 6.

[0022] The water absorption assembly 15 includes a guide rod 16, a limit block 17, a water absorption frame 18, a water absorption spring 19, a water absorption electromagnet 20, a sliding magnet 21, a water absorption pipeline 22, and a water absorption plate 23. The guide rod 16 is symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the flow guide frame 3 up and down. The limit block 17 is arranged on the side of the guide rod 16 away from the flow guide frame 3. The water absorption frame 18 is slidably arranged on the outer side of the guide rod 16. The water absorption spring 19 is arranged between the limit block 17 on the outer side of the guide rod 16 and the water absorption frame 18. The water absorption spring 19 is normally in an extended state. The water absorption electromagnet 20 is arranged on the outer side of one end of the guide rod 16 close to the flow guide frame 3. The sliding magnet 21 is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption frame 18 on the outer side of the guide rod 16. The water absorption pipeline 22 penetrates through the sampling cylinder 13 and is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption frame 18. The water absorption plate 23 is arranged on the side of the water absorption pipeline 22 close to the sampling cylinder 13. The water absorption plate 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 13.

[0023] The speed measurement assembly 24 includes a speed measurement frame 25, a water-driven fan 26, a rotation speed sensor 27, an anti-side impact cover 28, and a downstream port 38. The speed measurement frame 25 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water absorption frame 18. The water-driven fan 26 is arranged on the side of the speed measurement frame 25 away from the water absorption frame 18. The rotation speed sensor 27 is arranged on the side of the speed measurement frame 25 away from the water-driven fan 26. The rotating shaft of the water-driven fan 26 penetrates through the speed measurement frame 25 and is connected to the speed measurement end of the rotation speed sensor 27. The anti-side impact cover 28 is arranged on the side wall of the speed measurement frame 25 on the outer side of the water-driven fan 26. The downstream port 38 is arranged on the side of the anti-side impact cover 28 close to the speed measurement frame 25.

[0024] The buoyancy assembly 29 includes an air guide valve 30, an airbag ball 31, and an air inlet 36. The air guide valve 30 penetrates through the water absorption frame 18 and is connected to the side wall of the water absorption pipeline 22. The airbag ball 31 is connected to the side of the air guide valve 30 away from the water absorption pipeline 22. The air inlet 36 is arranged at one end of the water absorption pipeline 22 close to the water absorption plate 23. The air control assembly 32 includes a telescopic pipe 33, a buoyancy ball 34, an air control valve 35, and a horizontal sensor 37. The telescopic pipe 33 is connected to the side of the airbag ball 31 away from the air guide valve 30. The buoyancy ball 34 is connected to the side of the telescopic pipe 33 away from the airbag ball 31. The air control valve 35 is connected to the side of the buoyancy ball 34 away from the telescopic pipe 33. The horizontal sensor 37 is arranged on the upper wall of the bottom frame 1.

[0025] During specific use, the rope is fixedly connected to the flow guide frame 3. When the flow guide frame 3 is lifted, the bottom frame 1 is in a balanced state. The closing magnetic ball 8 is located inside the flow guide cylinder 6. The water absorption spring 19 is in an extended state. The guide rod 16 retracts into the sampling cylinder 13. The water absorption plate 23 is located on the inner wall of one end of the sampling cylinder 13 close to the conveying pipeline 12. The airbag ball 31 is in a deflated state. The operator pays out the rope to sink the diversion frame 3 into the river water. The water flow impacts the surface of the closed magnetic ball 8, and the buoyancy ball 34 floats on the water surface. The buoyancy ball 34 is tied by a rope to prevent it from flowing with the river water. When the diversion frame 3 is perpendicular to the river water flow direction after descending, the river water flow impacts the water drive fan 26, and the river water impacting the water drive fan 26 is discharged from the inside of the anti-side impact cover 28 through the downstream port 38. The remote terminal controls the rotation speed sensor 27 to start, and the rotation speed sensor 27 monitors the rotation speed of the water drive fan 26. When an angle appears between the diversion frame 3 and the river water flow direction in the horizontal direction, the water flow impacts the side wall of the anti-side impact cover 28, and the rotation speed of the water drive fan 26 decreases or stops rotating. When the rotation speed sensor 27 monitors that the rotation speed of the water drive fan 26 decreases or stops rotating, the operator pulls the buoyancy ball 34, and the buoyancy ball 34 eliminates the angle between the diversion frame 3 and the water flow direction in the horizontal direction through the airbag ball 31. When the rotation speed sensor 27 detects that the water drive fan 26 resumes rotation speed, the operator stops pulling the buoyancy ball 34, so that the diversion frame 3 is in the same direction as the river water flow direction in the horizontal direction; After the diversion frame 3 sinks to a specified depth in the river water, the remote terminal controls the driving electromagnet 10 to start. The driving electromagnet 10 is energized to generate magnetism. The driving electromagnet 10 and the closed magnetic ball 8 are set with the same pole. The driving electromagnet 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the closed groove 7 and pushes the closed magnetic ball 8 through repulsion. The closed magnetic ball 8 moves away from the inside of the diversion cylinder 6 by deforming the closed spring 9, and the opening of the diversion cylinder 6 is opened, and the river water flows into the inside of the diversion cylinder 6. The diversion cylinder 6 conveys the river water to the inside of the sampling cylinder 13 through the conveying pipe 12 for storage; The remote terminal controls the water absorption electromagnet 20 to start. The water absorption electromagnet 20 is energized to generate magnetism. The water absorption electromagnet 20 and the sliding magnet 21 are set with the same pole. The water absorption electromagnet 20 is fixed at one end of the guide rod 16 and pushes the sliding magnet 21 through repulsion. The sliding magnet 21 drives the water absorption frame 18 to slide away from the diversion frame 3 along the guide rod 16 by deforming the water absorption spring 19. The water absorption frame 18 drives the water absorption plate 23 to slide towards one end away from the conveying pipe 12 through the water absorption pipe 22. At this time, the space inside the sampling cylinder 13 increases. As the river water inside the sampling cylinder 13 increases, the weight of the sampling cylinder 13 increases accordingly. To prevent the sampling cylinder 13 from tilting downward, the water absorption plate 23 squeezes the gas inside the sampling cylinder 13 into the airbag ball 31 through the air guide valve 30. After the volume of the airbag ball 31 increases, the buoyancy increases, and thus can provide a corresponding upward buoyancy for the increased weight of the sampling cylinder 13, reducing the probability that the sampling cylinder 13 damages the relative balance of the diversion frame 3 due to the increased weight, and ensuring that no angle is generated between the diversion frame 3 and the water flow direction in the vertical direction; When the sediment content in the river water entering the inside of the sampling cylinder 13 is relatively high, the relative weight of the sampling cylinder 13 increases, and the remote terminal controls the level sensor 37 to start. The level sensor 37 monitors the level of the chassis 1. One end of the chassis 1 close to the airbag sphere 31 sinks, causing the diversion cylinder 6 to lose its relative horizontal position in the direction of the river water flow. At this time, the air control valve 35 is opened, and gas is filled into the inside of the airbag sphere 31 through the air control valve 35 and the telescopic tube 33. After the volume of the airbag sphere 31 increases, the buoyancy increases accordingly, causing the sunken end of the chassis 1 to gradually float up; When the sediment content in the river water entering the inside of the sampling cylinder 13 is relatively low, the relative weight of the sampling cylinder 13 decreases, and the remote terminal controls the level sensor 37 to start. The level sensor 37 monitors the level of the chassis 1. One end of the chassis 1 close to the airbag sphere 31 floats up, causing the diversion cylinder 6 to lose its relative horizontal position in the direction of the river water flow. At this time, the air control valve 35 is opened, and the excess gas inside the airbag sphere 31 is discharged through the air control valve 35 and the telescopic tube 33. After the volume of the airbag sphere 31 decreases, the buoyancy decreases accordingly, causing the floating end of the chassis 1 to gradually sink; After the sampling of the river water is completed, the driving electromagnet 10 is powered off and demagnetized. The closing spring 9 elastically resets and drives the closing magnetic ball 8 to retract into the inside of the diversion cylinder 6, blocking the opening of the diversion cylinder 6. The operator lifts the diversion frame 3 out of the river water, thereby completing the sampling operation of the vertical line of the sediment content in the river. A drain valve is pre-set on the side wall of the sampling cylinder 13, and the operator opens the drain valve to measure the sediment content of the sampled river water; just repeat the above operations for the next use.

[0026] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0027] The above describes the present solution and its implementation manner. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementation manners of the present solution, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. All in all, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and without departing from the creative purpose of the present solution, without creative design, they create a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution, which shall fall within the protection scope of the present solution.

Claims

1. A measuring device for the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in a river, comprising a chassis, a counterweight and a diversion frame, characterized in that: It also includes a direction-finding sampling mechanism and a floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism. Counterweight blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper wall of the chassis, and a diversion frame is arranged on the upper wall of the chassis between the counterweight blocks. The direction-finding sampling mechanism includes a diversion component and a sample storage component. The diversion component is arranged on the side wall of the diversion frame, and the sample storage component is arranged on the side of the diversion component away from the diversion frame. The floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism includes a water absorption component and a buoyancy component. The water absorption component is arranged on the side of the diversion frame close to the sample storage component, and the buoyancy component is arranged on the side of the water absorption component away from the diversion frame. The diversion component includes a diversion cylinder. Multiple groups of diversion cylinders are arranged through the inner wall of the diversion frame, and the diversion cylinders are provided with an open end. The sample storage component includes a conveying pipeline and a sampling cylinder. The conveying pipeline is connected and arranged on the side of the diversion cylinder away from the diversion frame, and the sampling cylinder is connected and arranged on the side of the conveying pipeline away from the diversion cylinder. The water absorption component includes a guide rod, a limit block, a water absorption frame, a water absorption spring, a water absorption electromagnet, a sliding magnet, a water absorption pipeline, and a water absorption plate. The guide rods are symmetrically arranged up and down on the inner wall of the diversion frame. The limit block is arranged on the side of the guide rod away from the diversion frame. The water absorption frame is slidably arranged outside the guide rod. The water absorption spring is arranged between the limit block on the outside of the guide rod and the water absorption frame. The water absorption electromagnet is arranged on the outside of one end of the guide rod close to the diversion frame. The sliding magnet is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption frame outside the guide rod. The water absorption pipeline penetrates through the sampling cylinder and is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption frame. The water absorption plate is arranged on the side of the water absorption pipeline close to the sampling cylinder, and the water absorption plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder. The buoyancy component includes an air guide valve, an airbag ball, and an air inlet. The air guide valve penetrates through the water absorption frame and is connected and arranged on the side wall of the water absorption pipeline. The airbag ball is connected and arranged on the side of the air guide valve away from the water absorption pipeline. The air inlet is arranged at one end of the water absorption pipeline close to the water absorption plate.

2. The measuring device for the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in a river according to claim 1, wherein: The floating-adjusting vertical sampling mechanism further includes a speed measurement component and an air control component. The speed measurement component is arranged on the side wall of the water absorption component, and the air control component is arranged on the side of the buoyancy component away from the water absorption component.

3. The measuring device for the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion component further includes a closing groove, a closing magnetic ball, a closing spring, and a driving electromagnet. The closing groove is arranged on the inner wall of the opening of the diversion cylinder, and the closing groove is a through setting. The closing magnetic ball is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the closing groove away from the diversion cylinder. The outer diameter of the closing magnetic ball is the same as the inner diameter of the closing groove. The closing spring is arranged between the closing magnetic ball and the inner wall of the closing groove. The driving electromagnet is arranged on the inner wall of the closing groove.

4. A device for measuring the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorption spring is normally in an extended state.

5. A measuring device for the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in a river according to claim 2, characterized in that: The speed measurement component includes a speed measurement frame, a water-driven fan, a rotation speed sensor, an anti-side impact cover, and a downstream port. The speed measurement frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the water absorption frame. The water-driven fan is arranged on the side of the speed measurement frame away from the water absorption frame. The rotation speed sensor is arranged on the side of the speed measurement frame away from the water-driven fan. The rotating shaft of the water-driven fan penetrates through the speed measurement frame and is connected to the speed measurement end of the rotation speed sensor.

6. The measuring device for the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in a river according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anti-side impact cover is arranged on the side wall of the speed measurement frame outside the water-driven fan, and the downstream port is arranged on the side of the anti-side impact cover close to the speed measurement frame.

7. A device for measuring the vertical distribution of sediment concentration in a river according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air control component includes a telescopic pipe, a buoyancy ball, an air control valve, and a horizontal sensor. The telescopic pipe is connected and arranged on the side of the airbag ball away from the air guide valve. The buoyancy ball is connected and arranged on the side of the telescopic pipe away from the airbag ball. The air control valve is connected and arranged on the side of the buoyancy ball away from the telescopic pipe. The horizontal sensor is arranged on the upper wall of the chassis.

Images