An integrated equipment for grinding and dispensing soil samples

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of soil sample processing, and particularly to an integrated soil sample grinding and dispensing device. The device includes a grinding cylinder, a grinding jar housed within the grinding cylinder via two vertically distributed annular mounting plates to hold the soil sample to be ground, and multiple replaceable grinding heads of different grinding precisions arranged around the grinding jar. A grinding device is positioned above the grinding jar and cooperates with the grinding heads to grind the soil sample within the grinding jar. Multiple sieving devices are located at the bottom of the lower annular mounting plates to sieve the ground soil sample within the grinding jar. A dispensing device is located within the grinding cylinder via an annular bottom support plate, below the sieving devices, to mix and distribute the sieved soil sample evenly. Below the dispensing device is a dispensing device to dispense or circulate the dispensing soil sample back into the grinding jar for further grinding, resulting in soil samples of different particle sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of soil sample processing, and in particular to an integrated equipment for grinding and dispensing soil samples. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of environmental monitoring, agricultural research, geological exploration, and other fields, the demand for soil sample analysis and testing is increasing. In environmental monitoring, it is necessary to accurately determine the content of heavy metals and pollutants in the soil to assess environmental quality; in agricultural research, it is necessary to analyze the nutrient content and physicochemical properties of the soil to provide a basis for precise fertilization and soil improvement. These testing projects all require pretreatment operations such as grinding and dispensing of soil samples to ensure the homogeneity and representativeness of the samples and meet the requirements of subsequent high-precision testing.

[0003] Traditional soil sample processing mainly relies on manual grinding and mechanical grinding. Manual grinding is inefficient and time-consuming for single sample processing, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale testing. While mechanical grinding improves efficiency, it easily mixes impurities such as plant roots into the sample, resulting in poor soil quality. Furthermore, the frictional heat generated during the grinding process can affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

[0004] In existing technologies, such as the farmland soil sample grinding and dispensing equipment disclosed in CN110270427B, impurities such as plant roots, stones, and gravel are sieved through a vibrating sieve device, and a double-push-rod mechanism is used to improve coarse grinding efficiency. However, this technology still has significant drawbacks:

[0005] On the one hand, the existing technology uses double wedge-shaped pressure blocks to perform partitioned hammer grinding of the primary filter sample, and the sample after partitioned grinding is not fully mixed and directly packaged, resulting in uneven distribution of sample components in the coarse grinding storage chamber and the grinding chamber, which affects the accuracy and repeatability of subsequent detection.

[0006] On the other hand, the existing technology mentioned above uses a binary method to divide the sample, which can only support two grinding operations. If three or more grinding operations are required (such as refining from 60 mesh to 200 mesh), multiple grinding devices are required. Moreover, the sample amount decreases geometrically after each binary division (such as 100g-50g-25g), resulting in a large difference in the final sample amount. This imbalance leads to data deviations in ultra-trace heavy metal detection due to the uneven sample amount, which cannot meet the requirement of sample amount uniformity for trace analysis.

[0007] Based on this, traditional soil sample processing equipment suffers from insufficient grinding uniformity and imbalance due to multiple grinding processes. Therefore, the existing technologies mentioned above still have room for optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an integrated equipment for grinding and dispensing soil samples.

[0009] A soil sample grinding and dispensing integrated device includes:

[0010] Grinding cylinder;

[0011] The grinding jar is installed inside the grinding cylinder via two vertically distributed annular mounting plates to hold the soil sample to be ground. Multiple replaceable grinding heads with different grinding precisions are provided around the grinding jar.

[0012] A grinding device is located above the grinding tank and works with the grinding head to grind the soil sample inside the grinding tank. The bottom of the annular mounting plate below is equipped with multiple sieving devices to sieve the ground soil sample inside the grinding tank.

[0013] The equalization device is located inside the grinding cylinder via an annular bottom plate and below the sieving device to mix and evenly distribute the sieved soil sample. Below the equalization device is a dispensing device to dispense or circulate the equalized soil sample to the grinding tank for further grinding to obtain soil samples of different particle sizes.

[0014] Preferably, the equalizing device includes an equalizing disk rotatably mounted on an annular base plate, an equalizing shaft rotatably passing through the axis of the equalizing disk, a sleeve installed at the bottom axis of the equalizing disk, the equalizing shaft passing through the sleeve and a sliding sleeve slidably provided inside the sleeve along the axis of the equalizing shaft, an equalizing blade installed at the upper end of the sliding sleeve after sliding out of the sleeve, and an equalizing motor connected to the equalizing shaft and an output shaft installed at the bottom of the equalizing disk.

[0015] Preferably, a sliding plate is rotatably fitted at the bottom of the sleeve, and a push rod with a telescopic end connected to the sliding plate is installed at the bottom inside the sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the equalization plate is provided with a discharge port, and a liftable discharge baffle is provided at the discharge port to change the angle between the discharge baffle and the equalization blades to achieve equalization of soil samples.

[0017] Preferably, the discharge baffle is a hollow shell structure with an opening at the lower end, and an inlet hole is provided on one side of the discharge baffle.

[0018] Preferably, a horizontal support is provided on one side of the lower end of the discharge baffle, and a guide rod is slidably mounted on the horizontal support. The upper end of the guide rod is fixed to the bottom of the equalizing plate, and a limiting protrusion is provided at the bottom of the guide rod. Two electromagnetic plates with opposite magnetic properties are provided between the horizontal support and the bottom of the equalizing plate.

[0019] Preferably, the dispensing device includes a partition plate vertically disposed at the center below the equalizing plate, and a guide funnel installed on the inner wall of the grinding cylinder on both sides of the partition plate. One guide funnel has an outlet pipe at its bottom, and the other guide funnel has a downwardly inclined guide pipe at its bottom.

[0020] Preferably, the grinding cylinder is provided with a longitudinally extending circulation pipe, the lower end of the guide pipe is connected to the bottom of the circulation pipe, and the upper end of the circulation pipe is successively installed on the annular mounting plate above the grinding tank after passing through an annular bottom support plate and an annular mounting plate from bottom to top. A spiral rod is rotatably installed inside the circulation pipe.

[0021] Preferably, the upper end of the circulation pipe is provided with an inclined pipe facing downward towards the grinding tank, and the two ends of the inclined pipe are respectively connected to the circulation pipe and the grinding tank.

[0022] Preferably, a gear ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the equalizing disk, and a motor is mounted on the annular base plate via a bracket. A gear that meshes with the gear ring is mounted on the output end of the motor.

[0023] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] I. This invention, through the cooperation of a distribution plate, adjustable distribution blades, and discharge baffle, can adjust the angle between the distribution blades and the discharge baffle as needed, so that the sample is evenly sprinkled, spread, and divided into equal areas in the distribution plate, and the sample is pushed to the discharge port as needed, ensuring that the amount of each sample is basically consistent and meeting the experimental requirements for sample uniformity.

[0025] Second, the grinding tank of the present invention is surrounded by replaceable grinding heads with different grinding precisions such as coarse, medium, fine, and ultrafine. Combined with the screen with the appropriate aperture in the sieving device, it realizes multi-stage grinding from coarse grinding to ultrafine grinding and accurately separates samples with different particle sizes.

[0026] Third, this invention allows the evenly divided sample to be dispensed through an outlet tube or transported to a grinding jar for further grinding via a guide tube and a circulation tube. The distribution disc is driven by a motor to rotate and switch the outlet position, enabling switching between dispensing and circulation functions. It also supports dynamic adjustment of multi-gradient equal-division ratios, avoiding sample imbalance caused by repeated grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the equalization device and the packaging device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dispensing device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge baffle of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dispensing device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding device of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding device of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sieving device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 In this invention Figure 8 A magnified view of part A.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sieving component of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0038] Figure 11 In this invention Figure 10 A magnified view of section B.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the sieving component of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0040] In the diagram, 1. Grinding cylinder; 2. Cover plate; 3. Grinding jar; 101. Annular mounting plate; 4. Grinding head; 5. Grinding device; 6. Sieving device; 7. Equalizing device; 102. Annular bottom support plate; 8. Dispensing device; 701. Equalizing disc; 702. Equalizing shaft; 703. Sleeve; 704. Sliding sleeve; 705. Equalizing blade; 706. Sliding plate; 707. Push rod; 708. Discharge baffle; 709. Equalizing motor; 710. Support frame; 711. Horizontal support; 712. Guide slide rod; 713. Gear ring one; 714. Motor one; 715. Gear one; 801. Divider plate; 802. Guide funnel; 803. Outlet pipe; 804. Guide pipe; 805. Circulation pipe; 806. Inclined pipe; 807. Circulation... Motor; 103, Placement cylinder; 501, Rotating disc; 502, Moving slide rail; 503, Lifting frame; 504, Grinding mounting frame; 505, Eccentric rod; 506, Limiting block; 507, Electric push rod one; 508, Screw; 509, Lifting motor; 511, Elastic telescopic rod; 512, Gear ring two; 513, Motor two; 514, Gear two; 515, Protective shell; 601, Mounting ring; 602, Slide groove; 603, T-shaped slide rod; 604, Side wall seat; 605, Multi-stage telescopic rod; 606, Screen; 607, Collection ring; 608, Auxiliary ring plate; 609, Support ring protrusion; 610, Push bracket; 611, Electric push rod two; 612, Push sleeve; 613, Limiting rod; 614, Limiting spring. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following combination Figures 1-12 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] Reference Figure 1 A soil sample grinding and dispensing integrated device, comprising:

[0044] The grinding cylinder 1 is designed as a cylindrical structure with a wear-resistant coating on the inner wall. The grinding cylinder 1 is a hollow shell structure with an open top, and the top of the grinding cylinder 1 is covered with a cover plate 2 to ensure that it is in a sealed state during grinding.

[0045] The grinding jar 3 is mounted inside the grinding cylinder 1 via two vertically distributed annular mounting plates 101 to hold the soil sample to be ground. Multiple replaceable grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions are arranged around the grinding jar 3. Figure 6 (as shown in the image); two annular mounting plates 101 are distributed vertically and fixed to the inner wall of the grinding cylinder 1 to fix the grinding jar 3 inside the grinding cylinder 1.

[0046] The grinding device 5 is located above the grinding tank 3 and cooperates with the grinding head 4 to grind the soil sample in the grinding tank 3. The bottom of the annular mounting plate 101 below is provided with multiple sieving devices 6 to sieve the ground soil sample in the grinding tank 3.

[0047] The equalization device 7 is installed inside the grinding cylinder 1 via an annular bottom support plate 102 and is located below the sieving device 6 to mix and evenly distribute the sieved soil sample. Below the equalization device 7 is a dispensing device 8, which dispenses or circulates the evenly distributed soil sample to the grinding tank 3 for further grinding to obtain soil samples of different particle sizes.

[0048] This application uses four grinding heads 4 with different grinding precision as an example to perform four-stage grinding on a soil sample to ensure uniform particle size. By adjusting the equalization device 7, the four collected soil samples are dispensed in equal quantities.

[0049] First, open cover 2 and place the air-dried soil sample to be ground into the grinding jar 3. Close cover 2. Initially, select the coarse grinding head, i.e., the coarse grinding head installed at the execution end of the grinding device 5 and stored around the grinding jar 3. Then move it into the grinding jar 3 and start the grinding device 5 for preliminary grinding. After the soil sample reaches the preset coarseness, it is sieved through the sieve device 6. The fine particles fall into the equalization device 7 and are mixed and evenly distributed. One-quarter of the soil sample is distributed into sample containers (not shown in the figure), and the remaining three-quarters of the soil sample is recycled back into the grinding jar. In grinding jar 3, the medium-fine grinding head is replaced for secondary grinding. After passing through sieving device 6 and equalization device 7, one-third of the soil sample is dispensed into sample containers. The remaining two-thirds are recycled and ground again. The fine grinding head is replaced, and the above steps are repeated to dispense half of the soil sample into sample containers. Finally, the remaining soil sample is recycled back into grinding jar 3, the ultrafine grinding head is replaced, and it is ground for the final time. Then, all of it is dispensed into sample containers, resulting in four bottles of equal volume soil samples with progressively decreasing particle size. This ensures the accuracy and consistency of experimental data and meets different scientific research needs.

[0050] Grinding precision is achieved through the surface structure of the grinding head 4 (such as the depth of the groove and the coating process), corresponding to different particle size grinding requirements. For example, the surface of the coarse grinding head is equipped with deep groove serrations, and the surface of the fine grinding head is treated with a nano-coating.

[0051] The grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions can flexibly adjust the grinding intensity according to the fineness requirements of the soil sample, ensuring uniform fineness of the sample. For example, for coarse grinding, grinding heads 4 with deep grooves or serrated protrusions on the surface can be selected, and the main material of the coarse grinding head can be 316L stainless steel with tungsten carbide alloy inlaid on the surface to improve wear resistance and grinding efficiency. For medium and fine grinding, the main material can be alumina ceramic with a zirconia toughening layer sintered on the surface to balance hardness and toughness. For fine grinding, tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy is selected with finely polished surface to ensure grinding precision. For ultrafine grinding, high-purity zirconia is selected with nano-coating treatment on the surface to further improve wear resistance and grinding precision to meet the requirements of ultrafine particles.

[0052] Furthermore, if heavy metal testing is being performed on soil samples, a metal grinding head 4 may leach trace amounts into the sample during the grinding process, affecting the test results. Therefore, when testing heavy metals in soil samples, a non-metallic grinding head 4, such as agate or high-purity alumina ceramic, should be selected to avoid metal ion contamination.

[0053] See Figures 2 to 5As shown, the equalization device 7 includes an equalization disk 701 rotatably mounted on an annular base plate 102. An equalization shaft 702 is rotatably inserted through the axis of the equalization disk 701. A sleeve 703 is installed at the bottom axis of the equalization disk 701. The upper surface of the sleeve 703 is a conical surface that slopes downward from top to bottom. The conical surface can prevent soil samples after being sieved by the sieve device 6 from accumulating on the upper surface of the sleeve 703, ensuring that the samples slide evenly into the equalization disk 701. The equalization shaft 702 passes through the sleeve 703 and a sliding sleeve 704 is slidably installed inside the sleeve 703 along the axial direction of the equalization shaft 702. That is, the sliding sleeve 704 and the equalization shaft 702 can only move axially and cannot rotate relative to each other. After the upper end of the sliding sleeve 704 slides out of the sleeve 703, an equalization blade 705 is installed.

[0054] The blades rotate with the equalization shaft 702, evenly scattering the sieved soil sample around the equalization disk 701 to ensure thorough mixing. The bottom of the sliding sleeve 704 is fitted with a sliding plate 706, and a push rod 707 with a telescopic end connected to the sliding plate 706 is installed at the bottom of the sleeve 703. The push rod 707 can preferably be a servo electric push rod to control the sliding sleeve 704 and the equalization blades 705 to move up and down along the equalization shaft 702. The push rod 707 can extend and retract to adjust the height of the blades to adapt to different amounts of soil sample and ensure the equalization effect.

[0055] The equalization disc 701 has a discharge port at its bottom and a liftable discharge baffle 708 at the discharge port. By rotating the equalization shaft 702, the equalization blades 705 are driven to rotate, thereby changing the angle between the discharge baffle 708 and the equalization blades 705 to achieve equalization of the soil sample. At the same time, by controlling the lifting and lowering of the discharge baffle 708, the equalization and packaging of the soil sample are achieved.

[0056] Furthermore, a distribution motor 709 connected to the distribution shaft 702 is installed at the bottom of the distribution disk 701. The distribution motor 709 drives the distribution shaft 702 to rotate, thereby driving the distribution blades 705 to mix and distribute the soil sample. At the same time, the angle between the distribution blades 705 and the discharge baffle 708 is controlled to ensure that the soil sample is evenly distributed during the distribution process. The distribution motor 709 can preferably be a servo motor to achieve precise control of the rotation speed and position of the distribution blades 705, further optimizing the distribution effect.

[0057] In summary, after the soil sample falls into the equalization disk 701, the equalization motor 709 drives the equalization shaft 702 to rotate, the blades evenly distribute the sample, and the push rod 707 adjusts the height of the equalization blades 705 to ensure thorough mixing of the sample. Simultaneously, as the equalization blades 705 rotate and rise, the soil sample is evenly spread within the equalization disk 701. Then, depending on the required number of divisions, such as four equal divisions, the equalization motor 709 controls the equalization blades 705 to rotate to a specific angle, ensuring that the equalization blades 705 and the discharge baffle 700 are aligned. 8 forms a 90° angle, dividing the soil sample into four equal parts within the equalization plate 701. Then, the discharge baffle 708 is raised and lowered, and the equalization motor 709 drives the equalization blades 705 to rotate toward the discharge baffle 708, pushing one-quarter of the soil sample to the discharge port and guiding it out into the sample container. The remaining three-quarters of the sample are pushed to the discharge port by rotating the equalization blades 705, and then circulated back to the grinding tank 3 for grinding again until all samples are dispensed as needed, ensuring that the amount of each sample is basically consistent.

[0058] The upper end of the equalization disk 701 is equipped with a support frame 710, and the upper end of the equalization shaft 702 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 710. The equalization shaft 702 is fixed by the support frame 710 to ensure that the equalization blade 705 operates stably during rotation. The upper surface of the support frame 710 is set as an inclined surface to prevent soil samples from accumulating on the support frame 710.

[0059] The discharge baffle 708 is a hollow shell structure with an opening at the lower end, and an inlet hole is provided on one side of the discharge baffle 708. When the discharge baffle 708 is lowered to the lowest position, the upper surface of the discharge baffle 708 is completely in contact with the bottom of the equalization plate 701 and is at the same level, so as to ensure that the soil sample will not leak through the discharge port before it is mixed and evenly distributed. When the discharge baffle 708 is raised to the preset height, that is, the lower surface of the inlet hole is at the same level as the bottom of the equalization plate 701, the soil sample can flow evenly into the discharge baffle 708 through the inlet hole, and then flow out evenly through the lower opening of the discharge baffle 708.

[0060] A horizontal support 711 is provided on one side of the lower end of the discharge baffle 708. A guide rod 712 slides longitudinally through the horizontal support 711. The upper end of the guide rod 712 is fixed to the bottom of the equalizing plate 701, and a limiting protrusion is provided at the bottom of the guide rod 712 to prevent the discharge baffle 708 from descending excessively and to ensure its stable movement within a preset range. In addition, a dustproof rubber sleeve (not shown in the figure) is fitted on the outside of the guide rod 712 to prevent dust from entering the sliding gap and to ensure smooth lifting and lowering of the discharge baffle 708. The horizontal support 711 is a counterweight with a certain weight to ensure that the discharge baffle 708 can move smoothly when the electromagnetic plate is de-energized.

[0061] Two electromagnetic plates with opposite magnetic properties are provided between the bottom of the horizontal support 711 and the distribution plate 701. The lifting and lowering of the discharge baffle 708 is controlled by the attraction and release of the electromagnetic plates to ensure accurate positioning.

[0062] See Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the dispensing device 8 includes a partition plate 801 vertically disposed at the center below the equalization plate 701. On both sides of the partition plate 801, there are guide funnels 802 installed on the inner side wall of the grinding cylinder 1. One of the guide funnels 802 has an outlet pipe 803 at its bottom. A sample container (not shown in the figure) is placed at the bottom of the grinding cylinder 1 to collect the soil sample discharged through the outlet pipe 803, thereby facilitating subsequent testing of the soil sample in the sample container.

[0063] Another guide funnel 802 has a downwardly inclined guide tube 804 at its bottom. A longitudinally extending circulation tube 805 is provided inside the grinding cylinder 1. The lower end of the guide tube 804 is connected to the bottom of the circulation tube 805. The upper end of the circulation tube 805 is sequentially fitted with an annular bottom support plate 102 and an annular mounting plate 101 from bottom to top and then installed on the annular mounting plate 101 above the grinding tank 3. A spiral rod (not shown in the figure) is rotatably installed inside the circulation tube 805. The spiral rod is provided with spiral blades. By rotating the spiral blades, the soil sample is pushed from bottom to top to the upper end of the circulation tube 805. The spiral blades adopt a variable pitch design, with the pitch gradually increasing from bottom to top. The surface of the blades is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene to reduce sample adhesion. Similarly, the relevant structural components in this application are all treated with surface coating to reduce sample adhesion.

[0064] The upper end of the circulation pipe 805 is provided with an inclined tube 806 facing downward towards the grinding tank 3. The two ends of the inclined tube 806 are connected to the circulation pipe 805 and the grinding tank 3 respectively. Therefore, after the soil sample is transported to the upper end of the circulation pipe 805 by the screw rod, it is introduced into the grinding tank 3 through the inclined tube 806 to achieve the re-grinding of the soil sample.

[0065] A circulating motor 807 is installed on the annular mounting plate 101 located at the upper end of the grinding tank 3. The output end of the circulating motor 807 is connected to the upper end of the screw rod to drive the screw rod to rotate and transport the soil sample.

[0066] Furthermore, to determine whether the soil sample on the equalization plate 701 is dispensed or continues to be circulated and ground, this application provides a gear ring 713 on the outer wall of the equalization plate 701. A motor 714 is mounted on the annular base plate 102 via a bracket. A gear 715 meshing with the gear ring 713 is installed at the output end of the motor 714. The motor 714 drives the gear 715 to rotate the gear ring 713, causing the equalization plate 701 to rotate and switch between different equalization positions. That is, when the outlet of the equalization plate 701 rotates to above the guide funnel 802 with the outlet pipe 803 installed, the soil sample is dispensed; while when the outlet of the equalization plate 701 rotates to above the guide funnel 802 with the guide pipe 804 installed, the sample is circulated and ground, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of sample processing.

[0067] This application achieves equal division of the sample by rotating and flattening the sample using the equalizing blade 705 and adjusting the angle between the equalizing blade 705 and the discharge baffle 708. Due to the physical characteristics of the soil sample (such as particle size distribution, moisture, and viscosity), there may be a certain proportional error in the equalization process. This error originates from the difference in frictional resistance between sample particles, resulting in uneven distribution of the sample on the equalizing disk 701, and the angular control tolerance between the equalizing shaft 702 and the discharge baffle 708 (which depends on the control of the servo motor). Therefore, the equalization accuracy of this application is controllable within a certain range. The dynamic adjustment of the equalization ratio under multi-gradient grinding (such as one-quarter-one-third-one-half-full dispensing) avoids the sample quantity imbalance caused by multiple grinding in traditional equipment (such as the prior art mentioned in the background). Therefore, this application can achieve accurate equal division of the sample within a certain range, ensuring that the final collected sample quantity is basically consistent and meets experimental requirements.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] Based on Embodiment 1, in order to improve the cyclic grinding of soil samples at different degrees, this application provides a grinding device 5 and a sieving device 6, which are designed to quickly switch grinding heads 4 with different grinding precision and quickly sieve the ground soil samples.

[0070] See Figure 6 As shown, this application has a plurality of placement cylinders 103 circumferentially installed between two annular mounting plates 101 for placing grinding heads 4 with different grinding precision.

[0071] See Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the grinding device 5 includes a rotating disc 501 that is rotatably embedded in the cover plate 2. The lower end of the rotating disc 501 is provided with a movable slide rail 502. A lifting frame 503 with a U-shaped structure is slidably provided on the movable slide rail 502. A grinding mounting frame 504 is slidably provided on the vertical section of the lifting frame 503. A grinding motor and an eccentric rod 505 are installed at the bottom of the grinding mounting frame 504. One end of the eccentric rod 505 is connected to the grinding motor, and the other end is detachably connected to the grinding head 4.

[0072] The grinding motor starts to drive the eccentric rod 505 to rotate, causing the other end of the eccentric rod 505 to drive the grinding head 4 to swing inside the grinding tank 3, so as to grind the soil sample inside the grinding tank 3. After grinding is completed, the grinding mounting frame 504 drives the grinding head 4 to move upward along the lifting frame 503 until the bottom of the grinding head 4 is disengaged from the upper port of the grinding tank 3. Then, the grinding mounting frame 504 is moved as a whole above the placement cylinder 103 by the moving slide rail 502. After aligning with the required grinding head 4, the grinding mounting frame 504 is lowered to place the grinding head 4 on the eccentric rod 505 into the placement cylinder 103, thereby removing the grinding head 4 and driving it to move upward. The grinding mounting bracket 504 moves upward, causing the lower end of the eccentric rod 505 to disengage from the upper port of the placement cylinder 103. Then, the rotating disk 501 is driven to rotate, aligning the eccentric rod 505 with the grinding head 4 inside another placement cylinder 103. The grinding mounting bracket 504 is lowered, and the eccentric rod 505 is inserted into the placement cylinder 103 and connected to the new grinding head 4. The above steps are repeated to quickly switch between grinding heads 4 with different grinding precisions. Then, the lifting bracket 503 is moved in the opposite direction along the moving slide rail 502 until the bottom of the grinding head 4 re-enters the grinding jar 3 to continue the next stage of grinding treatment, ensuring uniform grinding of the sample under different grinding precisions.

[0073] The lifting frame 503 has a limiting block 506 mounted on its top, which slides on the moving slide rail 502. The rotating disc 501 has an electric push rod 507 with its output end connected to the limiting block 506 mounted on its bottom. The electric push rod 507 is a high-precision servo electric push rod, and its output end is fixedly connected to the limiting block 506. It calibrates the moving position of the lifting frame 503 in real time to ensure that the grinding mounting frame 504 accurately aligns with the interface of the placement cylinder 103 or the grinding tank 3 when the grinding head 4 is replaced, thus avoiding installation failure of the grinding head 4 or shaking during the grinding process due to positional deviation.

[0074] The lifting frame 503 is provided with a slide rod and a screw rod 508 along the vertical section, and a lifting motor 509 with its output end connected to the screw rod 508 is installed on the lifting frame 503. The screw rod 508 is rotatably inserted through the lifting frame 503, and the grinding mounting frame 504 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 508. The slide rod is slidably inserted through the grinding mounting frame 504. The lifting motor 509 drives the screw rod 508 to rotate, thereby moving the grinding mounting frame 504 up and down along the slide rod to control the lifting and lowering of the grinding mounting frame 504, which facilitates the subsequent replacement and grinding of the grinding head 4.

[0075] Due to the design of the eccentric rod 505, the grinding head 4 will swing axially around the output shaft of the grinding motor, forming a complex grinding trajectory. However, when replacing the grinding head 4, there is a situation where the eccentric rod 505 cannot be accurately aligned with the grinding head 4 for connection. Therefore, this application installs a vertically upward elastic telescopic rod 511 at the corner of the eccentric rod 505. The bottom of the grinding mounting bracket 504 has a groove (not shown in the figure) that matches the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 511, and the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 511 is embedded with a ball (not shown in the figure). When the grinding motor starts and drives the grinding head 4 to rotate normally for grinding, the telescopic end of the telescopic rod rolls at the bottom of the grinding mounting bracket 504 through the ball, ensuring that the telescopic end of the telescopic rod does not collide with the grinding mounting bracket 504 and interfere with the rotation of the grinding head 4. When replacing the grinding head 4, the grinding motor drives the eccentric rod 505 to rotate. When the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 511 is embedded in the groove, it can ensure that the eccentric rod 505 is accurately aligned with the placement cylinder 103, so as to ensure the subsequent disassembly and replacement of the grinding head 4.

[0076] The upper end of the rotating disk 501 is fitted with a gear ring 512. A motor 513 is mounted on the cover plate 2 via a bracket. The output end of the motor 513 is fitted with a gear 514 that meshes with the gear ring 512. The motor 513 drives the gear 514 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear ring 512 and the rotating disk 501 to rotate synchronously. This ensures that the eccentric rod 505 is accurately aligned with the target placement cylinder 103, enabling the rapid replacement of the grinding head 4. In addition, the motor 513 is preferably a servo motor, which ensures that the eccentric rod 505 can be accurately positioned each time the grinding head 4 is replaced, reducing errors.

[0077] The cover plate 2 is provided with a protective shell 515 to protect components such as motor 2 513, gear ring 2 512, gear 2 514 and rotating disk 501.

[0078] Furthermore, the eccentric rod 505 and the grinding head 4 are connected by magnetism. That is, a magnet (not shown in the figure) is installed at the lower end of the eccentric rod 505, and an electromagnet with corresponding magnetic poles (not shown in the figure) is embedded in the grinding head 4 connection hole. When the electromagnet is energized, the magnet and the electromagnet attract each other, achieving a quick and firm connection. When the power is off, they can be easily separated, simplifying the operation process and improving the replacement efficiency.

[0079] See Figures 8 to 12 As shown, the sieving device 6 includes multiple mounting rings 601 that correspond one-to-one with the grinding head 4. A sieving component is installed inside the mounting ring 601. The mounting ring 601 is slidably mounted on the annular mounting plate 101 via a sliding component. The sieving component in each mounting ring 601 cooperates with the corresponding grinding head 4, that is, when the grinding head 4 performs grinding operations, the sieving component operates synchronously.

[0080] Specifically, the sliding assembly includes a groove 602 formed on the annular mounting plate 101 and a T-shaped slide rod 603 adapted to the groove 602. The T-shaped slide rod 603 is installed on a side wall seat 604 provided on the side wall of the mounting ring 601. A multi-stage telescopic rod 605 is installed at the bottom of the annular mounting plate 101 through a mounting bracket. The telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic rod 605 is connected to the side wall seat 604. The multi-stage telescopic rod 605 adjusts the position of the mounting ring 601 by telescopic adjustment, thereby adjusting the position of the sieving assembly. The multi-stage telescopic rod 605 can preferably be a high-precision electric telescopic rod to ensure that the screen 606 is accurately aligned with the mounting hole of the grinding tank 3, avoiding problems such as sieving failure or sample leakage due to positional deviation.

[0081] The sieving assembly includes a screen 606. The bottom of the grinding tank 3 has an installation hole that matches the screen 606. The screen 606 is embedded into the bottom of the grinding tank 3 through the installation hole, ensuring that the grinding material is effectively separated through the screen 606 during the grinding process. The screen 606 is made of a highly wear-resistant material to extend its service life.

[0082] In addition, it should be noted that the aperture size of the 606 screen is compatible with the grinding heads 4 of different grinding precision to achieve precise separation under different grinding requirements and ensure the grinding effect.

[0083] A collection ring 607 is detachably installed at the bottom of the screen 606. An auxiliary ring plate 608 is provided on the outer wall of the collection ring 607. The mounting ring 601 is constructed as an annular structure with a cross-section of U. The auxiliary ring plate 608 slides and fits against the inner wall of the mounting ring 601. An upwardly extending support ring protrusion 609 is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the mounting ring 601. The support ring protrusion 609 provides support and limit for the auxiliary ring plate 608.

[0084] The bottom of the collection ring 607 is equipped with a pusher bracket 610, the upper surface of which is constructed as an inclined surface to prevent soil samples from accumulating on the pusher bracket 610; the top of the equalizing shaft 702 is constructed as a hollow structure with an open top, and an electric pusher rod 611 (using a high-precision micro electric pusher rod to ensure uniform sealing pressure when the sieve 606 is embedded in the mounting hole, preventing sample leakage) is installed inside the hollow structure; a pusher sleeve 612 is slidably fitted on the top of the equalizing shaft 702, and the output end of the electric pusher rod 611 is located at... Inside the push sleeve 612, with the output end in contact with the top of the push sleeve 612, the electric push rod 611 drives the push sleeve 612 to move up and down. The push sleeve 612 pushes the push bracket 610 to move upward, which in turn pushes the collection ring 607 and the screen 606 on it to move upward until the screen 606 is successfully embedded in the mounting hole, so as to achieve a tight fit between the screen 606 and the grinding tank 3 and ensure efficient separation of the grinding material. The purpose of setting the push sleeve 612 is to prevent soil samples from entering the hollow structure opened at the top of the equalizing shaft 702.

[0085] Furthermore, the auxiliary ring plate 608 is circumferentially equipped with multiple limiting rods 613. The lower end of the limiting rod 613 slides through the bottom of the mounting ring 601 and is provided with a limiting protrusion. A limiting spring 614 is installed between the limiting protrusion and the bottom of the mounting ring 601.

[0086] Therefore, when it is necessary to remove the screen 606 from the mounting hole, the electric push rod 611 drives the push sleeve 612 downward in the reverse direction. Under the push of the limit spring 614, the auxiliary ring plate 608 and the collecting ring 607 move downward together. At the same time, the collecting ring 607 will drive the screen 606 to move downward synchronously, removing the screen 606 from the mounting hole until the lower end of the auxiliary ring plate 608 abuts against the support ring protrusion 609. At this time, the mounting ring 601 is moved to the initial position by the sliding component. Then, according to the rotating grinding head 4, the appropriate screen 606 is selected. Then, the mounting ring 601 with the screen 606 is moved to the mounting hole position at the bottom of the grinding tank 3 by the corresponding sliding component. Then, the screen 606 is smoothly embedded into the mounting hole by the electric push rod 611 again, ensuring that the screen 606 is tightly fitted with the grinding tank 3. Repeating the above operation can realize the quick replacement of the screen 606 under different grinding needs, improving work efficiency.

[0087] In addition, to facilitate observation of soil sample grinding, sieving and dispensing, the outer wall of the grinding cylinder 1 of this application can be embedded with a transparent observation window (not shown in the figure), through which the grinding process can be monitored in real time; at the same time, to facilitate the placement of sample containers at the bottom of the grinding cylinder 1, a detachable movable door (not shown in the figure) is installed on the bottom side wall of the grinding cylinder 1. The movable door adopts a snap-on design, which is easy to open and close, ensuring that the sample containers can be placed and removed quickly and accurately.

[0088] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and not restrictive.

[0089] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An integrated equipment for grinding and dispensing soil samples, characterized in that, include: Grinding cylinder; The grinding jar is installed inside the grinding cylinder via two annular mounting plates distributed vertically to hold the soil sample to be ground. Multiple replaceable grinding heads with different grinding precisions are provided around the grinding jar. The grinding device is located above the grinding tank and works with the grinding head to grind the soil sample inside the grinding tank. The bottom of the annular mounting plate below is equipped with multiple sieving devices to sieve the ground soil sample inside the grinding tank. The equalization device is located inside the grinding cylinder via an annular bottom plate and below the sieving device to mix and evenly distribute the sieved soil sample. Below the equalization device is a dispensing device to dispense or circulate the equalized soil sample to the grinding tank for further grinding to obtain soil samples of different particle sizes. The equal distribution device includes an equal distribution disk rotatably mounted on an annular base plate, an equal distribution shaft rotatably passing through the axis of the equal distribution disk, a sleeve installed at the bottom axis of the equal distribution disk, the equal distribution shaft passing through the sleeve and a sliding sleeve sliding along the axis of the equal distribution shaft inside the sleeve, an equal distribution blade installed after the upper end of the sliding sleeve slides out of the sleeve, and an equal distribution motor connected to the equal distribution shaft is installed at the bottom of the equal distribution disk; A sliding plate is rotatably fitted at the bottom of the sleeve, and a push rod with a telescopic end connected to the sliding plate is installed at the bottom inside the sleeve. The bottom of the equalization plate is equipped with a discharge port, and a liftable discharge baffle is provided at the discharge port. The angle between the discharge baffle and the equalization blade is changed to achieve equal distribution of soil samples. The dispensing device includes a partition plate vertically positioned at the center below the equalizing plate, and guide funnels installed on the inner wall of the grinding cylinder on both sides of the partition plate. One guide funnel has an outlet pipe at its bottom, and the other guide funnel has a downward-sloping guide pipe at its bottom. The grinding cylinder is equipped with a longitudinally extending circulation pipe. The lower end of the guide pipe is connected to the bottom of the circulation pipe. The upper end of the circulation pipe is successively fitted with an annular bottom support plate and an annular mounting plate from bottom to top, and then installed on the annular mounting plate above the grinding tank. A spiral rod is rotatably installed inside the circulation pipe.

2. The integrated soil sample grinding and dispensing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge baffle is a hollow shell structure with an opening at the bottom, and an inlet hole is provided on one side of the discharge baffle.

3. The integrated soil sample grinding and dispensing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A horizontal support is provided on one side of the lower end of the discharge baffle. A guide rod slides longitudinally through the horizontal support. The upper end of the guide rod is fixed to the bottom of the distribution plate, and a limiting protrusion is provided at the bottom of the guide rod. Two electromagnetic plates with opposite magnetic properties are provided between the horizontal support and the bottom of the distribution plate.

4. The integrated soil sample grinding and dispensing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the circulation pipe is provided with a downward inclined pipe facing the grinding tank, and the two ends of the inclined pipe are connected to the circulation pipe and the grinding tank respectively.

5. The integrated soil sample grinding and dispensing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear ring is fitted on the outer wall of the equalizing plate, and a motor is mounted on the annular base plate via a bracket. A gear that meshes with the gear ring is installed at the output end of the motor.

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