Test device for simulating scouring of pier by different water flows and flowing ice

Abstract

A test device for simulating different water flows and flowing ice to scour a pier is characterized in that an upper-layer water tank is connected with an upslope section, two sides of the upslope section are provided with water flow baffles, the upslope section is connected with a scouring platform, two sides of the scouring platform are provided with water flow baffles, the center of the scouring platform is provided with a test piece fixing groove, and the scouring platform is connected with a lower-layer water flow slope; a plurality of carrying plates are arranged at the center of the conveying belt; the other side of the conveying belt is connected with an upper-layer storage rack; an ice maker is arranged above the storage rack; a lower-layer water flow slope is connected with a lower-layer water tank; a circulating water pump is placed on the water pump storage plate, a test piece fixing groove is formed in the water tank, four small supporting columns are arranged below the water tank, and a vibration table is connected below the small supporting columns. The device can simulate the scouring test of the pier in various states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an indoor test device for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different flowing waters and drifting ice, belonging to the technical field of bridges. Background Art

[0002] In the natural environment, due to the influence of various factors such as temperature, terrain, flow velocity and flow rate, flow direction, and fluctuations, the water flow will have different scouring effects on the bridge piers. These effects will directly strip the materials on the surface of the bridge piers, making the surface of the bridge piers rough and uneven, and even forming obvious scouring pits, thus affecting the overall stability and service life of the bridge piers. Especially when the water flow intensity is large or there are defects in the design of the bridge piers, the scouring effect will be more obvious. In addition, the formation of eddy currents will generate rotational shear forces on the surface of the bridge piers, causing the materials on the surface of the bridge piers to be gradually eroded. The continuous action of the eddy currents will make the erosion of the surface of the bridge piers more and more serious, which may lead to structural damage to the bridge piers. In the long run, it may lead to the instability of the bridge structure and seriously threaten traffic safety. Therefore, predicting and evaluating the influence of water flow scouring on bridge piers has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of bridge engineering. However, field tests often have great limitations and uncertainties and cannot determine the influence of specific situations on bridge piers. The method of indoor tests has become the key to solving the problem. At present, there are many devices for simulating the action of the natural environment on bridge piers, but there are few devices for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by water flow and drifting ice. This is because pier scouring is a complex hydraulics problem affected by multiple factors, making it quite difficult to design and manufacture scouring devices that simulate these complex factors. At the same time, simulating scouring under complex water flow conditions has high requirements for existing devices and technologies. In view of this, in order to effectively simulate the influence of water flow on bridge piers in the laboratory, it is necessary to develop a test device for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a test device capable of simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different flowing waters and drifting ice indoors, and simulates the scouring action of different flowing waters and drifting ice on bridge piers by adjusting a water tank heater, water flow baffles, flow rate baffles, and an ice maker, and a device and method for simulating the scouring of a stationary water surface on bridge piers by a shaking table and a wave simulator.

[0004] To achieve the object of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted: A test device for simulating the scouring of piers by different water flows and drifting ice, including an upper water tank 1, an uphill section 7, a scouring platform 8, a lower water flow slope 14, an upper storage rack 28, and a lower water tank 21. A circulating water pipe 2, a water tank heater 3, a support 4, and three sluice baffles 6 are arranged on the upper water tank 1. The sluice baffles 6 are respectively connected to three sluice switches 5. The upper water tank 1 is connected to the uphill section 7. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the uphill section 7. A plurality of water flow regulating plate placement openings 9 and a flow baffle placement opening 10 are arranged on the water flow baffles, which are respectively used in combination with different water flow regulating plates 36 and height regulating plates 38. A flow baffle 37 is arranged in the height regulating plate 38. The uphill section 7 is connected to the scouring platform 8. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the scouring platform 8. A flow velocity and flow meter 25 is fixed on the baffle. Two supports 4 are arranged below. A specimen fixing groove 12 is arranged in the center of the scouring platform. The specimen fixing groove is used in combination with a pier model 40. An impact force sensor placement area 41 is arranged around the pier model 40. The scouring platform 8 is connected to the lower water flow slope 14. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the lower water flow slope 14. A water turbine generator 13 is arranged in the center of the lower water flow slope 14. The water turbine generator 13 is provided with an electric wire 33 connected to a circulating water pump 31. Four small pillars 16 are arranged near the water flow baffle 11. A water filter net 23 is arranged above the small pillars 16. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the water filter net 23. The water filter net 23 is connected to a conveyor belt 26. Conveyor belt baffles 24 are arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt 26. A plurality of carrying plates 39 are arranged in the center of the conveyor belt 26. The other side of the conveyor belt 26 is connected to the upper storage rack 28. The upper storage rack 28 is located above the starting point of the uphill section 7. An ice maker 27 is placed above the storage rack. Four pillars 29 are arranged below. The lower water flow slope 14 is connected to the lower water tank 21. A circulating water pipe 2, a water tank drain opening 18, and a water pump placement plate 15 are arranged on the lower water tank 21. The circulating water pump 31 is placed above the water pump placement plate 15. The circulating water pump 31 is connected to the circulating water pipe 2 on both sides. A specimen fixing groove 12 is arranged in the water tank and is used in combination with a pier model 40. Four small pillars 16 are arranged below the water tank. The small pillars 16 are connected to a vibration table 17 below. Lockable wheels 32 are arranged below the vibration table 17. The lower water tank 21 is connected to an additional water tank 20 through a communicating water pipe 22. The additional water tank 20 can be removed through the communicating water pipe 22. A water tank drain opening 18 and a wave simulator 19 are arranged on the additional water tank 20. Nine specimen fixing grooves 12 are arranged in the water tank and are used in combination with a pier model 40. The three supports 4 and the four pillars 29 are connected to a cushion plate 30 below. Lockable wheels 32 are arranged below the cushion plate. The water tank heater 3, the vibration table 17, the wave simulator 19, and the ice maker 27 are connected to a power supply 34 through an electric wire 33. The device is controlled by a central control device 42, and the central control device 42 is connected to a control system 43.

[0005] A test method for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice, and the test method is as follows: Step 1: Before starting the device, place the height adjustment plate 38 assembled with the flow baffle 37 on the flow baffle placement opening 10, place impact sensors in the impact sensor placement area 41 of the bridge pier model 40, and seal the periphery of the model with an elastic water-stop colloid material. Place the bridge pier model 40 meeting the simulation requirements in the specimen fixing grooves 12 of the scouring platform 8, the lower water tank 21, and the additional water tank 20. Among them, different numbers of bridge pier models 40 are placed in the additional water tank 20 according to the test requirements; Step 2: Ensure that the lockable wheels 32 are in the locked state, ensure that the required equipment is connected to the power supply 34, ensure that the connecting water pipe 22 is in the closed state, fill the upper water tank 1 and the additional water tank 20 with test water, turn on the flow velocity and flow meter 25, and adjust the flow baffle 37 according to the flow simulation requirements; Step 3: Open the sluice switch 5 at the corresponding height according to the flow velocity simulation requirements to adjust the sluice baffle 6. When the water flow drives the water turbine generator 13 to operate, turn on the connecting water pipe 22, and turn on the switch of the circulating water pump 31 to ensure that the circulating water pump 31 operates stably under the power supply of the water turbine generator 13. Turn on the control system 43 according to the requirements; Step 4: After completing the scouring test, turn off the switch of the circulating water pump 31 and the connecting water pipe 22, and conduct subsequent tests according to the test requirements.

[0006] Furthermore, in the test, change the test water for the test, and the test water includes tap water, river water, and seawater.

[0007] Furthermore, in Step 3, place the water flow regulating plate 36 on the water flow regulating plate placement opening 9 according to the simulation requirements to change the water flow direction scouring the bridge pier.

[0008] Furthermore, in Step 3, turn on the water tank heater 3 according to the simulation requirements to regulate the water flow temperature for the scouring test.

[0009] Furthermore, in Step 3, turn on the ice maker 27 to simulate the scouring of the bridge pier by the water flow containing drifting ice. At the same time, turn on the conveyor belt 26, and the V-shaped carrying plate 39 carries the test drifting ice for recycling.

[0010] Furthermore, in Step 4, turn on the wave simulator 19, and the scouring influence of different waves on the bridge pier can be simulated by adjusting the wave-making regulating plate 35.

[0011] Furthermore, accumulate the bridge piers under the action of the same kind of test water in the additional water tank 20 to observe the influence of the scouring duration on the bridge piers.

[0012] The positive and beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention can simulate the scour tests of bridge piers under various conditions, with many variables, and can provide important reference results when applied to bridge scour research. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the cross-section of the lower-layer water flow.

[0015] Figure 3 It is the top view schematic diagram of the additional water tank.

[0016] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the conveyor belt carrying version.

[0017] Figure 5 It is the diagram of the water flow plate type.

[0018] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the flow baffle and height adjustment plate.

[0019] Figure 7 It is the diagram of the bridge pier model type. Detailed Embodiment

[0020] To more fully explain the implementation of the present invention, implementation examples of the present invention are provided. These implementation examples are only explanations of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] As shown in the attached drawings, a test device for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and floating ice includes an upper water tank 1, an uphill section 7, a scouring platform 8, a lower water flow slope 14, an upper storage rack 28, and a lower water tank 21. A circulating water pipe 2, a water tank heater 3, a support 4, and three sluice baffles 6 are arranged on the upper water tank 1, and the sluice baffles 6 are respectively connected to three sluice switches 5. The upper water tank 1 is connected to the uphill section 7. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the uphill section 7. A plurality of water flow adjusting plate storage openings 9 and a flow baffle storage opening 10 are arranged on the water flow baffles, and are respectively used in conjunction with different water flow adjusting plates 36 and height adjusting plates 38. A flow baffle 37 is arranged in the height adjusting plate 38. The uphill section 7 is connected to the scouring platform 8. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the scouring platform 8. A flow velocity and flow meter 25 is fixed on the baffle, and two supports 4 are arranged below. A specimen fixing groove 12 is arranged in the center of the scouring platform, and is used in conjunction with a bridge pier model 40. An impact force sensor placement area 41 is arranged around the bridge pier model 40. The scouring platform 8 is connected to the lower water flow slope 14. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the lower water flow slope 14. A water turbine generator 13 is arranged in the center of the lower water flow slope 14. The water turbine generator 13 is provided with an electric wire 33 connected to a circulating water pump 31. Four small pillars 16 are arranged near the water flow baffle 11. A water filter screen 23 is arranged above the small pillars 16. Water flow baffles 11 are arranged on both sides of the water filter screen 23. The water filter screen 23 is connected to a conveyor belt 26. Conveyor belt baffles 24 are arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt 26. A plurality of carrying plates 39 are arranged in the center of the conveyor belt 26. The other side of the conveyor belt 26 is connected to the upper storage rack 28. The upper storage rack 28 is located above the starting point of the uphill section 7. An ice maker 27 is placed above the storage rack, and four pillars 29 are arranged below. The lower water flow slope 14 is connected to the lower water tank 21. A circulating water pipe 2, a water tank drain 18, and a water pump placement board 15 are arranged on the lower water tank 21. The circulating water pump 31 is placed above the water pump placement board 15. The circulating water pump 31 is connected to the circulating water pipe 2 on both sides. A specimen fixing groove 12 is arranged in the water tank and is used in conjunction with a bridge pier model 40. Four small pillars 16 are arranged below the water tank. The small pillars 16 are connected to a vibration table 17 below. Lockable wheels 32 are arranged below the vibration table 17. The lower water tank 21 is connected to an additional water tank 20 through a connecting water pipe 22. The additional water tank 20 can be removed through the connecting water pipe 22. A water tank drain 18 and a wave simulator 19 are arranged on the additional water tank 20. Nine specimen fixing grooves 12 are arranged in the water tank and are used in conjunction with a bridge pier model 40. The three supports 4 and the four pillars 29 are connected to a backing plate 30 below, and lockable wheels 32 are arranged below the backing plate. The water tank heater 3, the vibration table 17, the wave simulator 19, and the ice maker 27 are connected to a power supply 34 through an electric wire 33. The device is controlled by a central control device 42, and the central control device 42 is connected to a control system 43. The water inlet is directly filled with water from the top of the tank. The upper water outlet is the sluice baffle 6, and the lower water outlet is the water tank drain 18.

[0022] The device is fixed by connecting the backing plate 30 through the support 4 and the strut 29. Lockable wheels 32 are provided below the backing plate 30 and the shaking table 17 to ensure stability and mobility.

[0023] The experimental method steps are as follows: Step 1: Before starting the device, place the height adjustment plate 38 assembled with the flow baffle 37 on the flow baffle placement opening (10), place the impact force sensor in the impact force sensor placement area (41) of the pier model (40), and seal the four peripheral edges of the model with an elastic water-stop colloidal material. Place the pier model (40) that meets the simulation requirements in the specimen fixing grooves (12) of the scouring platform (8), the lower water tank (21), and the additional water tank (20). Among them, different numbers of pier models (40) are placed in the additional water tank (20) according to the test requirements.

[0024] Step 2: Ensure that the lockable wheels (32) are in the locked state, ensure that the required equipment is connected to the power supply (34), ensure that the connecting water pipe (22) is in the closed state, fill the upper water tank (1) and the additional water tank (20) with test water, turn on the flow velocity and flow meter (25), and adjust the flow baffle (37) according to the flow simulation requirements.

[0025] Step 3: Open the sluice switch (5) at the corresponding height to adjust the sluice baffle (6) according to the flow velocity simulation requirements. When the water flow drives the water turbine generator (13) to operate, open the connecting water pipe (22), and turn on the switch of the circulating water pump (31) to ensure that the circulating water pump (31) operates stably during the power supply of the water turbine generator (13). Turn on the control system (43) according to the requirements.

[0026] Step 4: After completing the scouring test, turn off the switch of the circulating water pump (31) and the connecting water pipe (22), and conduct subsequent tests according to the test requirements.

[0027] The experimental plan is as follows: Plan 1: Change the test water (including but not limited to tap water, river water, sea water, etc.) according to the test requirements to simulate the real situation.

[0028] Plan 2: On the basis of Step 3, place the water flow adjustment plate (36) on the water flow adjustment plate placement opening (9) according to the simulation requirements to change the water flow direction for scouring the pier.

[0029] Plan 3: On the basis of Step 3, turn on the water tank heater (3) according to the simulation requirements to control the water flow temperature for scouring tests.

[0030] Plan 4: Conduct Plan 1 and Plan 2 simultaneously.

[0031] Solution Five: On the basis of Step 3, turn on the ice maker (27) to simulate the scouring of the pier by the flowing ice-containing water flow. At the same time, turn on the conveyor belt (26), and the V-shaped carrying plate (39) carries the test flowing ice for recycling.

[0032] Solution Six: On the basis of Step 4, turn on the shaking table (17) to simulate the scouring effect of the water flow on the pier under the action of an earthquake.

[0033] Solution Seven: On the basis of Step 4, turn on the wave simulator (19), and different wave scouring effects on the pier can be simulated by adjusting the wave-making adjustment plate (35).

[0034] Solution Eight: Accumulate the piers under the action of the same test water in the additional water tank (20) to observe the influence of the scouring duration on the piers.

[0035] After elaborating on the embodiments of the present invention, those familiar with the technology can clearly understand that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the above-mentioned patent application. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and decorations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention all belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the implementation manners of the examples given in the specification.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice, comprising an upper water tank (1), an uphill section (7), a scouring platform (8), a lower water flow slope (14), an upper storage rack (28), and a lower water tank (21), characterized in that: A circulating water pipe (2), a water tank heater (3), a bracket (4), and three sluice baffles (6) are provided on the upper water tank (1). The sluice baffles (6) are respectively connected to three sluice switches (5). The upper water tank (1) is connected to the uphill section (7). Water flow baffles (11) are provided on both sides of the uphill section (7). A plurality of water flow regulating plate placement openings (9) and a flow baffle placement opening (10) are provided on the water flow baffles, and are respectively used in combination with different water flow regulating plates (36) and height regulating plates (38). A flow baffle (37) is provided in the height regulating plate (38). The uphill section (7) is connected to the scouring platform (8). Water flow baffles (11) are provided on both sides of the scouring platform (8). A flow velocity and flow meter (25) is fixed on the baffle. Two brackets (4) are provided below. A specimen fixing groove (12) is provided in the center of the scouring platform. The specimen fixing groove is used in combination with a pier model (40). An impact force sensor placement area (41) is provided around the pier model (40). The scouring platform (8) is connected to the lower water flow slope (14). Water flow baffles (11) are provided on both sides of the lower water flow slope (14). A water turbine generator (13) is provided in the center of the lower water flow slope (14). The water turbine generator (13) is provided with an electric wire (33) connected to a circulating water pump (31). Four small pillars (16) are provided near the water flow baffle (11). A water filter net (23) is provided above the small pillars (16). Water flow baffles (11) are provided on both sides of the water filter net (23). The water filter net (23) is connected to a conveyor belt (26). Conveyor belt baffles (24) are provided on both sides of the conveyor belt (26). A plurality of carrying plates (39) are provided in the center of the conveyor belt (26). The other side of the conveyor belt (26) is connected to an upper layer storage rack (28). The upper layer storage rack (28) is located above the starting point of the uphill section (7). An ice maker (27) is placed above the storage rack. Four pillars (29) are provided below. The lower water flow slope (14) is connected to a lower water tank (21). A circulating water pipe (2), a water tank drain (18), and a water pump placement plate (15) are provided on the lower water tank (21). The circulating water pump (31) is placed above the water pump placement plate (15). The circulating water pump (31) is connected to the circulating water pipe (2) on both sides. A specimen fixing groove (12) is provided in the water tank and is used in combination with a pier model (40). Four small pillars (16) are provided below the water tank. The small pillars (16) are connected to a vibration table (17) below. Lockable wheels (32) are provided below the vibration table (17). The lower water tank (21) is connected to an additional water tank (20) through a connecting water pipe (22).The additional water tank (20) can be removed through a connecting water pipe (22). A water tank drain opening (18) and a wave simulator (19) are provided on the additional water tank (20). Nine specimen fixing grooves (12) are arranged in the water tank and used in conjunction with the pier model (40). The three supports (4) and the four columns (29) are connected to a backing plate (30) below, and lockable wheels (32) are provided below the backing plate. The water tank heater (3), the shaking table (17), the wave simulator (19), and the ice maker (27) are connected to a power supply (34) through wires (33). The device is controlled by a central control device (42), and the central control device (42) is connected to a control system (43).

2. A test method for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice, using the test device for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice as described in claim 1, characterized in that The test method is as follows: Step 1: Before starting the device, place the height adjustment plate (38) assembled with the flow baffle (37) on the flow baffle placement opening (10), place the impact force sensor in the impact force sensor placement area (41) of the pier model (40), and seal the four peripheral edges of the model with elastic water-stop colloidal material. Place the pier model (40) that meets the simulation requirements in the specimen fixing grooves (12) of the scouring platform (8), the lower water tank (21), and the additional water tank (20). Among them, different numbers of pier models (40) are placed in the additional water tank (20) according to the test requirements; Step 2: Ensure that the lockable wheels (32) are in the locked state, ensure that the required equipment is connected to the power supply (34), ensure that the connecting water pipe (22) is in the closed state, fill the upper water tank (1) and the additional water tank (20) with test water, turn on the flow velocity and flow meter (25), and adjust the flow baffle (37) according to the flow simulation requirements; Step 3: Open the sluice switch (5) at the corresponding height according to the flow velocity simulation requirements to adjust the sluice baffle (6). When the water flow drives the water turbine generator (13) to operate, turn on the connecting water pipe (22), and turn on the switch of the circulation water pump (31) to ensure that the circulation water pump (31) operates stably during the power supply of the water turbine generator (13). Turn on the control system (43) according to the requirements; Step 4: After completing the scouring test, turn off the switch of the circulation water pump (31) and the connecting water pipe (22), and conduct subsequent tests according to the test requirements.

3. The test method for simulating the scour of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the test, change the test water for the test. The test water includes tap water, river water, and seawater.

4. The experimental method for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice according to claim 2, wherein: In Step 3, place the water flow adjustment plate (36) on the water flow adjustment plate placement opening (9) according to the simulation requirements to change the water flow direction scouring the pier.

5. The test method for simulating the scour of bridge piers by different water flows and floating ice according to claim 2, characterized in that: In Step 3, turn on the water tank heater (3) to control the water flow temperature according to the simulation requirements for the scouring test.

6. The test method for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice according to claim 2, characterized in that: In Step 3, turn on the ice maker (27) to simulate the scouring of the pier by the ice-containing water flow. At the same time, turn on the conveyor belt (26), and the V-shaped carrying plate (39) carries the test ice floes for recycling.

7. A test method for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and drifting ice according to claim 2, characterized in that: In Step 4, turn on the wave simulator (19), and the impact of different waves on the pier can be simulated by adjusting the wave adjustment plate (35).

8. A test method for simulating the scouring of bridge piers by different water flows and floating ice, according to claim 2, characterized in that: Accumulate the piers under the action of the same kind of test water in the additional water tank (20) to observe the influence of the scouring duration on the piers.

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