A detection device with self-adaptive replacement of particulate matter detection cutting head

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of particulate matter detection cutting head, especially relates to a detection equipment with self-adaptive replacement particulate matter detection cutting head, comprising a beta-ray absorption method measuring assembly, a plurality of cutting head assemblies and a rotating assembly and the like, the beta-ray absorption method measuring assembly is used for detecting the particulate collected from the air, the cutting head assembly is used for cutting and separating the particulate in the air, and the rotating assembly is used for installing the cutting head assembly and rotating and replacing the cutting head assembly at the top outlet of the cylindrical shell. The cutting head assembly in the present application can complete the reverse self-cleaning of the first filter cloth and the second filter cloth which have accumulated many large particles in it through the cooperation of the cleaning assembly arranged in the cylindrical shell. The dust generated by cleaning the cutting head assembly is collected without diffusion, which ensures that the air around the cutting head assembly is not polluted, and further ensures the real reliability of the cutting head assembly working on the air detection of the corresponding area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of particulate matter detection cutting head technology, and particularly relates to a detection device with an adaptive particulate matter detection cutting head replacement. Background Technology

[0002] Air quality monitoring stations, also known as air quality stations, are used to sample, measure, and analyze pollutants present in the atmosphere and air at fixed points, continuously, or periodically. To monitor air quality, several air quality stations are typically established in key environmental protection cities. These stations are equipped with multi-parameter automatic monitoring instruments for continuous automatic monitoring, storing and analyzing the monitoring results in real time to obtain relevant data. Air quality monitoring stations are the fundamental platform for air quality control and reasonable assessment of air quality, and are an essential infrastructure for urban air environmental protection.

[0003] Air quality monitoring stations utilize particle cutters to separate airborne particles according to their size. Particle cutting refers to the process of separating particles in a mixture based on their size using specific equipment or techniques. In environmental monitoring and materials science, this process typically involves using cutters or sieves to remove or classify particles of different sizes. Cutters utilize physical principles such as inertial force, centrifugal force, or diffusion effects to effectively cut particles, ensuring that only particles within a specific size range are collected for further analysis or application.

[0004] For techniques using beta rays to measure particulate matter concentration, large particles are first filtered out using a cutting head. The filtered air carries small particles that impact the filter membrane, causing them to remain and increasing the membrane's thickness. The concentration of these small particles can then be determined by beta ray measurement. In this technique, the filter cloth in the cutting head needs to be cleaned after each use for reuse. For the measurement terminal, the cutting head can only be used once. When a large number of large particles accumulate on the filter cloth in the cutting head, they need to be manually collected and returned to the factory for cleaning before reuse.

[0005] As the automation level of air station particle cutting equipment increases, the cutting head also needs to be automatically replaced. For example, patent application number 2024113115168 discloses a device for automatically replacing the cutting head. Although a large number of cutting heads can be replaced, the structure is relatively complex and the cost is high. At the same time, the structure is not easy to install and has an automatic cleaning device.

[0006] This invention designs a detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to address the problems existing in current particle detection cutting head devices by providing a detection device with an adaptively replaceable particle detection cutting head. In this invention, the cutting head assembly, through its cooperation with a cleaning component housed within a cylindrical shell, can perform reverse self-cleaning of the first and second filter cloths that have accumulated many large particles. Furthermore, the dust generated by cleaning the cutting head assembly is collected without diffusion, ensuring that the air around the cutting head assembly is not polluted. This, in turn, ensures the accuracy and reliability of air detection in the corresponding area by the operating cutting head assembly. The cleaning component's participation in the self-cleaning function of the cutting head assembly eliminates the need for manual collection and return of the cutting head assembly to the factory for cleaning and reuse, thereby effectively improving the cleaning and reuse efficiency of the cutting head assembly and significantly reducing its cleaning costs. The rotating assembly housed within the cylindrical shell in this invention allows for the pre-installation of multiple cutting head assemblies and the automated rotation and replacement of these assemblies. The installation of the cutting head assembly onto the rotating assembly is a simple and convenient insertion process, resulting in a simple structure, low cost, and ease of installation and operation of the cleaning component as a cleaning device. In this invention, the top-feeding component used to establish the connection between the receiving and discharging pipe in the β-ray absorption measurement component and the cutting head component on the rotating component can push the cutting head component, which is connected to the receiving and discharging pipe in the β-ray absorption measurement component, out of the protrusion at the top of the cylindrical shell for air detection, further improving the automation of the cutting head component replacement operation. At the same time, the shielding component located at the protrusion can close and shield the protrusion regardless of whether the cutting head component is working outside the cylindrical shell component, preventing dust or other debris in the outside air from entering the cylindrical shell and contaminating the internal cutting head component.

[0008] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head, used for cutting, separating, and detecting particles in the air, comprising:

[0010] The beta-ray absorption measurement assembly, housed within a cylindrical shell, is used to detect particles collected from the air. It mainly includes a filter membrane, a beta-ray emitter, a beta-ray receiver, and a collection and discharge pipe that transports the collected air to the filter membrane.

[0011] A plurality of cutting head assemblies are used for cutting and separating particles in the air. The cutting head assembly includes a first air guide tube, the upper end of which is connected to a third air guide tube via a drying assembly. The upper end of the third air guide tube is connected to a cutting cylinder via a tapered portion. The cutting cylinder is provided with a first filter cloth and a second filter cloth distributed vertically. A top rod is provided in the middle of the second filter cloth, extending upward through the first filter cloth. The upper end of the top rod is provided with a conical plug that controls the upper ring plate. The conical plug is connected to a second ring sleeve that controls the dust discharge port on the wall of the cutting cylinder via a plurality of second connecting rods. The upper end of the cutting cylinder is threadedly connected to a third ring sleeve. The upper end of the third ring sleeve is provided with a rain cap that forms an annular rainproof channel with the first rainproof edge at the upper end of the cutting cylinder. The third ring sleeve is densely covered with ventilation holes opposite to the annular rainproof channel.

[0012] Rotary assembly for mounting the cutting head assembly and rotating it at the protrusion at the top of the cylindrical shell for easy replacement.

[0013] The top feeding assembly is used to connect the take-up and discharge pipes to the first air guide pipe in the cutting head assembly at the outlet and drive the cutting head assembly to move vertically in and out of the outlet.

[0014] A cleaning component is used to clean the first and second filter cloths in the cutting head assembly.

[0015] In one embodiment, the top rod is slidably sealed within the second guide sleeve in the middle of the first filter cloth, the top of the cone plug is provided with a second guide rod, the second guide rod slides within the third guide sleeve in the middle of the rain cap, the outer side of the third ring sleeve is provided with a second limiting ring that cooperates with the upper end of the cutting cylinder, the edge of the rain cap is provided with a horizontal second rain-proof edge, and the top of the rain cap is provided with a torsion block.

[0016] In one embodiment, the drying assembly includes a second air guide tube threadedly connected to the first air guide tube and the third air guide tube. The second air guide tube contains several layers of drying rods. Each layer of drying rods consists of several parallel drying rods. Each layer of drying rods is parallel and perpendicular to two adjacent layers of drying rods. The two parallel layers of drying rods block each other's gaps. The two ends of the drying rods are fixed in sleeves on the wall of the second air guide tube.

[0017] In one embodiment, the receiving and discharging pipe is provided with a ball section, the horizontal portion of the filter membrane passes through the slot on the ball section, and the receiving and discharging pipe is provided with a three-way valve, a flow meter and a first air pump. The three-way valve is located between the ball section and the air inlet end of the receiving and discharging pipe, the flow meter is located between the three-way valve and the ball section, and the first air pump is located between the ball section and the exhaust end of the receiving and discharging pipe. A seventh exhaust pipe for exhausting from the outside of the cylindrical shell is connected to the three-way valve, and a second air pump is provided on the seventh exhaust pipe.

[0018] In one embodiment, the connecting top-feeding assembly includes two vertically distributed pulleys. The two pulleys are mounted on a bracket inside a cylindrical shell via axles. The axle of one of the pulleys is connected to a first motor on the bracket. A synchronous belt is mounted on the two pulleys. The synchronous belt is connected to a sliding sleeve and a first ring sleeve via a first connecting rod. The sliding sleeve slides vertically on a first guide rod on the bracket. The lower end of the first ring sleeve is connected to a take-up and discharge pipe. A connecting pipe with a threaded lower end of a first air guide pipe is rotatably mounted inside the upper end of the first ring sleeve. The connecting pipe slides and rotates within the first guide sleeve on the bracket. A rotating sleeve that slides axially with the connecting pipe is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the first guide sleeve. Two guide blocks circumferentially spaced 180 degrees apart are mounted on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve. The guide blocks slide within guide grooves outside the connecting pipe. A first gear is mounted on the rotating sleeve. The first gear meshes with a second gear. The second gear is mounted on the output shaft of a second motor on the bracket.

[0019] In one embodiment, the rotating assembly includes a rotating shaft coaxial with the cylindrical shell. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in a fourth ring on a support inside the cylindrical shell and is driven to rotate by a third motor on the support. A connecting frame is provided on the rotating shaft. The connecting frame is provided with a plurality of first inserts evenly distributed around the axis of the rotating shaft for inserting the cutting head assembly. The inner wall of the first insert is provided with an annular groove opposite to the dust discharge port on the cutting cylinder of the cutting head assembly. A second exhaust pipe communicating with the annular groove is provided on the wall of the annular groove.

[0020] In one embodiment, a third gear is provided on the rotating shaft, and the third gear meshes with a fourth gear on the output shaft of the third motor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the upper spiral surface of the lower internal thread of the first air guide tube is provided with a rubber pad that mates with the upper external thread of the connecting tube, and a first limiting ring for limiting the position of the connecting tube is provided inside the first air guide tube.

[0022] In one embodiment, the cleaning assembly includes a third air pump mounted on a support inside a cylindrical shell and a collection cylinder mounted inside a second sleeve in the middle of a connecting frame. The air inlet of the third air pump is provided with an air intake pipe for drawing air from outside the cylindrical shell, and the air outlet of the third air pump is provided with a third exhaust pipe that mates with the lower end of the first sleeve. The upper end of the third exhaust pipe is provided with a second sealing gasket that mates with a first sealing gasket at the lower end of the first sleeve. The top of the collection cylinder is provided with an exhaust port, which is rotatably fitted with a fourth exhaust pipe that exhausts air to the outside of the cylindrical shell. The cylinder wall of the collection cylinder is provided with a plurality of inlet pipes that correspond one-to-one with the second exhaust pipes and guide air to the bottom of the collection cylinder. The inlet pipes are connected to the corresponding second exhaust pipes through flexible hoses. The collection cylinder is filled with dust filter material.

[0023] In one embodiment, a blocking assembly for the opening and closing of the cylindrical shell is provided at the protrusion at the top of the cylindrical shell. The blocking assembly includes a fourth motor disposed at the top of the cylindrical shell. The output shaft of the fourth motor is rotatably disposed within a bearing at the top of the cylindrical shell. A fifth gear is disposed on the output shaft of the fourth motor. The fifth gear meshes with two racks that slide in opposite directions within a fourth guide sleeve at the top of the cylindrical shell. The ends of both racks are connected to a fifth guide sleeve via a third connecting rod. A third guide rod parallel to the racks is slidably disposed within each fifth guide sleeve. A top block is disposed at the end of each third guide rod. A first spring connects the top block to the fifth guide sleeve. The guide rod is provided with a first limiting block to prevent it from detaching from the fifth guide sleeve. The two top blocks are respectively provided with baffles and strips. The strips are slidably disposed in the sixth guide sleeve. The sixth guide sleeve is provided with a baffle. The baffles and the fifth guide sleeve slide in the limiting grooves on the corresponding baffles. The side end of the baffle is provided with a semi-circular hole that cooperates with the connecting pipe and is opened and closed by the strip. The third connecting rod corresponding to the baffle where the strip is located is connected to the fixing block on the corresponding baffle through a second spring. The end side of the baffle is provided with a slot that cooperates with the second limiting block at the top of the cylindrical shell when the two baffles close their protrusions. The end side of the baffle is provided with a stepped groove that seals the two baffles closed.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] 1. The cutting head assembly in this invention, through its cooperation with the cleaning assembly disposed inside the cylindrical shell, can complete the reverse self-cleaning of the first and second filter cloths that have accumulated a lot of large particles. Moreover, the dust generated by cleaning the cutting head assembly is collected without diffusion, ensuring that the air around the cutting head assembly is not polluted. This ensures the accuracy and reliability of the air detection in the corresponding area by the cutting head assembly in operation. The cleaning assembly participates in the self-cleaning function of the cutting head assembly, eliminating the need for manual collection and return of the cutting head assembly to the factory for cleaning and reuse. This effectively improves the cleaning efficiency and reuse efficiency of the cutting head assembly, while effectively reducing its cleaning cost.

[0026] 2. The rotating assembly set inside the cylindrical shell in this invention can realize the pre-installation of multiple cutting head assemblies inside the cylindrical shell and realize the automatic rotation and replacement of multiple cutting head assemblies. The installation of the cutting head assembly onto the rotating assembly is a simple and convenient insertion. Its structure is simple, the cost is low, and it is convenient for the installation and operation of the cleaning assembly as a cleaning device.

[0027] 3. In this invention, the top-feeding component used to establish the connection between the receiving and discharging pipe in the β-ray absorption measurement component and the cutting head component on the rotating component can push the cutting head component, which is connected to the receiving and discharging pipe in the β-ray absorption measurement component, out from the protrusion at the top of the cylindrical shell to perform air detection, further improving the automation of the cutting head component replacement operation. At the same time, the shielding component located at the protrusion can close and shield the protrusion regardless of whether the cutting head component is working outside the cylindrical shell component, preventing dust or other debris in the outside air from entering the cylindrical shell and contaminating the internal cutting head component. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical shell;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the beta-ray absorption measurement assembly, the connecting top-feed assembly, and the cutting head assembly.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the beta-ray absorption measurement assembly and the connecting top delivery assembly.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view showing the connection between the top feeding assembly, the cutting head assembly, and the rotating assembly.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the cutting head assembly and the rotating assembly in operation;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the screw sleeve in the top-feeding assembly;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe in the top-feeding component;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the cleaning assembly, cutting head assembly, and rotating assembly mating within the cylindrical shell;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional diagram of the cleaning component and the rotating component working together;

[0038] Figure 11 It is a rotary assembly and its cross-sectional view;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the cutting head assembly;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the first air duct in the cutting head assembly;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the drying component in the cutting head assembly;

[0042] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the cutting cylinder in the cutting head assembly;

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting cylinder structure in the cutting head assembly;

[0044] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the two states of the cutting head assembly;

[0045] Figure 18 These are two cross-sectional views of the threaded connection structure between the first air guide tube and the connecting tube;

[0046] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of two states of the occlusion component;

[0047] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between the shielding component and the connecting pipe;

[0048] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of two baffle structures;

[0049] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the cutting head assembly within the cylindrical shell;

[0050] Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view of the bulbous structure on the receiving and discharging tube in the β-ray absorption method measurement assembly;

[0051] Figure 24 This is a cross-sectional view of the insertion slot of the ball section on the receiving and discharging pipe and the fit between the filter membrane and the filter membrane.

[0052] Labels in the diagram:

[0053] 101. Cylindrical shell; 102. Protruding opening;

[0054] 200. Beta-ray absorption measurement assembly; 201. Filter membrane; 202. Beta-ray emitter; 203. Beta-ray receiver; 204. Receiving and discharging pipe; 205. Bulb part; 206. Insertion slot; 207. First air pump; 208. Three-way valve; 209. Flow meter; 210. First exhaust pipe; 211. Second air pump;

[0055] 300. Connecting top-feeding assembly; 301. First guide rod; 302. Sliding sleeve; 303. First connecting rod; 304. First ring sleeve; 305. Pulley; 306. Synchronous belt; 307. First motor; 308. Connecting pipe; 309. Guide groove; 310. First guide sleeve; 311. Rotating sleeve; 312. Guide block; 313. First gear; 314. Second gear; 315. Second motor;

[0056] 400. Cutting head assembly; 401. First air guide tube; 402. First limiting ring; 403. Rubber pad; 404. Drying assembly; 405. Second air guide tube; 406. Drying rod; 407. Sleeve; 408. Third air guide tube; 409. Cone; 410. Cutting cylinder; 411. Dust outlet; 412. First rain shield; 413. Second filter cloth; 414. First filter cloth; 415. Second guide sleeve; 416. Top rod; 417. Conical plug; 418. Second guide rod; 419. Second connecting rod; 420. Second ring sleeve; 421. Ring plate; 422. Third ring sleeve; 423. Second limiting ring; 424. Vent hole; 425. Rain cap; 426. Second rain shield; 427. Third guide sleeve; 428. Twist block;

[0057] 500, Rotating assembly; 501, Fourth ring sleeve; 502, Rotating shaft; 503, Third gear; 504, Fourth gear; 505, Third motor; 506, Connecting frame; 507, First insert sleeve; 508, Ring groove; 509, First sealing gasket; 510, Second exhaust pipe; 511, Second insert sleeve;

[0058] 600. Cleaning assembly; 601. Third air pump; 602. Suction pipe; 603. Third exhaust pipe; 604. Collection cylinder; 605. Exhaust port; 606. Inlet pipe; 607. Hose; 608. Fourth exhaust pipe; 609. Second sealing gasket;

[0059] 700. Shielding assembly; 701. Fourth motor; 702. Shaft seat; 703. Fifth gear; 704. Rack; 705. Fourth guide sleeve; 706. Third connecting rod; 707. Fifth guide sleeve; 708. Third guide rod; 709. First limiting block; 710. First spring; 711. Top block; 712. Baffle; 713. Limiting groove; 714. Semicircular hole; 715. Slot; 716. Stepped groove; 717. Slat; 718. Sixth guide sleeve; 719. Fixing block; 720. Second spring; 721. Second limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0061] The serial numbers assigned to components in this document, such as "first," "second," etc., are merely used to distinguish the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this application, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0063] like Figure 1-24 As shown, a detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head is used for cutting, separating, and detecting particles in the air, including:

[0064] The beta-ray absorption measurement assembly 200, located inside the cylindrical shell 101, is used to detect particles collected from the air. It mainly includes a filter membrane 201, a beta-ray emitter 202, a beta-ray receiver 203, and a collection and discharge pipe 204 that collects and delivers air to the filter membrane 201.

[0065] A plurality of cutting head assemblies 400 are used for cutting and separating particles in the air. Each cutting head assembly 400 includes a first air guide tube 401. The upper end of the first air guide tube 401 is connected to a third air guide tube 408 via a drying assembly 404. The upper end of the third air guide tube 408 is connected to a cutting cylinder 410 via a cone portion 409. The cutting cylinder 410 contains a first filter cloth 414 and a second filter cloth 413 arranged vertically. A top rod 416 is provided in the middle of the second filter cloth 413, extending upwards through the first filter cloth 414. The upper end of the rod 416 is provided with a cone plug 417 that switches the upper ring plate 421. The cone plug 417 is connected to a second ring sleeve 420 that switches the dust discharge port 411 on the wall of the cutting cylinder 410 via several second connecting rods 419. The upper end of the cutting cylinder 410 is threadedly connected to a third ring sleeve 422. The upper end of the third ring sleeve 422 is provided with a rain cap 425 that forms an annular rainproof channel with the first rainproof edge 412 at the upper end of the cutting cylinder 410. The third ring sleeve 422 is densely covered with vent holes 424 that are opposite to the annular rainproof channel.

[0066] Rotary assembly 500 is used to install the cutting head assembly 400 and rotate the cutting head assembly 400 at the protrusion 102 at the top of the cylindrical shell 101 for replacement.

[0067] The top feeding assembly 300 is used to connect the receiving and discharging pipe 204 to the first air guide pipe 401 in the cutting head assembly 400 at the outlet 102 and drive the cutting head assembly 400 to vertically enter and exit the outlet 102.

[0068] Cleaning component 600 is used to clean the first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413 in the cutting head assembly 400.

[0069] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 12 , 15 As shown, the top rod 416 is sealed and slids within the second guide sleeve 415 in the middle of the first filter cloth 414. The top of the cone plug 417 is provided with a second guide rod 418. The second guide rod 418 slides within the third guide sleeve 427 in the middle of the rain cap 425. The outer side of the third ring sleeve 422 is provided with a second limiting ring 423 that cooperates with the upper end of the cutting cylinder 410. The edge of the rain cap 425 is provided with a horizontal second rain-proof edge 426. The top of the rain cap 425 is provided with a torsion block 428.

[0070] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 12 , 14As shown, the drying assembly 404 includes a second air guide tube 405 threadedly connected to the first air guide tube 401 and the third air guide tube 408. The second air guide tube 405 is provided with several layers of drying rods 406. Each layer of drying rods 406 is formed by several parallel drying rods 406. Each layer of drying rods 406 is parallel and perpendicular to the two adjacent layers of drying rods 406, respectively. The two parallel layers of drying rods 406 block each other's gaps. The two ends of the drying rods 406 are fixed in the sleeves 407 on the wall of the second air guide tube 405.

[0071] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figures 19 and 20, a ball portion 205 is provided on the inlet / outlet pipe 204. The horizontal portion of the filter membrane 201 passes through the slot 206 on the ball portion 205. A three-way valve 208, a flow meter 209, and a first air pump 207 are provided on the inlet / outlet pipe 204. The three-way valve 208 is located between the ball portion 205 and the air inlet end of the inlet / outlet pipe 204. The flow meter 209 is located between the three-way valve 208 and the ball portion 205. The first air pump 207 is located between the ball portion 205 and the exhaust end of the inlet / outlet pipe 204. A seventh exhaust pipe for exhausting air from the cylindrical shell 101 is connected to the three-way valve 208. A second air pump 211 is provided on the seventh exhaust pipe.

[0072] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, the connecting top-feeding assembly 300 includes two vertically distributed pulleys 305. The two pulleys 305 are mounted on a bracket inside the cylindrical shell 101 via axles. The axle of one pulley 305 is connected to a first motor 307 on the bracket. A synchronous belt 306 is mounted on both pulleys 305. The synchronous belt 306 is connected to a sliding sleeve 302 and a first ring sleeve 304 via a first connecting rod 303. The sliding sleeve 302 slides vertically on a first guide rod 301 on the bracket. The lower end of the first ring sleeve 304 is connected to a take-up / discharge pipe 204. The upper end of the first ring sleeve 304... A connecting pipe 308 with a threaded engagement at the lower end of a first air guide pipe 401 is rotatably mounted. The connecting pipe 308 slides and rotates within a first guide sleeve 310 on a support. A rotating sleeve 311 with an axial sliding engagement with the connecting pipe 308 is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the first guide sleeve 310. Two guide blocks 312 circumferentially spaced 180 degrees apart are provided on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 311. The guide blocks 312 slide within a guide groove 309 on the outer side of the connecting pipe 308. A first gear 313 is mounted on the rotating sleeve 311. The first gear 313 meshes with a second gear 314. The second gear 314 is mounted on the output shaft of a second motor 315 on the support.

[0073] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 5, 11 As shown, the rotating assembly 500 includes a rotating shaft 502 coaxial with the cylindrical shell 101. The rotating shaft 502 is rotatably disposed in a fourth ring 501 on the inner support of the cylindrical shell 101 and is driven to rotate by a third motor 505 on the support. A connecting frame 506 is provided on the rotating shaft 502. A plurality of first inserts 507 are provided on the connecting frame 506, which are evenly distributed around the axis of the rotating shaft 502 and are used for inserting the cutting head assembly 400. The inner wall of the first insert 507 is provided with an annular groove 508 opposite to the dust discharge port 411 on the cutting cylinder 410 in the cutting head assembly 400. A second exhaust pipe 510 communicating with the annular groove 508 is provided on the wall of the annular groove 508.

[0074] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a third gear 503 is provided on the rotating shaft 502, and the third gear 503 meshes with a fourth gear 504 on the output shaft of the third motor 505.

[0075] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 10 , 12 As shown in Figures 13 and 18, the upper spiral surface of the lower internal thread of the first air guide tube 401 is provided with a rubber pad 403 that mates with the upper external thread of the connecting tube 308, and a first limiting ring 402 is provided inside the first air guide tube 401 to limit the position of the connecting tube 308.

[0076] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 5 , 9 As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the cleaning assembly 600 includes a third air pump 601 mounted on an inner support of the cylindrical shell 101 and a collection cylinder 604 mounted inside a second insert 511 in the middle of the connecting frame 506. The third air pump 601 has an air intake pipe 602 at its inlet for drawing air from outside the cylindrical shell 101, and a third exhaust pipe 603 at its outlet for engaging with the lower end of the first insert 507. The upper end of the third exhaust pipe 603 is connected to the lower end of the first insert 507. The first sealing gasket 509 is fitted with a second sealing gasket 609. The top of the collection cylinder 604 is provided with an exhaust port 605. The exhaust port 605 is rotatably fitted with a fourth exhaust pipe 608 that exhausts gas to the outside of the cylindrical shell 101. The cylinder wall of the collection cylinder 604 is provided with a plurality of inlet pipes 606 that correspond one-to-one with the second exhaust pipes 510 and guide air to the bottom of the collection cylinder 604. The air inlet pipes are connected to the corresponding second exhaust pipes 510 through hoses 607. The collection cylinder 604 is filled with dust filter material.

[0077] In a further embodiment, such as Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 19, 20, and 21, a blocking assembly 700 for the opening 102 at the top of the cylindrical shell 101 is provided. The blocking assembly 700 includes a fourth motor 701 disposed at the top of the cylindrical shell 101. The output shaft of the fourth motor 701 is rotatably disposed within a bearing 702 at the top of the cylindrical shell 101. A fifth gear 703 is disposed on the output shaft of the fourth motor 701. The fifth gear 703 meshes with two racks 704 that slide in opposite directions within a fourth guide sleeve 705 at the top of the cylindrical shell 101. The ends of both racks 704 are connected to a fifth guide sleeve 707 via a third connecting rod 706. A third guide rod 708 parallel to the racks 704 is slidably disposed within each fifth guide sleeve 707. A top block 711 is disposed at the end of each third guide rod 708. A first spring 710 connects the top block 711 and the fifth guide sleeve 707. A [missing information - likely a type of spring] is disposed on the third guide rod 708. To prevent it from detaching from the first limiting block 709 of the fifth guide sleeve 707, two top blocks 711 are respectively provided with baffles 712 and strips 717. The strips 717 are slidably disposed within the sixth guide sleeve 718. The sixth guide sleeve 718 is provided with baffles 712. The baffles 712 and the fifth guide sleeve 707 are respectively slidably disposed within the limiting grooves 713 on the corresponding baffles 712. The side end of the baffle 712 is provided with a groove that cooperates with the connecting pipe 308 and is supported by the strips 717. The 7-switch has a semi-circular hole 714. The third connecting rod 706 corresponding to the baffle 712 where the strip 717 is located is connected to the fixing block 719 on the corresponding baffle 712 through the second spring 720. The end side of the baffle 712 is provided with a slot 715 that cooperates with the second limiting block 721 at the top of the cylindrical shell 101 when the two baffles 712 close the protrusion 102. The end side of the baffle 712 is provided with a stepped groove 716 that seals the two baffles 712 closed.

[0078] In this invention, the cutting head assembly 400, through its cooperation with the cleaning assembly 600 disposed within the cylindrical shell 101, can perform reverse self-cleaning of the first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413, which have accumulated many large particles. Furthermore, the dust generated during cleaning of the cutting head assembly 400 is collected without diffusion, ensuring that the air around the cutting head assembly 400 is not polluted. This, in turn, ensures the accuracy and reliability of the air detection in the corresponding area by the working cutting head assembly 400. The cleaning assembly 600's participation in the self-cleaning function of the cutting head assembly 400 eliminates the need for manual collection and return of the cutting head assembly 400 to the factory for cleaning and reuse, thereby effectively improving the cleaning and reuse efficiency of the cutting head assembly 400 and simultaneously reducing its cleaning costs. The rotating assembly 500 disposed inside the cylindrical shell 101 in this invention can realize the pre-installation of multiple cutting head assemblies 400 inside the cylindrical shell 101 and realize the automatic rotation and replacement of multiple cutting head assemblies 400. The installation of the cutting head assembly 400 onto the rotating assembly 500 is a simple and convenient insertion. Its structure is simple, its cost is low, and it is convenient for the installation and operation of the cleaning assembly 600 as a cleaning device. In this invention, the top-feeding component 300, used to establish the connection between the receiving and discharging pipe 204 in the β-ray absorption measurement component 200 and the cutting head component 400 on the rotating component 500, can push the cutting head component 400, which is connected to the receiving and discharging pipe 204 in the β-ray absorption measurement component 200, out from the protrusion 102 at the top of the cylindrical shell 101 for air detection, further improving the automation of the cutting head component 400 replacement operation. At the same time, the shielding component 700 located at the protrusion 102 can close and shield the protrusion 102 regardless of whether the cutting head component 400 is working outside the cylindrical shell 101, preventing dust or other debris in the outside air from entering the cylindrical shell 101 and contaminating the internal cutting head component 400.

[0079] The operation flow of this invention is as follows:

[0080] In the initial state, such as Figure 19As shown, the two baffles 712 of the shielding assembly 700 close the protrusion 102 at the top of the cylindrical shell 101. The second limiting block 721 is located in the slots 715 on the two baffles 712. The two first springs 710 are in a compressed state, the second spring 720 is in a stretched state, and the strip 717 is in a closed state against the semi-circular holes 714 on the two baffles 712. A collection cylinder 604 is inserted into the second insert 511. A cutting head assembly 400 is inserted into each first insert 507. The upper end of the connecting pipe 308 is retracted into the first guide sleeve 310. The cutting head assembly 400 in one of the first inserts 507 is opposite to the protrusion 102 and the connecting pipe 308. The lower end of one of the first inserts 507 is opposite to the third exhaust pipe 603 of the cleaning assembly 600, and the second sealing gasket 609 at the upper end of the third exhaust pipe 603 is in close contact with the first sealing gasket 509 at the lower end of the corresponding first insert 507. In the cutting head assembly 400, the first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413 are both in a concave state, the cone plug 417 is in an open state relative to the corresponding ring plate 421, and the second ring sleeve 420 is closed to the dust discharge port 411.

[0081] When the cutting head assembly 400 is needed to cut and separate air particles, the fourth motor 701 is first started to drive the two baffles 712 to open the protrusion 102. After the two baffles 712 are fully opened, the two first springs 710 release energy and are still in a compressed state. The two fifth guide sleeves 707 reach the limit end of the upper limit slide groove 713 of the corresponding baffle 712 under the action of the corresponding second spring 720. The second spring 720 releases energy and is still in a stretched state. The strip 717 is in an open state with the semi-circular hole 714 on the two baffles 712.

[0082] Then, the first motor 307 and the second motor 315 are started. The first motor 307 drives the first ring 304 to move upward. The lower end of the first ring 304 drives the air inlet end of the take-up and discharge pipe 204 to move accordingly. The take-up and discharge pipe 204 drives the connecting pipe 308 to move upward. At the same time, the second motor 315 drives the rotating sleeve 311 to rotate. The rotating sleeve 311 drives the connecting pipe 308 to rotate. Finally, the connecting pipe 308 enters the corresponding first insert 507 and completes a threaded connection with the first air guide pipe 401 in the corresponding cutting head assembly 400. The external thread at the upper end of the connecting pipe 308 interacts with the lower spiral surface of the internal thread of the first air guide pipe 401 and has a gap with the upper spiral surface of the internal thread of the first air guide pipe 401. After the connecting pipe 308 and the first air guide pipe 401 are connected, the connecting pipe 308 contacts the first limiting ring 402 inside the first air guide pipe 401.

[0083] like Figure 17 Then, driven by the first motor 307, the connecting pipe 308 drives the cutting head connected to it to move upwards completely to the outside of the cylindrical shell 101, and part of the connecting pipe 308 reaches the outside of the cylindrical shell 101.

[0084] Next, the fourth motor 701 is started to drive the two baffles 712 to close the protrusion 102. The connecting pipe 308 is located in the semi-circular hole 714 on the two baffles 712 and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the semi-circular hole 714 to form a seal.

[0085] After the cutting head assembly 400 reaches the outside of the cylindrical shell 101 through the protrusion 102, the cutting head assembly 400 starts working. First, the three-way valve 208 is adjusted to the side of the second air pump 211 and the second air pump 211 is started, so that the air intake at the air inlet end of the take-up and exhaust pipe 204 will not reach the ball part 205 through the flow meter 209. The second air pump 211 passes through the first exhaust pipe 210, the take-up and exhaust pipe 204, the first ring sleeve 304 and the connecting pipe 308 to the cutting head assembly 400 outside the cylindrical shell 101. The negative pressure generated in the 00 system removes the particulate air that was previously stored in the cutting head assembly 400, connecting pipe 308, and intake / exhaust pipe 204 and isolated from the outside air. This prevents the particulate air that was previously stored in the cutting head assembly 400, connecting pipe 308, and intake / exhaust pipe 204 and isolated from the outside air from contaminating the air in the corresponding area to be tested, thus ensuring the authenticity of the air detection data.

[0086] After the particulate air that was previously accumulated in the cutting head assembly 400, connecting pipe 308, and intake / exhaust pipe 204 and isolated from the outside air is expelled, the three-way valve 208 is adjusted again to the side of the β-ray absorption method measurement group to block the side of the second air pump 211 and the first air pump 207 is started. The first air pump 207 generates negative pressure in the intake / exhaust pipe 204 again. Outside air enters the cutting cylinder 410 through the annular rainproof channel formed by the rain cap 425 and the first rainproof edge 412 in the cutting head assembly 400, the vent 424 on the wall of the third ring sleeve 422, and the ring plate 421. The second rainproof edge 426 on the edge of the rain cap 425 will reduce the moisture entering the annular rainproof channel with the air, ensuring that the air entering the cutting cylinder 410 is kept as dry as possible.

[0087] The air entering the cutting cylinder 410 passes through the first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413 in sequence before entering the third air guide tube 408. The first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413 separate and block large particles in the air. PM2.5 particles in the air enter the third air guide tube 408 with the air. The air entering the third air guide tube 408 continues to be dried by the drying component 404 before reaching the first air guide tube 401. During the process of the air containing mainly PM2.5 particles passing through the drying component 404, the multiple layers of drying rods 406 in the drying component 404 effectively dry the air containing PM2.5 particles. Since each layer of drying rod 406 is parallel to its adjacent layer of drying rod 406 and forms a barrier between them, the air will bypass each layer of drying rod 406 before reaching the gap of the next layer of drying rod 406 during the process of passing through the drying component 404. Therefore, the multiple layers of drying rods 406 in the drying component 404 can effectively dry the air.

[0088] Air arriving at the first air duct 401 is discharged from the cylindrical shell 101 via the connecting pipe 308, the first annular sleeve 304, the intake and exhaust pipe 204, the three-way valve 208, the flow meter 209, the ball section 205, and the first air pump 207. When the air in the intake and exhaust pipe 204 passes through the filter membrane 201 that passes through the slit 206 on the ball section 205, PM2.5 particles in the air are retained on the filter membrane 201 to a certain thickness.

[0089] When the particle thickness on the filter membrane 201 reaches the required level, the β-ray absorption measurement group drives the filter membrane 201 to move a certain distance. The PM2.5 particles of a certain thickness collected on the filter membrane 201 reach the area between the β-ray emitter 202 and the β-ray receiver 203 for detection. The new position on the filter membrane 201 reaches the spherical part 205 and is opposite to the collection and discharge pipe 204. At the same time, the fourth motor 701 is started to drive the two baffles 712 to open the outlet 102. After the outlet 102 is opened, the first motor 307 is started to drive the connecting pipe 308 downward into the cylindrical shell 101 to reset and drive the corresponding cutting head assembly 400 into the cylindrical shell 101. After the cutting head assembly 400 enters the cylindrical shell 101, the fourth motor 701 is started to drive the two baffles 712 to close the outlet 102, and the strip 717 closes the semi-circular holes 714 on the two baffles 712.

[0090] After the work is completed and the cutting head assembly 400 returns to the cylindrical shell 101 and resets, the first motor 307 and the second motor 315 are started. The first motor 307 and the second motor 315 jointly drive the first air guide pipe 401 connected to the cutting head assembly 400 to disconnect and reset. The third motor 505 is started to drive the rotating shaft 502 to rotate the connecting frame 506. The connecting frame 506 drives all the cutting head assemblies 400 to rotate one working position. The adjacent new cutting head assembly 400 reaches below the protrusion 102 and is opposite to the connecting pipe 308.

[0091] After the new cutting head assembly 400 below the protrusion 102 reaches the outside of the cylindrical shell 101, completes its work, enters the cylindrical shell 101, resets, and disconnects from the connecting pipe 308, the third motor 505 is started to drive all the cutting head assemblies 400 to rotate one station again, so that the first air guide pipe 401 of the cutting head assembly 400 that has completed its work first is aligned with the third exhaust pipe 603 in the cleaning assembly 600. The second sealing gasket 609 at the upper end of the third exhaust pipe 603 is aligned with the first air guide pipe 401 of the cutting head assembly 400. The first sealing gasket 509 at the lower end is pressed together, thereby sealing the first air guide pipe 401 in the cutting head assembly 400 that completes its work first, and the third exhaust pipe 603. Then, the third air pump 601 is started to send clean air into the third exhaust pipe 603 through the suction pipe 602. The air entering the third exhaust pipe 603 moves upward and passes through the drying assembly 404 to push the second filter cloth 413 and the first filter cloth 414 upward. The second filter cloth 413 drives the cone plug 417 to close the ring plate 421 through the push rod 416. The plug 417, via the second connecting rod 419, drives the second ring sleeve 420 to open the dust discharge port 411. Air, pushed upwards by the drying assembly 404 through the first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413, sequentially passes through the second filter cloth 413, the first filter cloth 414, and the dust discharge port 411, reaching the annular groove 508 on the corresponding first insert 507. The air carries particles from the first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413 into the annular groove 508 on the corresponding first insert 507. The air containing particles enters the bottom of the collection cylinder 604 through the corresponding second exhaust pipe 510, hose 607 and inlet pipe 606. The particles in the air entering the bottom of the collection cylinder 604 are retained at the bottom of the collection cylinder 604 due to the obstruction of the dust filter material and will not reach the outside of the cylindrical shell 101 with the air. The air filtered by the dust filter material reaches the outside of the cylindrical shell 101 through the exhaust port 605 and the fourth exhaust pipe 608 without causing pollution to the outside world, thereby completing the reverse self-cleaning of the first filter cloth 414 and the second filter cloth 413 in the cutting head assembly 400.

[0092] like Figure 18As shown, during the operation of the cutting head assembly 400 outside the cylindrical shell 101, the connecting pipe 308 supports the cutting head assembly 400, the upper spiral surface of the internal thread of the first air guide pipe 401 of the cutting head assembly 400 abuts against the external thread of the connecting pipe 308, and the rubber pad 403 forms a shock-absorbing buffer between the connecting pipe 308 and the first air guide pipe 401 of the cutting head assembly 400, so as to prevent the cutting head assembly 400 from forming a large interaction force with the connecting pipe 308 under the action of wind and getting stuck, and to facilitate the resetting and disengagement of the connecting pipe 308 from the cutting head assembly 400.

Claims

1. A detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head, used for cutting, separating, and detecting particles in the air, characterized in that, include: The beta-ray absorption measurement assembly, housed within a cylindrical shell, is used to detect particles collected from the air. It mainly includes a filter membrane, a beta-ray emitter, a beta-ray receiver, and a collection and discharge pipe that transports the collected air to the filter membrane. A plurality of cutting head assemblies are used to cut and separate particles in the air. The cutting head assembly includes a first air guide tube, the upper end of which is connected to a third air guide tube via a drying assembly. The upper end of the third air guide tube is connected to a cutting cylinder via a conical part. The cutting cylinder is provided with a first filter cloth and a second filter cloth distributed vertically. A top rod is provided in the middle of the second filter cloth and passes through the first filter cloth upward. The upper end of the top rod is provided with a conical plug that switches the upper ring plate. The conical plug is connected to a second ring sleeve that switches the dust discharge port on the wall of the cutting cylinder via a plurality of second connecting rods. The upper end of the cutting cylinder is threadedly connected to a third ring sleeve. The upper end of the third ring sleeve is provided with a rain cap that forms an annular rainproof channel with the first rainproof edge at the upper end of the cutting cylinder. The third ring sleeve is densely covered with ventilation holes opposite to the annular rainproof channel. A rotating assembly for mounting the cutting head assembly and rotating it at the protrusion at the top of the cylindrical shell for easy replacement; Connect the top feeding assembly, which is used to connect the receiving and discharging pipe to the first air guide pipe in the cutting head assembly at the outlet and drive the cutting head assembly to vertically enter and exit the outlet; A cleaning component is used to clean the first and second filter cloths in the cutting head assembly.

2. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top rod is sealed and slides within the second guide sleeve in the middle of the first filter cloth. The top of the cone plug is provided with a second guide rod, which slides within the third guide sleeve in the middle of the rain cap. The outer side of the third ring sleeve is provided with a second limiting ring that cooperates with the upper end of the cutting cylinder. The edge of the rain cap is provided with a horizontal second rain-proof edge, and the top of the rain cap is provided with a torsion block.

3. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying assembly includes a second air guide tube that is threadedly connected to the first air guide tube and the third air guide tube. Several layers of drying rods are arranged inside the second air guide tube. Each layer of drying rods consists of several parallel drying rods. Each layer of drying rods is parallel and perpendicular to the two adjacent layers of drying rods. The two parallel layers of drying rods block each other's gaps. The two ends of the drying rods are fixed in the sleeves on the wall of the second air guide tube.

4. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving and discharging pipe is provided with a ball section, and the horizontal part of the filter membrane passes through the slit on the ball section. The receiving and discharging pipe is provided with a three-way valve, a flow meter and a first air pump. The three-way valve is located between the ball section and the air inlet end of the receiving and discharging pipe. The flow meter is located between the three-way valve and the ball section. The first air pump is located between the ball section and the exhaust end of the receiving and discharging pipe. A seventh exhaust pipe for exhausting from the outside of the cylindrical shell is connected to the three-way valve. A second air pump is provided on the seventh exhaust pipe.

5. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting top-feeding assembly includes two vertically distributed pulleys. The two pulleys are mounted on a bracket inside a cylindrical shell via axles. One axle of one pulley is connected to a first motor on the bracket. A synchronous belt is mounted on the two pulleys. The synchronous belt is connected to a sliding sleeve and a first ring sleeve via a first connecting rod. The sliding sleeve slides vertically on a first guide rod on the bracket. The lower end of the first ring sleeve is connected to a take-up and discharge pipe. A connecting pipe with a threaded lower end of a first air guide pipe is rotatably mounted inside the upper end of the first ring sleeve. The connecting pipe slides and rotates within the first guide sleeve on the bracket. A rotating sleeve that slides axially with the connecting pipe is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the first guide sleeve. Two guide blocks circumferentially spaced 180 degrees apart are mounted on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve. The guide blocks slide within guide grooves outside the connecting pipe. A first gear is mounted on the rotating sleeve. The first gear meshes with a second gear. The second gear is mounted on the output shaft of a second motor on the bracket.

6. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly includes a rotating shaft coaxial with the cylindrical shell. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted in a fourth ring on a support inside the cylindrical shell and is driven to rotate by a third motor on the support. A connecting frame is provided on the rotating shaft. The connecting frame is provided with a plurality of first inserts evenly distributed around the axis of the rotating shaft for inserting the cutting head assembly. The inner wall of the first insert is provided with an annular groove opposite to the dust discharge port on the cutting cylinder of the cutting head assembly. A second exhaust pipe communicating with the annular groove is provided on the wall of the annular groove.

7. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 6, characterized in that, A third gear is provided on the rotating shaft, and the third gear meshes with a fourth gear on the output shaft of the third motor.

8. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper spiral surface of the lower internal thread of the first air guide tube is provided with a rubber pad that mates with the upper external thread of the connecting tube, and a first limiting ring is provided inside the first air guide tube to limit the position of the connecting tube.

9. The detection device with an adaptive particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning assembly includes a third air pump mounted on a support inside a cylindrical shell and a collection cylinder located in a second sleeve in the middle of a connecting frame. The third air pump has an air intake pipe at its inlet for drawing air from outside the cylindrical shell, and an exhaust pipe at its outlet that mates with the lower end of the first sleeve. The upper end of the third exhaust pipe has a second sealing gasket that mates with a first sealing gasket at the lower end of the first sleeve. The top of the collection cylinder has an exhaust port that rotatably engages with a fourth exhaust pipe that exhausts air out of the cylindrical shell. The cylinder wall of the collection cylinder has several inlet pipes that correspond one-to-one with the second exhaust pipes and guide air to the bottom of the collection cylinder. These inlet pipes are connected to the corresponding second exhaust pipes via flexible hoses. The collection cylinder is filled with dust filter material.

10. The detection device with an adaptive replaceable particulate matter detection cutting head according to claim 5, characterized in that, A blocking assembly for its opening and closing is provided at the protrusion at the top of the cylindrical shell. The blocking assembly includes a fourth motor located at the top of the cylindrical shell. The output shaft of the fourth motor is rotatably mounted within a bearing at the top of the cylindrical shell. A fifth gear is mounted on the output shaft of the fourth motor. The fifth gear meshes with two racks that slide in opposite directions within a fourth guide sleeve at the top of the cylindrical shell. The ends of both racks are connected to a fifth guide sleeve via a third connecting rod. A third guide rod, parallel to the racks, is slidably mounted within each fifth guide sleeve. A top block is provided at the end of each third guide rod. A first spring connects the top block to the fifth guide sleeve. A... There is a first limiting block to prevent it from detaching from the fifth guide sleeve. The two top blocks are respectively provided with baffles and strips. The strips are slidably disposed in the sixth guide sleeve. The sixth guide sleeve is provided with a baffle. The baffle and the fifth guide sleeve slide in the limiting grooves on the corresponding baffles. The side end of the baffle is provided with a semi-circular hole that cooperates with the connecting pipe and is opened and closed by the strip. The third connecting rod corresponding to the baffle where the strip is located is connected to the fixing block on the corresponding baffle through a second spring. The end side of the baffle is provided with a slot that cooperates with the second limiting block at the top of the cylindrical shell when the two baffles close their protrusions. The end side of the baffle is provided with a stepped groove that seals the two baffles closed.

Images